CN101349566A - Method and system for vehicle real time navigation - Google Patents

Method and system for vehicle real time navigation Download PDF

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CN101349566A
CN101349566A CNA2007100760851A CN200710076085A CN101349566A CN 101349566 A CN101349566 A CN 101349566A CN A2007100760851 A CNA2007100760851 A CN A2007100760851A CN 200710076085 A CN200710076085 A CN 200710076085A CN 101349566 A CN101349566 A CN 101349566A
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胡佳文
袁洪
张木森
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Konka Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle real-time navigation method and a system, wherein the navigation method comprises obtaining a plurality of alternative paths according to the initial addresses and the destinations of users, obtaining the weight value of the inherent attribute of relative roads, gaining the weight value of the real-time attribute of relative roads according to the real-time monitoring information, and gaining the weighing score of alternative paths according to the weight values of the inherent attribute and the real-time attribute and the relative weighting, and selecting the running path according to the weighing score. The invention further introduces the concepts of real-time attribute, weighting and weight value in a current vehicle navigation system based on a globe positioning system and a geographic information system through the method and the system. And the real-time passing condition and the weighing score for the running path can be obtained through utilizing the combination of real-time attribute gained from the real-time monitoring and the inherent attribute.

Description

A kind of vehicle real time navigation method and system
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle real time navigation method and system, be specifically related to a kind of vehicle real time navigation method and system based on global position system and Geographic Information System.
[background technology]
In existing Vehicular navigation system, the selection in driving path is often based on the shortest principle of distance.Global position system (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) provide the length of many alternative paths and relevant road segments, and disposal system is then sued for peace to the length of relevant road segments, and will be apart from the shortest path as the best path of driving a vehicle.Yet the running time that arrives the destination as everyone knows also is subjected to the influence of numerous factors, for example category of roads, pavement quality, traffic control, the magnitude of traffic flow, average speed etc. except being determined by path distance.Particularly the real-time factor as traffic control, the magnitude of traffic flow, average speed changed along with the different periods, and often running time was caused significant impact.For example, though certain paths is the shortest on distance, may can not arrive or inferior choosing owing to traffic control or vehicle block up to be actually.
[summary of the invention]
For the Vehicular navigation system that solves prior art can't be assessed the real time status in highway section, the path that causes selecting not is the technical matters in actual optimum routing footpath, the invention provides a kind of vehicle real time navigation method and system that can assess and then select real-time preferred path according to real-time monitor message to the real-time traffic status in driving path.
The present invention solves the Vehicular navigation system of prior art and can't assess the real time status in highway section, the path that causes selecting not is that the actual optimum routing technical scheme that technical matters adopted directly is: a kind of vehicle real time navigation method is provided, and this real-time navigation method comprises: starting point and destination according to the user obtain many alternative paths; Obtain the weights of build-in attribute of the relevant road segments of these many alternative paths; Obtain the weights of real-time property of the relevant road segments of these many alternative paths according to real-time monitor message; Obtain the weighting score of a plurality of alternative paths according to the respective weights of the weights of build-in attribute and real-time property and build-in attribute and real-time property; And get component selections roadway footpath according to weighting.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, build-in attribute comprises road section length, highway section width, category of roads or the pavement quality that obtains by Geographic Information System.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, real-time property comprises traffic control, average speed or the magnitude of traffic flow that obtains by the traffic real-time monitoring system.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, real-time property comprises that further the delay of keeping straight on, left-hand rotation are incured loss through delay or right-hand rotation is incured loss through delay.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, craspedodrome is incured loss through delay, left-hand rotation is incured loss through delay or the delay of turning right obtains by highway section width and average speed calculating.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, real-time property obtains by the IPv6 network.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, weights and respective weights the multiply each other summation of weighting score by build-in attribute and real-time property obtains.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the respective weights of build-in attribute and real-time property obtains by Hierarchy Analysis Method, and this Hierarchy Analysis Method comprises: set up hierarchy Model and determine build-in attribute and real-time property according to the influence factor of vehicle time of arrival; Make up the judgment matrix of each level in the hierarchy Model according to the significance level of each influence factor; Calculate the respective weights of build-in attribute and real-time property according to judgment matrix.
The present invention solves the Vehicular navigation system of prior art and can't assess the real time status in highway section, the path that causes selecting not is that another technical scheme that technical matters adopted in actual optimum routing footpath is: a kind of vehicle real time navigation system is provided, and this real-time navigation system comprises: global position system; Be used for cooperating according to user's starting point and destination and obtain many alternative paths and obtain the Geographic Information System of weights of build-in attribute of the relevant road segments of many alternative paths with global position system; Be used for obtaining the realtime communication system of weights of real-time property of the relevant road segments of many alternative paths from the traffic real-time monitoring system; Obtain the disposal system of the weighting score of a plurality of alternative paths according to the respective weights of the weights of build-in attribute and real-time property and build-in attribute and real-time property.
According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, realtime communication system is based on the IPv6 network.
By said method and system, the present invention further introduces the notion of highway section real-time property and weight and weights in having now based on the Vehicular navigation system of global position system and Geographic Information System.Utilize the real-time property that obtains by monitoring in real time to obtain the weighting score of the real-time traffic status in reaction driving path, and then get the preferred in real time driving of component selections path according to weighting in conjunction with build-in attribute.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the system data flow process figure of vehicle real time navigation of the present invention system;
Fig. 2 is the hierarchy Model that the present invention utilizes the weights influence factor of Hierarchy Analysis Method structure.
[embodiment]
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the system data flow process figure of vehicle real time navigation of the present invention system.
In vehicle real time navigation of the present invention system, at first according to user's starting point and destination, provide first, second, third between starting point and destination and even K bar alternative path by global position system (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS), the bar number of this alternative path can rule of thumb be worth definite.Geographic Information System (GIS) further provides the weights of the build-in attribute in each highway section relevant with alternative path.Subsequently, at each relevant road segments, by the realtime communication system (not shown) of system to the request of sending of traffic real-time monitoring system so that obtain the weights of the real-time property of relevant road segments.Then, go out the weighting score of each alternative path according to the weights of the build-in attribute of each relevant road segments and real-time property and the weight calculation corresponding and the weighting score is reacted to disposal system by disposal system (not shown) with each build-in attribute and real-time property, disposal system sorts according to score, provides best driving path.
In the present embodiment, realtime communication system preferably obtains the highway section real-time property by the IPv6 network, so that make full use of the movability and the security of IPv6 network.For this reason, preferably when the user buys automobile, unite the IPv6 address of distributing a this area for vehicle by vehicle management department and relevant departments, this IPv6 address can be corresponding with license plate.Weights and respective weights the multiply each other summation of weighting score by build-in attribute and real-time property obtains.
As everyone knows, influence factor that vehicle reaches the time have a lot and every kind of influence factor different again to the influence degree that reaches the time, need to set build-in attribute and the real-time property and the respective weights thereof of right quantity according to actual conditions for this reason.In general, build-in attribute and real-time property can rule of thumb be set by system designer with its respective weights.
The present invention hereinafter introduces a kind of road weight evaluation scheme based on Hierarchy Analysis Method (AHP).
Hierarchy Analysis Method is that famous systems engineering of the U.S. and operational research expert A E Saaty are taught the seventies in 20th century and found.This method major function is: the contained all kinds of factors of the problem that will study are divided into the some levels that connect each other by certain membership, utilize specific mathematical method to calculate and relative significance level of factor and the weighted value thereof of determining each level again, analyze this name of the game of solution with variable in proper order from height to the low primary and secondary of discharging at last, and draw correct conclusion.
In general, Hierarchy Analysis Method comprises 4 basic steps:
(1) with the problem stratification
Provide the hierarchical structure block diagram according to problem, in order to hierarchical structure between the explanation level and the subordinate relation between each factor;
(2) structure judgment matrix
According to unified Saaty 1-9 level judgment matrix standard kilsyth basalt (table 1), each layer factor quantized in twos relatively to form judgment matrix.
1~9 grade of judgment matrix standard of table 1 Saatv degree
Figure A20071007608500071
(3) single preface of level and consistency check
Judgment matrix according to structure calculates the quantized value of each layer factor with respect to the inferior related factors significance level of last layer.This process is a computation process of finding the solution maximum characteristic root (λ max) of matrix and proper vector (w) thereof, and consistency check then is whether the checking judgment matrix has satisfied consistance.
(4) total ordering
On the single preface of each level basis, carry out the calculating of all factors rank order quantized value total, and do the consistency check of total ordering with respect to the highest level importance degree.
In the present invention, adopt above-mentioned Hierarchy Analysis Method according to the different affecting factors of vehicle time of arrival being carried out stratification and calculating the weight of each influence factor according to the significance level of different affecting factors:
1. set up hierarchy Model and determine build-in attribute and real-time property according to the influence factor of vehicle time of arrival
The factor that influences vehicle time of arrival has a lot, and for example: traffic jam is each metropolitan common contradiction of the world.The size of pavement quality, category of roads, the magnitude of traffic flow is very big to speed of a motor vehicle influence, and the restriction that turns in various traffic restrictive conditions such as one-way road, the traffic but can not arrive the road that originally communicates in real life.In addition, reach 30% owing to stopping up the delay shared ratio in the whole travel time that causes, also can not be ignored in the crossing.For this reason, to the vehicle influence degree of time of arrival, we have proposed hierarchy Model as shown in Figure 2 according to each factor.
In Fig. 2, the ground floor influence factor of vehicle O time of arrival comprises: distance journey time B 1With intersection delay B 2Distance journey time B 1Influence factor further comprise traffic control C 1, road section length C 2, average speed C 3, the highway section width C 4, category of roads C 5, magnitude of traffic flow C 6With pavement quality C 7Intersection delay B 2Influence factor further comprise traffic control C 1, keep straight on to incur loss through delay C 8, turn left to incur loss through delay C 9Incur loss through delay C with turning right 10
Wherein, road section length C 2, the highway section width C 4, category of roads C 5Or pavement quality C 7Be the build-in attribute in highway section, obtain by Geographic Information System (GIS).Traffic control C 1, average speed C 3Or magnitude of traffic flow C 6Be the real-time property in highway section, obtain by the traffic real-time monitoring system.In addition, C is incured loss through delay in craspedodrome 8, turn left to incur loss through delay C 9Or turn right and incur loss through delay C 10Also be the real-time property in highway section, by the wide C in highway section 4Degree and average speed C 3Calculate and obtain.
2. according to hierarchy Model shown in Figure 2, by adopting 1-9 and Scale Method reciprocal thereof to construct the judgment matrix of each level and calculating the inferior weight of the relative last layer of each influence factor.
(1) according to each factor B iRelative importance structure judgment matrix O-B to target O is as follows:
Table 2 judgment matrix O-B
Figure A20071007608500081
The computing method of weight have a variety of, for example with method, root method, characteristic root method etc.In the present embodiment.We adopt and method is calculated each factor B iThe weight of relative target O, its calculation procedure is as follows:
The first step: the element of judgment matrix is pressed row normalization;
Second step: with each the row addition after the normalization;
The 3rd step: the vector after the addition is promptly got weight vectors divided by n.
For example: the weight calculation of top O-B judgment matrix is as follows:
w1=1/2×(1÷4/3+3/4)=0.75
w2=1/2×(1/3÷4/3+1/4)=0.25
(2) in like manner construct each factor C iTo B iJudgment matrix and calculate C iRelative B iWeight
Table 3 judgment matrix B 1-C and proper vector thereof
Figure A20071007608500091
Table 4 judgment matrix B 2-C and proper vector thereof
Figure A20071007608500092
(3) calculate each factor C iThe total weight of O and ordering the results are shown in Table 5 relatively.
Each factor weight of table 5 always sorts
Figure A20071007608500093
3. result of calculation is carried out consistency check
(1) carries out single preface check earlier
Because single order, second-order matrix are always consistent, so we only need B 1-C, B 2-C judgment matrix is tested.
For example, to B 1-C judgment matrix result of calculation is as follows:
B w 1 = 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 7 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 7 2 2 2 2 1 1 0.5254 0.0621 0.0621 0.0621 0.0621 0.1131 0.1131 = 3.8476 0.4366 0.4366 0.4366 0.4366 0.7981 0.7981
λ max = Σ ( B w ‾ ) i n w i = 7.0798
C I = λ max - n n - 1 = 7.0798 - 7 7 - 1 = 0.0133
Look into (table 2) R I=1.36
Substitution C R=C I/ R I=0.0133/1.36=0.0098<0.10 is so consistency check is passed through.In like manner, to B 2-C judgment matrix is calculated as follows:
B w 2 = 1 7 7 7 1 7 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 = 2.8 0.4 0.4 0.4
Then
λ max = Σ ( B w ‾ ) i n w ‾ i = 3.5366
C I = λ max - n n - 1 = 4 - 4 4 - 1 = 0
Look into (table 2) R I=0.89 (n=4) substitution C R=C I/ R I=0<0.10, so consistency check is passed through.
(2) remake total ordering check
C I is total=∑ Wi * C Ii=0.75 * 0.0133+0.25 * 0=0.009975
R I is total=∑ Wi * R Ii=0.75 * 1.36+0.25 * 0.89=1.2425
C then R is total=C I is total/ R I is total=0.009975/1.2425=0.008<0.1 is so consistency check is passed through.
Show by above result of calculation, in each factor in the road weight evaluation scheme that with the hourage is standard, the influence of traffic control, the magnitude of traffic flow and pavement quality is bigger, and their weight sum is 0.7387, account for 73.87% of whole factors, this is similar to experience gained result.
In sum, by said method and system, in having now, further introduce the notion of highway section real-time property and weight and weights based on the Vehicular navigation system of global position system and Geographic Information System.Utilize the real-time property that obtains by monitoring in real time to obtain the weighting score of the real-time traffic status in reaction driving path, and then get the preferred in real time driving of component selections path according to weighting in conjunction with build-in attribute.
In the above-described embodiments, only the present invention has been carried out exemplary description, but those skilled in the art can design various embodiments according to different actual needs under the situation of the scope and spirit that do not break away from the present invention and protected.

Claims (10)

1. vehicle real time navigation method, described real-time navigation method comprises:
Starting point and destination according to the user obtain many alternative paths;
Obtain the weights of build-in attribute of the relevant road segments of described many alternative paths;
Obtain the weights of real-time property of the relevant road segments of described many alternative paths according to real-time monitor message;
Obtain the weighting score of described a plurality of alternative paths according to the respective weights of the weights of described build-in attribute and described real-time property and described build-in attribute and described real-time property; And
Get component selections roadway footpath according to described weighting.
2. real-time navigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described build-in attribute comprises road section length, highway section width, category of roads or the pavement quality that obtains by Geographic Information System.
3. real-time navigation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described real-time property comprises traffic control, average speed or the magnitude of traffic flow that obtains by the traffic real-time monitoring system.
4. real-time navigation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described real-time property further comprises keeping straight on and incurs loss through delay, turns left to incur loss through delay or turn right and incur loss through delay.
5. real-time navigation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described craspedodrome is incured loss through delay, described left-hand rotation is incured loss through delay or described right-hand rotation delay obtains by highway section width and average speed calculating.
6. real-time navigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described real-time property obtains by the IPv6 network.
7. real-time navigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: weights and described respective weights the multiply each other summation of described weighting score by described build-in attribute and described real-time property obtains.
8. real-time navigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the respective weights of described build-in attribute and described real-time property obtains by Hierarchy Analysis Method, and described Hierarchy Analysis Method comprises:
Set up hierarchy Model and determine described build-in attribute and described real-time property according to the influence factor of vehicle time of arrival;
Make up the judgment matrix of each level in the described hierarchy Model according to the significance level of each described influence factor;
Calculate the respective weights of described build-in attribute and described real-time property according to described judgment matrix.
9. vehicle real time navigation system, it is characterized in that: described real-time navigation system comprises:
Global position system;
Geographic Information System is used for cooperating with described global position system according to user's starting point and destination and obtains many alternative paths and obtain the weights of build-in attribute of the relevant road segments of described many alternative paths;
Realtime communication system is used for obtaining from the traffic real-time monitoring system weights of real-time property of the relevant road segments of described many alternative paths;
Disposal system is obtained the weighting score of described a plurality of alternative paths according to the respective weights of the weights of described build-in attribute and described real-time property and described build-in attribute and described real-time property.
10. real-time navigation system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described realtime communication system is based on the IPv6 network.
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