CN101399442B - Two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof - Google Patents
Two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101399442B CN101399442B CN2008102349774A CN200810234977A CN101399442B CN 101399442 B CN101399442 B CN 101399442B CN 2008102349774 A CN2008102349774 A CN 2008102349774A CN 200810234977 A CN200810234977 A CN 200810234977A CN 101399442 B CN101399442 B CN 101399442B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary protection method for a lithium ion battery and a circuit thereof, wherein, a primary protection device is composed of a single-chip microcomputer system, and a secondary protection device is composed of a special protection chip set of a lithium ion battery. When the troubles such as overcharge, overdischarge, overtemperature and the like occur during the charge and the discharge of the lithium ion battery, the primary protection device takes action, and when the primary protection device can not take action in time due to certain reason, the secondary protection device takes action during the safe time of the lithium ion battery to eliminate the troubles and alarm. Aiming at the burning and explosion hazards when the lithium ion battery has troubles, the secondary protection method and the circuit realize the secondary protection function of the lithium ion battery, and improve the safety performance of the lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof, be applicable to the error protection that discharges and recharges of multi-section lithium ion battery pack, belong to the technical field of lithium ion battery management.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is with the novel high-energy battery of lithium intercalation compound as positive and negative pole material, has the specific energy height, the voltage height, and self discharge is little, and a series of advantages such as good cycle and life-span length begin to be widely used in recent years.But lithium ion battery can not overcharge, overdischarge and high temperature charge and discharge, otherwise can shorten battery useful life greatly, when serious in addition can burn, extreme case such as blast.Therefore, the protection that the lithium ion battery group discharges and recharges is very important, is directly connected to the security of products energy.If because extreme cases such as the lithium ion battery group is burnt in charge and discharge process, blast, and causing product recall and user's claim, the manufacturer will bear huge risk.Therefore, the safeguard measure of lithium ion battery group is attached great importance in the production commercial city.At present, the following battery pack of 4 strings has special-purpose protection chip, and 4 strings are above does not then have the privacy protection chip.At present, the protection of the battery pack more than 4 strings all is to adopt Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system separately or adopt the mode of privacy protection chip series connection to implement separately.This independent safeguard measure all has only first class of protection; if when the lithium ion battery group discharges and recharges, break down, and for a certain reason, this grade protection can not in time be moved and report to the police; to cause battery pack to damage even blast, and then influence device security and personal safety.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multi-section lithium ion battery pack two-stage protection method, thereby effectively improve the protective value of multi-section lithium ion battery pack; Another object of the present invention provides the realization circuit of this multi-section lithium ion battery pack two-stage protection method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of multi-section lithium ion battery pack two-stage protection method, be by electric voltage observation circuit 1, current monitoring module 2 and temperature observation circuit 3 with the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) voltage, electric current and temperature signal send into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, finish the signal measurement and the calculation process of first order protection; Special-purpose protective core sheet 71 in the privacy protection chipset 7, privacy protection chip 72 ..., privacy protection chip 7m is in series, the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) voltage, electric current and temperature signal directly measure and handle through chip, finish the signal measurement and the calculation process of second level protection; Privacy protection chipset 7 is sent into signal synthesis and drive circuit 6 with the result of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, drives charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 action, make the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) operate as normal; When overcharging, during phenomenon of the failure such as overdischarge or excess temperature, turn-offing charging valve Q11 or discharge tube Q12, the excision fault is also reported to the police; The action set point that the action set point of second level protection is protected greater than the first order, but all in the safe range of lithium ion battery.Therefore, when breaking down, the first order is protected the output protection signal, when for a certain reason, discharges and recharges main circuit and does not move, and fault there is not excision, and at this moment, the second level is protected the output protection signal, drives to discharge and recharge the main circuit action, the excision fault.
Above-mentioned two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1), n monomer lithium ion battery (B1, B2 ..., Bn) series connection constitutes battery pack, by electric voltage observation circuit 1, with each point in the battery pack over the ground (O) current potential (CL1, CL2 ..., CLn), by different proportion change into 0～+ direct voltage D1, the D2 of 5V ..., Dn, send into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and handle; The charging and discharging currents of battery pack produces signal C-SAMPLING by current monitoring module 2, sends into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and handles; The temperature of battery pack produces signal temp by temperature observation circuit 3, sends into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and handles; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 output signal CO0, DO0 send into signal synthesis and drive circuit 6; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 output signal CC1, CC2 ..., CCn, send into equalizing circuit 9, when the unbalanced situation of charging takes place, start equalizing circuit work;
(2), privacy protection chipset 7 by privacy protection chip 71, privacy protection chip 72 ..., privacy protection chip 7m is in series, to each point in the battery pack over the ground (O) current potential (CL1, CL2 ..., CLn), the charging and discharging currents of battery pack and the temperature of battery pack handle, output signal CO1, DO1 ..., COm, DOm, send into signal synthesis and drive circuit 6;
(3), signal synthesis and drive circuit 6 are according to the input signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and privacy protection chipset 7; produce drive signal CC-ON and DCC-ON; drive charge power pipe Q11 and discharge power pipe Q12, make the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) operate as normal or excision fault and report to the police.
In the above-mentioned two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack, when the lithium ion battery group was in non-charging and discharging state, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 worked in resting state, and electric voltage observation circuit 1 and temperature observation circuit 3 also are in resting state simultaneously.In case the lithium ion battery group discharges and recharges behavior, will wake up by charging, discharge and wake up and fault holding circuit 5, wake Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 work up.
In the above-mentioned two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack, when the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) overcharge, during failure condition such as overdischarge or excess temperature, will at first send guard signal by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, implement first order protection; If Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 can not in time send guard signal, or the guard signal that sends do not work, and then passes through certain time-delay, sends guard signal by privacy protection chipset 7, implements second level protection; The action set point that the action set point of second level protection is protected greater than the first order, but all in the safe range of lithium ion battery.
In the above-mentioned two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof; the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) by voltage stabilizing circuit generation+5V stabilized power supply, offer Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, current monitoring module 2, temperature observation circuit 3 and charging and wake up, discharge and wake up and fault holding circuit 5 is used.
The realization circuit of multi-section lithium ion battery pack two-stage protection method provided by the invention; comprise Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and privacy protection chipset 7; be connected in the electric voltage observation circuit 1 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 inputs; current monitoring module 2; temperature observation circuit 3 and charging wake up; discharge wakes up and fault holding circuit 5; equalizing circuit 9 and by 6 controls of signal synthesis and drive circuit; charging valve Q11 that connects with battery pack and discharge tube Q12; it is characterized in that: the result of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and privacy protection chipset 7 is all sent into signal synthesis and drive circuit 6; produce drive signal CC-ON and the DCC-ON of charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12, thereby drive charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12.During fault, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 is sent guard signal earlier, when for a certain reason, discharges and recharges main circuit and does not move, and fault there is not excision, and at this moment, privacy protection chipset 7 will send guard signal, drives to discharge and recharge the main circuit action, the excision fault.
The invention has the advantages that:,, significantly improved the security performance of lithium ion battery group for the lithium ion battery group provides the second class protection function with single-chip microcomputer protection and privacy protection chips incorporate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of this lithium ion battery group second class protection circuit;
Among the figure: the 1-electric voltage observation circuit, 2-current monitoring module, the 3-temperature observation circuit, the 4-Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, the 5-charging wakes up, discharges and wake up and the fault holding circuit, 6-signal synthesis and drive circuit, 7-privacy protection chipset; The 8-voltage stabilizing circuit, the 9-equalizing circuit.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of its electric voltage observation circuit;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of its current monitoring module;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of its temperature observation circuit;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of its Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system control section;
Fig. 6 is the control flow chart of its Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system control section;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of its privacy protection chip circuit;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of its signal synthesis and drive circuit;
Fig. 9 wakes up, discharges and wake schematic diagram with the fault holding circuit up for its charging;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of its equalizing circuit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; among the present invention; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 constitutes first order protection system; the battery pack each point voltage to earth signal D1 that processing is obtained by electric voltage observation circuit 1; D2; D3; Dn; the charging and discharging currents signal C-SAMPLING that current monitoring module 2 obtains; battery pack temperature signal temp and charging that temperature observation circuit 3 obtains wake up; discharge wakes the signal fault-keep that obtains with fault holding circuit 5 up; output control charge switch Q11; the signal CO0 of discharge switch Q12 break-make; DO0 also exports the control signal SW of turning-on voltage observation circuit 1 and temperature observation circuit 3 work simultaneously.It is pointed out that in order to reduce the electric energy loss of protective circuit be in non-discharging and recharging under the operating state in battery pack, electric voltage observation circuit, temperature observation circuit and Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system all are in resting state.When discharging and recharging behavior, wake Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system up by charging and discharging currents, make electric voltage observation circuit and temperature observation circuit work simultaneously.Special-purpose protective core sheet 71 in the privacy protection chipset 7; privacy protection chip 72; privacy protection chip 7m is in series; be connected to the battery pack two ends; constitute second level protection system; the privacy protection chipset is close to battery pack and is installed; input battery pack each point above earth potential CL1; CL2; CLn; output control charge switch Q11; the signal CO1 of discharge switch Q12 break-make; DO1; COm; DOm; and CO0; DO0; CO1; DO1; COm; DOm sends into signal synthesis and drive circuit 6, the drive signal CC-ON of output charge switch Q11 and the drive signal DCC-ON of discharge switch Q12.
Among Fig. 1, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 output signal CC1, CC2 ..., CCn, send into equalizing circuit 9, when the unbalanced situation of charging takes place, start equalizing circuit work.
Among Fig. 1, voltage stabilizing circuit 8 provides the high accuracy output voltage, guarantees the operating accuracy of each link.
In actual applications, charge switch Q11 of the present invention, discharge switch Q12 all can adopt the method for paralleling MOS FET to enlarge the ability of charging and discharging currents.
As shown in Figure 2, electric voltage observation circuit 1 is made up of n bleeder circuit of same structure, each point above earth potential branch in the battery pack is depressed into+5V in, as the D1 among the figure, D2, D3 ..., shown in the Dn, send into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and handle.When battery pack is in when discharging and recharging operating state, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system output signal SW is a high level, triode Q
1nAnd Q
2nConducting, resistance R
1n, R
2nTo the cell voltage dividing potential drop, the Dn point voltage
U wherein
Q2nBe triode Q
2nTube voltage drop, be about 0.7V.When battery pack not when discharging and recharging operating state, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system output signal SW is a low level, triode Q
1nAnd Q
2nTurn-off, electric voltage observation circuit 1 is not worked, not the electric energy of consuming cells group.Other each point voltage such as U
CL1, U
CL2Measurement and U
CLnPrinciple identical.Like this, by electric voltage observation circuit 1 just each point above earth potential branch in the battery pack is depressed into+5V in, as the D1 among the figure, D2, D3 ..., shown in the Dn, send into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and handle.
As shown in Figure 3, during no charge and discharge electric current, record amplifier U5+IN pin voltage U
IN+, be about+1V about.When battery power discharge, U
IN+＜1V, and discharging current is big more, U
IN+More little.When batteries charging, U
IN+1V, and charging current is big more, U
IN+Big more.U
IN+Process amplifier U5 obtains amplifying, and becomes to discharge and recharge overcurrent signal C-SAMPLING, sends into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and handles.
As shown in Figure 4, temperature observation circuit is composed in series by resistance R 72 and anti-temperature coefficient thermistor RT, and RT is close to the lithium battery group and installs.When battery pack is in when discharging and recharging operating state, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system output signal SW is a high level, described temperature observation circuit work, and when battery pack temperature was lower than 65 ℃, RT was a high value, the temp signal is a high level; When battery pack temperature was higher than 65 ℃, RT became low resistance, and the temp signal is a low level.When battery pack not when discharging and recharging operating state, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system output signal SW is a low level, described temperature observation circuit is not worked, not the electric energy of consuming cells group.
As shown in Figure 5; described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system control section is the core of first order protection; it accepts the battery pack each point voltage to earth signal D1 of electric voltage observation circuit 1 output; D2; D3; Dn; the charging and discharging currents signal C-SAMPLING of current monitoring module 2 outputs; the battery pack temperature signal temp and the charging of temperature observation circuit 3 outputs wake up; discharge wakes the signal fault-keep with 5 outputs of fault holding circuit up; whether the charging and discharging state of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 analysis-by-synthesis battery pack is normal; and then output control charge switch Q11; the signal CO0 of discharge switch Q12 break-make; DO0; go back the control signal SW of output voltage observation circuit 1 and temperature observation circuit 3 work simultaneously, thereby reach the purpose of protection battery pack.As the I/O number of ports quantity not sufficient of single-chip microcomputer U1, can adopt the expansion module expansion.
Fig. 6 is the control flow chart of first order protective circuit; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is waken up, is discharged to wake up with key parameter situation of change such as fault inhibit signal and carry out analysis-by-synthesis according to the temperature monitoring signal and the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system charging of the charging and discharging currents monitor signal of the charging/discharging voltage monitor signal of each cell in the battery pack, battery pack, battery pack; thereby the break-make of control charging and discharging circuit reaches the purpose of protecting battery pack.
The method that described Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 is carried out analysis-by-synthesis is as follows:
(1), when battery pack not when discharging and recharging operating state, charging and discharging currents is 0, the charging and discharging currents signal C-SAMPLING of current monitoring module 2 outputs equals+3V, charging wakes up, discharging to wake up with the fault holding circuit is output as high level, then Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system keeps resting state, and charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 do not have drive signal and all be in off state.
(2), press switch and when needing battery power discharge or plugging charger to give batteries charging when electrical appliance, the charging signal fault-keep that wakes up with fault holding circuit output that wakes up, discharges sends 0 interrupt signal to Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system is waken up, and drives charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 conducting simultaneously.During charging, Q11 conducting, and Q12 synchronous rectification reduce the loss of Q12; During discharge, Q12 conducting, and Q11 synchronous rectification reduce the loss of Q11.
(3), when battery pack is operated in charging and discharging state, in case the charging overpressure situation takes place, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system with output signal D1, the D2 of analytical voltage observation circuit 1, D3 ..., Dn, after confirming the charging overpressure situation has taken place, change the drive signal of charging valve Q11, turn-off Q11, and discharge tube Q12 keeps conducting, this moment, battery pack can be discharged, but can not charge.When battery power discharge after be lower than the overvoltage protection value, Q11 is conducting again, this moment, battery pack can be discharged, and also can charge.
(4), when battery pack is operated in charging and discharging state, in case generation over-discharge situation, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system with output signal D1, the D2 of analytical voltage observation circuit 1, D3 ..., Dn, after confirming over-discharge situation has taken place, change the drive signal of discharge tube Q12, turn-off Q12, and charging valve Q11 keeps conducting, this moment, battery pack can be charged, but can not discharge.When batteries charging to be higher than put the protection value after, Q12 is conducting again, this moment battery pack can charge, also can discharge.
(5), when battery pack is operated in charged state; in case the unbalanced situation of charging takes place; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system with output signal D1, the D2 of analytical voltage observation circuit 1, D3 ..., Dn; after the difference of the voltage of confirming certain cell and other monomer battery voltages exceeds the protection value; the part that starts in the equalizing circuit 9 should cell is realized electric voltage equalization; difference up to this cell voltage and other monomer battery voltages has satisfied set point, just turn-offs equalizing circuit 9.
(6), when in a single day battery pack is short-circuited or discharges and recharges overcurrent situations, the output signal C-SAMPLING of current monitoring module 2 will will turn-off discharge tube Q12 (when short circuit or discharge over-current) or charging valve Q11 (during charge over-current) greater than the discharge set point or less than the charging set point after the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system analysis-by-synthesis.At this moment, the charging signal fault-keep that wakes up with fault holding circuit output that wakes up, discharges interrupts for one 0 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system again, makes Q12 or Q11 keep shutoff, disappears up to fault.
(7), when in a single day the excess temperature situation takes place in battery pack, the output signal temp of temperature monitoring module 3 will become low level, will turn-off discharge tube Q12 and charging valve Q11 after the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system analysis-by-synthesis.At this moment, the charging signal fault-keep that wakes up with fault holding circuit output that wakes up, discharges interrupts for one 0 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system again, makes Q12 and Q11 keep shutoff, disappears up to temperature fault.
As shown in Figure 7, among the present invention, the privacy protection chipset 7 of series connection constitutes the second level protection system of lithium ion battery group.When battery pack works under the normal charging and discharging state, privacy protection chip 71 ..., 7m COP and the equal output low level of DOP pin, through signal synthesis and drive circuit 6, make discharge tube Q12 and charging valve Q11 keep conducting; When arbitrary cell overcharges phenomenon, the COP pin of privacy protection chip becomes high level through time-delay by low level, through signal synthesis and drive circuit 6, make charging valve Q11 shutoff, discharge tube Q12 keep conducting, can discharge but can not charge this moment, overvoltage phenomenon up to this cell disappears, and the COP pin becomes low level by high level, charging valve Q11 conducting again through time-delay; When arbitrary cell generation overdischarge phenomenon, the DOP pin of privacy protection chip becomes high level through time-delay by low level, through signal synthesis and drive circuit 6, make discharge tube Q12 shutoff, charging valve Q11 keep conducting, can charge but can not discharge this moment, under voltage phenomenon up to this cell disappears, and the DOP pin becomes low level by high level, discharge tube Q12 conducting again through time-delay; When battery pack generation overcurrent phenomenon; the COP of privacy protection chip, DOP pin become high level through time-delay by low level; through signal synthesis and drive circuit 6; charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 are all turn-offed; can not charge and can not discharge this moment; overcurrent phenomenon up to battery pack disappears, and COP, DOP pin become low level by high level, charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 conducting again through time-delay.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of signal synthesis and drive circuit, carries out comprehensive the control signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 and 7 generations of privacy protection chipset and the electric current amplification, forms drive signal, drives charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 turn-on and turn-off.
The method of work of described signal synthesis and drive circuit is as follows:
(1), work under the normal charged state when battery pack, the charging control signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 outputs is a low level, and through triode Q27 paraphase, C-ON becomes high level; And the COP pin output low level of privacy protection chipset 7, enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q31 or Q37 conducting, C-ON also is a high level; Triode Q39, Q38 conducting, drive signal CC-ON is a high level, makes charging valve Q11 keep conducting.When battery pack works under the normal discharge condition, the discharge control signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 outputs is a low level, and through triode Q26 paraphase, DC-ON becomes high level; And the DOP pin output low level of privacy protection chipset 7, enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q33 or Q35 conducting, DC-ON also is a high level; Triode Q41, Q36 conducting, drive signal DCC-ON is a high level, makes discharge tube Q12 keep conducting.
(2), when arbitrary cell overcharges phenomenon, the charging control signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 output becomes high level, through triode Q27 paraphase, C-ON becomes low level; If for a certain reason, the control signal that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 produces can not make C-ON become low level, then charging valve Q11 can not turn-off, rise to the set point of privacy protection chip again when monomer battery voltage, the COP pin of privacy protection chip becomes high level through time-delay by low level, enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q31 or Q37 turn-off, and C-ON becomes low level; Triode Q39, Q38 turn-off, and drive signal CC-ON becomes low level, make charging valve Q11 shutoff, discharge tube Q12 keep conducting, can discharge but can not charge this moment, overvoltage phenomenon up to this cell disappears, and C-ON becomes high level by low level, charging valve Q11 conducting again.
(3), when arbitrary cell generation overdischarge phenomenon, the discharge control signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 outputs becomes high level, through triode Q26 paraphase, DC-ON becomes low level; If for a certain reason, the control signal that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 produces can not make DC-ON become low level, then discharge tube Q12 can not turn-off, drop to the set point of privacy protection chip again when monomer battery voltage, the DOP pin of privacy protection chip becomes high level through time-delay by low level, enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q33 or Q35 turn-off, and DC-ON becomes low level; Triode Q41, Q36 turn-off, and drive signal DCC-ON becomes low level, make discharge tube Q12 shutoff, charging valve Q11 keep conducting, can charge but can not discharge this moment, under voltage phenomenon up to this cell disappears, and DC-ON becomes high level by low level, discharge tube Q12 conducting again.
(4), when battery pack generation overcurrent phenomenon, the discharge control signal and the charging control signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 output all become high level, through triode Q26 and Q27 paraphase, DC-ON and C-ON all become low level; If for a certain reason, the control signal that Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 produces can not make DC-ON and C-ON become low level, then discharge tube Q12 and charging valve Q11 can not turn-off, rise to the set point of privacy protection chip again when the battery pack overcurrent, the DOP of privacy protection chip and COP pin become high level through time-delay by low level, and enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q33 or Q35 turn-off, and DC-ON becomes low level, and enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q31 or Q37 also turn-off, and C-ON also becomes low level; Triode Q41, Q36 turn-off, drive signal DCC-ON becomes low level, discharge tube Q12 is turn-offed, and triode Q39, Q38 turn-off, drive signal CC-ON becomes low level, charging valve Q11 is turn-offed, this moment, charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 all turn-offed, and can not charge and can not discharge, up to the overcurrent phenomenon disappearance of battery pack, COP, DOP pin become low level by high level, charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 conducting again through time-delay.
Fig. 9 wakes up, discharges and wake up and the fault holding circuit for charging, in order to save the consumption of protective circuit to the energy content of battery, in case when the behavior of discharging and recharging stopped to reach 3 minutes, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 just entered resting state.And when beginning to discharge and recharge behavior,, wake Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 up by the current wake-up mode.
Described charging wakes up, the method for work waken up with the fault holding circuit of discharging is as follows:
(1), when Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 transfers discharge condition to by resting state, press switch, then
Place's current potential becomes E+, triode Q23 conducting, fault-keep becomes low level by high level, interrupt for 4 one 0 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, wake Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system work up, the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system output signal is opened charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12, Q11 synchronous rectification simultaneously through signal synthesis and drive circuit 6, the Q12 operate as normal, battery pack works in discharge condition.
(2), when Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4 transfers charged state to by resting state, E+ connects the charger positive pole,
Connect the charger negative pole, beginning the moment of charging, triode Q1 bears the about 0.6V～1V of difference of charger voltage and battery voltage and conducting, fault-keep becomes low level by high level, interrupts for 4 one 0 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, wakes Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system work up, the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system output signal is opened charging valve Q11 and discharge tube Q12 simultaneously through signal synthesis and drive circuit 6, Q12 synchronous rectification, the Q11 operate as normal, battery pack works in charged state.
(3), be waken up when Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system 4, when battery pack is operated in charging and discharging state, interrupt if fault-keep occurs 0 again, then Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system will be judged as fault, will turn-off charging valve Q11 or discharge tube Q12 according to fault type, disappear until fault.
Because Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system has adopted resting state, when the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system dormancy, electric voltage observation circuit and temperature observation circuit are not worked yet, and like this, protective circuit declines to a great extent to the energy consumption of battery pack.When resting state, the quiescent current of whole protecting circuit (containing the I and II protection) is less, (as: quiescent current of 5 string lithium ion battery group protective circuits is less than 200 μ A).
Figure 10 is described equalizing circuit, and every joint cell one section resistance all in parallel is realized balanced.With battery B1 is example, and when the voltage difference of B1 and other cells did not have the exceed-action set point, the output signal CC1 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system was a low level, and triode Q4, Q2 turn-off, and equalizing resistance R26 does not work.In case when the voltage difference exceed-action set point of B1 and other cells, the output signal CC1 of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system becomes high level, triode Q4, Q2 are open-minded, and equalizing resistance R26 work is reduced in the setting until the voltage difference of B1 and other cells.
Claims (6)
1. two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack, it is characterized in that: by electric voltage observation circuit (1), current monitoring module (2) and temperature observation circuit (3) voltage, electric current and the temperature signal of lithium ion battery group are sent into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4), finish the signal measurement and the calculation process of first order protection; The voltage of lithium ion battery group, electric current and temperature signal are directly measured and are handled through privacy protection chipset (7), finish the signal measurement and the calculation process of second level protection; Privacy protection chipset (7) is sent into signal synthesis and drive circuit (6) with the result of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4), drives the action of charging valve (Q11) and discharge tube (Q12), makes lithium ion battery group operate as normal; When overcharging, when overdischarge or excess temperature phenomenon of the failure, turn-offing charging valve (Q11) or discharge tube (Q12), the excision fault is also reported to the police; The action set point that the action set point of second level protection is protected greater than the first order, but all in the safe range of lithium ion battery.
2. two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1), n monomer lithium ion battery (B1, B2 ..., Bn) series connection constitutes battery pack, by electric voltage observation circuit (1), with each point in the battery pack over the ground (0) current potential (CL1, CL2 ..., CLn), by different proportion change into 0～+ direct voltage D1, the D2 of 5V ..., Dn, send into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) and handle; The charging and discharging currents of battery pack produces signal C-SAMPLING by current monitoring module (2), sends into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) and handles; The temperature of battery pack produces signal temp by temperature observation circuit (3), sends into Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) and handles; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) output signal CO0, DO0 send into signal synthesis and drive circuit (6); Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) output signal CC1, CC2 ..., CCn, send into equalizing circuit (9), when the unbalanced situation of charging takes place, start equalizing circuit work;
(2), privacy protection chipset (7) by the first privacy protection chip (71), the second privacy protection chip (72) ..., a m privacy protection chip (7m) is in series, to each point in the battery pack over the ground (O) current potential (CL1, CL2 ..., CLn), the charging and discharging currents of battery pack and the temperature of battery pack handle, output signal CO1, DO1 ..., COm, DOm, send into signal synthesis and drive circuit (6);
(3), signal synthesis and drive circuit (6) are according to the input signal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) and privacy protection chipset (7); produce drive signal CC-ON and DCC-ON; drive charge power pipe (Q11) and discharge power pipe (Q12), make the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) operate as normal or excision fault and report to the police.
3. two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the lithium ion battery group is in non-charging and discharging state, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) works in resting state, and electric voltage observation circuit (1) and temperature observation circuit (3) also are in resting state simultaneously; In case the lithium ion battery group discharges and recharges behavior, will wake up by charging, discharge and wake up and fault holding circuit (5), wake Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) work up.
4. two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) overcharge, when overdischarge or excess temperature failure condition, to at first send guard signal, implement first order protection by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4); If Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) can not in time send guard signal, or the guard signal that sends do not work, and then passes through certain time-delay, sends guard signal by privacy protection chipset (7), implements second level protection; The action set point that the action set point of second level protection is protected greater than the first order, but all in the safe range of lithium ion battery.
5. two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the lithium ion battery group (B1, B2 ..., Bn) by voltage stabilizing circuit (8) generation+5V stabilized power supply, offer Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4), current monitoring module (2), temperature observation circuit (3) and charging and wake up, discharge to wake up and use with fault holding circuit (5).
6. realize the circuit of the said two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack of claim 1, comprise Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) and privacy protection chipset (7), be connected in the electric voltage observation circuit (1) of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) input, current monitoring module (2), temperature observation circuit (3) and charging wake up, discharge wakes up and fault holding circuit (5), equalizing circuit (9) and by the control of signal synthesis and drive circuit (6), charging valve of connecting (Q11) and discharge tube (Q12) with battery pack, it is characterized in that: the result of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) and privacy protection chipset (7) is all sent into signal synthesis and drive circuit (6), produce the drive signal CC-ON and the DCC-ON of charging valve (Q11) and discharge tube (Q12), thereby drive charging valve (Q11) and discharge tube (Q12); During fault, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (4) is sent guard signal earlier, when for a certain reason, discharges and recharges main circuit and does not move, and fault there is not excision, and at this moment, privacy protection chipset (7) will send guard signal, drives to discharge and recharge the main circuit action, the excision fault.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102349774A CN101399442B (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2008-11-05 | Two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof |
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| CN2008102349774A CN101399442B (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2008-11-05 | Two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof |
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| CN101399442A CN101399442A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| CN101399442B true CN101399442B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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| US10439409B2 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-10-08 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Enhanced parallel protection circuit |
| CN110061479B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2022-01-04 | 富满微电子集团股份有限公司 | Lithium battery protection system and protection method |
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Assignee: Zhenjiang Jiangda Science and Technologies Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2011320000186 Denomination of invention: Two-stage protection method for lithium ionic battery pack and circuit thereof Granted publication date: 20100811 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090401 Record date: 20110308 |
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