CN101381822B - Method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming process and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming process and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101381822B CN101381822B CN2008102334603A CN200810233460A CN101381822B CN 101381822 B CN101381822 B CN 101381822B CN 2008102334603 A CN2008102334603 A CN 2008102334603A CN 200810233460 A CN200810233460 A CN 200810233460A CN 101381822 B CN101381822 B CN 101381822B
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- Prior art keywords
- steel
- temperature
- whipping agent
- porous foam
- crucible
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209456 Plumbago Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 foamed aluminiums Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for preparing porous blister steels through foaming of fused masses. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a foaming agent is flatly laid at the bottom of a crucible and covered with a stainless steel mesh, so as to prevent the foaming agent from floating upward; secondly, the crucible is placed into a heating furnace for heating until the temperature is 50 to 100 DEG C lower than the temperature that the foaming agent begins to discompose, and molten steels are poured into the crucible; thirdly, a heat-insulated heating device is utilized to adjust the temperature of the molten steels in the crucible until the temperature is 250 to 350 DEG C above the temperature that the foaming agent begins to discompose; and fourthly, after heat preserved stirring for 1 to 2 minutes, the crucible is taken out and air-cooled to the room temperature, and the porous blister steel materials are obtained. The method and the device can increase the residence time of the molten steels within a temperature region for decomposing the foaming agent, prevent the foaming agent from floating upward, and improve the structural characteristics and the distribution characteristics of holes of prepared samples, has simple technique, is easy to operate, and is an ideal method for preparing the porous blister steels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method for preparing the porous foam steel, especially a kind of method of utilizing foam melt method to prepare the porous foam steel, and the device of realizing this method belong to the porous material preparing technical field.
Background technology
Foamed metal is a kind of type material that grows up the forties in 20th century, at present the research of foamed metal is mainly concentrated in the research to low melting point metal, also is in the starting stage for the research of high-melting-point porous foam steel.
Development of modern industry is more and more higher to the structure and the performance requriements of material, not only requires lightweight for some exotic materialss, and also very high to the requirement of strength of material, material that uses as field of aerospace or the like.With respect to present research low melting point foamed metal such as foamed aluminium the most widely, blister steel has more outstanding advantage, such as: high rigidity, low-cost, high-melting-point and can holding altogether etc. with steel construction, especially the yield bearing stress of blister steel can reach more than the 90MPa, and the yield bearing stress of foamed aluminium is only below 30MPa, compare blister steel with foamed aluminium and have tangible high compressive strength, therefore no matter be aspect aspect of performance or practical application, blister steel has more wide research and practical prospect more than low melting point foamed metals such as foamed aluminiums, and the successful preparation of blister steel will play a role in promoting to the development of porous material.
At present, the method for preparing blister steel mainly is to adopt powder metallurgy sintered method, mainly there is following difficult point for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming: (1) molten steel temperature height, speed of cooling is fast during the casting foaming, and temperature stays the time short surely in whipping agent blowing temperature interval; When (2) molten steel was cast, it was bigger to produce buoyancy, and specific density is little mutually with molten steel for whipping agent, floated to the molten steel surface on a large amount of whipping agents, caused foaming effect bad; (3) whipping agent directly contacts with molten steel when casting, and whipping agent heats up rapidly and when reaching decomposition temperature, i.e. decomposition rapidly causes molten steel viscosity low, and gas is overflowed in a large number; (4) the bubble instability of Chan Shenging, because molten steel viscosity is low, the resistance that the bubble of generation is subjected in uphill process is little, causes product air pocket and bubble skewness phenomenon to occur.Because these technological difficulties, the method that foam melt method prepares the porous foam steel also is in the starting stage always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of porous foam steel, this method can prolong the residence time of whipping agent in the decomposition temperature interval, to overcome the phenomenon that whipping agent floats rapidly when casting, improve the distribution situation of bubble in product, prepare blister steel material with certain porosity.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of device for preparing the porous foam steel.
First purpose of the present invention is finished by following technical proposal: a kind of method of preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming is characterized in that comprising following process steps:
A, whipping agent is put in the process furnace bottom by 0.1～0.6% add-on of steel quality, whipping agent is fixed with the steel mesh cover;
B, with process furnace and whipping agent thereof heat-up rate with 5～10 ℃/min, be warming up to following 50～100 ℃ of insulations of temperature that whipping agent begins to decompose;
C, be 1450～1550 ℃ molten steel, be cast in the process furnace, stir molten steel with the rotating speed of 200～800r/min with fusion and teeming temperature, and within 250～350 ℃ of scopes more than the whipping agent decomposition starting temperature, insulated and stirred 1～2min;
D, taking-up molten steel air cooling get the porous foam steel to room temperature.
The steel mesh cover mesh number of described A step is 150～250 orders.
The whipping agent of described A step is Cr
2N or Mn
4N or other, wherein, Cr
2The decomposition starting temperature of N is 1055 ℃, Mn
4The decomposition starting temperature of N is 1164 ℃.
The molten steel kind of described C step is plain carbon stool or steel alloy.
Second purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of device for preparing the porous foam steel, comprise by furnace shell with cover, be located at the process furnace that furnace lining, flue and heating unit in the furnace shell constitute, it is characterized in that being provided with the steel mesh cover that prevents the whipping agent come-up in the flue bottom of process furnace, be provided with agitator in the flue, agitator passes bell and links to each other with drive-motor.So that when molten steel pours in the flue, under the agitaion of agitator, make molten steel under the whipping agent effect, form blister steel, be covered with effect by steel mesh simultaneously and prevent the whipping agent come-up, prolong the residence time of whipping agent in the decomposition temperature interval.
Described steel mesh cover is fixed on the whipping agent top of flue bottom, and the mesh number of steel mesh cover is made as 150～250 orders, and the setting of concrete order number is advisable can stop the whipping agent come-up.
Described flue is a plumbago crucible, and perhaps ceramic crucible perhaps is other.
Also be provided with thermoscope in the described flue, and be electrically connected with temperature controller, be used to control furnace temperature by lead.
Described agitator is made with plain carbon stool, and links to each other with motor, so that rotate under driven by motor.
The present invention has following advantage and effect: can increase molten steel in the interval time that stops of foaming agent decomposition temperature, effectively prevent the whipping agent come-up, the pore structure of blister steel and the distribution situation in hole have been improved, the not enough quality problems that influence blister steel such as the porous foam steel is rapid because of the whipping agent come-up easily in the preparation, bubble is excessive have fundamentally been solved, guarantee the foaming quality of molten steel, finally improved the quality of blister steel, apparatus structure provided by the invention is simple, and is easy to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 prepares the apparatus structure synoptic diagram of porous foam steel for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing device of the present invention is described further.
The device of preparation porous foam steel provided by the invention, furnace shell 5 tops of its process furnace are bell 3, be provided with furnace lining 4 and flue 6 in the furnace shell 5, heating unit 9 places furnace lining 4, between furnace bottom lining 10 and the flue 6, wherein be provided with the stainless steel steel mesh cover 7 that prevents the whipping agent come-up in flue 6 bottoms of process furnace, the mesh number of steel mesh cover 7 is 150 orders, and steel mesh cover 7 is fixed on whipping agent 11 tops of flue 6 bottoms by sodium silicate sand 8, be provided with the agitator made from plain carbon stool 2 in the flue 6, agitator 2 passes bell 3 and links to each other with drive-motor 1, motor 1 is electrically connected with frequency-variable controller 15 by lead 16, be used for motor speed is controlled between 200～800r/min, flue 6 adopts plumbago crucible, also be provided with thermoscope---thermopair 13 in it, thermopair 13 is electrically connected with temperature controller 14 by lead 16, is used for Control for Kiln Temperature below the whipping agent decomposition starting temperature 50～100 ℃, prevent that whipping agent from decomposing, as Fig. 1.
Below by embodiment the inventive method is described further.
Embodiment 1
A, with whipping agent Cr
2N is tiled in the crucible bottom of process furnace by 0.1% add-on of steel quality, covers on above the whipping agent with the steel mesh cover, is layered on sodium silicate sand and makes it sclerosis on the steel mesh, and the massfraction of water glass is 3% in the sodium silicate sand;
B, the crucible that contains whipping agent place in the process furnace, are warming up to 1005 ℃ of insulations, and heat-up rate is controlled at 5 ℃/min, is incubated to be cast;
C, be 1450 ℃ 45 molten steel, be cast in the crucible in the process furnace, liquid steel temperature in the crucible is transferred to 1350 ℃ be incubated, stir molten steel, insulated and stirred 1min with the rotating speed of 200r/min with fusion and teeming temperature;
D, taking-up crucible air cooling get the porous foam steel to room temperature.
A, with whipping agent Mn
4N is tiled in the crucible bottom of process furnace by 0.6% add-on of steel quality, covers on above the whipping agent with the steel mesh cover, is layered on sodium silicate sand and makes it sclerosis on the steel mesh, and the massfraction of water glass is 5% in the sodium silicate sand;
B, the crucible that contains whipping agent place in the process furnace, are warming up to 1064 ℃ of insulations, and heat-up rate is controlled at 10 ℃/min, is incubated to be cast;
C, be 1550 ℃ 40Cr steel alloy molten steel, be cast in the crucible in the process furnace, liquid steel temperature in the crucible is transferred to 1510 ℃ be incubated, stir molten steel, insulated and stirred 2min with the rotating speed of 800r/min with fusion and teeming temperature;
D, taking-up crucible air cooling get the porous foam steel to room temperature.
Result of implementation
The sample hole of two embodiment is evenly distributed, and all between 0.2～0.4mm, porosity can reach 21.0% and 21.2% respectively to size.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming is characterized in that comprising following process steps:
A, whipping agent is put in process furnace bottom by 0.1～0.6% of steel quality, whipping agent is fixed with the steel mesh cover;
B, with process furnace and whipping agent thereof heat-up rate with 5～10 ℃/min, be warming up to following 50～100 ℃ of insulations of temperature that whipping agent begins to decompose;
C, be 1450～1550 ℃ molten steel, be cast in the process furnace, stir molten steel with the rotating speed of 200～800r/min with fusion and teeming temperature, and within 250～350 ℃ of scopes more than the whipping agent decomposition starting temperature, insulated and stirred 1～2min;
D, taking-up molten steel air cooling get the porous foam steel to room temperature.
2. the method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming according to claim 1 is characterized in that the steel mesh cover mesh number of described A step is 150～250 orders.
3. the method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming according to claim 1, the whipping agent that it is characterized in that described A step is Cr
2N or Mn
4N, Cr
2The decomposition starting temperature of N is 1055 ℃, Mn
4The decomposition starting temperature of N is 1164 ℃.
4. the method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming according to claim 1, the molten steel kind that it is characterized in that described C step is plain carbon stool or steel alloy.
5. the device of a preparation porous foam steel as claimed in claim 1, comprise by furnace shell with cover, be located at the process furnace that furnace lining, flue and heating unit in the furnace shell constitute, it is characterized in that being provided with the steel mesh cover that prevents the whipping agent come-up in the flue bottom of process furnace, the steel mesh cover is fixed on the whipping agent top of flue bottom, and the mesh number of steel mesh cover is made as 150～250 orders, is provided with agitator in the flue, and agitator passes bell and links to each other with drive-motor.
6. the device of preparation porous foam steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that described flue is plumbago crucible, perhaps ceramic crucible.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102334603A CN101381822B (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming process and apparatus thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102334603A CN101381822B (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming process and apparatus thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101381822A CN101381822A (en) | 2009-03-11 |
| CN101381822B true CN101381822B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102334603A Expired - Fee Related CN101381822B (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2008-10-20 | Method for preparing porous foam steel by melt foaming process and apparatus thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103266259B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2015-12-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of vacuum foam preparation method of blister steel |
| CN115747603B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 | Porous superalloy material and preparation method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20100901 Termination date: 20121020 |