CN101365508A - Venturi geometry design for flow-generator patient circuit - Google Patents
Venturi geometry design for flow-generator patient circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101365508A CN101365508A CNA2006800413987A CN200680041398A CN101365508A CN 101365508 A CN101365508 A CN 101365508A CN A2006800413987 A CNA2006800413987 A CN A2006800413987A CN 200680041398 A CN200680041398 A CN 200680041398A CN 101365508 A CN101365508 A CN 101365508A
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- general
- purpose interface
- interface
- patient
- pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
- A61M16/0666—Nasal cannulas or tubing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M16/0009—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration
- A61M16/0012—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration by Venturi means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
- A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
- A61M16/0858—Pressure sampling ports
Abstract
Provided is a universal interface adapted for providing continuous positive airway pressure to a patient when the interface is used with a standard ventilator. The interface is configured to operate at a supply pressure no greater than about 120 centimeters of H2O in order to deliver pressure to the patient of up to about 15 cm of H2O at a flow rate of up to about 12 liters/minute. The universal interface may comprise an interface body having a space pair of breathing passageways intersecting a corresponding of supply passageways. Each one of the breathing passageways is composed of a patient passageway and an exhalation passageway. Each one of the supply passageways includes a jet venturi having a taper portion. Each one of the exhalation passageways includes a taper portion which tapers outwardly along a direction from the patient passageway toward the exhalation passageway.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to breathing equipment, more specifically, relate to the general-purpose interface that is used for breathing equipment, this general-purpose interface is particularly suited for providing continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) when interface and standard respiratory organ together use, and further be configured with unique geometry to increase retardance pressure (promptly with the supply pressure of minimum and the exhalation resistance that reduces, patient's pressure), so that improve the breathing behavior.
Background technology
To use breathing equipment be well-known to breathing impaired patient.Usually, this class device is by allowing the suitable exchange of suction and breath, and coming provides gas-pressurized to wither to prevent pulmonary to patient pulmonary simultaneously, thereby helps patient respiration.Adopt this mode, traditional respiratory organ can make patient's spontaneous respiration, keeps simultaneously to patient pulmonary and applies continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
The above breathing equipment of putting forward type has been proved the impaired patient of respiration capability effective.For example, the baby of idiozona pneumonopathy or other complication may need to use the CPAP treatment to breathe support.Ideally, the CPAP treatment is delivered to mouth, nose with constant and pressure stable or carries by being inserted in the tracheal casing pipe among the baby.Meet original intention substantially although the use of this device is proved, the breathing equipment of this class prior art has the particular design defective, and these defectives can weaken its whole effectiveness and satisfaction.
For example, the type of device of flow-generator for when providing CPAP treatment to handle, can together using with above-mentioned breathing equipment.As mentioned above, in the CPAP venting process, gases at high pressure must supply to patient's air flue on basis of constant.Thus, flow-generator can together use with traditional respiratory organ.Unfortunately, the operating pressure of traditional respiratory organ is usually less than the CPAP treatment and handles required pressure.
Therefore, the flow-generator of prior art is levied a kind of design defect of showing and is, this class flow-generator need use glut pressure, so that locate to produce sufficient pressure patient.More specifically, be understandable that the flow-generator of this class prior art need be up to 205 centimetres H
2The O supply pressure is so that locate to produce H up to about 10 to 15 centimetres patient
2O.Yet Federal Specification limits available supply pressure amount in the CPAP of given patient treatment.For example, in neonate, the maximum supply pressure of recommendation is limited in the H of 120 centimetres (cm)
2O.And the flow-generator of prior art needs high supply pressure (for example, the H of 205cm
2O), so that realize the flow velocity of 12 liters/minute (LPM) that patient is required.
Can be contemplated that high-risk supply pressure required in the flow-generator of prior art can bring injured danger to patient.For example, the high pressure in the patient airway can cause the infringement to pulmonary and other organ.In addition, the patient airway interior exposed can cause other respiratory complication in high pressure.Another defective relevant with the flow-generator of prior art is, can cause that to the demand of glut pressure performance number increases, so that produce patient's force value of wishing.Thus, the flow-generator of prior art relative nullity rate and dangerous when being used for the CPAP treatment.
As seen, have the demand to following general-purpose interface in the prior art, this general-purpose interface can be suitable for providing continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with the supply gas pressure that reduces, so that minimize the risk that is caused by the excess pressure in the patient airway.And, there is the demand that is used for the general-purpose interface of CPAP ventilation to following in the prior art, this interface is set to be no more than the H of about 120cm
2Together operate with the standard respiratory organ under the supply pressure of O, so that provide H at patient place up to about 15cm according to supply pressure
2O.
In addition, have the demand that is used for the general-purpose interface of CPAP treatment to following in the prior art, this interface is set to provide up to about 12 liters/minute flow velocity to patient, and supply pressure is limited to the H of 120cm simultaneously
2O.In addition, there is the demand that is used for the general-purpose interface of CPAP treatment to following in the prior art, the comparatively simple therefore design of this interface is cheap, and is set to especially keep the positive airway pressure that patient locates with minimum supply pressure in the resistance that reduces to breathe out, so that improve the breathing behavior.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has and alleviates the disadvantages associated of the flow-generator of above-mentioned prior art especially in mind.More specifically, the present invention is a kind of general-purpose interface, and it is suitable for using compares the supply gas pressure that reduces with the flow-generator of prior art continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is provided.Adopt this mode, general-purpose interface of the present invention minimizes the risk of being brought by pressure excessive in the patient airway.
More specifically, general-purpose interface of the present invention is set to especially at the H that is about 120 centimetres (cm)
2Together operate with the standard respiratory organ under the maximum supply pressure of O, so that carry H to patient under up to about 12 liters/minute flow velocity up to about 15cm
2The pressure of O.Preferably, provide the efficient of increase, reason to be that this general-purpose interface operates with the supply pressure that reduces, constant normal pressure still is provided in patient's air flue simultaneously at the general-purpose interface of this structure.And described general-purpose interface has been realized above-mentioned target, and suction and the pressure drag during the exhalation stage at patient respiration are minimized.
By in the specific part of interface agent, comprising unique tapered geometry, just be easy to reduce the operating pressure in general-purpose interface of the present invention.More specifically, general-purpose interface comprises a pair of exhalation passage and feed path, and each passage is provided with tapering part.This tapering part is configured such that in suction especially and the pressure drag during breathing out minimizes.
It should be noted that general-purpose interface both can be configured to Noninvasive CPAP treatment, also can be configured to invasive CPAP treatment.Use is installed in the nose segment element or the facial masks of patient head, just is easy to the Noninvasive CPAP treatment that realizes that general-purpose interface carries out.Replacedly, general-purpose interface can be suitable for invasive CPAP treatment, wherein, tracheal casing pipe can be inserted among the patient and provide air to patient pulmonary.
If use the nose segment element, then preferably by soft and the rubber-like polymeric material forms, this material provides the comfort surface against patient skin to the nose segment element.Air is by being formed on the nose that a pair of nostril engaging lever in the nose segment element imports patient, and this is provided at effective fluid path between patient's nose and the general-purpose interface to the nostril engaging lever.The nostril engaging lever comprises the peripheral wall with D shape structure, to follow the patient nostril anatomically.
Described general-purpose interface can comprise manometer tube and the supply pipe that stretches out from its two opposite sides.Supply pipe can be contained in general-purpose interface, during the CPAP treatment gas is supplied to patient from source of the gas.Included manometer tube is provided between patient's respiratory period and carries out tonometric device.Compression fittings and supply joint can be contained in general-purpose interface, to be convenient to setting pressure pipe and supply pipe respectively.
Interface agent can comprise the respiration channel of a pair of almost parallel that separates.A pair of corresponding feed path also can be contained in general-purpose interface, and connects with corresponding respiration channel fluid.Interface agent also can have a pair of exhalation passage that separates, its also fluid be connected to separately a respiration channel.Feed path can with respiration channel coaxial alignment roughly, to be easy to flow into supply gas.Each respiration channel includes the passageways of patients that stops at a pair of patient ports place, and the nostril engaging lever of nose segment element is connected to this to patient ports.Exhalation passage and passageways of patients intersect with common formation respiration channel.Passageways of patients can intersect each other with about 20 ° of extremely about 60 ° angles with the exhalation passage, but also can use arbitrarily angled.
Each feed path is set to for example during the sucting stage of breath cycle gas-pressurized be introduced passageways of patients.Supplying with manifold can be integrally formed with general-purpose interface, so that to the respiration channel supply pressure.Supply with manifold and can have the feed path that stretches out from this, this feed path is set to gas-pressurized is introduced the inside of each feed path, and finally is incorporated into passageways of patients.Be communicated with the source of the gas fluid via supply pipe owing to supply with manifold, thus supply with the gas-pressurized of manifold reception from source of the gas, and this gas is introduced passageways of patients via a pair of jet venturis.It should be noted that each jet venturis includes the tapered geometry that is used to improve performance.
More specifically, the tapering part of each jet venturis is along outwards forming taper from supplying with manifold to the direction of passageways of patients.The taper angle of tapering part from about 0.5 ° to about 10 ° scope, and be preferably about 2.5 °.Jet venturis can have cone shape, and thus, tapering part limits a minor diameter.Be also to be noted that feed path can be set to various cross sectional shapes, for example rectangle, ellipse or circular shape.
If be set to circular section shape at described minor diameter place at least, then the equal preferred length of the tapering part of each jet venturis be in tapering part minor diameter about 0.25 to about 3 times scope.In addition, the constant cross-section part can be arranged at least one jet venturis with tapering part.If comprise this constant cross-section part, then its limit length preferably minor diameter about 2.5 to about 2 times scope.
Each exhalation passage also preferably include along from passageways of patients to the outside tapered tapering part of the direction of exhalation passage.The tapering part of each exhalation passage all preferably has from about 0.5 ° of taper angle of (preferred about 5 °) to about 10 ° scope.The exhalation passage can have the cross sectional shape of essentially rectangular, but also can use other cross sectional shapes such as circle, ellipse etc.Tapering part limits a little width that is formed on an exhalation passage and a corresponding passageways of patients intersection.
The tapering part of exhalation passage preferably limit its length the little width of exhalation passageway cone part about 0.25 to about 3 times scope.The constant cross-section part is arranged in the exhalation passage with tapering part alternatively.If comprise this constant cross-section part, its little width preferably equals the little width of tapering part so, and the length of this constant interface portion be in little width about 0.25 to about 2 times scope.
Because the geometry (that is, tapered geometry) of jet venturis and exhalation passage uniqueness can be breathed out from patient's mouth effectively from patient's exhalation air.In addition, supply with manifold and pass jet venturis because the supply gas that is provided is derived from, so can suck air effectively.General-purpose interface can further comprise for the pressure channel that carries out the usefulness of pressure measxurement at the patient airway place.Thus, pressure transducer can be placed with the pressure channel fluid and be communicated with, thereby can measure patient's pressure.
Description of drawings
By referring to accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other advantage of the present invention will become more clear, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the general-purpose interface of the present invention that uses on patient's face;
Fig. 2 is the decomposition diagram of the general-purpose interface that patient wore shown in Figure 1, this interface agent that illustrates has the supply joint and the compression fittings that can be attached to this interface agent, and has along each supply pipe and manometer tube that stretches out since supply joint and compression fittings of patient's head;
Fig. 3 be general-purpose interface along the diagram of exhalation manifold towards perspective view, the manifold of wherein breathing out is integrally formed in the interface agent;
Fig. 4 a is that exhalation passage and jet venturis that this illustrates all have tapering part along the sectional view of the interface agent of the line 4-4 intercepting of Fig. 2, and described tapering part is set to be used to minimize supply pressure and reduce the resistance of breathing out separately especially;
Fig. 4 b is that exhalation passage that this illustrates and jet venturis also have the constant cross-section part except tapering part along the sectional view of the interface agent of the line 4-4 intercepting of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view along the interface of the line 5-5 of Fig. 2 intercepting, this feed path that illustrates have from this stretch out and with a pair of jet venturis of passageways of patients coaxial alignment;
Fig. 6 is the side view of interface agent that the relative orientation of exhalation manifold and pressure manifold is shown;
Fig. 7 is the front view of interface agent, and this illustrates around the hoistway part of a pair of passageways of patients and further illustrate and leads to hoistway part and the pressure channel between a pair of passageways of patients; With
Fig. 8 illustrates the partial cross-sectional top view of interface agent of L shaped pressure channel that partly extends to the pressure portion of interface agent from the hoistway of interface agent.
The specific embodiment
Referring now to accompanying drawing,, wherein, these the diagram purposes only be to illustrate the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and and be not intended to restriction the present invention, Fig. 1 indicative icon is applied to the general-purpose interface 20 of infant patient 12.Manometer tube 72 and supply pipe 74 that general-purpose interface 20 comprises on the two opposite sides that is attached at this general-purpose interface 20 and extends around patient's 12 heads.As mentioned above, general-purpose interface 20 of the present invention is particularly suited for, and when this general-purpose interface 20 together uses with the standard respiratory organ, provides continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with the supply pressure that reduces to patient 12.
Particularly, general-purpose interface 20 is configured to especially, at the H that is no more than about 120 centimetres (cm)
2The pressure of O is operation down, so that transmit H up to 10 to 15cm to patient under up to 12 liters/minute flow velocity
2The pressure of O.Thus, general-purpose interface 20 of the present invention provides the efficient of increase, and reason is that general-purpose interface 20 reduces for the required supply pressure of constant normal pressure is provided in patient 12 air flue.In addition, general-purpose interface 20 is set to especially, in the suction of breathing with during the exhalation stage pressure drag is minimized.By operating required H
2The O supply pressure is reduced to low reaching and is no more than about 120 centimetres, is easy to make general-purpose interface 20 to realize above-mentioned target.
By in a pair of exhalation passage 64 and in a pair of jet venturis (jet venturis) 56 of correspondence, comprising unique tapered geometry, make general-purpose interface 20 realize reducing of operating pressure, wherein jet venturis 56 will be supplied with manifold 50 and interconnect to a pair of passageways of patients 38.General-purpose interface 20 can be provided for for example using as shown in Figure 1 the mouth adapter or the Noninvasive CPAP of nose segment element 16 to use.Nose segment element 16 can be installed on the general-purpose interface 20, and preferably is configured to follow in anatomical terms patient 12 nostril 14, baby's for example shown in Figure 1 nostril 14.
Preferably, the nostril engaging lever outwards outstanding from interface is provided with the peripheral wall with D shape structure, to follow patient 12 nostril 14 in anatomical terms.Thus, the nose segment element 16 that can comprise in the present invention is similar to the nose segment element that following patent application is shown and describe, promptly, reined in the publication number that is entitled as " infant breathes auxiliary device (InfantBreathing Assist Apparatus) " that people such as (Stenzler) submits on October 30th, 2003 by Sarah Strange and be 20030200970 the U.S. Patent application through announcing, the full content of this patent application specially is incorporated into this by reference.
General-purpose interface 20 of the present invention also preferable configuration is used for invasive CPAP application, for example tracheal casing pipe can be inserted in the patient in this application.In using CPAP treatment processing, this tracheal casing pipe can combine application with general-purpose interface 20.Yet because the baby breathes with nose usually, so can predict, general-purpose interface 20 uses more generally in Noninvasive CPAP treatment.Thus, nose segment element 16 or mask interface can be arranged on patient 12 the nose and/or mouth.Preferably, no matter general-purpose interface 20 is used for invasive CPAP application or is used for Noninvasive CPAP application, and this interface all specifically is set to, and makes minimum pressure to being no more than about 120 centimetres H
2O is so that carry up to about H of 10 to 15cm to patient
2The pressure of O.
As shown in Figure 1, general-purpose interface 20 can be installed on the patient 12, and can have the manometer tube 72 that extends from a side of this general-purpose interface 20.Supply pipe 74 can extend from the opposite side of this general-purpose interface 20.Supply pipe 74 is set to, and makes gas supply to patient 12 from source of the gas 76 during the CPAP treatment.Manometer tube 72 is provided to use for the device of respiratory period measurements patient 12 place's pressure.Working pressure pick off or other pressure-measuring instruments can be easy to carry out this pressure measxurement.
Referring now to Fig. 2,, in the mode of perspective view general-purpose interface 20 is shown, wherein, this general-purpose interface 20 comprises interface agent 22.Fig. 2 also illustrates supply joint 66 and the compression fittings 70 on the two opposite sides that is arranged on interface agent 22.As mentioned above, but working pressure joint 70 manometer tube 72 is linked to each other with interface agent 22, and simultaneously can use supply joint 66 that supply pipe 74 is linked to each other with interface agent 22.On the supply joint 66 and on compression fittings 70 flange 68 can be set, so that make these two joints be easy to link to each other with interface agent 22.
Ideally, the size of interface agent 22 is designed complementary mutually so that mounted thereto with the flange 68 of supply joint 66 and compression fittings 70 with structure.Thus, can use several different methods that supply joint 66 and compression fittings 70 are connected to interface agent 22, these methods include, but are not limited to sonic welded (sonic welding), bonding and frictional fit.Preferably, by supply joint 66 and compression fittings 70 are set to and interface agent 22 isolating members, be easy to carry out the assembling and the manufacturing of general-purpose interface 20.
Referring to Fig. 2 and 5, interface agent 22 is shown, and with regard to it the most in the broadest sense, interface agent 22 can comprise a pair of respiration channel that separates 34, respiration channel 34 has a pair of feed path 54 of the correspondence of fluid connection with it, and has a pair of exhalation passage 64 that is connected with respiration channel 34 fluids.Can observe, described a pair of feed path 54 can with respiration channel 34 rough alignment.For example, feed path 54 can be coaxial with respiration channel 34.Each respiration channel 34 includes the passageways of patients 38 that terminates near patient ports 36 places of general-purpose interface 20 near-ends.
Passageways of patients 38 preferably is adapted to supply gas to patient 12.Exhalation passage 64 preferably was suitable for discharging gas from patient 12 during the exhalation stage of breath cycle.Exhalation passage 64 is preferred to intersect with passageways of patients 38, with formation respiration channel 34.As Fig. 4 a and 4b as seen, passageways of patients 38 can with exhalation passage 64 intersect into about 20 ° to about 60 ° angle, although can predict, passageways of patients 38 and exhalation passage 64 can suitable arbitrarily angle intersect each other.
As mentioned above, in order to strengthen the performance of general-purpose interface 20 during the CPAP treatment, the passageways of patients 38 that each feed path 54 is all preferred and corresponding axially aligns.Each feed path 54 also preferably is set to, and for example gas-pressurized is introduced passageways of patients 38 during the sucting stage of breath cycle.Thus, passageways of patients 38 and exhalation passage 64 preferably are set to, and the operating pressure that reduces is provided, and, supply pressure are restricted to the H that is no more than about 120cm that is
2O.
As shown in drawings, interface agent 22 has near near-end 24 (being arranged on the patient ports 36) and near far-end 26 (be arranged on and supply with port 46 and the pressure port 52).Best as shown in Figure 5, what extend between near-end 24 and far-end 26 is passageways of patients 38, and it is by corresponding a pair of feed path 54 and 50 interconnection of supply manifold.The passageways of patients 38 preferred settings that concern to be parallel to each other.Supplying with manifold 50 has from horizontal outward extending feed path 54 wherein.Feed path 54 interconnects a pair of passageways of patients 38 of correspondence with supplying with manifold 50, as shown in Figure 5.
Thus, interface agent 22 comprises supplies with manifold 50, and it has the feed path 54 that extends from wherein, being used for that gas-pressurized is introduced each feed path 54 inside, and finally introduces passageways of patients 38.As mentioned above, gas-pressurized can supply to interface agent 22 via the supply pipe 74 that draws gas-pressurized from source of the gas 76.Supplying with manifold 50 will branch to from the fluid of supply pipe 74 in each passageways of patients 38.
Is communicated with source of the gas 76 fluids by supply pipe 74 owing to supply with manifold 50, so supply manifold 50 can receive the gas-pressurized from source of the gas 76, and with described gas via a pair of jet venturis 56 introducing passageways of patients 38.Preferably, this geometry that in jet venturis 56 each is all had taper strengthens to be used for performance.As Fig. 2-4b as seen, supply with manifold 50 cross sectional shape with substantially elliptical can be set, also can be arranged to arbitrary dimension and structure, comprise such as replaceable cross sectional shapes circular and rectangle or its combination etc. but supply with manifold 50.
Near-end 24 places at interface agent 22 are provided with hoistway part 28, and a pair of patient ports 36 is passed this hoistway part 28 and stretched out.Patient ports 36 is shown as the substantial cylindrical hollow tubular member.Hoistway part 28 can roughly be set to by one group of hoistway wall 30 and hoistway diapire 32 common rectangle, opening, the case shape structures that form that form hoistway part 28 bottoms.Patient ports 36 can be set to roughly stretch out and surpass the top edge of hoistway wall 30, as shown in drawings.Thus, hoistway part 28 can be particularly suited for being used for assembling therein nose segment element 16.Each patient ports 36 can comprise the slit 40 that is formed on its inboard.Slit 40 can be easy to adopt ad hoc fashion to carry out the pressure measxurement at patient 12 places by pressure manifold 44, and described mode makes a more detailed description hereinafter.
Referring to Fig. 6-8, shown interface agent 22 has integrally formed with it pressure manifold 44.Can observe, pressure manifold 44 comprises exhalation port 62 in the form of a substantially rectangular, and its size and structure are designed to and compression fittings 70 complementations.As mentioned above, pressure channel 48 is provided for during the CPAP treatment is handled and carries out pressure measxurement at patient 12 places.As shown in Figure 8, pressure channel 48 can extend to the hoistway opening 42 that is formed on the hoistway diapire 32 from pressure port 46, but pressure channel also can be set to straight channel or any interchangeable shape.
Best as shown in Figure 7, hoistway opening 42 is provided with a little more than a pair of passageways of patients 38 and roughly is in this between the passageways of patients 38.Because a pair of relative slit 40, the open nature of patient ports 36 allows to carry out the pressure measxurement at patient 12 places.Although pressure channel 48 is shown as roughly L shaped in vertical view, and have and roughly become orthogonal cross section, but can predict, pressure port 46 can form arbitrary structures, comprise and have the substantial linear setting, wherein, pressure channel 48 is from the hoistway opening 42 of the near-end 24 of interface agent 22 pressure port 46 straight-line extensions towards far-end 26 places of interface agent 22.
Yet, in order to make patient's 12 comfortable general-purpose interfaces 20 of wearing, can predict, pressure port 46 is usually located on the two opposite sides of supplying with port 52 positions, and manometer tube 72 and supply pipe 74 can extend on its two opposite sides around patient's 12 heads.And, although pressure channel 48 is shown as cross section in the form of a substantially rectangular as shown in Figure 7, can predict, pressure channel 48 replacedly is set to comprise the different shape and the size of circle and/or elliptical shape in cross-section.
Still referring to Fig. 2-6, shown interface agent 22 has the exhalation manifold 60 that is integrally formed therewith.Best as Fig. 4 a and 4b as seen, exhalation manifold 60 intersects at a certain angle with passageways of patients 38.Preferably, exhalation manifold 60 comprises the exhalation passage 64 that extends and intersect with passageways of patients 38 from exhalation port 62.
During the exhalation stage of breathing, greater than the area of section of feed path 54, this just allows effectively the exhalation air to be breathed out the area of section of exhalation passage 64 relatively.Preferably, the various funtion parts of interface agent 22 (that is, pressure manifold 44, supply manifold 50, exhalation manifold 60, respiration channel 34) preferably and alternatively are integrally formed in the interface agent 22, are beneficial to the assembling and the manufacturing of these funtion parts.And the relative size of respiration channel 34, passageways of patients 38, pressure channel 48, feed path 54 and exhalation passage 64 and shape help reducing to block mobile pressure drag, and according to supply gas pressure, can be set to produce the flow velocity of hope.
Importantly, each feed path 54 includes jet venturis 56, and its special setting has the tapering part 78 that forms along its inwall 58.Tapering part 78 is along outwards forming taper from supplying with manifold 50 to the direction of passageways of patients 38, so that make the sucting stage of CPAP treatment be easy to carry out.Can predict the taper angle θ of tapering part 78
sBe arranged on about 0.5 ° to about 10 ° scope, and be preferably about 2.5 °.With compare in order in the conventional flow generator, to produce the required supply gas pressure of patient's 12 pressure, adopt this mode, reduced the demand of supply gas pressure, required patient's 12 pressure still is provided simultaneously.
In interface agent 22 of the present invention, it should be noted that the area of section of feed path 54 is particularly important with respect to the relation of tapering in the jet venturis 56.For example, as shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, the tapering part 78 of jet venturis 56 limits by labelling D
sThe minor diameter of expression.During performance test, have been found that the optimum length L of the tapering part 78 of jet venturis 56
S1Minor diameter D at tapering part 78
sAbout 0.25 to about 3 times scope.
As Fig. 4 a as seen, the minor diameter D of jet venturis 56
sAppear at feed path 54 (being jet venturis 56) and junction as the supply manifold 50 of supply gas main channel.Replacedly, according to the cpap pressure of hope, jet venturis 56 can be provided with constant cross-section part 80, and it is preferably between the tapering part 78 and supply manifold 50 of jet venturis 56.Shown in Fig. 4 b, the minor diameter D of jet venturis 56
sBe substantially equal to the diameter of constant cross-section part 80.For in jet venturis 56, comprising constant cross-section part 80 this structures, can predict the length L that constant cross-section part 80 limits
S2At minor diameter D
sAbout 2.5 to about 2 times scope.
About exhalation passage 64, referring now to Fig. 4 a, each exhalation passage 64 all preferably also comprises tapering part 78, and it is along outwards forming taper from passageways of patients 38 to the direction of exhalation port 62.The tapering part 78 of each exhalation passage 64 limits taper angle θ
EBe in about 0.5 ° to about 10 ° scope, and be preferably about 5 °.The area of section of exhalation passage 64 and the geometrical relationship between the shape also adopt to be similar to and abovely are provided with about jet venturis 56 described modes.
Thus, the tapering part 78 of exhalation passage 64 is limiting little width W with passageways of patients 38 intersections
EThe length L that the tapering part 78 of exhalation passage 64 limits
E1Little width W at the tapering part 78 of exhalation passage 64
EAbout 0.25 to about 3 times scope.As mentioned above, in exhalation passage 64, comprise tapered geometry, just make the exhalation resistance littler, thereby breathing is more easy during the CPAP treatment.
Be similar to above the description for jet venturis 56, for exhalation passage 64, constant cross-section part 80 also can be provided with tapering part 78.Constant cross-section part 80 is displayed among Fig. 4 a, and between passageways of patients 38 and tapering part 78.The little width W of tapering part 78
EPreferably equal the width of constant cross-section part 80.The width W of constant cross-section part 80
EWith length L
E2Between preferred geometry relation make length L
2In little width W
EAbout 0.25 to about 2 times scope.
Owing to the unique geometry in the interface agent 22, comprise the geometry of the tapering part 78 (with optional constant cross-section part 80) of exhalation passage 64, be derived from the exhalation air of patient 12 pulmonarys so just can effectively breathe out.Can predict, various devices can be connected to interface agent 22 at exhalation port 62 places, so that general-purpose interface 20 easy operatings, but exhalation port 62 can keep leading to atmosphere alternatively.
Aspect general-purpose interface 20 available manufactured materialss, can predict, the polymeric material of substantially rigid can be used for interface agent 22.Similarly, compression fittings 70 and supply joint 66 are preferably made by similar or compatible at least material.Thus, interface agent 22 preferably but for example form by injection molded alternatively.Can predict, polymeric material can comprise the material (preferably through the FDA approval) of Rec Mulberry (Lexan) or other acrylic-type.Yet, can predict, interface agent 22 and compression fittings 70 and supply joint 66 can use any suitable material manufacture.
Now the operation of general-purpose interface 20 will be described referring to accompanying drawing.General-purpose interface 20 can be provided with nose segment element 16, and its size and structure are set to frictional fit in its wall part.After nose segment element 16 was installed, general-purpose interface 20 can be fixed to patient's 12 heads then.Then, manometer tube 72 and supply pipe 74 all can be connected to the compression fittings separately 70 and the supply joint 66 at interface agent 22 places.Source of the gas or gas-pressurized can supply to via manometer tube 72 and supply with in the manifold 50.Pressure transducer can be placed as with manometer tube 72 fluids and be communicated with, thereby can measure patient 12 pressure in the operating period of general-purpose interface 20.
In case general-purpose interface 20 is installed to patient 12, and gas-pressurized supplies to this patient via supply pipe 72, and then pressure just supplies to patient 12 air flue, and this pressure preferably is higher than atmospheric pressure, so that make patient 12 be easy to general breathing.More specifically, the patient's pressure that flows to patient is preferably up to the H of 15cm
2O.During sucting stage, the air that patient 12 sucks at passageways of patients 38 places, this passageways of patients 38 is directly continuous with a corresponding feed path 54.H up to about 120cm
2The supply pressure of O is provided to feed path 54 (that is, jet venturis 56) by supplying with manifold 50.Because the unique taper geometry of jet venturis 56, under the help from the supply gas of feed path 54, breathing gas and/or atmospheric air can suck from a pair of exhalation passage 64.For patient's 12 pressure of comparing same amount with the required pressure of operation with traditional interface are provided at patient ports 36 places, require supply pressure is minimized.Therefore, during inhalation flow, breathing gas and/or atmosphere are under the help of the supply gas by feed path 54 by the suction of exhalation passage 64, and this supply gas is offset the trend that pressure reduces during sucting stage.
During the exhalation stage, will be conducted through a pair of passageways of patients 38 from the gas that patient 12 pulmonarys breathe out, and be drawn exhalation passage 64.Because be arranged on the distinct configuration of the tapering part 78 in each exhalation passage 64, interface agent 22 provides less exhalation resistance at exhalation passage 64 places.Adopt this mode, the exhalation passage 64 that is connected with the jet venturis 56 of feed path 54 is used for breathing better under the situation of supply pressure that reduces and less general power, so that the amount of pressure of hope is provided at patient 12 places.Thus, general-purpose interface 20 of the present invention provides a kind of device, and it can together use with the conventional flow generator, and at the overvoltage risk at patient 12 places, this device operation has more efficient and safety.
Modification that the present invention is other and improvement also are conspicuous to those skilled in the art.Therefore, said and shown in the particular combinations of part only be devoted to represent specific embodiment of the present invention, do not attempt to be used for to limit the replaceable unit in the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. general-purpose interface is used for providing continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to patient when this interface and standard respiratory organ together use, and described interface is constructed to, and is being no more than the H of about 120cm
2Operate under the supply pressure of O, and provide up to about 12 liters/minute flow velocity.
2. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described interface is configured to invasive and Noninvasive CPAP uses.
3. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 2, comprise can be mounted thereto the nose segment element, this nose segment element is configured to follow anatomically patient's nostril.
4. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
Described nose segment element comprises that size and structure are designed to from the outwards outstanding nostril engaging lever of described interface;
Each described nostril engaging lever all has the peripheral wall that forms D shape structure, to follow patient's nostril anatomically.
5. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
Interface agent, it has a pair of respiration channel that separates that wherein extends that runs through, and described a pair of respiration channel has the feed path that corresponding a pair of and described respiration channel fluid is connected;
Wherein:
Each described respiration channel includes passageways of patients, and this passageways of patients is adapted to supply gas to patient, and intersects with the exhalation passage that is suitable for discharging from described patient gas;
Each described feed path all axially aligns with a corresponding described passageways of patients, and is configured to gas-pressurized is introduced in this passageways of patients;
Described passageways of patients and exhalation passage all are configured to provide the operating pressure that reduces.
6. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described passageways of patients and exhalation passage intersect each other to about 60 ° angle with about 20 °.
7. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
Described interface agent further comprises the supply manifold, and this supply manifold has from the described feed path that wherein crosses out;
Each described feed path includes the jet venturis with tapering part, and this tapering part is along outwards tapered to the direction of described passageways of patients from described supply manifold.
8. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the taper angle of described tapering part from about 0.5 ° to about 10 ° scope.
9. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the taper angle of the tapering part of described jet venturis is about 2.5 °.
10. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
The tapering part of described jet venturis limits a minor diameter;
The tapering part of described jet venturis limit its length described minor diameter about 0.25 to about 3 times scope.
11. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described jet venturis further comprises the constant cross-section part between described tapering part and described supply manifold.
12. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 11, wherein:
Described minor diameter is substantially equal to the diameter of described constant cross-section part;
Described constant cross-section partly limit its length described minor diameter about 0.25 to about 2 times scope.
13. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 5, wherein, each described exhalation passage include along from described passageways of patients to the outside tapered tapering part of the direction of described exhalation passage.
14. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the taper angle of described tapering part from about 0.5 ° to about 10 ° scope.
15. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 14, wherein, the taper angle of the tapering part of described exhalation passage is about 5 °.
16. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 13, wherein:
The tapering part of described exhalation passage is limiting a little width with described passageways of patients intersection;
The tapering part of described exhalation passage limit its length described little width about 0.25 to about 3 times scope.
17. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 16, wherein, each described exhalation passage all further comprises the constant cross-section part between described passageways of patients and described tapering part.
18. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 11, wherein:
Described little width is substantially equal to the width of described constant cross-section part;
Described constant cross-section partly limits its length in about 0.25 to 2 times scope of described little width.
19. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
Described interface agent further comprises pressure manifold, and this pressure manifold leads to and the described a pair of respiration channel adjacent areas that separates, and is configured to for the usefulness of locating described patient to carry out pressure measxurement.
20. general-purpose interface as claimed in claim 19 further comprises: be separately positioned on supply joint and compression fittings on the free end of described supply manifold and pressure manifold.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/241,303 US8100125B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | Venturi geometry design for flow-generator patient circuit |
| US11/241,303 | 2005-09-30 | ||
| PCT/US2006/031049 WO2007040828A2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-08-10 | Venturi geometry design for flow-generator patient circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101365508A true CN101365508A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| CN101365508B CN101365508B (en) | 2012-12-05 |
Family
ID=37900735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800413987A Expired - Fee Related CN101365508B (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2006-08-10 | Venturi geometry design for flow-generator patient circuit |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8100125B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1928528B9 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101365508B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE542561T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2006297667B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2624514C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2381300T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007040828A2 (en) |
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| CN103140254A (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2013-06-05 | 康尔福盛207公司 | Non-invasive breathing assistance device with flow director |
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| CN105073171B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2018-01-02 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Manifold component for respiratory interface device |
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| CN105073171A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2015-11-18 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Manifold assembly for respiratory interface device |
| CN106456931A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2017-02-22 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Device and method for a low resistance valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1928528B1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| CA2624514C (en) | 2016-03-08 |
| AU2006297667A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
| EP1928528A2 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
| WO2007040828A2 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
| WO2007040828A3 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
| US8100125B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 |
| AU2006297667B2 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
| CN101365508B (en) | 2012-12-05 |
| US20070074724A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
| ATE542561T1 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
| EP1928528B9 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
| EP1928528A4 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
| CA2624514A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
| ES2381300T3 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
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