Engineering machinery hydraulic components is made comprehensive measuring method and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method, particularly a kind of engineering machinery hydraulic components is made comprehensive measuring method and device.
Background technology
In development that engineering machinery hydraulic components is made and producing, in order to guarantee the quality of product, need be to the measurement of testing of each product.The part that is each model now all needs a cover special measuring tool, the product of producing has up to a hundred models at present, only measuring tool and the anchor clamps at different model just have a lot, increased the workload of measuring tool keeping, a kind of new product type of every exploitation just also will manufacture and design simultaneously the new measuring tool of a cover, has increased the development cost of new product, also prolong the trial-produce period of product, influenced work efficiency.It is inaccurate that existing in addition measuring tool also has the measured value that causes because of accumulated error, different people or same individual measure to such an extent that value all has very big difference at every turn, as have only the product of 0.05mm for tolerance, can produce the error of 0.15~0.2mm, the measurement centre that the processor have to take product upper level goes further measurement, both having delayed the time also increases the workload of measurement unit, simultaneously the spot check of also inconvenient processor or check.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of engineering machinery hydraulic components to make comprehensive measuring method and device.The present invention only needs can finish once the cover measuring tool the various accurate detection of all type products, development cost and the cycle that can reduce product, improves development and production efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention: engineering machinery hydraulic components is made comprehensive measuring method, it is characterized in that: this method is by making up a comprehensive measurement device and using the routine measurement instrument to finish measurement to various engineering machinery hydraulic components; Comprehensive measurement device comprises platform, and platform is provided with column, and dial framework is installed on the column; Column is divided into vertical columns and removable column, and removable column can move by gathering sill on platform, and fixes by clamping nut and platform; Also be provided with measuring staff positioning component, perpendicular positioning assembly and horizontal location assembly that tested part is positioned on the comprehensive measurement device.
Above-mentioned engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measuring method, described perpendicular positioning assembly comprises the removable column of being with directional plane, column is provided with the dial framework of band directional bolt, be fixed with the locating shaft of band spring on the dial framework, below the locating shaft vertical line, be provided with " V " type supporting base that is fixed on the platform; Directional plane and directional bolt are guaranteed the circular cone center of locating shaft on the dial framework and the central lines of lower end " V " type supporting base; Spring is arranged on the locating shaft, both can apply downward power, tested part is rotated, be convenient to measure the value of part along each point of circumferential surface to part.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measuring method, and described measuring staff positioning component comprises the coarse pitch column, and lower limit ring, measuring staff, spring and upper limit ring are installed on the coarse pitch column successively; The coarse pitch column can move along platform, and measuring staff can move up and down and/or rotate on the coarse pitch column, and measuring staff is the transiting rod of measuring, and spring is that measuring staff applies uniform pressure, guarantees the degree of accuracy of measured value; The pressure of upper limit ring regulating spring, lower limit ring can limit the distance that measuring staff moves up and down and limit measuring staff and rotate on the coarse pitch column.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measuring method, described horizontal location assembly comprises the support bar that is fixed on the platform, and support bar is provided with swivel nut, is rotary with backstay in the swivel nut, backstay is provided with set nut, in order to limit the horizontal level of tested part.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measuring method, described comprehensive measurement device also comprises one through improved V-block, this V-block is that the rectangular slot with standard V-block side carries out parallel alignment, makes the right angle of conventional bevel protractor to be fixed in the groove.
Engineering machinery hydraulic components is made comprehensive measurement device, and it comprises platform 1, and platform 1 is provided with gathering sill 2; The one or more removable column 4 that platform 1 is provided with one or more vertical columns 3 and can slides in gathering sill 2; Column is provided with the dial framework 5 that can slide up and down, and dial framework 5 is provided with mounting hole 6, and mounting hole 6 and platform 1 perpendicular or parallel setting are fixed with the conventional measuring tool or the perpendicular positioning assembly 7 of replaceable gauge head in the mounting hole 6; Also be provided with measuring staff positioning component 8, horizontal location assembly 9 on the platform 1.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measurement device, described perpendicular positioning assembly 7 constitutes the removable column 4 that comprises the band directional plane that is fixed on the platform 1, the removable column 4 of band directional plane is provided with the dial framework 5 of band directional bolt, be fixed with the locating shaft 7 of band spring on the dial framework 5 of band directional bolt, on the platform 1 below the locating shaft 7 of band spring, be provided with " V " type supporting base 11; The locating shaft 7 of band spring comprises locating shaft 12 and handle 13, and locating shaft 12 1 ends are provided with addendum cone 14, are with spring 15 on the locating shaft 12, and the mounting hole 6 that passes on the dial framework 5 is threaded with handle 13.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measurement device, described measuring staff positioning component 8 formations comprise the coarse pitch column 16 that is fixed on the platform 1, be with lower limit ring 17, measuring staff 18 and stage clip 19 on the coarse pitch column 16, be with upper limit ring 20 on the coarse pitch column 16 of stage clip 19 upper ends, lower limit ring 17 and upper limit ring 20 are screwed on coarse pitch column 16.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measurement device, described horizontal location assembly 9 formations comprise the support bar 21 that is fixed on the platform 1, support bar 21 is provided with swivel nut 22, and swivel nut 22 inward turnings have gag lever post 23, and gag lever post 23 is provided with set nut 24.
Aforesaid engineering machinery hydraulic components is made in the comprehensive measurement device, and the conventional measuring tool of described replaceable gauge head is meant dial gauge or clock gauge 25, and its gauge head has sphere gauge outfit 26, " V " type gauge outfit 27 or cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28; Comprehensive measurement device also comprises one through improved V-block 10, is fixed with conventional bevel protractor 30 on improved V-block 10.
Compared with prior art, because the present invention only needs can finish the parts manufacturings such as core members plunger part, plunger assembly, center-pole of engineering machinery hydraulic high-pressure plunger pump, motor, various accurate detection when keeping in repair once the cover measuring tool, the development cost and the cycle of product be can reduce, development and production efficiency improved.Accomplish one-object-many-purposes, reduced the cost that jig Design is made, shortened the trial-produce period of product, also alleviated administrator's labour intensity.Use the present invention can reduce the influence of accumulated error, also improved the accuracy in detection of product, further guaranteed product quality measuring.The present invention also has the function of common platform except carrying out special measurement, cooperates some survey instruments commonly used again, can also carry out part length, diameter, beats, rib degree, centre of sphere distance, end play, pivot angle measure.The present invention is a kind of comprehensive platform.It has the advantage that volume is little, function is many, applicability is wide, manufacturing expense is cheap, and easy and simple to handle, and indicating value is directly perceived.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is side views of accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is synoptic diagram of perpendicular positioning assembly among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is synoptic diagram of measuring staff positioning component among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is synoptic diagram of horizontal location assembly among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is dial gauge or the clock gauges that use the sphere gauge outfit among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 7 is dial gauge or the clock gauges that use the V-type gauge outfit among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 8 is dial gauge or the clock gauges that use the cylindrical hole gauge outfit among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 9 is method figure of measurement column plug assembly pivot angle of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 10 is method figure that measurement column plunger member centre of sphere distance of the present invention, axial float are measured;
Accompanying drawing 11 is the centre of sphere of the present invention measuring method figure apart from L;
Accompanying drawing 12 is centre of sphere distance measurement method figure of the long center-pole of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 13 is method figure that rib degree of the present invention is measured.
Being labeled as in the accompanying drawing: 1-platform, 2-gathering sill, 3-vertical columns, the removable column of 4-, 5-dial framework, 6-mounting hole, 7-perpendicular positioning assembly, 8-measuring staff positioning component, 9-horizontal location assembly, 10-is through improved V-block, 11-" V " type supporting base, 12-locating shaft, the 13-handle, 14-spring, 15-addendum cone, 16-coarse pitch column, 17-lower limit ring, 18-measuring staff, the 19-stage clip, 20-upper limit ring, 21-support bar, the 22-swivel nut, 23-backstay, 24-set nut, 25-dial gauge or clock gauge, 26-sphere gauge outfit, 27-" V " type gauge outfit, 28-cylindrical hole gauge outfit, 29-standard V-block, the conventional bevel protractor of 30-, the 31-plunger assembly, the 32-crawler shoe, 33-measures face, the 34-bulb, 35-plunger rod, 36-measured piece.
Embodiment
Embodiment.Engineering machinery hydraulic components is made comprehensive measuring method and measurement mechanism.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, this method is by making up a comprehensive measurement device and using the routine measurement instrument to finish measurement to various engineering machinery hydraulic components; Comprehensive measurement device comprises platform 1, and platform 1 is provided with column, and dial framework 5 is installed on the column; Column is divided into vertical columns 3 and removable column 4, and vertical columns 3 is an interference fit with platform 1, and its position is fixed, and is not removable.Removable column 4 can move by gathering sill 2 on platform 1, and fixing by clamping nut and platform 1; Also be provided with measuring staff positioning component 8, perpendicular positioning assembly 7 and horizontal location assembly 9 that tested part is positioned on the comprehensive measurement device.
Above-mentioned perpendicular positioning assembly as shown in Figure 3, comprise the removable column 4 of being with directional plane, directional plane on the column is to guarantee the circular cone center of the locating shaft on the dial framework 5 and the central lines of lower end " V " type supporting base 11, and is vertical with the measuring staff plane when measuring to keep part.Column is provided with the dial framework 5 of band directional bolt, because the screw orientation is arranged, can guarantee the relative position of locating shaft and " V " type supporting base 11, and other screw can be used for the clamping and positioning axle, locatees so that the play of selected locating shaft and folder are dead.Be fixed with the locating shaft of band spring on the dial framework 5, below the locating shaft vertical line, be provided with " V " type supporting base 11 that is fixed on the platform; V-type is meant that profile that supporting base contacts with part is to be made of a taper hole of 90 ° because circular cone has Self-centering Action, make it with the locating shaft combination of upper end after, the position of part when measurement determined.Directional plane and directional bolt are guaranteed the circular cone center of locating shaft on the dial framework 5 and the central lines of lower end " V " type supporting base 11; Spring is arranged on the locating shaft, both can apply downward pressure to get rid of artificial factor, guarantee the degree of accuracy of measured value part., tested part is rotated, be convenient to measure the value of part along each point of circumferential surface.
Aforesaid measuring staff positioning component comprises lower limit ring 17, measuring staff 18, spring 14 and upper limit ring 20 are installed on coarse pitch column 16, the coarse pitch column 16 successively as shown in Figure 4; Coarse pitch column 16 can move along platform 1, the transition when measuring staff 18 is used to measure, and one end gauge head inserts in the groove of part, and the other end contacts with meter, with the relative position of reflection groove.Measuring staff 18 can move up and down and/or rotate on coarse pitch column 16, and spring 14 is uniform pressure for measuring staff applies, and guarantees the degree of accuracy of measured value; The pressure of upper limit ring 20 adjustable springs, lower limit ring 17 can limit the distance that measuring staff moves up and down and limit measuring staff and rotate on coarse pitch column 16.
Aforesaid horizontal location assembly comprises the support bar 21 that is fixed on the platform as shown in Figure 5, and support bar 21 is provided with swivel nut 22, is rotary with backstay 23 in the swivel nut 22, and backstay 23 is provided with set nut 24, in order to limit the horizontal level of tested part.Aforesaid comprehensive measurement device also comprises one through improved V-block 10, and this V-block is that the rectangular slot with standard V-block side carries out parallel alignment, makes the right angle of conventional bevel protractor to be fixed in the groove.
Make the measurement mechanism that comprehensive measuring method makes up according to aforementioned engineering machinery hydraulic components, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it comprises platform 1, and platform 1 is provided with gathering sill 2; The one or more removable column 4 that platform 1 is provided with one or more vertical columns 3 and can slides in gathering sill 2; Column is provided with the dial framework 5 that can slide up and down, and dial framework 5 is provided with mounting hole 6, and mounting hole 6 and platform 1 perpendicular or parallel setting are fixed with the conventional measuring tool or the perpendicular positioning assembly 7 of replaceable gauge head in the mounting hole 6; Also be provided with measuring staff positioning component 8, horizontal location assembly 9 on the platform 1 and through improved V-block 10.
Above-mentioned perpendicular positioning assembly 7 as shown in Figure 3, constitute the removable column 4 that comprises the band directional plane that is fixed on the platform 1, the removable column 4 of band directional plane is provided with the dial framework 5 of band directional bolt, be fixed with the locating shaft 7 of band spring on the dial framework 5 of band directional bolt, on the platform 1 below the locating shaft 7 of band spring, be provided with " V " type supporting base 11; The locating shaft 7 of band spring comprises locating shaft 12 and handle 13, and locating shaft 12 1 ends are provided with addendum cone 14, are with spring 15 on the locating shaft 12, and the mounting hole 6 that passes on the dial framework 5 is threaded with handle 13.
Aforesaid measuring staff positioning component 8 as shown in Figure 4, constitute and comprise the coarse pitch column 16 that is fixed on the platform 1, be with lower limit ring 17, measuring staff 18 and stage clip 19 on the coarse pitch column 16, be with upper limit ring 20 on the coarse pitch column 16 of stage clip 19 upper ends, lower limit ring 17 and upper limit ring 20 are screwed on coarse pitch column 16.
Aforesaid horizontal location assembly 9 constitutes and to comprise the support bar 21 that is fixed on the platform 1 as shown in Figure 5, and support bar 21 is provided with swivel nut 22, and swivel nut 22 inward turnings have gag lever post 23, and gag lever post 23 is provided with set nut 24.
The conventional measuring tool of aforesaid replaceable gauge head is meant dial gauge or clock gauge 25, and its gauge head has sphere gauge outfit 26 as shown in Figure 6, " V " type gauge outfit 27 or cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28 as shown in Figure 8 as shown in Figure 7; On improved V-block 10, be fixed with conventional bevel protractor 30.
Several typical measuring method that below is to use the present invention to measure:
1, measurement column plug assembly pivot angle method, as shown in Figure 9.
Conventional bevel protractor 30 corrections are fixed on the standard V-block 29 that carried out parallel alignment, and make the vertical edges of bevel protractor 30 vertical with platform 1.The standard V-block 29 that will carry out parallel alignment is placed on the platform 1.Measured plunger assembly 31 is also placed on the platform 1, make its crawler shoe 32 pivot angle under state of nature be in maximum rating, hold plunger assembly 31 then and push the measurement face 33 of bevel protractor 30 to, adjust bevel protractor 30, make measurement face parallel with crawler shoe 32 large end faces (can by the printing opacity inspection).Reading the indicating value on the bevel protractor 30 then, promptly is the pivot angle of this plunger assembly 31.
2, plunger part centre of sphere distance, axial float measuring method, as shown in figure 10.
Dial gauge or clock gauge 25 are placed on the dial framework 5, use " V " type gauge outfit 27 instead; Centre of sphere measured value and the size correction dial gauge of bulb or the pointer position of clock gauge 25 according to standard component.Plunger assembly 31 is placed on " V " type gauge outfit 27 times, and adjusts the position, at this moment can read the centre of sphere of this part apart from (this value must be to repeat, and metastable value) according to the indicating value on the table.
At the adjustment centre of sphere after measure, remember indicating value on dial gauge or the clock gauge 25, left hand is held the cylinder part of plunger assembly 31 then, make its end face and platform 1 paste the jail, the bulb 34 of catching plunger assembly 31 with the right hand firmly draws along the direction vertical with platform 1, see the indicating value on dial gauge or the clock gauge 25, the difference of it and the indicating value when static is exactly the axial float value of plunger assembly.
3, the centre of sphere is apart from the L measuring method, as shown in figure 11.
The method is used to calculate the centre of sphere distance that has facet plunger rod 35, has degree of precision.By shown in Figure 11 dial gauge or clock gauge are installed on the vertical columns earlier during concrete the measurement, and gauge outfit is replaced with cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28, plunger rod 35 is placed on the cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28 times, the interior pore radius of known cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28 is R ', adjust the indicating value of the pointer of dial gauge or clock gauge 25, and write down this indicating value; Cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28 times, and the indicating value that makes dial gauge or clock gauge 25 as far as possible and close the getting final product of indicating value of measured piece with the slip gauge pad.
Piece+ L
Table=L '
Bulb radius R with miking plunger rod 35
Calculate:
In the formula: L plunger rod 35 large end faces are to the distance of the centre of sphere
L ' plunger rod 35 large end faces are to the length of cylindrical hole gauge outfit 28 end faces.
4, the centre of sphere distance measurement method of long center-pole, as shown in figure 12.(removable column 4 and all be removable column, establish) in order to measure the part that varies in size at pitch column 16
By distance and the angle that will adjust removable column 4 and measuring staff positioning component 8 shown in Figure 12, standard component by shown in Figure 12, is placed between " V " type supporting base 11 and the perpendicular positioning assembly 9, and guarantees the verticality of standard component.After the actual value of standard component and technological requirement value relatively revised, set up the pointer position of dial gauge or clock gauge 25.Then measured piece 36 is changed, seen the indicating value of dial gauge or clock gauge 25, this indicating value promptly is the centre distance of measured piece 36.This method is to compare and measure, and its key is that the adjustment of measuring staff positioning component 8 is fixed.
5, the method and the endoporus method for measuring coaxiality to foreign round of the measurement of rib degree, as shown in figure 13.
By shown in Figure 13, measured piece 36 is placed on the standard V-block 29, and horizontal location assembly 9.Slowly rotate measured piece 36, it promptly is the right alignment of this part that the indicating value of dial gauge or clock gauge 25 changes.This method also can be measured the rib degree of prismatic part.
The present invention also has the function of common platform: except that the measuring method of the above part parts of introducing, can also measure part length, diameter, beat, end play, pivot angle etc.The constructed comprehensive measurement device of the present invention cooperates other routine measurement instrument and annex thereof to measure various parts, has multiple function, has both reduced the volume of whole measuring tool, has simplified design and manufacturing cost, makes operation have more hommization.Easy and simple to handle is its maximum characteristic, and indicating value intuitively is its maximum bright spot.