CN101345820A - Image brightness reinforcing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for enhancing the image brightness, which divides the luminance component value space into continuous N+2 brightness intervals M[0], M[1], ..., M[N], M[N+1], and respectively allocates a gamma value (G[0], G[1], ..., G[N], G[N+1]) larger than 0 to each brightness interval; calculates the average brightness avr of the image frame, if an avr value belongs to the brightness interval M[i], setting G[i] as the gamma value of the image frame; substitutes the luminance component value y of each pixel of the image frame into Y (shown in the above fomular) according to the gamma values, wherein, the luminance component value space includes all values larger or equal to 0 representing the luminance component, and the maximum luminance component value is L; 0<=alpha<=0.5; G[i]<G[i+1], i=0,1, ..., N +1, N> 1. The inventive method overcomes the uniqueness of the traditional gray-scale transformation technology, and improves stability of images after processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of video image processing, relate in particular to a kind of Enhancement Method of image brightness.
Background technology
Growing along with the communication technology, CMMB (China Mobile MultimediaBroadcasting, China Mobile's DMB) entered the commercialization stage, open-minded along with the CMMB mobile phone TV services, the user can directly pass through the mobile multi-media terminal TV reception, obtains information more in time, easily.Can predict, in several years of future, this type of professional client amount will increase sharply.And a key that develops this type of business is exactly to improve the quality of video image, in the hope of obtaining more excellent visual experience.
Be limited by display capabilities, the image frame that mobile multi-media terminal shows is often comparatively dim, and this can make image detail be difficult to identification, lacks stereovision, influences visual effect.Usually need to adopt image enhancement technique to solve this class problem.
Traditional image enchancing method mainly is to realize by technology such as greyscale transformation, histogram processing, these technology are by the dynamic range of expanded view image brightness, the change image pixel distributes and improves the brightness of image, can obtain certain image reinforced effects by lower amount of calculation.To simply introduce these technology below.
(1) greyscale transformation technology
Be mapped to other brightness degree by brightness degree according to certain functional relation and realize the figure image intensifying image.Mapping function can adopt piecewise linear function, power time (claiming gamma again) function or the like.This technology can effectively improve image brightness, and calculates simply, can be by the realization of tabling look-up.But when adopting this method that dynamic image is handled, use fixing parameter, lack self-adaptive processing ability the source images scene.
(2) histogram treatment technology
Mainly realize, can effectively enlarge the dynamic range of pixel value, strengthen the brightness of image, improve stereovision, but the merging of some brightness degrees simultaneously causes the detail section of image to produce distortion easily by the brightness probability density function that changes image.
The above-mentioned image brightness Enhancement Method of prior art or shortage perhaps need to carry out complicated processing to the self-adaptive processing ability of dynamic image, can't obtain better image brightness reinforced effects in the CMMB terminal.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of, image brightness Enhancement Method of possessing dynamic image adaptive ability not high to the software and hardware Capability Requirement is provided.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of Enhancement Method of image brightness, be N+2 continuous brightness section M with the luma component values spatial division
0, M
1..., M
N, M
N+1, be respectively each brightness section and distribute one greater than 0 gamma value G
0, G
1..., G
N, G
N+1, and picture frame carried out following processing:
Calculate the average brightness avr of this picture frame, if the value of avr belongs to brightness section M
i, then with G
iBe set at the gamma value γ of this picture frame;
According to described gamma value γ the luma component values y of this each pixel of picture frame is replaced with Y:
Wherein, comprise in the described luma component values space expression luminance component that is useful on more than or equal to 0 value, and maximum luma component values is L;
Expression rounds 0≤α≤0.5 downwards; G
i＜G
I+1, i=0,1 ..., N+1, N＞1.
In addition, the center point coordinate of establishing described picture frame is [x
0, y
0], comprise S pixel; Adopt following method to calculate the average brightness avr of described picture frame:
Calculating is with [x
0, y
0] for central point, (β * S) average brightness avr1 of the rectangular area of individual pixel, and described rectangular area is with the average brightness avr2 of exterior domain to comprise int;
The average brightness avr=of described picture frame (a * avr1+b * avr2)/(a+b);
Wherein, 0.2≤β≤0.8,0≤b/a≤0.5, a＞0, b 〉=0, int () expression rounds.
In addition, adopt following method to calculate the average brightness avr of described picture frame:
Calculate the average brightness avr1 of the foreground area of described picture frame, and the average brightness avr2 of background area;
The average brightness avr=of described picture frame (a * avr1+b * avr2)/(a+b);
Wherein, 0≤b/a≤0.5, a＞0, b 〉=0.
In addition, described gamma value G
0, G
1..., G
N, G
N+1All more than or equal to 0.6 and smaller or equal to 1.0.
In addition, described gamma value G
0, G
1..., G
N, G
N+1Become the arithmetic progression increase progressively in regular turn, and the span of difference DELTA is: 0.15≤Δ≤0.3.
In addition, described α=0.5.
In addition, described L=255, described luma component values space comprises L+1 integer value: 0,1 ..., 255.
In addition, the span of described N is: 8≤N≤12.
In addition, described brightness section M
0=[0, L
0], M
N+1=[L
N, 255]; Wherein, 30≤L
0≤ 50,120≤L
N≤ 150.
In addition, described brightness section M
1..., M
NSiding-to-siding block length equate.
Adopt method of the present invention, by image brightness is detected, and adjust the compensation dynamics of brightness automatically, overcome the unicity of traditional greyscale transformation technology according to testing result; In addition, the present invention also has following beneficial effect: gamma function of the present invention only comprises a key parameter, is convenient to be provided with and use, and its monotonically increasing attribute can guarantee that also the detail section of image does not produce the distortion that is brought by the histogram treatment technology; The many grades gamma look-up tables that the present invention adopts and the level and smooth attribute of gamma function can guarantee the stability of image frame when the light and shade variation appears in scene, can not cause brightness to be undergone mutation because of the light and shade transition of sequence, so that film flicker; Because method of the present invention can adopt look up table technique to realize, be convenient to calculate, have stronger practical value, in portable video apparatus such as mobile TV, application promise in clinical practice is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention image brightness Enhancement Method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the curve synoptic diagram of many grades of the present invention gamma look-up tables;
Fig. 3 is a kind of multizone image schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Core concept of the present invention is to select suitable gamma value to carry out the brightness enhancement process according to the average brightness of dynamic image, to improve the self-adaptive processing ability to dynamic image.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention image brightness Enhancement Method flow chart, may further comprise the steps:
101: luminance component image value space is divided into N+2 brightness section continuously according to the order of ascending (promptly by dark to bright).
Above-mentioned luma component values space comprises the whole brightness values that are used for presentation video brightness.Usually the luma component values space is by 0,1,2 ..., the set that 256 integers such as 255 grades are formed.
The adaptive ability that the number of brightness section can cause brightness to strengthen very little is relatively poor; The number of brightness section can cause brightness to strengthen the amplitude frequent variations too much.Usually, the span of N is: 8～12.
Brightness section can be expressed as: M
0=[0, L
0), M
1=[L
0, L
1) ..., M
N=[L
N-1, L
N), M
N+1=[L
N, 255].Wherein, closed interval, round bracket ") represented in bracket " [", "] " " represent the open interval.
The length of each brightness section (being step-length) can be inequality.Brightness section M
0And M
N+1Length can be bigger; That is to say, when the brightness value of image less than L
0Or more than or equal to L
NScope in the time, need not to be provided with too much gamma look-up tables.Usually can get 30≤L
0≤ 50,120≤L
N≤ 150.
Brightness section M
1～M
NLength can be less, and can be arranged to the equal length brightness section, so that more than or equal to L
0And less than L
NScope in carry out meticulousr brightness enhancement process according to the variation of brightness.Brightness section M
1～M
NThe too little meeting of step-length cause the brightness section number too much, the number of corresponding gamma look-up tables is too much, picture after the brightness enhancement process glimmers easily, and step-length too conference cause the brightness section number very few, the number of corresponding gamma look-up tables is very few, strengthen the shortage adaptive ability, the span of the length of brightness section (being step-length) can be: 5～12.
102: for each brightness section is provided with a gamma value, each gamma value increases (be the less brightness section of brightness value less gamma value is set) successively along with the increase of brightness value in the brightness section.
Each gamma value is greater than 0, and preferred span is: more than or equal to 0.6 and smaller or equal to 1.0.Gamma value is lower than at 0.6 o'clock, and it is excessive that image brightness strengthens amplitude, can cause some image brightness distortion; Gamma value surpasses at 1.0 o'clock, can cause some image deepening.
Each gamma value can increase progressively with a fixed step size from low to high according to the brightness value size of brightness section, and the step-length scope is 0.15 to 0.3, and the too little meeting of step-length causes strengthening narrow limits, and step-length too conference makes image brightness generation saltus step, causes film flicker.Certainly, the arithmetic progression that each gamma value also can become to increase progressively, the span of difference DELTA: 0.15≤Δ≤0.3.
For total N+2 of the selected gamma value of each brightness section, be respectively G
0, G
1, G
2..., G
N, G
N+1, step-length is expressed as S
0, S
1, S
2..., S
N, G wherein
N+1=G
n+ S
n, G
nBe brightness section M
nGamma value, G
n＜G
N+1, 0≤n≤N.
103: adopt gamma function to make up N+2 the pairing N+2 of a gamma value gamma look-up tables respectively.
Certainly, also N+2 gamma look-up tables can be merged many grades gamma look-up tables of title with N+2 brightness degree.Fig. 2 is the curve synoptic diagram of many grades gamma look-up tables, and transverse axis is the brightness value of input, and the longitudinal axis is the brightness mapping value of output.
The general representation of gamma function is: y=x
γ, 0≤x≤1.
In order to satisfy in the gamma function constraints (0≤x≤1), need carry out normalized to the brightness value of input to variable x.When the span of luminance component was [0,255], gamma function can be expressed as:
Wherein, L
InBe the source luma component values, span is 0 to 255, L
γBe the luma component values of output, γ is selected gamma value;
Expression rounds downwards.
In addition, above-mentioned α is for rounding parameter, 0≤α≤0.5, preferably, α=0.5.
At last, 256 brightness mapping value L that each gamma value calculated
γBe merged into a gamma look-up tables.Gamma value is G
nPairing gamma look-up tables can be expressed as with the array form:
Y
n[0]，Y
n[1]，...，Y
n[255]。
Wherein, Y
n[m] expression gamma value is G
nThe time, pairing brightness mapping value when the input brightness value is m.
104: from image buffer, read a frame video image;
105: detect the brightness degree of this picture frame, and be identified for strengthening the gamma value of this picture frame according to brightness degree;
The brightness degree of above-mentioned picture frame is the mean value of this each pixel intensity of picture frame.Because therefore the importance difference of each several part in every two field picture adopts weighted-average method to calculate the brightness degree of this picture frame usually.
For example, picture frame can be divided into prospect and background two parts, the importance height of foreground portion proportion by subtraction background parts, and therefore each pixel brightness value that the foreground portion branch comprises when calculating average brightness should be bigger than background parts weight.The prospect of recognition image frame/part part can adopt methods such as rim detection usually, and the specific implementation method has exceeded category of the present invention, can be with reference to pertinent literature.
In addition, for not having tangible prospect and background image frame (for example landscape), the importance of the central area of common image is than fringe region height, so each pixel brightness value that the central area comprises should be bigger than the weight of fringe region.Usually, for the histogram picture frame of being made up of S pixel, establishing center point coordinate is [x
0, y
0], can be with [x
0, y
0] for central point, (zone of the individual pixel of β * S) is as the central area, and all the other be fringe region, and int () represents to round 0.2≤β≤0.8 to comprise int.
Here we make regional A (prospect part or central area) and area B (background parts or fringe region) with two zone notes of picture frame, introduce brightness degree that calculates this picture frame and the method for determining corresponding gamma value below:
105a: calculate the average brightness avr1 of regional A, and the average brightness avr2 of area B;
105b: the brightness degree that calculates this picture frame: avr=(a * avr1+b * avr2)/(a+b).
Wherein, weighted value a and b satisfy following relation: 0≤b/a≤0.5, a＞0, b 〉=0.
105c: determine the pairing brightness section of brightness degree avr, and then determine to strengthen the required gamma value of this picture frame:
If avr＜L
0, then gamma value is G
0Otherwise
If avr 〉=L
N, then gamma value is G
N+1Otherwise
If L
n≤ avr＜L
N+1(0≤n≤N-1), then gamma value is G
N+1
106: according to the gamma value of this picture frame correspondence, the counterpart in selected many grades gamma look-up tables, the perhaps selected pairing gamma look-up tables of gamma value;
107: use the selected gamma look-up tables or the counterpart of many grades gamma look-up tables that each pixel brightness value of this picture frame is replaced.
Usually can be from the upper left corner of picture frame, according to from left to right, order from top to bottom, pointwise traversing graph picture is replaced the brightness value of source images with the brightness value in the corresponding gamma look-up tables, to strengthen image brightness.
If selected gamma value is γ, then adopt corresponding gamma look-up tables (or the counterpart in many grades gamma look-up tables), with the brightness value 0,1 of picture frame ..., 255 replace with respectively:
Y
γ[0], Y
γ[1] ..., Y
γ[255]; Y wherein
γWhen [m] expression gamma value is γ, the correspondence mappings value when the input brightness value is m.
108: will send into display buffer through the image frame data that strengthens and carry out subsequent treatment and demonstration.
Below will the present invention is described further with a concrete application example:
101: get N=9, L
0=48, L
N=120, brightness section M
1～M
10Siding-to-siding block length equal 8, just the image brightness value is divided into following 11 brightness section:
M
0＝[0，48)，M
1＝[48，56)，...，M
9＝[112，120]，M
10＝[120，255]。
102: be brightness section M
0～M
10Selected respectively following gamma value:
G
0=0.7, G
1=0.72 ..., G
10=0.9, each gamma value step-length S
0=S
1=S
2=...=S
9=0.02.
103: get α=0.5, adopt following formula to generate the gamma look-up tables of each gamma value correspondence:
104: from image buffer, read a frame video image;
105a: as shown in Figure 3, establish this picture frame and comprise S pixel, will be with the central point [x of this two field picture
0, y
0] (zone of 2/3 * S) individual pixel is as central area (regional A), and remainder is fringe region (area B), calculates average brightness avr1 and avr2 respectively for the int that comprises of central point; Dash area among Fig. 3 is central area (regional A), and remainder is a fringe region.
105b: get weighted value a=3, b=1, calculate the brightness degree of this two field picture:
avr＝(3×avr1+avr2)/4。
105c: determine the pairing brightness section of brightness degree avr, and then determine to strengthen the required gamma value of this two field picture:
If avr＜48, then gamma value is 0.7; Otherwise
If avr 〉=0.9, then gamma value is 0.9; Otherwise
If L
n≤ avr＜L
N+1(0≤n≤8), then gamma value is G
N+1
106: according to the gamma value of this picture frame correspondence, the counterpart in selected many grades gamma look-up tables, the perhaps selected pairing gamma look-up tables of gamma value;
107: use the selected gamma look-up tables or the counterpart of many grades gamma look-up tables that each pixel brightness value of this picture frame is replaced;
If selected gamma value is γ, then for the brightness value L of importing
In, the brightness mapping value of output is L
Out=Y
γ[L
In].
108: will send into display buffer through the image frame data that strengthens and carry out subsequent treatment and demonstration.
According to basic principle of the present invention, the foregoing description can also carry out multiple conversion, for example:
(1) above embodiment realizes that in the mode of tabling look-up brightness strengthens, and in fact tabling look-up only is one of implementation of using always.When each pixel being carried out the brightness enhancing, can directly calculate corresponding brightness mapping value according to selected gamma value and formula one.
(2) usually the brightness value that comprises of luma component values space is: 0,1 ..., 255; But the present invention is equally applicable to other luma component values space, as long as each brightness value in this brightness value space is more than or equal to 0.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of Enhancement Method of image brightness is characterized in that, is N+2 continuous brightness section M with the luma component values spatial division
0, M
1..., M
N, M
N+1, be respectively each brightness section and distribute one greater than 0 gamma value G
0, G
1..., G
N, G
N+1, and picture frame carried out following processing:
Calculate the average brightness avr of this picture frame, if the value of avr belongs to brightness section M
i, then with G
iBe set at the gamma value γ of this picture frame;
According to described gamma value γ the luma component values y of this each pixel of picture frame is replaced with Y:
Wherein, comprise in the described luma component values space expression luminance component that is useful on more than or equal to 0 value, and maximum luma component values is L;
Expression rounds 0≤α≤0.5 downwards; G
i＜G
I+1, i=0,1 ..., N+1, N＞1.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that,
If the center point coordinate of described picture frame is [x
0, y
0], comprise S pixel; Adopt following method to calculate the average brightness avr of described picture frame:
Calculating is with [x
0, y
0] for central point, (β * S) average brightness avr1 of the rectangular area of individual pixel, and described rectangular area is with the average brightness avr2 of exterior domain to comprise int;
The average brightness avr=of described picture frame (a * avr1+b * avr2)/(a+b);
Wherein, 0.2≤β≤0.8,0≤b/a≤0.5, a＞0, b 〉=0, int () expression rounds.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that,
Adopt following method to calculate the average brightness avr of described picture frame:
Calculate the average brightness avr1 of the foreground area of described picture frame, and the average brightness avr2 of background area;
The average brightness avr=of described picture frame (a * avr1+b * avr2)/(a+b);
Wherein, 0≤b/a≤0.5, a＞0, b 〉=0.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described gamma value G
0, G
1..., G
N, G
N+1All more than or equal to 0.6 and smaller or equal to 1.0.
5, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Described gamma value G
0, G
1..., G
N, G
N+1Become the arithmetic progression increase progressively in regular turn, and the span of difference DELTA is: 0.15≤Δ≤0.3.
6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described α=0.5.
7, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described L=255, described luma component values space comprises L+1 integer value: 0,1 ..., 255.
8, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,
The span of described N is: 8≤N≤12.
9, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described brightness section M
0=[0, L
0], M
N+1=[L
N, 255]; Wherein, 30≤L
0≤ 50,120≤L
N≤ 150.
10, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described brightness section M
1..., M
NSiding-to-siding block length equate.
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| CN111275636A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-12 | 南京审计大学 | Brightness enhancement method for dark image |
| CN111275636B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-01-12 | 南京审计大学 | Brightness enhancement method for dark image |
| CN114365211A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 谷歌有限责任公司 | Dimension reduction based gamma lookup table compression |
| CN113838417A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 深圳市万普拉斯科技有限公司 | Image brightness improving method, electronic device and readable storage medium |
| CN113052656B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-02-22 | 蔡文华 | E-commerce platform management system based on big data |
| CN113052656A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-29 | 蔡文华 | E-commerce platform management system based on big data |
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