CN101344756B - Detection method and device for mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear - Google Patents
Detection method and device for mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN101344756B CN101344756B CN2008100541312A CN200810054131A CN101344756B CN 101344756 B CN101344756 B CN 101344756B CN 2008100541312 A CN2008100541312 A CN 2008100541312A CN 200810054131 A CN200810054131 A CN 200810054131A CN 101344756 B CN101344756 B CN 101344756B
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- escapement speed
- adjusting gear
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-escapement-regulator mechanical watch test method, comprising the following steps of: signal acquisition and signal analysis, wherein, the signal analysis includes initial watch-sound signal input and pretreatment S1; watch sound separation and analysis S2; automatic parameter adjustment S3; watch-sound signal input and pretreatment S4; watch sound separation and analysis S2; parameter computation S5; and screen display. The test method of the invention has the advantages that as watch-sound signals are effectively separated and the watch sound can be analyzed and displayed on a screen, the performance test of escapement-regulation mechanical watches can be realized, and the method of the invention has high precision, stable and reliable service and convenient use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wrist-watch chronographic recorder; Particularly relate to a kind of mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear tester and detection method.
Background technology
Every stem-winder all can send distinctive sound, and " ticktack " sound of stem-winder is from the collision in the escapement speed adjusting gear, and the escapement speed adjusting gear is a feedback regulator, and it has determined the accuracy of timekeeping of stem-winder.The stem-winder chronographic recorder is a kind of instrument that utilizes the voice signal detection stem-winder performance parameter of escapement speed adjusting gear.At present, all stem-winder chronographic recorder all is at the stem-winder design of single escapement speed adjusting gear.And the two top flywheel wrist-watches that come into vogue in recent years, a kind of typical duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear stem-winder but can't detect by common stem-winder chronographic recorder.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that a kind of chronographic recorder and its detection method that can carry out adjustment to the duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear stem-winder is provided.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of detection method of mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear comprises signals collecting and signal analysis; Wherein: described signal analysis may further comprise the steps: input of A. initial table tone signal and pre-service S1; B. watch sound separates and analysis S2; C. Automatic parameter is adjusted S3; D. the watch sound signal is imported and pre-service S4; E. watch sound separates and analysis S2; F. calculation of parameter S5; With the G. screen display; Wherein, input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 comprise: read in 10 seconds buffer datas, and display waveform; Remove the DC component of signal; Signal amplitude normalization; Initial threshold with given end-point detection; Wherein, watch sound separation and analysis S2 comprise: use based on the end-point detection algorithm of zero-crossing rate and short-time energy and find out all possible endpoint location start (n), n=1,2,3...N and end (n), n=1,2,3...N; The physical significance of parameter: start (n) is the quiet time for the start time of each watch sound collision, end (n) is collision time for the concluding time of each watch sound collision between start (n)～end (n) between end (n)～start (n+1); Judge whether two watch sounds overlap, carry out input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 when returning again when being; When for not the time in Probability Area end points start_e1 (the k)=start (n) of screening escapement speed adjusting gear, n=1,2,3...N, k=1,2,3...N1; End points start_e2 (the m)=start (n) of screening escapement speed adjusting gear in Probability Area, n=1,2,3...N, m=1,2,3...N2; Judge once more whether two watch sounds overlap, carry out input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 when returning again when being; Wherein, Automatic parameter is adjusted S3 and is comprised: when the short-time energy of calculating all quiet intervals for not the time; With will more than the short-time energy that calculates as with reference to value, determine the new threshold value of end-point detection; Wherein, input of watch sound signal and pre-service S4 comprise: read in 1 second buffer data; Remove the DC component of signal; With signal amplitude normalization.
Described calculation of parameter S5 comprises: the diurnal inequality that calculates two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; Calculate the amplitude of oscillation of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; Calculate the polarization of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; Calculate the watch sound track of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively.
A kind of pick-up unit of mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear comprises signal pickup assembly and signal analysis device; Described signal pickup assembly comprises signal transducer, selective frequency amplifier circuit, sound collection module; Described signal analysis device comprises watch sound separation and Shaping Module, watch sound analysis module, automatically with reference to adjusting module and screen display module; Described signal transducer picks up the watch sound signal of mechanical watch and conversion of signals become electric signal and amplifies by described selective frequency amplifier circuit; Described sound collection module can input/output signal; The watch sound signal through watch sound separation and shaping after screen display module externally show.
Described sound collection module is computer sound card or data acquisition unit.
Described signal transducer is the contact microphone.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: because the watch sound signal is effectively separated, and watch sound is analyzed the back show, realize Performance Detection the wrist-watch of escapement speed adjusting gear by screen, this device precision height, working stability is reliable, and is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a wrist-watch signal period synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a single escapement speed adjusting gear voice signal end-point detection result schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a tester block scheme in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is initial table tone signal input of the present invention and pretreatment process figure;
Fig. 5 is that watch sound of the present invention separates and analysis process figure;
Fig. 6 is that Automatic parameter of the present invention is adjusted process flow diagram;
Fig. 7 is watch sound signal input of the present invention and pretreatment process figure;
Fig. 8 is a calculation of parameter process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention has introduced end-point detection algorithm and two top flywheel wrist-watch performance computation.
Fig. 1 is a wrist-watch signal period synoptic diagram of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a single escapement speed adjusting gear voice signal end-point detection result schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2,1. end-point detection algorithm, because the voice signal of stem-winder is produced by the collision of escapement speed adjusting gear, therefore, it is the one-period signal.There are three crests in each cycle of stem-winder signal.By the mistiming between first crest of measuring each cycle, voice signal cycle and normal period that we can more tested stem-winder, thereby the diurnal inequality of calculating machine table, measure the polarization of escapement speed adjusting gear.By measuring the mistiming between first crest and the 3rd crest, we can calculate the amplitude of oscillation of escapement.The difference of each cycle and normal period is linked to be line, promptly obtains the watch sound track of stem-winder.
We at first are divided into a segment table tone signal very short frame (length is N), and every frame and front and back two frames some (M point) are overlapping.N data of i frame can be used following formulate:
x
i(n)＝x[(i-1)M+n] (1)
Because the voice signal during collision has higher energy and zero-crossing rate, therefore, we detect the start time of each " ticktack " sound by short-time energy and zero-crossing rate.Short-time energy e and zero-crossing rate zcr can use following formulate:
Wherein, if condition x
ix
I-1＜0 sets up, and vice versa.
2. two top flywheel wrist-watch performance computation
As long as the sound of two escapement speed adjusting gears collision separately, we just can calculate the various performance parameters of each escapement speed adjusting gear by as above method, and obtain the combination property parameter.Can be separately by position estimation method with two watch sounds based on cross-correlation coefficient.The Position Approximate in i cycle can be by the determining positions in first cycle:
start(i)＝start(1)+(i-1)T
0±error
Wherein, error is tested cycle and reference cycle T
0Possible error.
After determining possible starting position of i cycle, we at first judge in the interval of estimation whether have and only have one by the detected cycle starting position of end-point detection method.If in the interval of estimating, have and only have one by the detected cycle starting position of end-point detection method, we think that this starting position is exactly the starting position in i cycle being asked so, otherwise we will carry out the detection of starting position with the cross-correlation coefficient method.
If the sound of two escapement speed adjusting gears overlaps, then can't tell sound separately, do not measure the performance of each escapement speed adjusting gear this moment.
As shown in Figure 4, signal analysis of the present invention comprises input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1; Read in 10 seconds buffer datas, and display waveform, this watch sound of 10 seconds does not participate in calculating; Remove the DC component of signal; Signal amplitude normalization; The initial threshold of given end-point detection.
Wherein: the formula that removes the DC component of signal: x (n)=x (n)-ave_x ave_x is the mean value of x.
The formula of amplitude normalization: x (n)=x (n)/max (abs (x))
Max is the function of maximizing, and abs is a function of asking absolute value.
As shown in Figure 5, described watch sound separates and analysis S2; Use based on the end-point detection algorithm of zero-crossing rate and short-time energy and find out all possible endpoint location start (n), n=1,2,3...N and end (n), n=1,2,3...N;
The physical significance of parameter: N is a positive integer, the endpoint value of the maximum that is found, start (n) is the start time of each watch sound collision, end (n) is the concluding time of each watch sound collision, between start (n)～end (n) is collision time, is the quiet time between end (n)～start (n+1);
Judge whether two watch sounds overlap, i.e. N＜BPS*10*2
The physical significance of parameter: N is maximum end points number, and BPS is the collision frequency in 1 second, and 10 were meant for 10 seconds, and 2 are meant two escapement numbers, and wherein a second number can be adjusted according to different requirements accordingly with the escapement number.
When watch sound overlaps, return again and carry out input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1; When watch sound does not overlap, the end points of screening the 1st escapement speed adjusting gear in Probability Area
start_el(k)＝start(n)，n＝1，2，3...N，k＝1，2，3...N1；
End points tart_e2 (the m)=start (n) of screening the 2nd escapement speed adjusting gear in Probability Area, n=1,2,3...N, m=1,2,3...N2;
Judge once more whether two watch sounds overlap, i.e. N1＜BPS*10or N2＜BPS*10
The physical significance of parameter: N1 and N2 are respectively the maximum number of endpoint of the 1st escapement and the 2nd escapement, and 10 were meant for 10 seconds.
As N1 or N2 during, return again when promptly watch sound overlaps and carry out input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 less than BPS * 10.
As shown in Figure 6, described Automatic parameter is adjusted S3 and is comprised: as N1 or N2 during greater than BPS * 10, calculate the short-time energy in all quiet intervals when promptly two watch sounds separate; The above short-time energy that calculates as with reference to value, is determined the new threshold value of end-point detection.Wherein, the meaning of adjusting threshold value automatically is to determine more accurately end points, and prevents that volume change from causing original threshold value to lose efficacy.
As shown in Figure 7, described watch sound signal input and pre-service S4 comprise: read in 1 second buffer data; Remove the DC component of signal; Signal amplitude normalization; Again carrying out watch sound separates and the analysis phase.
As shown in Figure 8, described calculation of parameter S5 comprises: the diurnal inequality that calculates two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; Calculate the amplitude of oscillation of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; Calculate the polarization of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; Calculate the watch sound track of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively.
If represent tested cycle, T with T
0Represent normal period, BPH represents periodicity hourly, and diurnal inequality M can calculate with following formula so:
The mistiming in adjacent two cycles is the polarization of escapement speed adjusting gear.
Because the curve movement of escapement is similar to sinusoidal curve, and the lift angle K of escapement is a fixed value, therefore, the amplitude of oscillation A of escapement can be calculated by following formula:
A＝K/sin(πft
13) (5)
Wherein, t
13Represent first crest and the 3rd crest mistiming before, f represents sinusoidal wave frequency.
Instantaneous daily rate, polarization, escapement amplitude and the watch sound track of two top flywheels are presented on the screen.
As shown in Figure 3, mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear tester of the present invention comprises signal pickup assembly and signal analysis device; Described signals collecting comprises signal transducer, selective frequency amplifier circuit, sound collection module; Described sound collection module is a kind of in computer sound card or the data acquisition unit, described signal transducer is the rotatable clamping device of contact microphone, the contact microphone can farthest be got rid of the interference of neighbourhood noise, makes the sound signal waveform that collects by computer sound card clear.Described signal analysis comprises watch sound separation and Shaping Module, watch sound analysis module, automatically with reference to adjusting module and screen display module; Described signal transducer picks up the watch sound signal of mechanical watch and conversion of signals become electric signal and amplifies by described selective frequency amplifier circuit; Described sound collection module can input/output signal; The watch sound signal through described watch sound separation and shaping after screen display module externally show.
Claims (5)
1. the detection method of a mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear is characterized in that comprising signals collecting and signal analysis;
Wherein: described signal analysis may further comprise the steps:
A. the initial table tone signal is imported and pre-service S1;
B. watch sound separates and analysis S2;
C. Automatic parameter is adjusted S3;
D. the watch sound signal is imported and pre-service S4;
E. watch sound separates and analysis S2;
F. calculation of parameter S5; With
G. screen display;
Wherein, input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 comprise:
Read in 10 seconds buffer datas, and display waveform;
Remove the DC component of signal;
Signal amplitude normalization; With
The initial threshold of given end-point detection;
Wherein, watch sound separation and analysis S2 comprise:
Use based on the end-point detection algorithm of zero-crossing rate and short-time energy and find out all possible endpoint location start (n), n=1,2,3...N and end (n), n=1,2,3...N;
The physical significance of parameter: start (n) is the quiet time for the start time of each watch sound collision, end (n) is collision time for the concluding time of each watch sound collision between start (n)～end (n) between end (n)～start (n+1);
Judge whether two watch sounds overlap, carry out input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 when returning again when being;
When for not the time in Probability Area the end points of screening escapement speed adjusting gear
start_e1(k)＝start(n)，n＝1，2，3...N，k＝1，2，3...N1；
End points start_e2 (the m)=start (n) of screening escapement speed adjusting gear in Probability Area, n=1,2,3...N, m=1,2,3...N2;
Judge once more whether two watch sounds overlap, carry out input of initial table tone signal and pre-service S1 when returning again when being;
Wherein, Automatic parameter adjustment S3 comprises:
When the short-time energy of calculating all quiet intervals for not the time; With
The above short-time energy that calculates as with reference to value, is determined the new threshold value of end-point detection;
Wherein, input of watch sound signal and pre-service S4 comprise:
Read in 1 second buffer data;
Remove the DC component of signal; With
Signal amplitude normalization.
2. the detection method of mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described calculation of parameter S5 comprises:
Calculate the diurnal inequality of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively;
Calculate the amplitude of oscillation of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively;
Calculate the polarization of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively; With
Calculate the watch sound track of two escapement speed adjusting gears respectively.
3. a pick-up unit that uses the mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear that the described detection method of claim 1 detects is characterized in that: comprise signal pickup assembly and signal analysis device; Described signal pickup assembly comprises signal transducer, selective frequency amplifier circuit, sound collection module; Described signal analysis device comprises watch sound separation and Shaping Module, watch sound analysis module, automatically with reference to adjusting module and screen display module; Described signal transducer picks up the watch sound signal of mechanical watch and conversion of signals become electric signal and amplifies by described selective frequency amplifier circuit; Described sound collection module can input/output signal; The watch sound signal through watch sound separation and shaping after screen display module externally show.
4. the pick-up unit of mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sound collection module is computer sound card or data acquisition unit.
5. the pick-up unit of mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described signal transducer is the contact microphone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100541312A CN101344756B (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2008-08-15 | Detection method and device for mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100541312A CN101344756B (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2008-08-15 | Detection method and device for mechanical watch with duplex escapement speed-adjusting gear |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101344756A CN101344756A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN101344756B true CN101344756B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| AR091741A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-02-25 | Sicpa Holding Sa | METHOD TO AUTHENTICATE A WATCH |
| AR091742A1 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2015-02-25 | Sicpa Holding Sa | METHOD TO AUTHENTICATE A WATCH |
| EP3812847B1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2022-06-15 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Measuring system for a plurality of mechanical clock movements |
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