CN101381929B - High strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric and producing method thereof - Google Patents
High strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric and producing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-woven material and a processing method thereof, in particular to a high-strength easily-degradable linen-fiber non-woven fabric and a production method thereof. Mainly aiming at the disadvantages that the common non-woven fabric is poor in strength and durability and chemical-fiber non-woven fabric is difficult to degrade and the like, the invention invents the linen-fiber non-woven fabric which is high in strength, good in durability and easy to degrade. The invention adopts a main technical proposal that the high-strength easily-degradable linen-fiber non-woven fabric comprises the following components in weight percentage: 50 to 70 percent of linen fibers and 30 to 50 percent of ES fibers. The processing method of the linen-fiber non-woven fabric comprises the following processes of degumming, opening, forming webs, strengthening and drying fiber webs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nonwoven material and processing method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric and production method thereof.
Background technology
The non-weaving cloth shopping bag that uses is the spun-bonded non-woven made from chemical fibres such as polypropylene fibre, terylene mostly at present, and this non-weaving cloth has following shortcoming and defect as shopping bag: 1) production process of chemical fibre such as polypropylene fibre, terylene and spun-bonded non-woven has certain pollution to environment; 2) along with oil price rises steadily, production of chemical fibre costs such as polypropylene fibre, terylene constantly increase, and certainly will increase consumer's burden or reduce manufacturer's profit; 3) degraded of chemical fibre such as polypropylene fibre, terylene non-weaving cloth is relatively more difficult, also can pollute environment after abandoning.
China is one of the abundantest country of hemp resource in the world, and flax fibre is 1 year or the bast fiber of perennial herb dicotyledon and the general name of monocotyledonous leaf fibre.Crudefiber crop mainly contains flax, ramie, jute, mestha etc.Fibre of flax for textile material is easily planted; do not need chemical fertilizer; harvest time is short; the output height; and be natural Wholly-degradable material; especially in the 21 century that petroleum resources worsening shortages, timber resources are protected day by day, flax fibre, linen textile are considered to functional textile product and " green " product of tool development potentiality.
The linen fibre fineness is about 12~17 μ m, and joint length is 17~25mm.Flax is the representative of noble textiles just as the silk of China.Flax is used for textiles in traditional all kinds of summer for a long time, and its product has had linen yarn, bleached cotton fabric, blended union cloth, dyeing and calico, yarn-dyed fancy cloth, knitted cloth, bunting and product with more than 600 kinds of 13 big series such as cloth.
THE FINENESS OF THE RAMIE FIBRE is about 30~40 μ m, and single fiber length is 20~250mm.Ramie is the distinctive hemp resource of China, is called as " China's grass ", " king of fiber ".Ramie textile product as do not make slightly prodding and itching feeling of special treatment, but advantages such as its moisture absorption heat radiation, antiseptic and inhibiting bacteria function are outstanding, in the world the country of textile industry prosperity generally all with it as the top-grade fashion lining.In fields such as clothes, shoes and hats, family expenses decoration, medical packages application is arranged also at present.
Jute plant and fiber thereof---jute (Jute) has another name called network fiber crops, green fiber crops, belongs to Tiliaceae (Tiliaceae) Corchorus (Corchorus) annual herb bast fiber crop, and the degradability of jute makes it fully develop talents in the field in industry.The habit of tossa and kenaf and growth are very close, and fiber is all thicker, and the tossa fineness is 15~18 μ m, and single fiber length is 1.5~5mm, and the kenaf fineness is 18~27 μ m, and filament length is 2~6mm.The output of whole world tossa accounts for 60~70% of flax fibre total output.Tossa is more thick and stiff, has the thermal insulation wear-resisting, that fracture strength is high and good, is mainly used in to weave a gunnysack and tufted carpet base fabric and packaging material etc.
China's fiber crops aboundresources, the flax fibre cost is low, and the price of fiber crops per ton is about 8000 yuan, and the processing charges of making non-weaving cloth are about 4000 yuan/ton, about 1.2 ten thousand yuan/ton of totle drilling cost, the flax fibre leftover bits and pieces in the weaving also can be used to do non-weaving cloth in addition; And the price of PP short fiber per ton is about 1.2 ten thousand yuan, and the price of terylene short fiber per ton is about 1.7 ten thousand yuan.Obviously, Zhi Youjialian flax fibre non-weaving cloth will be a first-selection of making shopping bag.
The jute hot melt non-woven cloth is to add the fibrous or bonding reinforcement material of powdery hot-melt in fibre web, and fibre web cools off through heating and melting again reinforces into cloth.
Be the degumming tech of 200410064790.6 jute as China Patent No., it may further comprise the steps: (1) raw ramie branch handle of unpacking; (2) complex enzyme is handled, in container handling, drop into be mixed with in proportion by pectase and laccase and the throwing amount be complex enzyme and 15 times of composite complex enzyme aqueous solution of the water to raw ramie weight of 1%~2% of raw ramie weight, regulate PH5-5.5, be warming up to 55 ℃-60 ℃, drop into raw ramie and handled 25 minutes~50 minutes, regulate PH7.5-8 once more, be warming up to 60 ℃-70 ℃, continue to handle 25 minutes~50 minutes, take out the back timeliness and bank up, at last raw ramie hot water is cleaned; (3) reducing bleach, in container, drop into 1%~2% reducing bleach of raw ramie weight and 15 times to the water of raw ramie weight, be warming up to 85 ℃~90 ℃, duration is 50 minutes~70 minutes, 1%~2% the decolorizer that adds raw ramie weight again, and continue insulation 30 minutes~70 minutes, take out raw ramie; (4) raw ramie after will taking out is delivered to and is struck fiber crops, then in regular turn through cleaning, oil, dewater, drying, and the tossa after the removal of impurities that obtains discoloring.
The advantage of jute nonwoven fabric: 1) degradable, 2) feature of environmental protection, 3) aeration, 4) filterability, 5) heat insulating ability, 6) water imbibition, 7) water proofing property, 8) retractility, 9) not fluffy and disorderly, 10) good hand touch, softness, 11) slim and graceful, 12) flexible, can restore 13) do not have a directionality of cloth, 14) it is fast to compare the productivity high production speed with woven, 15) price low, can produce or the like in a large number.
The shortcoming of jute nonwoven fabric: 1) with woven phase specific strength and durability relatively poor 2) can not clean 3 as other clothes) so fiber is arranged by certain orientation splits or the like from right angle orientation easily.Therefore the improvement of production method mainly is placed in the improvement that prevents to divide recently.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly is relatively poor at common non-woven fabric intensity and durability, and chemical fiber non-woven fabric is difficult for shortcomings such as degraded, invents the bast fiber nonwoven fabric of a kind of intensity height, good endurance, easy degraded.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is implemented by the following technical programs:
High strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric, its component comprises by weight percentage: flax fibre 50%~70%, ES fiber 30%~50%.The ES fiber mainly is made up of PP, PE composite fibre, and PP, PE proportion are for respectively being 0~100% all can.
Above-mentioned high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric, as preferably, its component comprises by weight percentage: flax fibre 60%, ES fiber 40%.
Above-mentioned high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric, as preferably, described flax fibre is a kind of in ramie, flax, bluish dogbane, jute, the kenaf or some kinds.
The flax fibre average length that above-mentioned high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric adopts is 1.5~100mm, and average fineness is 12~40 μ m.
Above-mentioned high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric thickness is 1~5mm, and surface density is 30~200g/m
2
Above-mentioned high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric is a kind of flax fibre nonwoven material, the processing method of this flax fibre nonwoven material comprise come unstuck, shredding, one-tenth net, fibre web reinforce and drying technology, selected fiber is based on a kind of or some kinds or its weaving leftover bits and pieces in ramie, flax, bluish dogbane, jute, the kenaf, average fiber length is 1.5~100mm, and average fineness is 12~40 μ m; With ES fiber, cotton fiber, viscose is batching, and the fiber proportion of wherein preparing burden is 0~99%.
At first carry out the flax fibre degumming tech: in container, drop into pectase and/or laccase and water, transfer pH5~5.5, be warming up to 55~60 ℃, drop into flax fibre and handled 25~50 minutes, transfer pH7.5~8 again, be warming up to 60~70 ℃, handled 25~50 minutes, taking-up is banked up, and cleans with 60 ℃ of hot water; In the container that raw ramie is arranged, drop into YDDM-Type B oxygen auxiliary agent and water, be warming up to 85~90 ℃, continue 50~70 minutes, add decolorizer, be incubated 30~70 minutes, take out raw ramie; Raw ramie is struck fiber crops after Da Chi flowing water cleans; Being dewatered to moisture 35%~45% does; Dry to moisture 4%~6% flax fibre after the removal of impurities that obtains discoloring.With the fiber combing of handling well, intersection is paved into netted.
Carry out the fibre web reinforcement process then, described fibre web reinforcement process comprises one or both in mechanical consolidation, heat bonding reinforcing and the chemical adhesion reinforcing, wherein mechanical consolidation can specifically be divided into reinforcing of water thorn and pinprick reinforcement, it is bonding that heat bonding can specifically be divided into hot calendering bonding, hot melt adhesive, ultrasonic wave, and chemical adhesion is reinforced can specifically be divided into dipping, sprinkling, foam, stamp.The flax fibre nonwoven material thickness that produces is 1~5mm, and surface density is 30~200g/m
2
Below several reinforcing modes are described.Selecting a kind of in ramie, flax, bluish dogbane, jute, the kenaf or some kinds and weaving leftover bits and pieces thereof for use is main material, with the flax fibre above one-tenth of carding machine shredding to 40% monofilament shape, according to percentage by weight flax fibre 50%~70%, the raw material of ES fiber 30%~50% becomes the monofilament shape once more with carding machine more than the shredding to 70% then.In described raw material and each operation, following technology and parameter thereof are significant: the average length of selected fiber is designed to 1.5~100mm, and average fineness is 12~40 μ m.Described hot-melt adhesive fiber fusing point is: PP is 165~176 ℃, and PE is 125~135 ℃.Mechanical consolidation can specifically be divided into the water thorn reinforces and pinprick reinforcement, and described needling process frequency is 1000~3000 thorn/min, and the pressure of water jet process is 50~250bar.Heat bonding is reinforced, and by the fusing ES fiber itself that heats up, makes flax fibre bonding, and the heat bonding temperature is 130~160 ℃.Drying technology is to dry to moisture 5% with rotary drum dryer at last.The thickness of flax fibre nonwoven material of the present invention and surface density design depend primarily on actual needs, and given scope is not strict the qualification.
In the said method, as preferably, described needling process is designed to: first low frequency stings in advance reinforces fibre web 1 time, and stinging the acupuncture frequency in advance is 1000~1200 thorn/min, and the high frequency master stings and reinforces fibre web 1~6 time then, and main to sting the acupuncture frequency be 1500~3000 thorn/min.Described water jet process is designed to: first low pressure is stung in advance and is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and stinging hydraulic pressure in advance is 10~30bar, and the water under high pressure thorn is reinforced fibre web 1~6 time then, and water under high pressure thorn pressure is 50~250bar.Employing multiple tracks acupuncture or water jet process can improve the intensity of nonwoven material, but too much acupuncture or water thorn damage fiber easily, thereby reduce the intensity of material.One-tenth net of the present invention can adopt multiple one-tenth net mode, as the parallel lapping of combing, combing cross lapping, air lay etc.Technologies such as remaining shredding of non-weaving cloth manufacture method of the present invention, drying are prior art.The equipment that flax fibre nonwoven material of the present invention uses also is prior art.
In sum, the present invention compares with prior art and has following advantage:
1. for environmental protection better, replaced the purposes of plastic bag substantially, and easily degraded.
2. adopting the jute natural plant fibre is raw material, has broken through traditional weaving principle, adopts mechanical consolidation, heat bonding reinforcing and chemical adhesion reinforcement process, has that flow process is short, cost is low, fully biodegradable, characteristics such as environmentally safe.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
With 40% linen fibre and 60%ES fiber is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, the parallel lapping of combing, acupuncture and hot melt adhesive technology; Degumming tech: drop into complex enzyme and water in container, transfer to pH5, be warming up to 55 ℃, drop into flax fibre and handled 30 minutes, transfer pH7.5 again, be warming up to 65 ℃, handled 30 minutes, taking-up is banked up, and cleans with 60 ℃ of hot water; In the container that raw ramie is arranged, drop into oxygen auxiliary agent and water, be warming up to 85 ℃, continue 60 minutes, add decolorizer, be incubated 40 minutes, take out raw ramie; Raw ramie is struck fiber crops after Da Chi flowing water cleans; Being dewatered to moisture 40% does; Dry to moisture 5% flax fibre after the removal of impurities that obtains discoloring; With becoming the monofilament shape more than the carding machine shredding to 40%, the raw material according to percentage by weight 40% linen fibre and 60%ES fiber becomes the monofilament shape once more with carding machine more than the shredding to 70% then with flax fibre; With the fiber combing of handling well, intersection is paved into netted; Used linen fibre average length is 22mm, and average fineness is 14.6 μ m; Needling process is that pre-thorn is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and frequency is 1000 thorn/min, and high frequency master pinprick reinforcement fiber web is 4 times then, and main punch frequency is 1500 thorn/min; Last hot melt adhesive fibre web, tack temperature is 150 ℃; Dry to moisture 5% with rotary drum dryer at last.Flax nonwoven material thickness that produces is 1.483mm, and material face density is 70g/m
2
The comparative example 1:
Embodiment 1 gained nonwoven material is drawn high experiment, and the longitudinal stretching brute force is 110.7N, and the cross directional stretch brute force is 60.9N.Experimental technique reference standard IS09073-3:1989; Laboratory apparatus is: YG (B) 026D-250 type electronic fabric tensometer; The tensile sample specification is 300mm X50mm, and clamp distance is 200mm, and the chuck rate of climb of tensometer is 100mm/min.
Embodiment 2:
With 100% ramee is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, combing cross lapping, drawing-off, acupuncture and water jet process; Used ramee average length is 56mm, and average fineness is 33 μ m; Needling process is that pre-thorn is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and frequency is 1000 thorn/min, and high frequency master pinprick reinforcement fiber web is 4 times then, and main punch frequency is 1800 thorn/min; Water jet process is that pre-thorn is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and pressure is 18bar, and main water thorn is reinforced 2 times, and water thorn pressure is respectively 100bar and 110bar.
All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The comparative example 2:
The ramie nonwoven material thickness that embodiment 2 produces is 1.954mm, and material face density is 100g/m
2
Embodiment 2 gained nonwoven materials are drawn high experiment, and the longitudinal stretching brute force is 110.7N, and the cross directional stretch brute force is 60.9N.Experimental technique is with comparative example 1.
Embodiment 3:
With 60% tossa and 40%ES fiber is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, air lay, hot calendering bonding technology; Used tossa average length is 4.7mm, and average fineness is 16.5 μ m; The fineness of used ES fiber is 2D, and length is 3mm, and used hot calendering bonding technology, tack temperature are 140 ℃.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The comparative example 3:
The jute nonwoven material thickness that embodiment 3 produces is 1.452mm, and material face density is 65g/m
2
Embodiment 3 gained nonwoven materials are drawn high experiment, and the longitudinal stretching brute force is 90.7N, and the cross directional stretch brute force is 92.3N.Experimental technique is with comparative example 1.
Embodiment 4:
With 55% kenaf and 35%ES fiber is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, air lay, chemical impregnation adhesion technique; Used kenaf average length is 5mm, and average fineness is 23.6 μ m; The fineness of used cotton fiber is 2.22dtex, and length is 20mm, and used chemical impregnation adhesion technique, adhesive are wheaten starch, and concentration is 10wt%.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The comparative example 4:
The jute nonwoven material thickness that embodiment 4 produces is 1.697mm, and material face density is 88.2g/m
2
Embodiment 4 gained nonwoven materials are drawn high experiment, and the longitudinal stretching brute force is 217.7N, and the cross directional stretch brute force is 113.5N.Experimental technique is with comparative example 1.
Embodiment 5:
With ramie and breakings material is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, combing cross lapping, drawing-off, water thorn, drying, stamp; Used ramee average length is 56mm, and average fineness is 18.6 μ m; Used linen fibre average length is 20mm, and average fineness is 15.3 μ m; Used water jet process is that pre-thorn is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and pressure is 25bar, and main water thorn is reinforced 5 times, and water thorn pressure is respectively 80bar, 90bar, 100bar, 110bar and 70bar; Drying temperature is 150 ℃; Used printing technology is existing printing technology.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The comparative example 5:
The nonwoven material thickness that embodiment 5 produces is 2.132mm, and material face density is 150g/m
2
Embodiment 5 gained nonwoven materials are drawn high experiment, and the longitudinal stretching brute force is 284.6N, and the cross directional stretch brute force is 265.4N.Experimental technique is with comparative example 1.
Embodiment 6:
With 50% tossa and 50%ES fiber is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, the parallel lapping of combing, acupuncture and hot melt adhesive technology; Degumming tech: drop into complex enzyme and water in container, transfer pH5.5, be warming up to 60 ℃, drop into flax fibre and handled 50 minutes, transfer pH8 again, be warming up to 70 ℃, handled 50 minutes, taking-up is banked up, and cleans with 65 ℃ of hot water; In the container that raw ramie is arranged, drop into oxygen auxiliary agent and water, be warming up to 90 ℃, continue 70 minutes, add decolorizer, be incubated 70 minutes, take out raw ramie; Raw ramie is struck fiber crops after Da Chi flowing water cleans; Being dewatered to moisture 45% does; Dry to moisture 6% flax fibre after the removal of impurities that obtains discoloring; With becoming the monofilament shape more than the carding machine shredding to 40%, the raw material according to percentage by weight 50% tossa and 50%ES fiber becomes the monofilament shape once more with carding machine more than the shredding to 60% then with flax fibre; With the fiber combing of handling well, intersection is paved into netted; Used linen fibre average length is 50mm, and average fineness is 30 μ m; Needling process is that pre-thorn is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and frequency is 1200 thorn/min, and high frequency master pinprick reinforcement fiber web is 6 times then, and main punch frequency is 3000 thorn/min; Last hot melt adhesive fibre web, tack temperature is 170 ℃; Dry to moisture 6% with rotary drum dryer at last.Flax nonwoven material thickness that produces is 3mm, and material face density is 63g/m
2
Embodiment 7:
With 70% apocynum fibre and 30%ES fiber is raw material, and manufacturing technique comprises shredding, the parallel lapping of combing, acupuncture and hot melt adhesive technology; Degumming tech: drop into complex enzyme and water in container, transfer pH5, be warming up to 55 ℃, drop into flax fibre and handled 25 minutes, transfer pH7.5 again, be warming up to 60 ℃, handled 25 minutes, taking-up is banked up, and cleans with 55 ℃ of hot water; In the container that raw ramie is arranged, drop into oxygen auxiliary agent and water, be warming up to 85 ℃, continue 50 minutes, add decolorizer, be incubated 30 minutes, take out raw ramie; Raw ramie is struck fiber crops after Da Chi flowing water cleans; Being dewatered to moisture 35% does; Dry to moisture 4% flax fibre after the removal of impurities that obtains discoloring; With becoming the monofilament shape more than the carding machine shredding to 40%, the raw material according to percentage by weight 70% apocynum fibre and 30%ES fiber becomes the monofilament shape once more with carding machine more than the shredding to 80% then with flax fibre; With the fiber combing of handling well, intersection is paved into netted; Used linen fibre average length is 15mm, and average fineness is 12.1 μ m; Needling process is that pre-thorn is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and frequency is 1100 thorn/min, and high frequency master pinprick reinforcement fiber web is 5 times then, and main punch frequency is 2000 thorn/min; Last hot melt adhesive fibre web, tack temperature is 150 ℃; Dry to moisture 4% with rotary drum dryer at last.Flax nonwoven material thickness that produces is 1.439mm, and material face density is 82g/m
2
Test 1:
The nonwoven fabric that the foregoing description is made is imbedded in that 20~25 ℃ red soil, Huang shouted, in the moisture soil, marine solonchak 3 months, test its degradation rate, see Table 1.
3 months degradation rate comparison sheet (unit: wt%) of each embodiment of table 1
Test 2:
The nonwoven fabric that the foregoing description is made is imbedded in that 20~25 ℃ red soil, Huang shouted, in the moisture soil, marine solonchak 12 months, test its degradation rate, see Table 2.
12 months degradation rate comparison sheet (unit: wt%) of each embodiment of table 2
At specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit and part experiment are illustrated.Those skilled in the art in the invention can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. the production method of a high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric, it may further comprise the steps:
A, flax fibre degumming tech: in container, drop into complex enzyme and water, transfer pH5~5.5, be warming up to 55~60 ℃, drop into flax fibre and handled 25~50 minutes, transfer pH7.5~8 again, be warming up to 60~70 ℃, handled 25~50 minutes, taking-up is banked up, and cleans with 55~65 ℃ of hot water; In the container that raw ramie is arranged, drop into oxygen auxiliary agent and water, be warming up to 85~90 ℃, continue 50~70 minutes, add decolorizer, be incubated 30~70 minutes, take out raw ramie; Raw ramie is struck fiber crops after Da Chi flowing water cleans; Be dewatered to moisture 35%~45%; Dry to moisture 4%~6% tossa after the removal of impurities that obtains discoloring;
B, shredding: with the above one-tenth of carding machine shredding to 40% monofilament shape, then according to percentage by weight tossa 60%, the raw material of ES fiber 40% becomes the monofilament shape once more with carding machine more than the shredding to 70% with tossa;
C, one-tenth net: with the fiber combing of handling well, intersection is paved into netted;
D, reinforcing: the fibre web reinforcement process comprises one or both in mechanical consolidation, heat bonding reinforcing and the chemical adhesion reinforcing; Described mechanical consolidation comprises needling process or water jet process, and the needling process frequency is 1000~3000 thorn/min, and described water jet process is designed to: first low pressure is stung in advance and is reinforced fibre web 1 time, and stinging hydraulic pressure in advance is 10~30bar; The water under high pressure thorn is reinforced fibre web 1~6 time then, and water under high pressure thorn pressure is 50~250bar; Described heat bonding is reinforced to by the fusing ES fiber itself that heats up, and makes flax fibre bonding, and the heat bonding temperature is 130~160 ℃;
E, oven dry: dry to moisture 4~6% with rotary drum dryer at last.
2. the production method of high strength easy-to-degrade fibrilia nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described needling process is designed to: first low frequency stings in advance reinforces fibre web 1 time, and stinging the acupuncture frequency in advance is 1000~1200 thorn/min; The high frequency master stings and reinforces fibre web 1~6 time then, and main thorn acupuncture frequency is 1500~3000 thorn/min.
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