CN101382061A - Novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process - Google Patents
Novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101382061A CN101382061A CNA2007101460303A CN200710146030A CN101382061A CN 101382061 A CN101382061 A CN 101382061A CN A2007101460303 A CNA2007101460303 A CN A2007101460303A CN 200710146030 A CN200710146030 A CN 200710146030A CN 101382061 A CN101382061 A CN 101382061A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a new coalbed gas thermal production process which is characterized in that full hot coke is arranged on the lower part of a coalbed gas production well or a gasification well, a gasification agent is pressed in so as to ignite a hole bottom coalbed; and the heat released from the combustion of part of the coalbed can heat up the adjacent coalbed, and improve the analysis capability, permeability coefficient and osmotic pressure of the coalbed, thereby improving the gas yield of the coalbed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal-bed gas exploitation technology field, particularly improve the process of methane output by the heating coal seam, this is a kind of brand-new coal-bed gas exploitation technology, can improve the coefficient of mining of coal bed gas effectively.
Background technology
The resource of China's coal bed gas is abundanter, and the utilization rate of coal bed gas is also lower, and the production practice and the yield-increasing technique of coal bed gas are relatively backward.The mining type of coal bed gas mainly contains at present: the exploitation of ground peupendicular hole, the exploitation of ground minery, fire damp extraction and the extraction of abandoned mine coal bed gas.Ground peupendicular hole exploitation is to enter the coal seam of not carrying out recovery activity as yet at the ground drilling well, by drainage and step-down the adsorbed gas in the coal seam is desorbed, and flows to ground by pit shaft.This mining type gas production is big, resource recovery height, mobility strong, can form scale and benefit.It requires to have bigger coal seam of thickness or coal seam group, and the permeability of coal seam reservoirs is wanted better, and more favourable orographic condition.Ground minery exploitation (GOB WELL) is to enter minery top, colliery from the ground drilling hole, utilize nature pressure reduction or gas pump extract to assemble and remain among the rock that is subjected to the mining influence district, the solid coal seam and the coal bed gas in the goaf, ground minery well initial production is bigger, but the individual well length of service is shorter, is generally 1～2 year.The strictness of minery well is subjected to the control of coal mining activity, and requires to compose on main mining coal seam and deposit a plurality of coal seams, to guarantee to have enough sources of the gas.The fire damp extraction is the hole of drilling from down-hole mining tunnel, colliery, causes negative pressure to extract gas in the coal seam on ground by the gas pump.This mode is called mine gas drainage at coal system.Mine gas drainage output is little, and the resource recycling rate is low, and the underground work difficulty is bigger, and is limited by the progress that the colliery digging is produced, but its applicable elements is more extensive, and it is many to be purpose with mine safety production, and the recycling of double and coal bed gas resource.Abandoned mine coal bed gas (CMM-COAL MINE METHANE) is a kind of new cbm development mode that just grew up in recent years, be from written-off (stopping adopting) coal mine, extract residual, accumulate in the coal bed gas in subterranean strata and the coal seam and be used, because this mode need not the stepout well of constructing, also need not carry out the measure of reservoir enhanced transformation, so required expense is cheap, and extraction is to carry out after the colliery stops production, and can not conflict with Coal Production.
The technology of coal bed gas volume increase mainly contains coal bed gas fracturing yield-increasing technology and gas injection method for increasing yield.Coal bed gas fracturing yield-increasing technology is the most frequently used well stimulation of coal-bed gas exploitation.But because China's coal-bearing strata has generally all experienced the strong tectonic movement behind the coal-forming, the prototype structure in coal seam is often suffered very havoc, plasticity strengthens greatly, when causing fracturing, often can not further expand original crack and hugger, can not produce new long hydraulic fracture, and mainly be that plastic strain takes place in the coal seam, as a whole, effect is unsatisfactory.Therefore, the understanding to coal seam hydraulically created fracture spread rule is most important for improving fracturing effect.The gas injection method for increasing yield is a new method that improves methane output of U.S. AMOCO company exploitation.This method is considered to a kind of new measure with development prospect, is subjected to the extensive concern of each side.The gas injection method for increasing yield is with N
2, CO
2Or flue gas injects the coal seam, reduces the dividing potential drop of methane in the coal seam, helps methane and replace from coal body and desorb raising well yield and recovery ratio.This technology can effectively improve the productive potentialities of coal bed gas, but also can utilize the coal bed gas in this hypotonicity coal seam, process exploitation deep, because inject CO
2Help to keep pore pressure, can protect the opening degree of hugger in the coal seam, deep and other hole preferably.For exploring CO
2Improve the coal bed gas recovery efficiency technique, middle coal bed gas company has carried out the notes CO of individual well injection, individual well output under the cooperation of Canadian experts
2The gas production test.Test is selected in TL-003 well of jujube garden, south, basin, Qinshui, Shanxi well group as test well, (makes CO through injection, closing well
2Fully replace CH
4), row adopts and gas component monitoring, realized individual well injection/output test, obtained expected result.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new coal bed gas yield-increasing technique technical method.
Experimental studies results shows, 1 ℃ of the every rising of coal seam temperature, and the ability reduction of coal adsorption gas is about 8%, when its reason was the temperature rising, gas is active to be increased, and is difficult to be adsorbed by coal body, the gas molecule that has been adsorbed simultaneously is easy to obtain kinetic energy, escapes out from the coal body surface.When the coal seam temperature acquires a certain degree, pyrolytic reaction will take place in coal simultaneously, and the pyrolysis of coal is that organic decomposes generates escaping gas (CH in the coal
4, H
2, CO etc.) process of product.Therefore, suitably improve the coal seam temperature, can significantly improve the output of coal bed gas.
The present invention realizes with following technical scheme:
Red-hot coke is put in bottom at coal bed gas producing well 1 or gasification well 5,11, and be pressed into gasifying agent, hole ground coal layer is lighted, by the heat that local coal combustion discharged, heat its contiguous coal seam, improve analytic ability, transmission coefficient and the osmotic pressure in coal seam, thereby improve the coal bed gas productive rate.
Gasifying agent can be any seam mining gasifying gas, and is preferred: air, oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen-water vapour.
The present invention can adopt three kinds of methods to realize, i.e. individual well heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology, vertical well group blind hole heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology and horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology.
1. individual well heats coal bed gas extraction technology
Adopt individual well heating coal seam, in the coal seam, geologic structure according to the coal seam, drill the hole or utilize original gas producing well 1 to the coal seam 2 bottoms, under the hole, put red-hot coke, and be pressed into gasifying agent, and can be air or oxygen enrichment, make coke and hole ground coal layer partial combustion, the heat that burning is produced transmits in the coal seam, the heating coal seam treats that the coal seam is in the scope of design, when reaching more than 100 ℃, stop to infeed gasifying agent, it is clean with toxic emission to open well head, and according to the give vent to anger measurement of composition of aperture, collecting coal bed gas (mainly is CH
4), can significantly improve the individual well methane output like this.Another kind method is to reduce to infeed gasifying agent, and (main component is CO to make the hot flue gas that burning produces
2, CO) be pressed into the coal seam, drive and replace coal bed gas with hot flue gas, in adjacent individual well, collect coal bed gas.Form gang of wells by a plurality of individual wells, can accomplish scale production.
2. vertical well group blind hole heating coal bed gas extraction technology
Beat a bite peupendicular hole 5 in coal seam 10, according to the thermal field spread scenarios that the coal-bed gas exploitation well spacing requires and test is obtained, suitable distance is made some gas-producing wells all around in this hole, generally makes four-hole gas-producing well (3,4,8,9).After red-hot coke is transferred in 5 bottoms, hole, transfer an air supply pipe 6 again, in air supply pipe 6, infeed gasifying agent, light coal seam 10 with red-hot coke,, realize the blind hole gasification by discharging coal gas in air supply pipe 6 and the annular space 7 between 5 of holing, produce coal gas, heat coal seam 10 simultaneously.After 10 heating of coal seam, at gas-producing well, as: well 3, well 4, well 8 and well 9 are collected coal bed gas, and methane output can increase greatly.
3. horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heats coal-bed gas exploitation technology
In the coal seam more than two-layer or two-layer, if the distance between the coal seam in 50m, then can heat the upper and lower coal 15 by coal seam 13, gasification bottom (or middle).In coal seam 13, bottom (or middle), arrange horizontal orientation well 12, and construction vertical air inlet well 11, constituting a underground combustion gasification furnace, this gasification furnace is general to be selected in the thin coal seam, transfer coke in peupendicular hole 11 bottoms, light the coal seam, and send into gasifying agent, when gasifying agent can be produced low-heat value gas during for air, calorific value of gas in can producing when blasting oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen-water vapour is discharged coal gas by directional well 12.On the combustion gasification coal seam, (descend) and arrange coal bed gas gas recovery well 14 in the coal seam 15, the coal bed gas gas recovery well can be directed horizontal well or directed pinniform well 14, also can be in coal seam 15 every 50～150m a plurality of peupendicular holes (plane grid layout) of constructing, collect coal bed gas.(or middle) when coal seam 13 combustion gasification release heat are delivered to (descending) portion coal seam 15, can significantly improve (descending) portion coal seam 15 methane output when the bottom.
After treating that coal-bed gas exploitation finishes, utilize the coal bed gas gas recovery well to make up coal underground gasifying furnace, the coal seam of further gasifying obtains fuel gas, be about to coal-bed gas exploitation technology and coal underground gasifying technology and combine, realize coal resources safety, efficient, clean mining.
Benefit of the present invention
1, China's coal bed gas resource is abundant, but owing to the geological structure reason, the coal seam permeability is generally lower, so the coal bed gas productive rate is lower, studies and invents new coal bed gas yield-increasing technology the development of China's coal gas industry is had great importance.
2, the present invention makes the active increase of gas by improving the coal seam temperature, is difficult to be adsorbed by coal body, and the gas molecule that has been adsorbed simultaneously is easy to obtain kinetic energy, escapes out from the coal body surface, can significantly improve the output of coal bed gas.
3, coal underground gasification technology is combined with the coal-bed gas exploitation technology, form a kind of brand-new coal bed gas and coal resources exploitation new technology, can improve the recovery ratio of coal bed gas widely, and can realize coal resources safety, efficient, clean mining.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 individual well heating coal bed gas extraction technology
Wherein, 1-boring or original gas producing well * 5; The 2-coal seam.
The vertical well group blind hole heating of Fig. 2 coal bed gas extraction technology
Wherein, 5-blind hole gasification well; 3,4,8,9-coal bed gas producing well; 6-air feed pipe; The 7-annular space; The 10-coal seam.
Fig. 3 horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology
Wherein, 11-vertical air inlet well; 12-horizontal orientation well (gasification tunnel); (descend) the gasification coal seam among the 13-; 14-coal bed gas gas recovery well; 15-last (descending) coal seam (coal bed gas collection coal seam); 16-coal seam spacing (rock stratum).
The horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology of Fig. 4 embodiment
Wherein, 17-vertical air inlet well; 18-horizontal orientation well (gasification tunnel); 19-is the gasification coal seam down; 20-coal bed gas gas recovery well; The last coal seam of 21-(coal bed gas collection coal seam); 22-coal seam spacing (rock stratum).
Fig. 3 is a Figure of abstract.
The specific embodiment
Below only be preferred embodiment of the present invention, when not limiting scope of the present invention with this.Promptly the equalization of being done according to the present patent application claim generally changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Embodiment 1
Individual well heating coal bed gas extraction technology, shown in Fig. 1 individual well: in the coal seam, geologic structure according to the coal seam, drill the hole or utilize original gas producing well 1 to the coal seam 2 bottoms, under the hole, put red-hot coke, and be pressed into air or oxygen enrichment, make coke and hole ground coal layer partial combustion, the heat that burning is produced transmits in the coal seam, the heating coal seam, treat that the coal seam is in the scope of design, when reaching more than 100 ℃, stop air-supplied or oxygen enrichment, it is clean with toxic emission to open well head, according to the give vent to anger measurement of composition of aperture, collecting coal bed gas (mainly is CH
4), can significantly improve the individual well methane output like this.Another kind method is to reduce air-supplied or Rich Oxygen Amount, and (main component is CO to make the hot flue gas that burning produces
2, CO) be pressed into the coal seam, drive and replace coal bed gas with hot flue gas, in adjacent individual well, collect coal bed gas.Form gang of wells by a plurality of individual wells, can accomplish scale production.
Embodiment 2
Vertical well group blind hole heating coal bed gas extraction technology is beaten a bite peupendicular hole 5 in coal seam 10, see Fig. 2, and according to the thermal field spread scenarios that the coal-bed gas exploitation well spacing requires and test is obtained, suitable distance is made four-hole gas-producing well (3,4,8,9) all around in this hole.After red-hot coke is transferred in 5 bottoms, hole, transfer an air supply pipe 6 again, in air supply pipe 6, infeed gasifying agent, light coal seam 10 with red-hot coke,, realize the blind hole gasification by discharging coal gas in air supply pipe 6 and the annular space 7 between 5 of holing, produce coal gas, heat coal seam 10 simultaneously.After 10 heating of coal seam, collect coal bed gas at well 3, well 4, well 8 and well 9, methane output can increase greatly.
Horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology is in the coal seam more than two-layer or two-layer, if the distance between the coal seam 16 in 50m, then can heat the upper and lower coal 15 by coal seam 13, gasification bottom (or middle), as shown in Figure 3.In coal seam 13, bottom (or middle), arrange horizontal orientation well 12, and construction vertical air inlet well 11, constituting a underground combustion gasification furnace, this gasification furnace is general to be selected in the thin coal seam, transfer coke in peupendicular hole 11 bottoms, light the coal seam, and send into gasifying agent, when gasifying agent can be produced low-heat value gas during for air, calorific value of gas in can producing when blasting oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen-water vapour is discharged coal gas by directional well 12.On the combustion gasification coal seam, (descend) and arrange coal bed gas gas recovery well 14 in the coal seam 15, the coal bed gas gas recovery well can be directed horizontal well or directed pinniform well 14, also can be in coal seam 15 every 50～150m a plurality of peupendicular holes (plane grid layout) of constructing, collect coal bed gas.(or middle) when coal seam 13 combustion gasification release heat are delivered to (descending) portion coal seam 15, can significantly improve (descending) portion coal seam 15 methane output when the bottom.
Referring to Fig. 4, designed a cover coalbed gas thermal recovery engineering scheme in Cha Bushi Gong Gou coalfield, Ulan, the Inner Mongol.The coal seam is divided two-layer up and down, thicker about 12 meters of upper strata, and thin about 1～2 meter in lower floor's coal, does not wait from 10～30 meters middle rock stratum, about seam inclination 5 degree.
Engineering adopts arranges the no-shaft underground gasification stove in underlying seam, by the combustion gasification underlying seam, come to reach the effect that improves superjacent gas output to the superjacent heating.In underlying seam 19, arrange the linear furnace of a no well formula gasification, make a call to a peupendicular hole 17 by ground to the coal seam, the aperture is ∮ 219, and the pipe wall thickness is 10mm, adopts the high temperature resistant cement well cementation, at the bottom of the hole, open up the hole, reach ∮ 500, peupendicular hole is got to following about 3～5 meters of seat earth, 2～3 meters in the naked hole of bottom of peupendicular holes.Making a call to a horizontal orientation well 18 along the seam inclination direction, the aperture is ∮ 159, directional well length is 600m, horizontal orientation well 18 is along bottom, downward-sloping apart from 0.7 meter of seat earth along the coal seam, connect the vertical section of directional well 18 and peupendicular hole pipe, well cementation under 17 the same needs with peupendicular hole 17.Being furnished with ground installation on the ground of horizontal well 18, mainly is the purified treatment of coal gas and the ground installation of utilization, the producing and conveying equipment of the gasifying agent of arranging on the ground of peupendicular hole 17.
In superjacent 21, top at the underground gasification furnace of correspondence, be furnished with the recovery well 20 of coal bed gas along the seam inclination direction, recovery well 20 adopts feather fractures, making a call to a horizontal orientation well along top, coal seam, the vertical section aperture is ∮ 300, the horizontal segment aperture is ∮ 159, length is 600～800 meters, in the horizontal segment employing side direction perforate technology of directional well, makes a call to a side opening for per 20～50 meters, the aperture is ∮ 100, length is 20～100 meters, and the angle of side opening and horizontal well is 45～60 degree, is furnished with the coal bed gas processing device on well head ground.
Claims (10)
1. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process, it is characterized in that: red-hot coke is put in the bottom at coal bed gas producing well or gasification well, and be pressed into gasifying agent, hole ground coal layer is lighted, by the heat that local coal combustion discharged, heat its contiguous coal seam, improve analytic ability, transmission coefficient and the osmotic pressure in coal seam, thereby improve the coal bed gas productive rate.
2. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gasifying agent is air, oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen-water vapour.
3. any one novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: can adopt three kinds of methods to realize, i.e. individual well heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology, vertical well group blind hole heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology and horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology.
4. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: adopt individual well (1) heating coal seam, in coal seam (2), drill hole or utilize original gas producing well (1), under producing well (1) hole, put red-hot coke, and be pressed into gasifying agent, make coke and hole ground coal layer partial combustion, the heat that produced of burning transmits in the coal seam, and the heating coal seam is when treating the coal seam average temperature reaching more than 100 ℃ in the scope of design, stop to infeed gasifying agent, it is clean with toxic emission to open well head, according to the give vent to anger measurement of composition of aperture, collects coal bed gas.
5. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: adopt individual well heating coal seam; in well (1), reduce and infeed gasifying agent; the hot flue gas that burning is produced is pressed into the coal seam; drive and replace coal bed gas with hot flue gas; in adjacent individual well, collect coal bed gas, form gang of wells, can accomplish scale production by a plurality of individual wells.
6. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: with vertical well group blind hole heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology, in coal seam (10), beat a bite peupendicular hole (5), according to the thermal field spread scenarios that the coal-bed gas exploitation well spacing requires and test is obtained, suitable distance is made gas-producing well around in this hole, after red-hot coke is transferred in hole (5) bottom, transfer an air feed pipe (6) again, in air supply pipe (6), infeed gasifying agent, light the coal seam, by discharging coal gas in the annular space (7) between air supply pipe (6) and the boring (5), realize the blind hole gasification, produce coal gas, heat coal seam (10) simultaneously, after the heating of coal seam (10), collect coal bed gas, increase methane output at gas-producing well.
7. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: adopt horizontal orientation well stratified carburation heating coal-bed gas exploitation technology, in the coal seam more than two-layer or two-layer, rock stratum between the coal seam (16) distance is in 50m the time, heat upper strata/lower floor's coal (15) by gasification bottom/middle one deck coal (13), in bottom/middle coal seam (13), arrange horizontal orientation well (12), and construction peupendicular hole (11), constitute a coal underground gasifying furnace, transfer coke in peupendicular hole (11) bottom, light the coal seam, and send into gasifying agent, horizontal orientation well (12) is discharged coal gas, on combustion gasification coal seam (13)/underlying seam (15) in layout coal bed gas gas recovery well (14).
8. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 7 is characterized in that: gasification furnace is chosen in the thin coal seam.
9. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 7 is characterized in that: coal bed gas gas recovery well (14) be directed horizontal well, directed pinniform well or in coal seam 15 every 50～150m peupendicular hole that a plurality of plane grids arrange of constructing, collect coal bed gas.
10. novel coalbed gas thermal recovery process according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: after treating that coal-bed gas exploitation finishes, utilize coal bed gas gas recovery well (14) to make up coal underground gasifying furnace, further gasification coal seam, obtain fuel gas, be about to coal-bed gas exploitation technology and coal underground gasifying technology and combine.
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