CN101380648B - Copper aluminum composite pipes shaping method - Google Patents

Copper aluminum composite pipes shaping method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101380648B
CN101380648B CN2008102334302A CN200810233430A CN101380648B CN 101380648 B CN101380648 B CN 101380648B CN 2008102334302 A CN2008102334302 A CN 2008102334302A CN 200810233430 A CN200810233430 A CN 200810233430A CN 101380648 B CN101380648 B CN 101380648B
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Prior art keywords
copper
aluminum composite
die cavity
composite pipes
copper pipe
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CN2008102334302A
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CN101380648A (en
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钟毅
张家涛
孙淑红
尹建成
高鹏
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a shaping method for a Cu-Al compound tube. In the method, a floating plug technology is combined with a continuous squeezing technology; on a single-wheel double-slot continuous squeezing wrapping machine, the floating plug is utilized for realizing to continuously wrap aluminum or an aluminum alloy with a certain thickness on the copper tube. For one aspect, the floatingplug plays the roles of supporting the copper tube and ensuring the intensity of a core for successful shaping; for the other aspect, the floating plug can freely float during the process of wrappingand shaping for achieving the demands on the size of an inner hole and the high precision of an inner surface, thus obtaining the Cu-Al compound tube which is metallurgically combined and achieving the combination between the continuous squeezing and the floating plug technology. The outer diameter of the Cu-Al compound tube is decided by the size of the inner hole of a cavity block. The method can realize the metallurgical compounding for the double metals of aluminum and copper, has a simple technique, saves energies, can realize continuous production, can effectively reduce the costs for the heat exchangers used for a refrigeratory and an air conditioning and has excellent application prospect.

Description

The method of copper aluminum composite pipes shaping
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copper aluminum composite pipes, relate in particular to a kind of manufacturing process of copper aluminum composite pipes.
Background technology
Copper aluminum composite pipes belongs to bimetal tube.Bimetal tube often is divided into following a few class by its purposes: 1) oil, chemical field corrosion resistant pipe, general internal lining pipe are that austenitic stainless steel, skin are mild steel: 2) wear-resistant composite bimetal pipe, general liner are rich chromium cast iron, the outside steel pipe that adopts; 3) house ornamentation composite bimetal pipe, general liner steel pipe is answered copper or aluminum pipe outward; 4) heat exchanger copper aluminum composite pipes, purpose be with aluminium for copper, reduce cost.
Copper pipe is present refrigerator, air-condition heat exchanger critical piece.Gradually under the background that China shifts, market competition is increasingly sharpened in world today's manufacturing industry, and reducing cost becomes the task of top priority of associated production enterprise.Guaranteeing that developing low-cost tubing is the key that reduces cost under the serviceability condition.With aluminum portions for copper, development of new copper aluminum composite pipes product, sterilization, the environmental requirement that both can keep copper pipe can reduce tubing again significantly, have good market prospects.Copper aluminum composite pipes is that a kind of internal layer is copper or copper alloy, and skin is an aluminum or aluminum alloy, the composite bimetal pipe that forms through metallurgical binding.It combines the characteristics of two kinds of metals of copper aluminium, heat conduction, conduction, with water compatible, weather-proof, durable, anti-oxidant, corrosion-resistant, intensity is higher, have sterilization, environmental protection characteristics, and proportion is little, cheap, the pure copper tube of alternative costliness extensively should be made air-conditioning, evaporator of refrigerator and condenser, refrigerator tube connector, fan coil, solar water heating pipe, heating installation radiating tube, copper running water pipe etc.With the air-conditioning is example, and the copper aluminum composite pipes that every use is 1 ton can be saved 850 kilograms of copper, and therefore every air-conditioning reduces cost 120 ~ 150 yuan.In addition, behind the employing aluminum bronze multiple tube, between the aluminium fin of tubing and air-conditioning electrochemical corrosion does not take place, long-term use does not reduce the effect of air-conditioning, can improve the Energy Efficiency Ratio of air-conditioning simultaneously.
The composite bimetal pipe manufacture method that generally adopts both at home and abroad is machinery applying (as hot extrusion, cold-drawn, cold spinning etc.) and a coating at present.The tubing that machinery applying method is produced, ectonexine Guan Wei reaches firm metallurgical binding, has the interlayer gap inevitably, can form crevice corrosion even cause pipeline obstruction, and the poor stability of use and service life are short.Although cheap, there are problems such as holiday, impact failure in the tubing of coating surface modification, does not reach due anti-corrosion effect, and the construction requirement flange connects the big and construction cost height of difficulty of construction.In recent years, there are new composite bimetal pipe manufacture method or technology to occur successively.(application number: 02113245.3) provided the method that the stainless steel and carbon steel multiple tube is made in argon arc welding, this method is had relatively high expectations to material welding performance, and production efficiency is low, is not suitable for the production of copper aluminum composite pipes as Chinese patent 1358946A.Patent 1375362A (application number 02114525.3) proposes at first to apply solder between parent tube and bushing pipe, and is cold drawn then compound, produces the stainless steel and carbon steel corrosion resistant pipe through the method for medium frequency inductive brazing again.This technology can effectively improve the bond strength of bimetal tube, and production efficiency is higher, but the material welding performance is required harshness, is not suitable for the making of copper aluminum composite pipes.(application number: 03131885.1) disclose the method that carbon steel-rich chromium cast iron wear-resistant composite tubes is produced in a kind of centrifugal casting, its technology comprises melting, casting, heat treatment etc. to patent 1565757A, and technological process is long, and control is complicated, production cost is high.Therefore, existing composite bimetal pipe production method is not suitable for the making of copper aluminum composite pipes product.
China is at the early-stage aspect the exploitation of al cu bimetal multiple tube, at present as yet not system grasp its compound production technology, the present invention proposes a kind of method with the continuously extruded coating production of copper of floating core head aluminium composite pipe, reach the aluminum bronze metallurgical binding, its technology is simple, production is low-cost and can realize serialization.
Continuously extruded coating technology can be realized the production of endless aluminium copper-clad line, but is subjected to the restriction of copper pipe intensity in the forming process of copper aluminum composite pipes, can't directly coat shaping.For improving copper pipe intensity, the researcher proposes following mode and improves: 1) copper pipe is interior irritates husky, 2) the interior plug of copper pipe metal bar, 3) the interior water filling of copper pipe.It is husky that experimental study is found to irritate in the copper pipe, can not solve the problem that copper pipe flattens in forming process at all, can't carry out the coating of aluminium smoothly; Can realize smoothly coating after filling in metal bar (rod iron) in the copper pipe, but can't take off rod, so can not adopt; With now fill with in the copper pipe water, after seal port, push coating again, because local temperature can reach more than 500 ℃ in the extruding coating process, water gasifies in a large number in causing managing, or making the port water pouring, it is less than the effect that improves copper pipe intensity, thereby this method can't be used.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve existing composite bimetal pipe technology and can't carry out the making of copper aluminum composite pipes and overcome in the single continuously extruded coating technology process deficiency such as bimetal tube shaping difficulty, provide a kind of technical matters simple, energy-conservation and can realize the compound and quantity-produced copper aluminum composite pipes shaping method of bimetal metallurgy.
The technical scheme of the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping of the present invention is: this method in turn includes the following steps:
(1) aluminium rod straightening is as coating material;
(2) the copper pipe surfaces externally and internally cleans, and as core, aluminium rod surface cleans, and removes degreasing and oxide;
(3) core print is packed into from copper pipe one end, core print embeds copper pipe;
(4) formpiston, the former die cavity of packing into is inserted in the press shoe of lifting the preheating die cavity after the die cavity assembling is finished;
(5) after die cavity reaches preheat temperature, put down press shoe and compress, the copper pipe that will have core print again passes the formpiston hole, start power supply, squeegee roller is rotated, while aluminium bar enters die cavity by the spout that extruding race and contact roller form, and realizes that by the frictional force between blank (core, coating material) and squeegee roller extruding coats in former under squeegee roller drives;
(6) after the copper aluminum composite pipes product is extruded by the former discharging opening, after cooling in the cooling bath, carry out oil removal treatment, on batching, collect then.
Described core print can freely move about in coating forming process, and core print rises and supports copper pipe, ensures core intensity, hole dimension and inner surface high-precision requirement in reaching.
The distance that described core print embeds copper pipe is 2~3mm.
Diameter of phi=the 9.5mm of described aluminium bar.
Described copper pipe also can be a copper alloy tube, and described aluminium bar also can be an aluminium alloy rod, and described copper aluminum composite pipes also can be the copper alloy aluminum alloy composite pipe.(thinking that 5 and 6,7 a bit repeat, suggestion deletion 5)
Described copper pipe also can be a copper alloy tube, 450 ℃~550 ℃ of described die cavity preheat temperatures.
Described aluminium bar also can be an aluminium alloy rod, and described aluminium bar is two, and imports the die cavity charging aperture by the squeegee roller race respectively under the pinch roller effect, and then imports chamber, will enter chamber simultaneously and coat towards the copper pipe that Way out moves.
A kind of continuously extruded coating unit, constitute by squeegee roller, pinch roller, press shoe, die cavity, formpiston, former, through heat treated formpiston and the former die cavity of packing into, the press shoe of lifting is put into after compressing with bolt in two ends, press shoe compresses according to hydraulic means, it is characterized in that: be provided with core print in the copper pipe as core, and core print can freely move about in coating forming process, core print rises and supports copper pipe, ensures core intensity, hole dimension and inner surface high-precision requirement in reaching, the die cavity preheat temperature can be regulated.
On the continuously extruded coating machine of single-wheel double flute, utilize floating core head, be implemented in and coat certain thickness aluminium on the copper pipe continuously.Floating core head works to support copper pipe on the one hand, ensures core intensity, thus shaping smoothly, and core print can freely move about in coating forming process on the other hand, hole dimension and inner surface high-precision requirement in reaching.The copper aluminum composite pipes external diameter is by hole dimension decision in the former.
The following (see figure 1) of the band continuously extruded coating principle of floating core head: the thin-wall copper pipe that front end is plugged with floating core head pierces into formpiston along nib, as core; Aluminium bar after aligning and cleaning is entered by the continuous extruder spout, as coating material, being assemblied in former by the frictional force of blank (core, coating material) with between squeegee roller under squeegee roller drives (is assemblied in the die cavity of preheating with formpiston, see Fig. 2, Fig. 3) interior realization extruding coating, the copper aluminum composite pipes product enters cooling and degreasing unit after by former discharging opening, former bolt hole, collects on taking-up equipment at last.
Core (copper pipe) and coat material and enter the extruding force of die cavity and coat the required pressure that is shaped and formed by core, the frictional force that coats between material and squeegee roller be out of shape and temperature requiredly can be transformed by friction mechanism, pushes with routine and compares energy-conservation 30%.But because core and all rolling supplies of coating material, thereby can guarantee blank (core or coating material) continuously, thus realize production continuously.Referring to Fig. 1, continuously extruded coating unit is made of squeegee roller, pinch roller, press shoe, die cavity etc.
The continuously extruded coating detailed process of copper aluminum composite pipes product is as follows:
1) mould assembling
Will be through heat treated formpiston and the former die cavity (Fig. 2) of packing into, the press shoe of lifting is put into after compressing with bolt in two ends.At last press shoe is put down and compressed, at last press shoe is put down and compressed, see Fig. 3.
2) punching
At first floating core head is filled in the thin-wall copper pipe front end, will be penetrated formpiston with the copper pipe front end edge formpiston bolt hole of floating core head then, enter former 2 ~ 3mm, see Fig. 4 up to the floating core head front end.
3) die cavity preheating
450 ℃ ~ 550 ℃ of preheat temperatures
4) continuously extruded coating
Two aluminium bars import the die cavity charging aperture by the squeegee roller race respectively under the pinch roller effect, and then import chamber, will enter chamber simultaneously and coat towards the copper pipe that Way out moves.
The inventive method combines the floating core head technology with continuously extruded technology, on the continuously extruded coating machine of single-wheel double flute, utilize floating core head, is implemented in and coats certain thickness aluminum or aluminum alloy on the copper pipe continuously.Floating core head works to support copper pipe on the one hand, ensures core intensity, thereby be shaped smoothly, core print can freely move about in coating forming process on the other hand, hole dimension and inner surface high-precision requirement in reaching, obtained the copper aluminum composite pipes of metallurgical binding, reached continuously extruded and combined with the floating core head technology.The copper aluminum composite pipes external diameter is by hole dimension decision in the former.This method can realize Cu-Al bimetal metallurgical compound, technology is simple, energy-conservation and can realize continuous production, can effectively reduce refrigerator, idle call heat exchanger cost, have a good application prospect.
Description of drawings
Further specify flesh and blood of the present invention with example below, but content of the present invention is not limited to this.
The continuously extruded coating unit of Fig. 1 the present invention, among the figure, 1 is the aluminium bar, and 2 is the squeegee roller race, and 3 is pinch roller, and 4 is squeegee roller, and 5 is press shoe, and 6 is die cavity.
Fig. 2 is a die cavity of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is mould assembling of the present invention, and among the figure, 1 is plug, charging hole, and 3 is formpiston, 4 is that bolt 1,5 is that bolt 2,6 is a former.
Fig. 4 is punching of the present invention.Among the figure, 1 is copper pipe, and 2 is floating core head.
The specific embodiment
The method of copper aluminum composite pipes shaping of the present invention in turn includes the following steps:
(1) metallized aluminum rod straightening;
(2) the copper pipe surfaces externally and internally cleans, and metallized aluminum bar surface clean is removed degreasing and oxide;
(3) core print is packed into from copper pipe one end, core print embeds copper pipe;
(4) copper pipe that will have core print passes nib, and the aluminium bar enters die cavity by the spout that extruding race and contact roller form simultaneously, realizes that by the frictional force between blank (core, coating material) and squeegee roller extruding coats in former under squeegee roller drives;
(5) after the copper aluminum composite pipes product is extruded by the former discharging opening, after cooling in the cooling bath, carry out oil removal treatment, on batching, collect then, pack at last, put in storage.
Embodiment 1: raw material is fine aluminium bar and copper tube that Φ 10mm wall thickness is 1mm (internal diameter 8mm) of two Φ 9.5mm, supporting respective flyweight core print, and former internal diameter Φ 12mm, the die cavity preheat temperature is 500 ℃, squeegee roller rotating speed 6rpm.
The result: obtain external diameter Φ 12mm, internal diameter is a Φ 8mm copper aluminum composite pipes, dimensional accuracy ± 0.05mm, metallized aluminum thickness 1mm, copper pipe is indeformable, and cage walls surfaces externally and internally precision is good.
Example 2: raw material is fine aluminium bar and copper tube that Φ 10mm wall thickness is 2mm (internal diameter 6mm) of two Φ 9.5mm, supporting respective flyweight core print, and former internal diameter Φ 12mm, the die cavity preheat temperature is 500 ℃, squeegee roller rotating speed 10rpm.
The result: obtain external diameter Φ 12mm, internal diameter is a Φ 8mm copper aluminum composite pipes, dimensional accuracy ± 0.08mm, metallized aluminum thickness 1mm, that copper pipe subtracts is thick, wall thickness is 1mm, and cage walls surfaces externally and internally precision is good.
Example 3: raw material is fine aluminium bar and copper tube that Φ 8mm wall thickness is 1mm (internal diameter Φ 6mm) of two Φ 9.5mm, supporting respective flyweight core print, and former internal diameter Φ 10mm, the die cavity preheat temperature is 480 ℃, squeegee roller rotating speed 10rpm.
The result: obtain external diameter Φ 10mm, internal diameter is a Φ 6mm copper aluminum composite pipes, dimensional accuracy ± 0.05mm, metallized aluminum thickness 1mm, copper pipe is indeformable, and cage walls surfaces externally and internally precision is good.

Claims (7)

1. the method for a copper aluminum composite pipes shaping is characterized in that this method in turn includes the following steps:
(1) aluminium rod straightening is as coating material;
(2) the copper pipe surfaces externally and internally cleans, and as core, aluminium rod surface cleans, and removes degreasing and oxide;
(3) core print is front loaded from copper pipe, core print embeds copper pipe;
(4) formpiston, the former die cavity of packing into is inserted in the press shoe of lifting the preheating die cavity after the die cavity assembling is finished;
(5) after die cavity reaches preheat temperature, put down press shoe and compress, the copper pipe front end that will have core print again passes the formpiston hole, start power supply, squeegee roller is rotated, the aluminium bar enters die cavity by the spout that extruding race and contact roller form simultaneously, and under squeegee roller drove, the frictional force that allow core, coats between material blank and squeegee roller realized that in former extruding coats;
(6) after the copper aluminum composite pipes product is extruded by the former discharging opening, after cooling in the cooling bath, carry out oil removal treatment, on batching, collect then.
2. the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described core print can freely move about in coating forming process, and core print supports copper pipe, ensures core intensity, hole dimension and inner surface accuracy in guaranteeing.
3. the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance that described core print embeds copper pipe is 2~3mm.
4. the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the diameter of phi=9.5mm of described aluminium bar.
5. the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described copper pipe replaces with copper alloy tube, and described aluminium bar replaces with aluminium alloy rod, and described copper aluminum composite pipes replaces with the copper alloy aluminum alloy composite pipe.
6. the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described copper pipe replaces with copper alloy tube, 450 ℃~550 ℃ of described die cavity preheat temperatures.
7. the method for copper aluminum composite pipes shaping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aluminium bar replaces with aluminium alloy rod, described aluminium bar is two, and under the pinch roller effect, import the die cavity charging aperture respectively by the squeegee roller race, and then the importing die cavity, will enter die cavity simultaneously and coat towards the copper pipe that Way out moves.
CN2008102334302A 2008-10-13 2008-10-13 Copper aluminum composite pipes shaping method Expired - Fee Related CN101380648B (en)

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