CN101392981A - Method and apparatus for obtaining liquid nitrogen by utilizing liquefied natural gas cold energy - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for obtaining liquid nitrogen by utilizing liquefied natural gas cold energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101392981A CN101392981A CNA2008101218605A CN200810121860A CN101392981A CN 101392981 A CN101392981 A CN 101392981A CN A2008101218605 A CNA2008101218605 A CN A2008101218605A CN 200810121860 A CN200810121860 A CN 200810121860A CN 101392981 A CN101392981 A CN 101392981A
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- gas device
- natural gas
- exchange gas
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-BJUDXGSMSA-N Nitrogen-13 Chemical compound [13N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-OUBTZVSYSA-N Ammonia-15N Chemical compound [15NH3] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013410 fast food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-NJFSPNSNSA-N nitrogen-16 Chemical compound [16NH3] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
- F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining liquid nitrogen by utilization of the cooling capacity of liquefied natural gas. The method at least comprises the following steps: raw material nitrogen and the liquefied natural gas perform heat exchange in a natural gas heat exchanger; and the raw material nitrogen which is led out of an air separation unit or an external nitrogen pipe is compressed by a nitrogen turbocompressor, enters into a nitrogen channel of the natural gas heat exchanger for heat exchange, and is cooled by returned cold flow. The device consists of a low-temperature nitrogen circulator, the nitrogen turbocompressor, the natural gas heat exchanger, a high-temperature booster expansion turbine, a low-temperature booster expansion turbine, a gas-liquid separator and a liquid nitrogen subcooler. The method and the device fully utilize the high-quality cold energy of the liquefied natural gas, and can economically obtain liquid nitrogen; and the power consumption of the device in producing 1 kilogram of the liquid nitrogen is only 0.24 kilowatt per hour while the power consumption of the prior air separation unit in producing 1 kilogram of the liquid nitrogen is between 0.6 and 0.8 kilowatt per hour, so that the device has the characteristics of obvious energy-saving effect and so on.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of cold energy of liquefied natural gas to be recycled, and to obtain the method and the device of low temperature liquid nitrogen, belongs to the cryogenic technique field.
Background technology
The main component of liquefied natural gas is a methane, and hydrocarbons such as a spot of ethene, ethane, and their are through depickling, processed, and behind the low-temperature liquefaction, its minimum temperature is-162 ℃.Usually, liquefied natural gas is transported to the natural gas line on land and need vaporizes in seawater before, and liquefied natural gas is converted into gaseous state by liquid state and will discharges a large amount of cold (latent heat) in the vaporescence.Under 8MPa pressure, liquefied natural gas is 830kJ/kg from liquid-162 ℃ colds that discharge when vaporizing 27 ℃ of environment temperatures.If, not only can overcome local marine site low temperature pollution problems, can also make that the energy is recycling avoids energy waste, thereby obtain great social benefit and economic benefit the like this huge cold recovery of liquefied natural gas.
Nitrogen is mainly used in protective atmosphere, the protection of the inertia in Chemical Manufacture gas, grain stocking, fast food freezing preservation, fruit freshness preserving and the electronics industry etc. of synthetic ammonia, metal heat treatmet.The industrial process of liquid nitrogen is to adopt low temperature processing, produces refrigeration effect by electric power or the acting of steam drive turbocompressor.If the cold recovery of liquefied natural gas is used to substitute the mechanical refrigeration effect of part electric power or steam engine acting, will obtain the liquid nitrogen of cheapness so.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome conventional method and obtain the shortcoming that liquid nitrogen need consume a large amount of electric energy, and provide a kind of cold energy of liquefied natural gas that can make full use of, with the method and apparatus of this cold recovery with the acquisition liquid nitrogen, and this method is easy to adapt to existing for producing conventional liquid nitrogen designed system.
The objective of the invention is to finish by following technical solution, the described method of utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen, this method is that raw nitrogen gas and liquefied natural gas are carried out heat exchange at least in the heat exchange gas device, the channel of nitrogen that described raw nitrogen gas of drawing from air separation unit or outside nitrogen pipeline enters the heat exchange gas device after through the nitrogen gas turbine compressor compresses carries out heat exchange, the cold fluid cooling of being backflowed;
The nitrogen that is cooled is extracted out from the middle and upper part of heat exchange gas device, is sent to send into the heat exchange gas device once more after the low temperature nitrogen circulator compresses the cold fluid cooling of being backflowed;
Cooled nitrogen extract out from the middle part of heat exchange gas device and and be divided into two strands of nitrogen fluids, one nitrogen fluid enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander pressurized end and is compressed, another strand nitrogen fluid then enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander expanding end and is inflated;
After the cold nitrogen fluid that enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander pressurized end is compressed, return the heat exchange gas device once more, extract out from the middle part of heat exchange gas device the cold fluid cooling back of being backflowed, and sends into the low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine pressurized end and compress;
After sending into the nitrogen compression of low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine pressurized end, be divided into two strands of nitrogen fluids, be back into the heat exchange gas device once more, after the cold fluid cooling that one nitrogen fluid is backflowed, extract out from the middle and lower part of heat exchange gas device, directly deliver to the low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine expanding end and be inflated; After the cold fluid cooling that another strand nitrogen fluid is backflowed, extract out,, produce liquid nitrogen by the choke valve throttling expansion from the bottom of heat exchange gas device;
Described liquid nitrogen enters vapour liquid separator; Extract liquid nitrogen out from the vapour liquid separator bottom, enter liquid nitrogen storage after the liquid nitrogen subcooler cooling, perhaps the medium pressure column for air separation unit provides low-temperature receiver.
After the described cold nitrogen fluid that enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander expanding end is inflated, send into the heat exchange gas device from the middle part of heat exchange gas device, hot fluid heat exchange with drag flow, extract out in hot junction from the heat exchange gas device after the re-heat, deliver to the low temperature nitrogen circulator and compress, and form high temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.
Extract out described middle and lower part from the heat exchange gas device, deliver to the liquid nitrogen that nitrogen that the low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine expanding end is inflated and throttling produce and be merged into a fluid streams, enter vapour liquid separator together, extract nitrogen out at this vapour liquid separator top, enter the hot nitrogen heat exchange of heat exchange gas device and drag flow, converge with other nitrogen fluid after the re-heat and return the heat exchange gas device, enter the low temperature nitrogen circulator after the heat exchange cooling, and form low-temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle with equal pressure.
A kind of device that utilizes cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen, this device includes a heat exchange gas device at least, wherein has a heat exchange gas runner at least, also be provided with four nitrogen heat exchange runners on the described heat exchange gas device at least, wherein be provided with the low temperature nitrogen circulator between the first and second heat exchange runners, be provided with the high temperature pressurised turbo-expander between the second and the 3rd heat exchange runner, be provided with low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine between the third and fourth heat exchange runner; The nitrogen that comes out through the 4th heat exchange runner is connected to a choke valve, is connected to a subcooler after being connected to a vapour liquid separator again.
The expanding end of described high temperature pressurised turbo-expander be connected to be provided with in the heat exchange gas device can with first of the drag flow hot fluid heat exchange runner that backflows; The expanding end import of described low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine is connected on the heat exchange gas device with the 4th heat exchange runner and picks out on the 5th heat exchange runner that comes, and its expanding end outlet is connected on the described vapour liquid separator.
The top of described vapour liquid separator is connected to second backflowing on the runner of being provided with in the heat exchange gas device mutually, and flow out this second backflow behind the runner with first backflow nitrogen that runner flows out and connect after again with the raw nitrogen gas tandem.
The invention belongs to a kind of improvement to prior art, it has made full use of the high-grade cold energy of liquefied natural gas, can obtain liquid nitrogen economically; The electric consumption of producing 1 kilogram of liquid nitrogen is 0.24 kilowatt. hour, and 1 kilogram of liquid nitrogen electric consumption of traditional air-separating plant production is 0.6～0.8 kilowatt. hour, be 2.5～3.3 times of device power consumption proposed by the invention.Therefore, patent of the present invention if can be applied, and will obtain great economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a technological process schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.The device that utilizes cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen of the present invention which comprises at least a cold energy of liquefied natural gas retracting device of mainly being made up of low temperature nitrogen circulator, nitrogen gas turbine compressor, heat exchange gas device, high temperature pressurised turbo-expander, low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine, vapour liquid separator and liquid nitrogen subcooler.Described heat exchange gas device, wherein has a heat exchange gas runner at least, also be provided with four nitrogen heat exchange runners on the described heat exchange gas device at least, wherein be provided with the low temperature nitrogen circulator between the first and second heat exchange runners, be provided with the high temperature pressurised turbo-expander between the second and the 3rd heat exchange runner, be provided with low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine between the third and fourth heat exchange runner; The nitrogen that comes out through the 4th heat exchange runner is connected to a choke valve, is connected to a subcooler after being connected to a vapour liquid separator again.
The expanding end of described high temperature pressurised turbo-expander be connected to be provided with in the heat exchange gas device can with first of the drag flow hot fluid heat exchange runner that backflows; The expanding end import of described low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine is connected on the heat exchange gas device with the 4th heat exchange runner and picks out on the 5th heat exchange runner that comes, and its expanding end outlet is connected on the described vapour liquid separator.
The top of described vapour liquid separator is connected to second backflowing on the runner of being provided with in the heat exchange gas device mutually, and flow out this second backflow behind the runner with first backflow nitrogen that runner flows out and connect after again with the raw nitrogen gas tandem.
Heat exchange gas device of the present invention, high temperature pressurised turbo-expander and low temperature nitrogen circulator are connected into high temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.
Described heat exchange gas device, low temperature nitrogen circulator, high temperature pressurised turbo-expander, low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine, vapour liquid separator and liquid nitrogen subcooler are connected into low-temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.
Shown in the accompanying drawing 1, no oil, the dustless raw nitrogen gas 1 of drawing from air separation unit or outside nitrogen pipeline merge into nitrogen 3 with the nitrogen 2 that backflows, and are compressed to 5～10bar, 5bar the best through nitrogen gas turbine compressor 4; Nitrogen 3 merges into nitrogen 6 with the nitrogen 7 that backflows, and nitrogen 6 enters heat exchange gas device 8 and carries out heat exchange, the cold fluid cooling of being backflowed.
The nitrogen 6 that is cooled is extracted out from the middle and upper part of heat exchange gas device, and the temperature of nitrogen 9 is 180～220K, 180K the best; Nitrogen 9 is sent to low temperature nitrogen circulator 10 and is compressed to 25～35bar, 30bar the best; Nitrogen 11 after the compression is sent into heat exchange gas device 8 once more, the cold fluid cooling of being backflowed.
Cooled nitrogen 12 extract out from the middle part of heat exchange gas device 8 and and be divided into two strands of nitrogen 13,15, nitrogen 13 enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander pressurized end 14 and is compressed into 35～40bar, 40bar the best; 15 of nitrogen enter high temperature pressurised turbo-expander expanding end 17 and are inflated into nitrogen 18.
After the cold nitrogen 13 that enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander pressurized end 14 is compressed, nitrogen 16 returns heat exchange gas device 8 once more, extract out from the middle part of heat exchange gas device 8 the cold fluid cooling back of being backflowed, and sends into low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine pressurized end 20 and compress.
The nitrogen 19 of sending into low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine pressurized end 20 is compressed to 50～60bar, 55bar the best, nitrogen 21 is divided into two strands of nitrogen 22,37, return heat exchange gas device 8 once more, after the cold fluid cooling that nitrogen 22 is backflowed, extract out, directly deliver to low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine expanding end 23 and be inflated from the middle and lower part of heat exchange gas device 8; After the cold fluid cooling that nitrogen 37 is backflowed, extract out from the bottom of heat exchange gas device 8, by choke valve 27 throttling expansions, back nitrogen 26 pressure that expand are 5 ~ 10bar, 5bar the best.
After the cold nitrogen 15 that enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander expanding end 17 was inflated, nitrogen 18 pressure were 5～10bar, 5bar the best; Send into heat exchange gas device 8 from the middle part of heat exchange gas device 8, with the hot fluid heat exchange of drag flow, extract out in the hot junction from heat exchange gas device 8 after the re-heat, converges with nitrogen 5,38, nitrogen 6 is delivered to low temperature nitrogen circulator 10 and is compressed, and forms high temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.High temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle is mainly connected by heat exchange gas device, high temperature pressurised turbo-expander, low temperature nitrogen circulator and pipeline and forms.
Nitrogen 22 is extracted out from the middle and lower part of heat exchange gas device 8, delivers to low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine expanding end 23 and expand into nitrogen 24, and nitrogen 24 merges with throttling nitrogen 26, and nitrogen 25 enters vapour liquid separator 28.
Extract liquid nitrogen 30 from vapour liquid separator 28 bottoms out, after liquid nitrogen subcooler 29 coolings, can be divided into two strands of liquid nitrogen 31,32.Liquid nitrogen 31 can enter liquid nitrogen storage 34, also can enter the medium pressure column of air separation unit 35, as the external source of air separation unit.
Extract nitrogen out from vapour liquid separator 28 tops, enter the hot fluid heat exchange of heat exchange gas device 8 and drag flow, flow out heat exchange gas device 8 after the re-heat, nitrogen 38 converges with other nitrogen that backflows, and return and enter heat exchange gas device 8, cold fluid heat exchange with backflowing enters low temperature nitrogen circulator 10 after the cooling, form low-temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.Low-temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle is mainly connected by heat exchange gas device, low temperature nitrogen circulator, high temperature pressurised turbo-expander, low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine, vapour liquid separator, liquid nitrogen subcooler and pipeline and forms.
The pressure of liquefied natural gas 39 can enter 8 heat exchange of heat exchange gas device in 4.0～9.5MPa scope, draw heat exchange gas device 8 with gaseous form nitrogen 40 after the re-heat, enters natural-gas transfer pipeline.
The foregoing description only is a preferred implementation of the present invention, for this cold energy of liquefied natural gas retracting device, can make various modification or optimization, and these also are protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method of utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen, this method is that raw nitrogen gas and liquefied natural gas are carried out heat exchange at least in the heat exchange gas device, it is characterized in that:
The channel of nitrogen that A, described raw nitrogen gas of drawing from air separation unit or outside nitrogen pipeline enter the heat exchange gas device after through the nitrogen gas turbine compressor compresses carries out heat exchange, the cold fluid cooling of being backflowed;
B, the nitrogen that is cooled are extracted out from the middle and upper part of heat exchange gas device, are sent to and send into the heat exchange gas device once more after the low temperature nitrogen circulator compresses, the cold fluid cooling of being backflowed;
C, cooled nitrogen extract out from the middle part of heat exchange gas device and and be divided into two strands of nitrogen fluids, one nitrogen fluid enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander pressurized end and is compressed, another strand nitrogen fluid then enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander expanding end and is inflated;
After D, the cold nitrogen fluid that enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander pressurized end are compressed, return the heat exchange gas device once more, extract out from the middle part of heat exchange gas device the cold fluid cooling back of being backflowed, and sends into the low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine pressurized end and compress;
E, send into the nitrogen compression of low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine pressurized end after, be divided into two strands of nitrogen fluids, be back into the heat exchange gas device once more, after the cold fluid cooling that one nitrogen fluid is backflowed, extract out from the middle and lower part of heat exchange gas device, directly deliver to the low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine expanding end and be inflated; After the cold fluid cooling that another strand nitrogen fluid is backflowed, extract out,, produce liquid nitrogen by the choke valve throttling expansion from the bottom of heat exchange gas device;
F, described liquid nitrogen enter vapour liquid separator; Extract liquid nitrogen out from the vapour liquid separator bottom, enter liquid nitrogen storage after the liquid nitrogen subcooler cooling, perhaps the medium pressure column for air separation unit provides low-temperature receiver.
2, the method for utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that the described cold nitrogen fluid that enters high temperature pressurised turbo-expander expanding end is inflated, send into the heat exchange gas device from the middle part of heat exchange gas device, hot fluid heat exchange with drag flow, extract out in hot junction from the heat exchange gas device after the re-heat, deliver to the low temperature nitrogen circulator and compress, and form high temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.
3, the method of utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described middle and lower part extraction from the heat exchange gas device, deliver to the liquid nitrogen that nitrogen that the low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine expanding end is inflated and throttling produce and be merged into a fluid streams, enter vapour liquid separator together, extract nitrogen out at this vapour liquid separator top, enter the hot nitrogen heat exchange of heat exchange gas device and drag flow, converge with other nitrogen fluid after the re-heat and return the heat exchange gas device with equal pressure, enter the low temperature nitrogen circulator after the heat exchange cooling, and form low-temperature expansion nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle.
4, a kind of device that utilizes cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen, this device includes a heat exchange gas device at least, wherein has a heat exchange gas runner at least, also be provided with four nitrogen heat exchange runners on the described heat exchange gas device at least, wherein be provided with the low temperature nitrogen circulator between the first and second heat exchange runners, be provided with the high temperature pressurised turbo-expander between the second and the 3rd heat exchange runner, be provided with low-temperature turbine boosting expansion machine between the third and fourth heat exchange runner; The nitrogen that comes out through the 4th heat exchange runner is connected to a choke valve, is connected to a subcooler after being connected to a vapour liquid separator again.
5, the device that utilizes cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen according to claim 4, the expanding end that it is characterized in that described high temperature pressurised turbo-expander are connected to first of the drag flow hot fluid extracurriliar heat exchange that is provided with in the heat exchange gas device runner that backflows; The expanding end import of described warm booster expansion turbine is connected on the heat exchange gas device with the 4th heat exchange runner and picks out on the 5th heat exchange runner that comes, and its expanding end outlet is connected on the described vapour liquid separator.
6, the device that utilizes cold energy of liquefied natural gas to obtain liquid nitrogen according to claim 5, the top that it is characterized in that described vapour liquid separator is connected to second backflowing on the runner of being provided with in the heat exchange gas device mutually, and flow out this second backflow behind the runner with first backflow nitrogen that runner flows out and connect after again with the raw nitrogen gas tandem.
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