CN101376068A - Atmospheric vacuum distillation method and apparatus with vacuum flash vaporizer - Google Patents
Atmospheric vacuum distillation method and apparatus with vacuum flash vaporizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101376068A CN101376068A CNA2008101513451A CN200810151345A CN101376068A CN 101376068 A CN101376068 A CN 101376068A CN A2008101513451 A CNA2008101513451 A CN A2008101513451A CN 200810151345 A CN200810151345 A CN 200810151345A CN 101376068 A CN101376068 A CN 101376068A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/06—Vacuum distillation
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an atmospheric and vacuum distillation device with a vacuum flash tower and a method thereof. The atmospheric and vacuum distillation device with a vacuum flash tower is characterized in that the vacuum flash tower arranged in front of a vacuum furnace is connected with the vacuum furnace and a vacuum tower through a pump and a pipeline. Constant bottom oil (1) is introduced into the vacuum flash tower (2)at first, and the operation pressure at the top part of the vacuum flash tower is higher than the operation pressure at the top part of the vacuum tower (9) by10 to 200mmHg; Flash cap gas (3) is introduced into the upper part or the lower part of an outlet for a side product which is similar to Flash cap gas fraction; flash bottom oil (5) is introduced into the vacuum furnace (7) through a flash bottom oil pump (6); when the flash bottom oil is heated to 350 to 430 degrees, air-liquid mixing vacuum tower feed material is obtained through partial vaporization and is introduced into a flash evaporation segment (10) of the vacuum tower through a transfer line (8); and products with different fractions are drawn from the side of the vacuum tower and vacuum residue is drawn from the bottom of the vacuum tower. Through adding the vacuum flash tower to improve the working process of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device, the invention achieves the advantages of increasing treatment capacity, increasing vacuum distillation yield, and reducing energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the petroleum refining field, particularly a kind of atmospheric vacuum distillation method and equipment that has vacuum flasher.
Background technology
Crude oil atmospheric vacuum distillation is the faucet device in the petroleum refining, and the atmospheric and vacuum distillation technology adopts " two stoves, three towers " technological process more at present, and capital equipment comprises: primary distillation tower (or flash column), atmospheric pressure kiln, atmospheric tower, vacuum furnace and vacuum tower.
In recent years, very fast to the demand growth of fuel oil along with China's rapid economy development, many old atmospheric and vacuum distillation units need carry out capacity expansion revamping.And on the other hand, bigger variation has taken place in oil variety, character that a lot of oil refining apparatus are processed, cause the extracting rate of atmospheric tower or vacuum tower that very big change is arranged, under same process scale, atmospheric tower or vacuum tower, atmospheric pressure kiln or vacuum furnace often occur and can not satisfy the situation that treating capacity requires.Therefore need transform device, eliminate " bottleneck ", improve crude capacity.
If the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit transformation is only transformed existing equipment, then often can not satisfy the requirement that treating capacity improves.In order to give full play to the potential of device, reach desirable correctional effect, often need to change some key equipments, as atmospheric tower or vacuum tower, heating furnace etc., corresponding bigger one-time investment and the long downtime period brought.Chinese patent application 03108050.2 (publication number: CN 1194070C) disclose a kind of atmospheric and vacuum distillation of petroleum technology, the second depressurized distillation is partly adopted in decompression distillation, by increasing the one-level vacuum distillation tower newly, shift part normal pressure load and decompression stress respectively to the one-level vacuum tower, to satisfy the requirement that device improves processing capacity, obtained effect preferably.But owing to increased one-level vacuum furnace and one-level vacuum tower newly, plant investment is still bigger, and plant energy consumption does not have significant change.
If can realize a kind of modification scheme, can reduce one-time investment as far as possible, shorten downtime period simultaneously, reduce plant energy consumption, reach the treating capacity requirement of expection, in the plant modification project, be bound to obtain good economic benefit and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of atmospheric and vacuum distillation process and equipment that has vacuum flasher,, reach the raising treating capacity, improve the decompression extracting rate by increasing the technological process that vacuum flasher improves atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, and the purpose that cuts down the consumption of energy.This method is used for old plant modification, and it is little to have an investment, and the scrap build amount is few, the advantage that downtime period is short; This method is used for the new equipment design, has the advantage that equipment investment is little, technology is advanced rationally, energy consumption level is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit of band vacuum flasher of the present invention is that vacuum flasher is arranged on before the vacuum furnace, and vacuum flasher is connected with vacuum furnace, vacuum tower by pump and pipeline.
Described vacuum tower is fuels-type vacuum tower or lube type vacuum tower.
The method of operating of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit of band vacuum flasher of the present invention, be that oil of the normal end 1 is introduced into vacuum flasher 2, vacuum flasher is under reduced pressure operated, high 10～the 200mmHg of top operational pressure ratio vacuum tower 9 top pressures, above or below dodging that top gas 3 enters that certain sideline product close with dodging top gas cut extract out mouthful, dodge end oil 5 and enter vacuum furnace 7 through dodging end oil pump 6, dodge end oil and be heated to 350～430 ℃, the part vaporization obtains the vacuum tower charging of gas-liquid mixed state, enter the flash zone 10 of vacuum tower through oil transfer line 8, through the fractionation of vacuum tower, from the product of vacuum tower side line extraction different fractions, VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM is extracted decompression residuum out.
Flushing oil 4 is introduced on vacuum flasher top.Described flushing oil 4 derives from the depressurised side line products.
Described flash distillation tower overhead gas 3 accounts for 1～40% of oil of the normal end.
The atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit of band vacuum flasher of the present invention, the normal pressure part is identical with common atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, and decompression part main equipment comprises vacuum flasher, vacuum furnace, vacuum tower, comprises supporting pump and heat exchanger in addition.Oil of the normal end is introduced into vacuum flasher and carries out flash distillation, the flash distillation tower overhead gas enters the top or the middle part of vacuum tower through pipeline, oil enters vacuum furnace at the bottom of the flash column after the pump pressurization, and heating is after oil transfer line enters the flash zone of vacuum tower bottom, and each side line of vacuum tower is extracted product out.This technology has reduced the inlet amount of vacuum furnace by introducing vacuum flasher; The flash distillation tower overhead gas directly enters vacuum tower top or middle part, makes vacuum tower bottom gas phase load significantly reduce, and has eliminated " bottleneck " of vacuum tower treating capacity, and the disposal ability of vacuum tower is significantly improved.
To dodge top gas to the carrying secretly of liquid phase in order reducing, to reduce the degree of overlapping between each cut, improve the fractionation precision, in flow process of the present invention, can introduce flushing oil (4) on vacuum flasher top, flushing oil derives from the depressurised side line products; When also can not introducing flushing oil when not high to product fractionation required precision.
Vacuum tower among the present invention can be a fuels-type vacuum tower, also can be lube type vacuum tower; Can be the wet type operation, also can be the operation of dry type or little wet type; The sideline product number is not limit.
Be the fuels-type vacuum tower of wet type operation shown in the accompanying drawing, stripped vapor 11 is gone in the tower bottom blowing, and overhead oil vapour 12 goes pumped vacuum systems, and side line is extracted four products out: vacuum 1st side cut 13, second line of distillation 14, subtract three-way 15, subtract four lines 16, extract decompression residuum 17 at the bottom of the tower out.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the present invention introduces vacuum flasher, under the identical situation of relief portion divisional processing amount, has reduced the inlet amount of vacuum furnace.
(2) part of normal end oil changes the flash distillation tower overhead gas into and enters vacuum tower from the middle and upper part, makes vacuum tower bottom gas-liquid load significantly reduce, and has improved the disposal ability of vacuum tower.
(3) lighter cut no longer enters vacuum furnace in the normal end oil after the flash column flash distillation, helps reducing the boiler tube gas speed of vacuum furnace, thereby can improve the disposal ability of vacuum furnace; The minimizing of light fraction also helps reducing the oil transfer line pressure drop.
(4) the present invention makes vacuum column operation conditions improve by the optimization of technological process and equipment, and full tower pressure drop reduces, and helps improving the decompression extracting rate, improves product quality; Help reducing the thermic load of vacuum furnace simultaneously, reduce plant energy consumption.
(5) the entrained heat of normal end oil is fully utilized, and avoids light fraction to be repeated heating, helps reducing the device total energy consumption.
(6) use technology of the present invention old atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is transformed, can significantly improve the crude capacity of device by less change amount, equipment investment is little, short construction period.Use technology of the present invention and carry out the design of newly-built atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, then can reduce the main equipment scale, save investment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the process flow diagram that is the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit decompression part of band vacuum flasher.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is given further instruction in the advantage of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit transformation and design aspect, but therefore do not limit this method.
Embodiment 1:
Method of the present invention is used for certain atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit transformation, the normal pressure part is identical with common atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, the decompression part adopts the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit decompression flow process of band vacuum flasher as shown in Figure 1, and decompression part main equipment comprises vacuum flasher 2, vacuum furnace 7, vacuum tower 9.Oil of the normal end 1 is introduced into vacuum flasher 2 and carries out flash distillation, dodge top gas 3 enters vacuum tower 9 through pipeline top or middle part, dodge end oil 5 and enter vacuum furnace 7 heating through dodging end oil pump 6, the part vaporization obtains the vacuum tower charging of gas-liquid mixed state in vacuum furnace, enter the flash zone 10 of vacuum tower through oil transfer line 8, fractionation through vacuum tower, from the vacuum tower side line extract vacuum 1st side cut 13, second line of distillation 14 respectively out, subtract three-way 15, subtract 16 4 products of four lines, VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM is extracted decompression residuum 17 out, overhead oil vapour 12 goes pumped vacuum systems, and stripped vapor 11 is gone in the tower bottom blowing.Flushing oil 4 is introduced on vacuum flasher top, and flushing oil derives from second line of distillation 14.
Installing former treating capacity is 1,000,000 tons of/year crude oil.Former decompression flow process mainly comprises vacuum furnace, vacuum tower, and improved decompression flow process is identical with accompanying drawing, mainly comprises vacuum flasher, vacuum furnace and vacuum tower.Vacuum tower is a fuel type, dry type operation, and totally four sideline products, vacuum flasher top adds flushing oil, and stripped vapor is not enabled during normal running as backup means.
Vacuum flasher top operational pressure 75mmHg, vacuum flasher upper wash oil mass 2000kg/h dodges top tolerance and accounts for 19% of flash column inlet amount.Vacuum tower top operational pressure 15mmHg dodges top gas and enter vacuum tower above second line of distillation is extracted mouth out; Dodge end oil and be heated to 397.5 ℃ through vacuum furnace, enter the flash zone of vacuum tower, the vacuum tower side line is extracted vacuum 1st side cut out to subtracting four products of four lines, extracts decompression residuum at the bottom of the tower out.All do not steam out and carry steam in vacuum furnace and vacuum tower bottom.
This plant modification is transformed vacuum furnace, and the vacuum tower tower body reuses, and only the part tower internals is transformed, and the main equipment that increases newly has only vacuum flasher.Transform back device design working ability and bring up to 1,200,000 tons/year, can reach 1,500,000 tons/year, relief portion divisional processing ability has improved about 50%; Plant energy consumption reduces by 1.5%, the extracting rate that reduces pressure has improved 8.3% (to crude oil), has obtained good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment 2:
Method of the present invention is used for certain newly-built atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit design, and except that not introducing the flushing oil on vacuum flasher top, all the other flow processs are with identical shown in the accompanying drawing 1.
Unit capacity is 5,000,000 tons of/year crude oil.The decompression flow process mainly comprises vacuum flasher, vacuum furnace and vacuum tower.Vacuum tower is a fuel type, little wet type operation, totally four sideline products.Vacuum flasher top does not add flushing oil.
Vacuum flasher top operational pressure 35mmHg dodges top tolerance and accounts for 32% of flash column inlet amount.Vacuum tower top operational pressure 15mmHg dodges top gas and enter vacuum tower above second line of distillation is extracted mouth out; Dodge end oil and be heated to 425 ℃ through vacuum furnace, enter the flash zone of vacuum tower, the vacuum tower side line is extracted vacuum 1st side cut out to subtracting four products of four lines, extracts decompression residuum at the bottom of the tower out.A small amount of stripped vapor is blown in the vacuum tower bottom, and quantity of steam is 0.36% of a decompression residuum amount.
Adopt flow process of the present invention, vacuum tower maximum gauge section tower diameter is Φ 6400mm, as adopts common flow process, and then vacuum tower maximum gauge section tower diameter is Φ 7800mm, and the appliance arrangement investment can significantly reduce.
Embodiment 3:
Be used for certain newly-built atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit design with method of the present invention, flushing oil is not introduced on vacuum flasher top, and depressurised side line products quantity is 6, and side line adds stripper, and all the other flow processs are with identical shown in the accompanying drawing 1.
Unit capacity is 8,000,000 tons of/year crude oil.The decompression flow process mainly comprises vacuum flasher, vacuum furnace and vacuum tower.Vacuum tower is lubricated oil type, wet type operation, totally 6 sideline products.Vacuum flasher top does not add flushing oil.
Vacuum flasher top operational pressure 200mmHg dodges top tolerance and accounts for 4.7% of flash column inlet amount.Vacuum tower top operational pressure 25mmHg dodges top gas and enter vacuum tower below tower top vacuum 1st side cut is extracted mouth out; Dodge end oil and be heated to 373 ℃ through vacuum furnace, enter the flash zone of vacuum tower, the vacuum tower side line is extracted vacuum 1st side cut out to subtracting six products of six lines, extracts decompression residuum at the bottom of the tower out.Vacuum furnace is annotated vapour, steams out and carry steam in the vacuum tower bottom, and the steam total amount is 2.0% of a decompression residuum amount.
Adopt flow process of the present invention, vacuum tower maximum gauge section tower diameter is Φ 10200mm, as adopts common flow process, and then vacuum tower maximum gauge section tower diameter is Φ 10800mm, and the appliance arrangement investment can significantly reduce.
The atmospheric vacuum distillation method and the equipment of the band vacuum flasher that the present invention proposes, be described by preferred embodiment, person skilled obviously can be in not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope to structure as herein described with technical method is changed or suitably change and combination, realize the technology of the present invention.Special needs to be pointed out is, the replacement that all are similar and change apparent to those skilled in the artly, they are regarded as being included in spirit of the present invention, scope and the content.
Claims (7)
1. the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation that has vacuum flasher is characterized in that vacuum flasher is arranged on before the vacuum furnace, and vacuum flasher is connected with vacuum furnace, vacuum tower by pump and pipeline.
2. the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation that has vacuum flasher as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described vacuum tower is fuels-type vacuum tower or lube type vacuum tower.
3. the process of the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation that has vacuum flasher of claim 1, it is characterized in that oil of the normal end (1) is introduced into vacuum flasher (2), high 10～the 200mmHg of vacuum flasher top operational pressure ratio vacuum tower (9) top pressure, above or below dodging that top gas (3) enters that certain sideline product close with dodging top gas cut extract out mouthful, dodge end oil (5) and enter vacuum furnace (7) through dodging end oil pump (6), dodge end oil and be heated to 350～430 ℃, the part vaporization obtains the vacuum tower charging of gas-liquid mixed state, enter the flash zone (10) of vacuum tower through oil transfer line (8), fractionation through vacuum tower, from the product of vacuum tower side line extraction different fractions, VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM is extracted decompression residuum out.
4. the process that has the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation of vacuum flasher as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described vacuum tower is wet type operation or dry type operation or the operation of little wet type.
5. the process that has the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation of vacuum flasher as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that at vacuum flasher top introducing flushing oil (4).
6. the process that has the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation of vacuum flasher as claimed in claim 5, the flushing oil (4) under it is characterized in that derives from the depressurised side line products.
7. the process that has the device and atmospheric and vacuum distillation of vacuum flasher as claimed in claim 3, the flash distillation tower overhead gas (3) under it is characterized in that accounts for 1～40% of oil of the normal end.
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| CNA2008101513451A CN101376068A (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2008-09-17 | Atmospheric vacuum distillation method and apparatus with vacuum flash vaporizer |
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| CNA2008101513451A CN101376068A (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2008-09-17 | Atmospheric vacuum distillation method and apparatus with vacuum flash vaporizer |
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