CN101350516B - Circuit and method for protecting energy storage apparatus - Google Patents

Circuit and method for protecting energy storage apparatus Download PDF

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CN101350516B
CN101350516B CN2007101305492A CN200710130549A CN101350516B CN 101350516 B CN101350516 B CN 101350516B CN 2007101305492 A CN2007101305492 A CN 2007101305492A CN 200710130549 A CN200710130549 A CN 200710130549A CN 101350516 B CN101350516 B CN 101350516B
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circuit
overvoltage
thyristor
voltage
energy
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CN101350516A (en
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蒋进财
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Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a circuit which is used for protecting an energy-storing device, and a method thereof. The circuit comprises an energy-storing device, an insurance component and an over voltage regulating unit. The energy-storing device is used for storing and supplying first energy; the insurance component is connected with the energy-storing device in series to form a branch circuit; the over voltage regulating unit is connected with the branch circuit in series. When the branch circuit has over voltage, the absolute value of the regulating current of the over voltage regulating unit leads to a current which can increase instantly; then the energy-storing device can instantly release second energy which is exerted on the insurance component, so as to cut off the circuit of the insurance component, thus the energy-storing device can be protected from being damaged by the over voltage.

Description

The circuit and the method for protection energy storage device
Technical field
This case is circuit and a method of protecting energy storage device about a kind of, particularly about a kind of superpotential protective circuit of energy storage device and method of preventing.
Background technology
Any electronic equipment all transient voltage may occur, is normally caused by fault, thunderbolt or static discharge.The part that often is adopted as overvoltage protection in circuit comprises diode, metal oxide varistor (MOV), multilayer varistor (MLV), transient voltage inhibitor (TVS) and surge protecter (Surge Protector).
The overvoltage of circuit often is accompanied by overcurrent, and generally the part as overcurrent protection is a fuse in circuit.
Capacitor is an energy storage device.In inductive circuit, in order to improve power factor and efficient, the system that often power capacitor is parallel to is with the compensation virtual work.What power capacitor damaged is former because overvoltage produces insulation breakdown.
Because of destruction that overvoltage caused and the safety issue of deriving thereof, be necessary to seek simple circuit configuration for fear of energy storage device, with the protection energy storage device.
Value be so, this case inventor is in view of above-mentioned demand, through concentrated research, and the spirit of originally working with perseverance, " the protecting the circuit and the method for energy storage device " of creating this case eventually.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this case is for proposing a kind of circuit and method of protecting energy storage device, preventing energy storage device because of destruction that overvoltage was caused and the safety issue of deriving thereof, and reaches the effect of accurate response and simple structure.
First of this case is contemplated that and proposes a kind of protective circuit that it comprises an energy storage device, a safety element and an overvoltage regulon.Energy storage device is in order to store and supply one first energy; Safety element is connected with energy storage device, to form a branch circuit; The overvoltage regulon is in parallel with branch circuit, the voltage-regulation unit comprises a thyristor, an one overvoltage onunit and a bleeder circuit, bleeder circuit is electrically connected on thyristor, and the overvoltage onunit is electrically connected on bleeder circuit, when branch circuit begins overvoltage, the moment conducting of overvoltage onunit, make bleeder circuit supply the gate that a trigger voltage is given thyristor, and triggering by trigger voltage, make the voltage-regulation unit flow through an absolute value of regulating electric current and produce an electric current moment increase, and make the energy storage device abrupt release put on one second energy of safety element, so that safety element opens circuit.
Second of this case is contemplated that a kind of method of protecting energy storage device that proposes, wherein energy storage device is a branch circuit in order to store one first energy and to connect with a safety element, and branch circuit is in parallel with an overvoltage regulon, the voltage-regulation unit comprises a thyristor, an one overvoltage onunit and a bleeder circuit, bleeder circuit is electrically connected on thyristor, and the overvoltage onunit is electrically connected on bleeder circuit, and this method comprises the following steps: at first, when branch circuit begins overvoltage, the moment conducting of overvoltage onunit makes bleeder circuit supply the gate that a trigger voltage is given thyristor; Then, by the triggering of trigger voltage, make the overvoltage regulon flow through an absolute value of regulating electric current and produce an electric current moment increase; Then, by electric current moment increase, make energy storage device abrupt release one second energy, so that safety element opens circuit.
The 3rd of this case is contemplated that and proposes a kind of protective circuit that it comprises a capacitive device, a safety element, a power factor correction converter and an overvoltage regulon.Capacitive device is in order to store and supply one first electric energy; Safety element is connected with capacitive device, to form a branch circuit.Power factor correction converter is electrically connected on branch circuit, with the charge and discharge of control capacitance device; The overvoltage regulon is in parallel with branch circuit, the voltage-regulation unit comprises a thyristor, an one overvoltage onunit and a bleeder circuit, bleeder circuit is electrically connected on thyristor, and the overvoltage onunit is electrically connected on bleeder circuit, when branch circuit begins overvoltage, the moment conducting of overvoltage onunit, make bleeder circuit supply the gate that a trigger voltage is given thyristor, and triggering by trigger voltage, make the overvoltage regulon flow through an absolute value of regulating electric current and produce an electric current moment increase, and make the capacitive device abrupt release put on one second energy of safety element, so that safety element opens circuit.
The present invention can protect energy storage device, prevents that it is subjected to superpotential destruction.
This case must be by following graphic detailed description, with more deep understanding:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 carries the formation schematic diagram of the circuit of protection energy storage device for this case;
Fig. 2 carries the circuit circuit diagram of one first embodiment wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case;
Fig. 3 carries the circuit circuit diagram of one second embodiment wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case;
Fig. 4 carries the circuit circuit diagram of one the 3rd embodiment wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case;
Fig. 5 carries the circuit formation schematic diagram of an application system wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case; And
Fig. 6 is the application system of this case Fig. 5 circuit diagram of one first embodiment wherein.
Embodiment
In order to narrate the circuit and the method for the protection energy storage device of knowing that this case proposes, enumerate several preferred embodiments below and be illustrated:
See also Fig. 1, it carries the formation schematic diagram of the circuit of protection energy storage device for this case.In Fig. 1, protective circuit 81 comprises an energy storage device 311, a safety element 312 and an overvoltage regulon 32.Energy storage device 311 is in order to store and supply one first energy; Energy storage device 311 comprises, for example, and a capacitor, and have a maximum rated voltage.
Safety element 312 is connected with energy storage device 311, to form a branch circuit 31; Safety element 312 commonly used comprises that for example, a fuse, fuse have the characteristic of low melting point and proper resistor, and when the heat overrate that it produced, fuse will be by the device of fusing with the protection series connection with it; Safety element 312 also can comprise, for example, a resistor, the preferably selects to have overheated and resistor that easily blow character and comes to connect with the device that the institute desire is protected.For the voltage that energy storage device 311 is suffered surpasses its maximum rated voltage, so the terminal voltage of control branch circuit 31 makes it less than a deboost, and specified limit voltage is less than maximum rated voltage one safety value, with prevention energy storage device 311 overvoltage.
Overvoltage regulon 32 is in parallel with branch circuit 31, and overvoltage regulon 32 has a switching voltage and an adjusting electric current I REGSelect the element characteristic of overvoltage regulon 32, can make its switched voltage equal the deboost of branch circuit 31.The transient voltage that is occurred when branch circuit 31 surpasses deboost or switched voltage, that is during branch circuit 31 beginning overvoltage, adjusting electric current I that overvoltage regulon 32 flows through REGAbsolute value produce electric current moment and increase.Owing to the in parallel relation of overvoltage regulon 32 with branch circuit 31, to make energy storage device 311 abrupt releases put on one second energy of safety element 312, so, safety element 312 will flow through the electric current above its maximum rated current, cause safety element 312 overheated and safety element 312 is opened circuit.Overvoltage regulon 32 commonly used comprises, for example, in a flash voltage suppressor (Transient Voltage Suppresser, TVS), a surging protected location (SurgeProtection Unit) or a thyristor (Thyristor) etc.
See also Fig. 2, it carries the circuit circuit diagram of one first embodiment wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case.The protective circuit 82 of Fig. 2 is first kind of configuration of Fig. 1 protective circuit 81 structures, and among two figure, the symbol components identical has identical title and function, and this repeats no more.As shown in Figure 2, energy storage device 311 comprises a capacitor 3111, and safety element 312 comprises a fuse 3121, and overvoltage regulon 32 comprises voltage suppressor 321 in a flash.Transient voltage inhibitor 321 is in parallel with branch circuit 31, and accepts a direct current voltage V 1, DCPower supply.
See also Fig. 3, it carries the circuit circuit diagram of one second embodiment wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case.The protective circuit 83 of Fig. 3 is second kind of configuration of Fig. 1 protective circuit 81 structures, and among two figure, the symbol components identical has identical title and function, and this repeats no more.As shown in Figure 3, energy storage device 311 comprises a capacitor 3112; Safety element 312 comprises a resistor 3122; Overvoltage regulon 32 comprises a surging protected location 322, and surging protected location 322 commonly used is a surge absorber or a lightning strike protection device etc., and for example a Sidactor element is the wherein a kind of of surge absorber.Surging protected location 322 is in parallel with branch circuit 31, and accepts a direct current voltage V 2, DCPower supply.
See also Fig. 4, it carries the circuit circuit diagram of one the 3rd embodiment wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case.The protective circuit 84 of Fig. 4 is the third configuration of Fig. 1 protective circuit 81 structures, and among two figure, the symbol components identical has identical title and function, and this repeats no more.As shown in Figure 4, energy storage device 311 comprises one first capacitor 3113; Safety element 312 comprises one first resistor 3123; Overvoltage regulon 32 comprises a thyristor 323, an overvoltage onunit 324 and a bleeder circuit 325.Overvoltage regulon 32 is in parallel with branch circuit 31, and accepts a direct current voltage V 3, DCPower supply.
In Fig. 4, thyristor 323 has a first anode A1, one first negative electrode N1 and a gate G1, and the first anode A1 and the first negative electrode N1 are parallel to branch circuit 31, and thyristor 323 commonly used comprises, for example, and a thyristor.Overvoltage onunit 324 has a second plate A2, one second negative electrode N2 and a breakdown voltage (Breakdown Voltage), and selects overvoltage onunit 324, so that breakdown voltage equals the deboost of branch circuit 31; The second negative electrode N2 is electrically connected on the first anode A1 of thyristor 323; In the present embodiment, overvoltage onunit 324 comprises a Zener diode (Zener Diode) Z1; The transient voltage that is occurred when branch circuit 31 surpasses deboost, that is during branch circuit 31 beginning overvoltage, Zener diode Z1 moment conducting.
Bleeder circuit 325 comprises one second resistor R 1, one the 3rd resistor R 2 and one second capacitor C1, be electrically connected on the second plate A2 of overvoltage onunit 324, the first negative electrode N1 of thyristor 323 and the gate G1 of thyristor 323, and provide the gate G1 of bias voltage to thyristor 323 by the common joint of second resistor R 1, the 3rd resistor R 2 and the second capacitor C1.When Zener diode Z1 moment conducting, bleeder circuit 325 supply one trigger voltage is given the gate G1 of thyristor 323, and via the triggering of trigger voltage, makes the negative electrode G1 of thyristor 323 flow through the adjusting electric current I REGAbsolute value produce electric current moment and increase.Because the relation in parallel of thyristor 323 and branch circuit 31, with making 3113 abrupt releases of first capacitor put on one second energy of first resistor 3123, so that first resistor 3123 opens circuit.So can protect first capacitor 3113, prevent that it is subjected to superpotential destruction.
See also Fig. 5, it carries the circuit formation schematic diagram of an application system wherein of protecting energy storage device for this case.In Fig. 5, the application system 91 of protective circuit comprises a capacitive device 411, a safety element 412, a power factor correction converter 43 and an overvoltage regulon 42.Capacitive device 411 is in order to store and supply one first electric energy; Capacitive device 411 comprises a capacitor 4111, and has a maximum rated voltage.Safety element 412 is connected with capacitive device 411, to form a branch circuit 41.For the voltage that capacitive device 411 is suffered surpasses its maximum rated voltage, so the terminal voltage of control branch circuit 41 makes it less than a deboost, and specified limit voltage is less than maximum rated voltage one safety value, with prevention capacitive device 411 overvoltage.
Power factor correction converter 43 is electrically connected on branch circuit 41, receives an input voltage V I,, and produce one first output voltage V at the two ends of branch circuit 41 with the charge and discharge of control capacitance device 411 O1Usually, input voltage V ISupply is from a full-wave rectifier (not being shown among the figure) the unregulated direct voltage of exporting; Power factor correction converter 43 is with input voltage V IDo and boost or the adjusting of step-down, and the charge and discharge of control capacitance device 411, to promote the power factor of full-wave rectifier input alternating voltage.When first output voltage V O1Greater than input voltage V IThe time, power factor correction converter 43 generally includes a boost converter (Boost Converter); When first output voltage V O1Less than input voltage V IThe time, power factor correction converter 43 generally includes a step-down controller (Buck Converter).
Overvoltage regulon 42 is in parallel with branch circuit 41, and overvoltage regulon 42 has a switching voltage and an adjusting electric current I REG1Select the element characteristic of overvoltage regulon 42, can make its switched voltage equal the deboost of branch circuit 41.The transient voltage that is occurred when branch circuit 41 (equals first output voltage V in this circuit O1) surpass deboost or switched voltage, that is during branch circuit 41 beginning overvoltage, adjusting electric current I that overvoltage regulon 42 flows through REG1Absolute value produce electric current moment and increase.Because the relation in parallel of overvoltage regulon 42 and branch circuit 41, with making capacitive device 411 abrupt releases put on one second energy of safety element 412, so that safety element 412 opens circuit.
The application system 91 of protective circuit more can comprise a DC-to-DC converter 44, and DC-to-DC converter 44 receives first output voltage V O1, to produce one second output voltage V O2DC-to-DC converter 44 commonly used is a direction flyback converter (Flyback Converter), half bridge converter (Half-bridge Converter) or a LLC resonant vibration converter (LLC Resonance Converter) etc.
See also Fig. 6, it is the application system of this case Fig. 5 circuit diagram of one first embodiment wherein.The application system 92 of Fig. 6 is first kind of configuration of Fig. 5 application system 91 structures, and among two figure, the symbol components identical has identical title and function, and this repeats no more.As shown in Figure 6, application system 92 comprises a capacitive device 411, a safety element 412, a step-down controller (Buck Converter) 431 and one overvoltage regulon 42.
Capacitive device 411 comprises a capacitor 4111; Safety element 412 comprises a resistor 4123.Overvoltage regulon 42 comprises a thyristor 423, an overvoltage onunit 424 and a bleeder circuit 425; In the present embodiment, overvoltage onunit 424 is made of two Zener diode Z2, Z3 series connection, to bear higher voltage; And the composition of overvoltage regulon 42 is similar to running to the composition of the overvoltage regulon 32 of Fig. 4 to running, so repeat no more.
One step-down controller 431 is electrically connected on branch circuit 41, receives an input voltage V I,, and produce one first output voltage V at the two ends of branch circuit 41 with the charge and discharge of control capacitance device 411 O1And first output voltage V O1Less than input voltage V I
Then, illustrate that this case is proposed and protect the method for energy storage device with Fig. 1, wherein energy storage device 311 is a branch circuit 31 in order to store one first energy and to connect with a safety element 312, and branch circuit 31 is in parallel with an overvoltage regulon 32; And on step, at first, when branch circuit 31 beginning overvoltage, make overvoltage regulon 32 flow through one and regulate electric current I REGAbsolute value produce electric current moment and increase; Then, by electric current moment increase, make energy storage device 311 abrupt releases one second energy, so that safety element 32 opens circuit.
In sum, the circuit of the protection energy storage device of this case and method can reach the effect that the invention conception sets really.Only, the above person only is the preferred embodiment of this case, is familiar with the personage of this case skill such as, modifies or variation in the equivalence of being done according to this case spirit, all should be covered by in the following claim scope.

Claims (9)

1. protective circuit comprises:
One energy storage device is in order to store and supply one first energy;
One safety element, it is connected with this energy storage device, to form a branch circuit; And
One overvoltage regulon, it is in parallel with this branch circuit, this voltage-regulation unit comprises a thyristor, an one overvoltage onunit and a bleeder circuit, this bleeder circuit is electrically connected on this thyristor, and this overvoltage onunit is electrically connected on this bleeder circuit, when this branch circuit begins overvoltage, this overvoltage onunit moment conducting, make this bleeder circuit supply the gate that a trigger voltage is given this thyristor, and triggering by this trigger voltage, make this voltage-regulation unit flow through an absolute value of regulating electric current and produce an electric current moment increase, and make this energy storage device abrupt release put on one second energy of this safety element, so that this safety element opens circuit.
2. protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this energy storage device comprises a capacitor.
3. protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein this safety element comprises a resistor or a fuse.
4. protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
This thyristor also has a first anode and one first negative electrode, and this first anode and this first negative electrode are parallel to this branch circuit, and when this branch circuit began overvoltage, the absolute value that this first negative electrode flows through this adjusting electric current produced the moment increase of this electric current;
This overvoltage onunit has a second plate, one second negative electrode and a breakdown voltage, and this second cathodic electricity is connected in this first anode, moment conducting when this branch circuit begins overvoltage; And
This bleeder circuit comprises one first resistor, one second resistor and a capacitor, this bleeder circuit is electrically connected on this second plate, this first negative electrode and this gate, common joint by this first resistor, this second resistor and this capacitor provides bias voltage to this gate, wherein: this thyristor comprises a thyristor.
5. protective circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein this overvoltage onunit comprises at least one Zener diode.
6. method of protecting energy storage device; wherein this energy storage device is in order to store one first energy; and to connect with a safety element be a branch circuit; and this branch circuit is in parallel with an overvoltage regulon; this voltage-regulation unit comprises a thyristor, an overvoltage onunit and a bleeder circuit; this bleeder circuit is electrically connected on this thyristor, and this overvoltage onunit is electrically connected on this bleeder circuit, and this method comprises the following steps:
When this branch circuit began overvoltage, this overvoltage onunit moment conducting made this bleeder circuit supply the gate that a trigger voltage is given this thyristor;
By the triggering of this trigger voltage, make this overvoltage regulon flow through an absolute value of regulating electric current and produce an electric current moment increase; And
By this electric current moment increase, make this energy storage device abrupt release one second energy, so that this safety element opens circuit.
7. the method for protection energy storage device as claimed in claim 6, wherein this second energy changes a heat energy into, to blow this safety element.
8. protective circuit comprises:
One capacitive device is in order to store and supply one first electric energy;
One safety element, it is connected with this capacitive device, to form a branch circuit;
One power factor correction converter is electrically connected on this branch circuit, to control the charge and discharge of this capacitive device; And
One overvoltage regulon, it is in parallel with this branch circuit, this voltage-regulation unit comprises a thyristor, an one overvoltage onunit and a bleeder circuit, this bleeder circuit is electrically connected on this thyristor, and this overvoltage onunit is electrically connected on this bleeder circuit, when this branch circuit begins overvoltage, this overvoltage onunit moment conducting, make this bleeder circuit supply the gate that a trigger voltage is given this thyristor, and triggering by this trigger voltage, make this overvoltage regulon flow through an absolute value of regulating electric current and produce an electric current moment increase, and make this capacitive device abrupt release put on one second energy of this safety element, so that this safety element opens circuit.
9. protective circuit as claimed in claim 8, wherein:
This capacitive device comprises a capacitor; And/or
This power factor correction converter comprises a step-down controller.
CN2007101305492A 2007-07-16 2007-07-16 Circuit and method for protecting energy storage apparatus Active CN101350516B (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104734122A (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 艾默生网络能源有限公司 Capacitor overvoltage protection circuit and power supply
CN105449643B (en) * 2014-08-28 2018-08-07 联想(北京)有限公司 A kind of protection circuit and electronic equipment
US10557881B2 (en) 2015-03-27 2020-02-11 Analog Devices Global Electrical overstress reporting
US9871373B2 (en) * 2015-03-27 2018-01-16 Analog Devices Global Electrical overstress recording and/or harvesting
US10365322B2 (en) 2016-04-19 2019-07-30 Analog Devices Global Wear-out monitor device
US10677822B2 (en) 2016-09-27 2020-06-09 Analog Devices Global Unlimited Company Electrical overstress detection device
US11112436B2 (en) 2018-03-26 2021-09-07 Analog Devices International Unlimited Company Spark gap structures for detection and protection against electrical overstress events

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN87211108U (en) * 1987-07-29 1988-07-27 广西冶金研究所 Anti-mine device with extrahigh voltage synchronism breaking function
CN1053868A (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-14 雷伊化学有限公司 Circuit protection device
CN2593434Y (en) * 2003-01-03 2003-12-17 徐成飞 Rapid current-limiting protection apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN87211108U (en) * 1987-07-29 1988-07-27 广西冶金研究所 Anti-mine device with extrahigh voltage synchronism breaking function
CN1053868A (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-14 雷伊化学有限公司 Circuit protection device
CN2593434Y (en) * 2003-01-03 2003-12-17 徐成飞 Rapid current-limiting protection apparatus

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