CN101406046A - Automatic gain control circuit - Google Patents
Automatic gain control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101406046A CN101406046A CNA2007800103449A CN200780010344A CN101406046A CN 101406046 A CN101406046 A CN 101406046A CN A2007800103449 A CNA2007800103449 A CN A2007800103449A CN 200780010344 A CN200780010344 A CN 200780010344A CN 101406046 A CN101406046 A CN 101406046A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 101100482058 Abies grandis ag11 gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102100036601 Aggrecan core protein Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108091006419 SLC25A12 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 108091006418 SLC25A13 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
- H04N5/52—Automatic gain control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
- H04N5/4446—IF amplifier circuits specially adapted for B&W TV
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- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
An automatic gain control (AGC) circuit based on a cascade of a step automatic gain control unit and a second automatic gain control unit connected to adjust their gain in a synchronized manner to result in a combined impulsive gain variation. Hereby it is possible, e.g. to use a step automatic gain control unit instead of a continuous automatic gain control unit in an RF part of a TV tuner without resulting in visual artifacts - this applies both for digital and analog TV tuners. According to a preferred embodiment, the synchronization between the two automatic gain control units may be achieved by the first automatic gain control unit generating a control signal upon gain adjustment, this control signal serving to speed up a loop bandwith controlling gain change of the second automatic gain control unit. In another embodiment, the control signal generated by the first automatic gain control unit is used to control a gain step of the second automatic gain control unit. In addition, the invention provides a tuner with an automatic gain control unit as mentioned, and a device, e.g. a TV or a hard disc recorder with such tuner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automatic gain control.
Background technology
In the broadband reception device of analog or digital TV, continous way automatic gain control (AGC) is used to the RF receiving circuit to regulate incoming signal level usually.Adopt continous way AGC, because adopt stepping (step) AGC will cause image to be badly damaged with 1dB for example or bigger step-length.In simulated television, if substep is adjusted the gain in the RF receiving circuit, will in image, produce the glitch of trouble, yet in Digital Television, when the gain step size that adopts was higher than 0.5dB, the substep adjustment of this gain can cause image to completely lose in some cases.In addition, use the damage of the image that the gain step size in tuner can cause being received by second tuner for multi-tuner.Therefore, in multi-tuner is used, adopt usually to have the low noise amplifier of fixed gain so that before signal is passed to two or more tuners, provide distributor function.
From the viewpoint of design, owing to some reasons are preferably carried out stepping AGC, because stepping AGC, also has high linear and gain than the easier requirement of satisfying low power consumption, these aspects of low noise of continous way AGC.In general, stepping AGC allows to adopt more simply design, and can obtain at the receiver that has the performance of improvement aspect a plurality of parameters.
WO 2004/086757 explanation receives the TV tuner of anolog TV signals.This TV tuner comprises stepping AGC amplifier 1,1 in this stepping AGC amplifier vertical synchronization interim according to 0.1,0.5 or the step-length adjustment of 1dB so that in image, do not produce serious visual artifact (artifact).In order to reach this purpose, stepping AGC adjusts based on the vertical synchronizing signal v-sync that is provided by circuit (being intermediate frequency (IF) demodulator circuit) independently.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide automatic gain control circuit, for example be used in the TV tuner, wherein may adopt stepping AGC that the image that does not have serious visual artifact still is provided simultaneously.The present invention defines by independent claims.Dependent claims definition advantageous embodiments.
A first aspect of the present invention provides automatic gain control (AGC) circuit, this circuit comprises an AGC and the 2nd AGC of cascade (cascade), the one AGC is set to substep and adjusts its gain, and wherein first and second AGC connect into the method for synchronization and adjust its gain.
Be to be understood that, " cascade " is understood that first and second AGC directly connect front and back each other, just the output of an AGC directly is connected with the input of the 2nd AGC, perhaps first and second AGC can by each other directly before latter linked cascade system connect, just another circuit can be interconnected between the input of the output of an AGC and the 2nd AGC.
The RF that for example incorporates tuner (as TV tuner) according to the agc circuit of first aspect into partly is favourable.Has the AGC that stepping AGC and the 2nd AGC cascade and its gain synchronously adjust by providing, may obtain portfolio premium and change, it is receivable input noise pulse that this portfolio premium variation (DVB-T) requires in accordance with digital video broadcasting-ground (Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial).Therefore, adopt the agc circuit of first aspect, might realize adopting the TV tuner of gain step size, and still allow this tuner receiving digital television signal and do not have image artifacts greater than the stepping AGC of 1dB.Described agc circuit also is used for analog television tuner, and wherein gain adjustment will only produce the minor artifacts in the image.
Preferably, an AGC is set and when adjusting its gain, produces control signal to the 2nd AGC.Preferably, the 2nd AGC being set responds described control signal and adjusts its gain.In one embodiment, the 2nd AGC is set to respond described control signal and adjusts its gain, to offset the adjustment of an AGC.In another embodiment, the 2nd AGC is set to respond described control signal and the speed of the adjustment of accelerating to gain.
Preferably, first and second AGC are synchronous, so that when gain was adjusted, the portfolio premium of first and second AGC showed pulse change.Preferably, this portfolio premium pulse change meets DVB-T does not have picture breakdown about allowing impulsive noise requirement.Therefore, in this embodiment, agc circuit can be used for digital TV tuner and not have image artifacts.
In a preferred embodiment, first and second AGC are that stepping type AGC is because stepping AGC has many advantages.Yet the 2nd AGC can alternatively be set to adjust continuously its gain, and this is still favourable, because use the requirement of having relaxed the 2nd AGC with an AGC of stepper type, even the 2nd AGC is continuous type AGC.
The 2nd AGC can adopt double grids MOSFET to implement, and particularly double grids MOSFET can be used for implementing continuous type the 2nd AGC.
In second aspect, the invention provides at its input and be included in radio frequency (RF) tuner according to the automatic gain control circuit of first aspect.In certain embodiments, tracking filter is connected between first and second AGC at least.Even the more parts of RF tuner circuit, as frequency mixer, can be connected between first and second AGC.Under the situation after the 2nd AGC is connected frequency mixer, preferably continuous gain A GC type.
Use for multi-tuner, the first stepping AGC can be connected with the input of first tuner, and second tuner of the 2nd AGC join dependency.Therefore, by being separated in two AGC between two tuners, might allow to use stepping AGC according to the multi-tuner configuration.Because the change in gain of the AGC in second tuner affects, first tuner, first tuner can be regarded the main tuner of second tuner as.In a word, this principle can expand to multi-tuner, and one of them tuner is as two or more main tuner from tuner.
In the third aspect, the invention provides the equipment that comprises according to the RF tuner of second aspect.Particularly, this equipment can be television set, can be digital television or simulated television.Under the situation of simulated television, described automatic gain control circuit can connect into according to vertical scan synchronization signal its gain synchronously of this television set and adjust, and is for example disclosed such in WO 2004/086757.Therefore agc circuit might be used to receive anolog TV signals, and without any adjusting relevant visual artifact with gain.Described equipment is the equipment with any kind of of RF tuner, for example DVR, media center etc. in principle.
In fourth aspect, the invention provides auto gain control method, this method comprises that substep adjusts the gain of an AGC and adjust and the gain of the 2nd AGC of an AGC cascade, wherein the adjustment of the gain of first and second AGC is carried out with the method for synchronization.
Should be appreciated that the advantage of above-mentioned first aspect and embodiment also are suitable for second, third and fourth aspect of the present invention.Therefore, any one aspect of the present invention each can combine with other aspects.
Description of drawings
Referring now to accompanying drawing, only explain the present invention, wherein by the mode of example
Fig. 1 illustrates first embodiment of automatic gain control circuit.
Fig. 2 a-2d explanation expression is according to the figure of the change in gain of first embodiment.
Fig. 3 illustrates second embodiment of automatic gain control circuit.
Fig. 4 a-4d explanation expression is according to the figure of the change in gain of second embodiment.
Fig. 5 explanation is used for for example possible execution mode of the continous way AGC element of the embodiment of first or second agc circuit.
Fig. 6 explanation is according to RF tuner embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 explanation is according to dual tuner embodiment of the present invention, and
Fig. 8 explanation is according to television set of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the first agc circuit embodiment that for example uses according to of the present invention in the RF importation of TV tuner.The first stepping AGC1 and the 2nd AGC2 cascade.The 2nd AGC2 can be continous way or have for example stepping type AGC of 0.5dB or littler step-length of less step-length.In the illustrated embodiment, first and second AGC1,2 are through connecting 3 direct cascades.In addition, when an AGC1 changes its when gain, an AGC1 4 to the 2nd AGC2 that transmit control signal, so this control signal 4 allows described two AGC1,2 synchronous its gain adjustment.The 2nd AGC slowly changes its gain (being that it has gain loop bandwidth in the scope between several hertz and hundreds of hertz) to overcome the interference of field condition as the amplitude-modulated unnecessary signal that disturbs useful signal.Yet, increase by the loop bandwidth that receives control signal 4, the two AGC, and therefore the change in gain rate of the 2nd AGC is accelerated so that produce quick anti-gain step size (fast counter gain step).The compound action of first and second AGC will produce as at the desirable gain response shown in the example in the chart of Fig. 2 a-2d.
Fig. 2 a represents the gain as an AGC1 of the function of time.Can see that at a time a step adjusts upward in described gain.Fig. 2 b represents control or the signal for "faster" of water ski signaling 4 by AGC1 generation as the function of time.Can see that this control signal 4 is continuously " height " in the short time relevant with the gain adjustment of an AGC.Fig. 2 c points out the change in gain as the 2nd AGC of the function of time.Can see that the 2nd AGC is by reducing the control signal 4 of its gain response for " height ".Result at time dependent two AGC1 shown in Fig. 2 d, 2 portfolio premium.Can see that the gain of the increase of an AGC1 is offset by the gain that the 2nd AGC reduces, and this result is by the pulse change of total agc circuit in the portfolio premium of two AGC.
Fig. 3 illustrates another agc circuit embodiment.Equally, stepping AGC11 and the 2nd AGC12 cascade, the 2nd AGC12 can be continous way AGC or stepping AGC with little gain step size (less than 0.5dB step-length).In this embodiment, two AGC11,12 synchronous by second control signal 13 that produces by stepping AGC11 and receive by the 2nd AGC12, the 2nd AGC12 is consistent with the gain change of stepping AGC11.The 2nd AGC12 responsive control signal 13 produces anti-gain step size so that offset in the gain step size of stepping AGC11.
The example of the control signal 13 of the embodiment of Fig. 4 a-4d explanation change in gain and Fig. 3.A step (one step) gain that Fig. 4 a explanation stepping AGC11 carves at a time increases.The control signal 13 that is produced by stepping AGC11 has been shown among Fig. 4 b to be changed along with its change in gain.The change in gain of the 2nd AGC12 of responsive control signal 13 as can be seen in Fig. 4 c.Can see that the gain of the 2nd AGC12 is adjusted so that offset in the step of stepping AGC11 in a step.The portfolio premium of the agc circuit of Fig. 4 d key diagram 3 changes.Can see that owing to compare with the initial gain step-length of stepping AGC11, the response of the 2nd AGC12 is the anti-gain step size that has postponed the short time, therefore to change be pulse for described two AGC11,12 portfolio premium.
Consider the performance of digital video broadcasting-ground (DVB-T) channel decoder, this channel decoder must satisfy the ask for something (stipulating) about impulsive noise in D-book.Particularly under the situation of the impulsive noise that the duration and the level of channel decoder received pulse is lower than particular range, do not allow to take place image and lost efficacy.For example, allow the 15dB level when duration of pulse is 0.3 microsecond, allow the 10dB level when duration of pulse is 1 microsecond, and if the duration of pulse allows the 5dB level when being 2 microseconds.Agc circuit embodiment of the present invention has utilized this performance of DVB-T decoder, because as long as the pulse change in gain reaches above-mentioned DVB-T condition, so that under the situation of the reception of receiving digital television, the agc circuit with pulse change in gain performance that illustrates in Fig. 2 d and 4d satisfies the condition that no image lost efficacy at the RF chain that this agc circuit is used for tuner.These conditions are easy to realize in the embodiment of reality.Therefore, stepping AGC can be used for Digital Television and receive as the RF importation of TV tuner.
Described agc circuit embodiment also can be used for analog television tuner.At this moment, pulse gain behavior will cause that brightness (luminance) changes, and this brightness changes far away from the trouble of the glitch in the image, and Here it is adopts the stepping AGC with big step-length to be used for the result that simulated television receives in the RF of TV tuner part.
Fig. 5 explanation is as the possible embodiment of the continous way AGC element of the 2nd AGC among the agc circuit embodiment of Fig. 1 and 3 any one.Current source 25 connects into to the MOSFET21 power supply with double grid 22,23.The NMOST that is connected with the first grid 22 is used to change the drain voltage of the NMOS that is connected with 23.Change described drain voltage then, the gm of the NMOST that is connected with second grid 23 and electric current change.The resistance R of variable resistance 24 has determined that together with the gm of NMOST the voltage gain A of entire circuit is A=Rgm.Therefore, described voltage gain A can adjust by resistance R that changes variable resistance 24 or the gm that changes NMOST.So, grid 22 as signal input end and grid 23 as the AGC input.
Fig. 6 explanation has wherein been adopted according to agc circuit 32,34 of the present invention according to RF tuner embodiment 30 of the present invention.RF signal from antenna 31 is received by stepping AGC32.This stepping AGC and the 2nd AGC34 cascade, but directly cascade are because comprise that for example another tuner circuit part 33 of tracking filter and frequency mixer is connected between two AGC32,34.Control signal 36 is used for as in conjunction with Fig. 1 and 3 described embodiment, synchronous two AGC32,34.Might with other tuner circuit 35 for example intermediate frequency (IF) filter be arranged on after the 2nd AGC34.This tuner 30 is as TV tuner, for example be integrated in the television set and DVR or the like among.
Fig. 7 illustrates dual tuner embodiment 40.RF signal from antenna 41 is received by stepping AGC42.The output of stepping 42 is applied to another circuit 43 of first tuner.In addition, the output of stepping AGC42 is applied to the input of the 2nd AGC44, and the output of the 2nd AGC44 is connected with another circuit 45 of second tuner.Control signal 46 is used to make two AGC42,44 synchronous as mentioned above.Therefore, image for fear of dual tuner embodiment 40 damages, described agc circuit independently separates between the tuner at two, thereby first tuner with stepping AGC42 is as main tuner, and second tuner with the 2nd AGC44 is used as from tuner, and promptly the AGC44 in second tuner reacts on the gain step size that produces by among the stepping AGC42 in first tuner.As explaining for single tuner, the AGC44 in second tuner in principle can with second tuner circuit in be connected Anywhere, promptly it does not need to be inserted in the input end of second tuner.
Should be appreciated that identical principle also roughly is applicable to the multi-tuner setting, promptly three, four, five, six or more tuners with master-slave mode configuration coupling.Must provide the described signal for faster 4 of embodiment of Fig. 1 or 3 or gain control signal 13 to from tuner, damage with the image of avoiding producing.
Fig. 8 illustrates the embodiment of simulated television 50.RF signal from antenna 51 is received by RF tuner 52, for example the embodiment of explanation RF tuner in Fig. 6.The output of this tuner is applied to the display unit 53 of television set 50.Vertical synchronizing signal 54 from display unit 53 is applied to tuner 52, so that therefore the AGC system that allows tuner 52 has got rid of the possible brightness variation of the image that is produced only in vertical synchronization interim adjustment gain when gain is adjusted.
The element of embodiments of the invention and form can be in any suitable manner physically, function ground and logically enforcement.Really, function can be with single unit, implement with a plurality of unit or with the part of other functional units.Thus, the present invention can implement with single unit, or physically and function be distributed between different units and the processor.
In a word, the invention provides a kind of agc circuit, this agc circuit connects into the method for synchronization based on the stepping AGC of cascade and the 2nd AGC and adjusts its gain, thereby causes the assembled pulse change in gain.Therefore, might for example use stepping AGC to replace continous way AGC in the RF part of TV tuner, and not cause visual artifact, this all is suitable for numeral and analog television tuner.According to preferred embodiment, can realize by an AGC who produces control signal when gain is adjusted synchronously between two AGC, this control signal is used to quicken to control the loop bandwidth that the gain of the 2nd AGC changes.In another embodiment, the control signal that is produced by an AGC is used to control the gain step size of the 2nd AGC.In addition, the invention provides tuner and equipment, for example have the TV or the DVR of this tuner with above-mentioned agc circuit.
Though the present invention has described the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiment, wish that the present invention is restricted to particular form described herein.On the contrary, scope of the present invention only is subjected to the restriction of appended claims.In the claims, term " comprises " existence of not getting rid of other element or step.In addition, though independent feature can be included in the different claims, these possibilities are by advantageously combination, and the content in different claims does not mean that combination of features is infeasible and/or favourable.In addition, singular references is not got rid of a plurality of.Therefore, " " who mentions, " one ", " first ", " second " etc. do not get rid of a plurality of.In addition, reference symbol in the claims should not be regarded as limiting this scope.
Claims (14)
1. automatic gain control circuit comprises:
First automatic gain control unit (1,11) is set to the gain that substep is adjusted this first automatic gain control unit, and
Second automatic gain control unit (2,12), with the first automatic gain control unit cascade,
Wherein first and second automatic gain control units (1,11,2,12) connect into the gain of adjusting this first and second automatic gain control unit with the method for synchronization.
2. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 1, wherein first automatic gain control unit (1,11) is arranged in when adjusting its gain and produces control signal (4,13) to second automatic gain control unit (2,12), and second automatic gain control unit (2,12) is arranged to respond this control signal (4,13) and is adjusted its gain.
3. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 2, wherein second automatic gain control unit (2,12) is arranged to responsive control signal (4,13) and is accelerated the speed that gain is adjusted.
4. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 2, wherein second automatic gain control unit (2,12) is arranged to responsive control signal and is adjusted its gain to offset the adjustment of first automatic gain control unit (1,11).
5. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 1, wherein first and second automatic gain control units (1,11,2,12) are synchronous, so that when gain was adjusted, the portfolio premium of first and second automatic gain control units (1,11,2,12) showed pulse change.
6. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 1, wherein second automatic gain control unit (2,12) is arranged to substep and is adjusted its gain.
7. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 1, wherein second automatic gain control unit (2,12) is arranged to adjust continuously its gain.
8. according to the automatic gain control circuit of claim 1, wherein second automatic gain control unit (2,12) comprises double grids MOSFET (21).
9. RF tuner (30) that comprises automatic gain control circuit according to claim 1 (32,34) and frequency mixer.
10. according to the RF tuner (30) of claim 9, between first and second automatic gain control units (32,34), connect at least one tracking filter (33).
11. according to the RF tuner (40) of claim 9, wherein first step automatic gain control unit (42) is connected the input of first tuner (43), and second automatic gain control unit (44) connects relevant second tuner (45).
12. one kind comprises the equipment (50) according to the RF tuner (52) of claim 9.
13. according to the equipment (50) of claim 12, this equipment is television set, wherein automatic gain control circuit connects into vertical scan synchronization signal (54) its gain adjustment synchronously according to television set.
14. an auto gain control method comprises:
Substep is adjusted the gain of first automatic gain control unit, and
The gain of second automatic gain control unit of the adjustment and the first automatic gain control unit cascade,
Wherein the adjustment of the gain of first and second automatic gain control units is carried out with the method for synchronization.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201410383651.3A CN104202001B (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-03-21 | Automatic gain control circuit and control method thereof |
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EP06300282.8 | 2006-03-24 | ||
EP06300282 | 2006-03-24 |
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CN201410383651.3A Division CN104202001B (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-03-21 | Automatic gain control circuit and control method thereof |
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CN201410383651.3A Active CN104202001B (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-03-21 | Automatic gain control circuit and control method thereof |
CNA2007800103449A Pending CN101406046A (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-03-21 | Automatic gain control circuit |
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EP (1) | EP2002651A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009530953A (en) |
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Cited By (1)
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WO2023050714A1 (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Automatic gain control apparatus and gain update timing output method |
Families Citing this family (5)
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CN102421182B (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院上海微***与信息技术研究所 | AGC realization method suitable for wireless sensor network |
EP2704321B1 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2016-04-06 | Nxp B.V. | Adaptive stepped gain amplifier system and method |
US9419573B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-08-16 | Nxp, B.V. | Variable gain transimpedance amplifier |
CN107086875B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-07-09 | 深圳思凯微电子有限公司 | Automatic gain control equipment and method |
EP3477858B1 (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2022-10-05 | Nxp B.V. | Automatic gain controller |
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WO2023050714A1 (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Automatic gain control apparatus and gain update timing output method |
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WO2007110816A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
JP2009530953A (en) | 2009-08-27 |
CN104202001A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
CN104202001B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
US9225927B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
EP2002651A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
US20100231801A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
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