CN101343740A - Film coating process for aluminium alloy wheel hub - Google Patents
Film coating process for aluminium alloy wheel hub Download PDFInfo
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- CN101343740A CN101343740A CNA2007101644557A CN200710164455A CN101343740A CN 101343740 A CN101343740 A CN 101343740A CN A2007101644557 A CNA2007101644557 A CN A2007101644557A CN 200710164455 A CN200710164455 A CN 200710164455A CN 101343740 A CN101343740 A CN 101343740A
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- wheel hub
- alloy wheel
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WMYWOWFOOVUPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.O[Cr](O)(=O)=O WMYWOWFOOVUPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100002917 Caenorhabditis elegans ash-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HTEAGOMAXMOFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C HTEAGOMAXMOFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium chromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PXLIDIMHPNPGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy wheel hub film-coating process. The aluminum alloy wheel hub film-coating process comprises the steps of oil removing, cleaning and drying, pre-treating, epoxy polyester powder spraying and solidifying, grinding I, methyl methacrylate-acrylate copolymer paint spraying and solidifying, grinding II, polybutadiene high temperature-resistant insulating film-coating spraying and solidifying, vacuum cathode arc ion chromium plating and magnetism control sputtering aluminum plating, and polyurethane methacrylate light solidifying paint spraying and solidifying sequentially. The invention adopts dry electric plating to replace the traditional wet electric plating, the plating layer surface quality and the physical and chemical properties are approximately equivalent to that of the wet electric plated aluminum alloy wheel hub, the chromium consumption is reduced to about one fifth of the wet electric plating, the water consumption is reduced to about one seventh of the wet electric plating, precious nickel and copper are not utilized, the poisonous metal substance such as hexavalent chromium is not contained, the pollution to the environment is reduced, the energy, water and precious metal consumption is remarkably reduced, the technological flow is simplified, the production efficiency is enhanced, the heavy polishing working sequence is omitted, the working condition is remarkably improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the material surface process field, relate in particular to a kind of method the aluminium alloy wheel hub plated film.
[background technology]
Aluminium alloy wheel hub is at many industrial sectors, and especially automobile and motorcycle production have obtained to use widely.For many years, the production technology that wet method is electroplated aluminium alloy wheel hub has become ripe, and very high surface quality is arranged, and very bright, good is ornamental, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting.
Present aluminium alloy wheel hub electricity of wet process depositing process is: blank → check → oil removing → cleaning → paraffin removal → secondary cleaning → drying → arrangement → dress suspension member → cleaning → caustic corrosion → secondary cleaning → acid corrosion → secondary cleaning → soak ternary coat → move back coat → secondary cleaning → soak the again dark nickel of ternary coat → secondary cleaning → precoating → recovery → secondary cleaning → acid activation → cleaning → Technology Bright Acidic is coated with copper → cleaning → pickling activation chromium plating → recovery → secondary cleaning → tear open hanger → cleaning → drying → test package.
There are many unsurmountable problems in this traditional aluminium alloy wheel hub wet method plating:
1. contain toxic metal in the electroplating effluent, especially sexavalent chrome need carry out the three wastes and handle, its governance process complexity, and the treatment cost height, and can not stop environmental pollution fully;
2. need to consume noble metals such as a large amount of copper, nickel, chromium, the purchase price height of these metals, and nickel, chromium still are China's goods and materials in short supply;
3. energy consumption is big, and water loss is big, handles a wheel hub, and water consumption reaches more than 1 ton;
4. operation is many, complex process;
5. working condition is relatively poor, to the workman is healthy certain influence is arranged;
6. total production cost height.
Therefore, traditional aluminium alloy wheel hub electroplating technology can not satisfy the demand of factors such as environment, energy-conservation, water saving, cost, urgent need is developed the pollution of a kind of minimizing to environment, significantly cut down the consumption of energy, water consumption and noble metal consumption, simplify technical process, enhance productivity, and the low aluminium alloy wheel hub film coating method of cost.
[summary of the invention]
Purpose of the present invention solves the problems of the prior art exactly, proposes a kind of coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub, can reduce environmental pollution, reduces energy consumption, and significantly reduces production costs.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub, in turn include the following steps:
Oil removing: adopt organic solvent or basic solvent or emulsified solvent to remove the greasy dirt of aluminium alloy matrix surface;
Cleaning-drying: washing earlier, oven dry then;
Pre-treatment: adopt alkaline chromate process or phosphoric acid-chromate process or zinc phosphate method to carry out conversion film and handle;
Epoxy polyester powder spraying and curing: adopt electrostatic spraying to apply the epoxy polyester powder, under 180 ℃ temperature, solidify 10min at least;
Grind I: employing sand paper polishing is polished to the defective of coatingsurface and is removed;
Methyl methacrylate-acrylic ester copolymer paint spay-coating and curing: adopt electrostatic spraying to apply methyl methacrylate-acrylic ester copolymer coating, under 130 ℃-150 ℃ temperature, solidify 15min-30min;
Grind II: adopt thinner sand paper that the defective of coatingsurface is ground;
Polyhutadiene high-temperature insulation paint spay-coating and curing: adopt spraying method spraying polyhutadiene, spray pressure is 3.5-4.0kg/cm
2, behind room temperature 5-10 minute levelling, enter baking oven, adopt 180 ℃ temperature-curable 40-50min;
Chromium plating of vacuum cathode arc ions and magnetron sputtering are aluminized: in the vacuum coating film equipment that has vacuum cathode arc ion plating and two kinds of plated film modes of magnetron sputtering concurrently, adopt magnetron sputtering is aluminized after the first ion chromium plating order to carry out the vacuum plating or directly adopt magnetron sputtering to aluminize and carry out the vacuum plating;
Spraying of urethane acrylate photo-cured coating and curing: first electrostatic precipitation, adopt air spray finishing spraying workpiece again, enter the levelling section then, be heated to 50 ℃-60 ℃ with infrared heating pipe, flow time is 3min-5min, send ultraviolet light polymerization 1min-2min with mercuryvapour lamp at last, the mercuryvapour lamp energy is 1000mJ/cm
2-3000mJ/cm
2
As preferably, adopt the emulsified solvent oil removing in the described deoiling step, promptly in alkaline degreasing liquid, add surfactant soln.
As preferably, adopt alkaline chromate process in the described pre-treatment step.
As preferably, described epoxy polyester powder spraying and curing schedule floating coat thickness reach 60 μ m-80 μ m.
As preferably, electrostatic precipitation is to adopt electrostatic power unit and dedusting rifle that the dust of workpiece surface is removed in described urethane acrylate photo-cured coating spraying and the curing schedule, and the dust of being removed is discharged by exhausting system.
As preferably, the pressure of spraying workpiece is 0.3MPa-0.4Mpa in described urethane acrylate photo-cured coating spraying and the curing schedule, and nozzle diameter is 1.0mm-1.5mm, and sprayed coating thickness is 8 μ m-12 μ m.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention adopts the dry method plating to replace traditional wet method and electroplates, coating surface quality and physicochemical property are roughly suitable with wet method plating aluminium alloy wheel hub, the consumption of chromium is about original 1/5, water consumption is about wet method galvanized 1/7, do not use comparatively valuable nickel and copper, do not contain toxic metal materials such as sexavalent chrome, minimizing is to the pollution of environment, significantly reduced energy consumption, water consumption and noble metal consumption, simplify technical process, improved production efficiency, saved heavy polishing process, significantly improved labor condition, the integral production cost is about wet method galvanized 1/2.
Feature of the present invention and advantage will be elaborated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by embodiment.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub of the present invention.
[embodiment]
As shown in Figure 1, the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub, with automobile with 16 inches aluminium alloy wheel hubs.Aluminum alloy materials is ZL101A.Wheel hub can significantly improve the use properties of product by surface treatment, and final decision its outward appearance and color and luster.Its technical process in turn includes the following steps:
Oil removing 1: this procedure and back two procedures thereof all are ready for obtaining high-quality epoxy polyester powder coating.
Oil removing has a lot of methods: Solvent degreasing, alkaline degreasing, degreaser emulsion etc.The treatment process of present embodiment adopts the method for degreaser emulsion, promptly adds some surfactant solns in alkaline degreasing liquid, utilizes emulsification, the dissemination of alkaline degreasing liquid to greasy saponification and tensio-active agent, reaches the purpose of low temperature, quick deoiling.
Solution ratio is in the degreaser emulsion method:
Sodium pyrophosphate 40-60 (g/L)
Sodium carbonate 40-60 (g/L)
Water glass 2-5 (g/L)
Tensio-active agent 3-5 (g/L)
70 ℃-90 ℃ of treatment temps
Treatment time 3min-5min.
Cleaning-drying 2: through multiple tracks washing oven dry again.
Water cleans the back oven dry.For improving the quality, adopt following flow process: (room temperature) dipping 10-15 second in nitric acid → washing → in the sodium hydroxide solution of 45g/L of (room temperature) dipping of (60 ℃-70 ℃) dipping 10 seconds → in the mixed solution of 3 parts of nitric acid and 1 part of hydrofluoric acid 5 seconds → wash → in nitric acid (room temperature) floods 10-15 second → washing → oven dry.
Pre-treatment 3: mainly be to carry out conversion film to handle, for subsequently epoxy polyester powder coating provides good substrate.Conversion film is handled several different methods: alkaline chromate process, phosphoric acid-chromate process, zinc phosphate method etc.The process using alkalescence chromate process of present embodiment makes aluminum alloy surface obtain canescence porous rete.
Adopt alkaline chromate process to carry out conversion film and handle, the prescription and the treatment condition of treatment solution are as follows:
Yellow soda ash 2%-5%
Sodium chromate 0.5%-2.5%
90 ℃-100 ℃ of treatment temps
Treatment time 3min-5min
Handle after two roads washing oven dry again (hot blast below 60 ℃ quickens dry).
Epoxy polyester powder spraying and solidify 4: aluminium alloy wheel hub has advantages such as (the automobile oil consumption is few) in light weight, anti-corrosion and antifatigue, vehicles such as automobile, motorcycle have been widely used in, for further improve it various weathers, water wash away or the ballistic environment of sputter, silt particle and rubble in reliable, endurance quality, and strengthen attractive in appearancely, must carry out surface of good and handle.Adopting the dry method depositing process of organic primary coat-vacuum plating-have machine side to be coated with is an advanced person's technology, has important use value, but it has proposed high request to organic primary coat: with workpiece (aluminium alloy) surface and vacuum coating the excellent contact performance is arranged all, in conjunction with firmly, the reaction of degrade performance does not take place each other, suitable hardness and toughness, higher thermotolerance, difference of thermal expansion coefficient is little, transfers narrow-mindedly at vacuum state, and undercoat has enough thickness.
The epoxy polyester powder coating is a kind of thermosetting powder coating(s), and behind the adding polyester, the weather resistance of coating is improved in epoxy, and cost descends.The employing electrostatic spraying applies, condition of cure be 180 ℃-10min or more than.Coat-thickness reaches 60 μ m-80 μ m.Coating combines with aluminum alloy substrate firmly, and pencil hardness is 2H, salt spray resistance, resistant to chemical media.Coating easily reclaims, and pollutes little.
Adopt electrostatic painting process, promptly on the gun head metal, connect high voltage negative, be coated with Al alloy parts ground connection to form positive pole, apply high voltage direct current between Al alloy parts and the spray gun electrode, form stronger electrostatic field.When the wind that air compressor is sent is delivered to the diversion cup of spray gun with plastic powders by powder feeder behind cleaner, high voltage negative on this glass produces corona discharge, form intensive electric charge, make negative charge on the powder belt, under static and compressed-air actuated effect, powder flies on the anodal aluminium alloy wheel hub equably then.When powder bed reaches certain thickness, the top layer powder electrically charged with the sudden again powder same sex, make new powder be repelled and no longer adhere to, finish one spraying this moment.Wheel hub enters behind powder spraying and is heated to certain temperature in the stove, makes plastic powders fusion, levelling and curing, forms even, continuous, level and smooth coating.
Concrete processing parameter is:
Fineness of powder≤180 orders
Operating voltage 80kv-100kv
Air pressure 0.9MPa-1.8MPa
200 ℃ of solidification values
Set time 20min
The thickness of epoxy polyester powder coating is 60 μ m-80 μ m.
Grind I5: the smoothness of powder coating is easy to generate defectives such as tangerine peel not as good as paint, so after forming the coating of epoxy polyester powder coating, with methods such as sand paper grindings some defective of coatingsurface is polished usually and remove.
Aluminium alloy wheel hub is shaped with pressure casting method, and surface irregularity reaches tens microns, and behind powder coating 60 μ m-80 μ m thickness, this roughness obtains repairing basically.But powder coating may produce some defectives, removes so grind with No. 400 sand paper, makes the powder coating surface smoothing.
Methyl methacrylate-acrylic ester copolymer paint spay-coating and solidify 6: the main ingredient of this coating is methyl-methacrylate resin and the resin that a small amount of acrylic ester copolymer forms, and has good performance, applies with electrostatic spraying.Its condition of cure is 130 ℃-150 ℃, 15min-30min, solidification value will suitably improve when actual production, set time proper extension.This coating into black, so that find some defective easily when abrasive coating surface, road, back.
This coating into black, so that the grinding of back.Coating need stir when using, and adds special thinner, transfers to the application viscosity of regulation: No. 4 cups, 17 ± 2 seconds (25 ℃).Electrostatic spraying is adopted in spraying.Enter drying tunnel behind spraying, the levelling.Condition of cure is 160 ℃, 20min-30min.Actual baking condition is 170 ℃-180 ℃, 30min.Coating should reach following performance:
Sticking power (percentage lattice) 100/100
Pencil hardness＞1H
Salt fog resistance (the 5%Nacl aqueous solution, 35 ℃) was as good as shape in 240 hours.
Grind II 7:,, carry out finer grinding for improving the coatingsurface planeness and removing some surface imperfection at methyl methacrylate-acrylate (copolymerization) paint spay-coating and after solidifying.The thinner sand paper of general employing grinds.Grind with No. 600 sand paper, and surperficial sand grains and other dirt removals is clean.
Polyhutadiene high-temperature insulation paint spay-coating and solidify 8: 180 ℃ of high temperature of this coating ability, insulation helps ion plating and magnetron sputtering plating.Apply the employing spraying method, spray pressure is 3.5-4.0kg/c m
2, in room temperature, entered baking oven (road) in 5-10 minute behind the levelling.Condition of cure is 180 ℃, 40-50 minute.The actually operating temperature is suitably high.
Coating is varnish, anti-180 ℃ of high temperature, insulation.When coating uses, use dilution with toluene, be transferred to the application viscosity of regulation: 18 ± 2 seconds (25 ℃).Adopt the spraying of air atomizing formula, pressure is 0.3MPa-0.4MPa.After the spraying, in room temperature, leave standstill the 5min-10min levelling after, workpiece enters drying tunnel.Condition of cure is 180 ℃, 40min-50min.Actual baking condition is: 180 ℃-190 ℃, and 1 hour.Coating should reach following performance:
Glossiness (60 °) 〉=90%
Sticking power (percentage lattice) 100/100
Pencil hardness 〉=1H
Salt fog resistance (the 5%Nacl aqueous solution, 35 ℃) was as good as shape in 240 hours.
Chromium plating of vacuum cathode arc ions and magnetron sputtering aluminize 9: the magnetron sputtering for organic undercoat is aluminized, and sputtering power, especially sputtering voltage influence one of the key factor of quality of aluminizing often.Do not reach under the big situation of requirement, workpiece loading capacity at sputtering voltage, carry out coating such as chromium plating or titanium with the high vacuum cathode arc ions electroplating method of plated film speed earlier, magnetron sputtering is aluminized then, can make aluminium coated that good sticking power and silvery white color and luster are arranged.
Workpiece enters vacuum coating film equipment behind aforementioned 8 procedures.Its workpiece loading capacity is bigger, and for example 18 inches aluminium alloy wheel hub once can be adorned 12.Work rest can revolve round the sun and rotation in operational process, makes the workpiece plated film even.After the working spaces closes, be evacuated to high vacuum earlier, charge into a certain amount of argon gas then, make indoor vacuum tightness reach prescribed value, open the ion plating target then earlier, then open magnetron sputtering target and aluminize, after reaching processing requirement, close.After charging into air, open the working spaces, workpiece takes out back inflow face and is coated with operation.
Workpiece: 16 inches aluminium alloy wheel hubs
Loading capacity: 16
The ion plating chromium process:
Target/cardinal distance 150mm-200mm
Base vacuum degree 6.6 * 10
-3Pa
The substrate temperature room temperature
Several 20 of target
Fill Ar final vacuum degree (1-1.5) * 10
-1Pa
Target current 50A
Target voltage 20V
Plated film time 25sec
The magnetron sputtering technology of aluminizing:
Target/cardinal distance 15mm-200mm
Base vacuum degree 6.6 * 10
-3Pa
The substrate temperature room temperature
Several 2 of target
Fill Ar final vacuum degree (1-1.5) * 10
-1Pa
Target current 55A
Target voltage 490V
Plated film time 5min.
Spraying of urethane acrylate photo-cured coating and curing (face is coated with) 10: be the pollution that reduces environment, effectively cut down the consumption of energy, accelerate curing speed, remarkable less defective products or reprocessed products, and guaranteeing between finishing coat and the vacuum coating good bonding force, transparent light and higher hardness, wear resistance and solidity to corrosion are arranged, the face of present embodiment is coated with process using urethane acrylate photo-cured coating.
The production line of photocuring operation is made up of following 5 parts: (1) preparation has the levelling section of a plurality of infrared ray heating tubes; (2) preparation has the photocuring section of a plurality of mercuryvapour lamps, reflector, power supply, refrigerating unit etc.; (3) extension; (4) input and output material section; (5) wind system is pumped in purifying air.Wherein the UV-irradiation intensity of mercuryvapour lamp light source is big, and the coating curing time is shortened, and has improved working efficiency.Mercuryvapour lamp also has infrared light except that the emission UV-light, therefore surface temperature in the work-ing life in order to prevent that temperature in the photocuring section is too high and to prolong mercuryvapour lamp, adopted the cooling that purifies air usually also up to 700-800 ℃ when mercuryvapour lamp normally moved.
Coating: urethane acrylate photo-cured coating
Equipment: photocuring production line
Technical process: through the workpiece → electrostatic precipitation → spraying → levelling → curing → check → packing warehouse-in of primary coat and vacuum plating
Electrostatic precipitation: with electrostatic power unit and dedusting rifle the dust of workpiece surface is removed, the dust of being removed is discharged by exhausting system.
Spraying: adopt air spray finishing, the pressurized air oil removing dewaters, pressure 0.3MPa-0.4Mpa, nozzle diameter 1.0mm-1.5mm, finishing coat thickness 8 μ m-12 μ m.
Levelling: Workpiece painting is laggard goes into the levelling section, is heated to 50 ℃-60 ℃ with infrared heating pipe, and flow time is 3min-5min.
Solidify: workpiece enters behind levelling and solidifies section, and the UV-light of sending with mercuryvapour lamp is cured.The mercuryvapour lamp energy is at 1000mJ/cm
2-3000mJ/cm
2, guarantee the coating completely solidified.Workpiece is 1min-2min solidifying the section elapsed time.
After above-mentioned surface treatment, the salient features of aluminum alloy coating reaches:
(1) pencil hardness 〉=3H
(2) thickness of coating 〉=110 μ m
(3) sticking power (percentage lattice) 100/100
(4) salt fog resistance (the 5%Nacl aqueous solution, 35 ℃) 240h is as good as shape
(5) 170 ℃-2h of resistance toheat coating does not have
Come off, no height
(6) 85 ℃/1h of anti-alternating temperature performance → 23 ℃/15min is a circulation, 4 circulation back coating do not have come off, no height.
Workpiece is wanted one by one inspection after above-mentioned technical process, and except that a small amount of defective products striping is reprocessed again, salable product are delivered to packaging and storing.Such manufacture method has obtained good effect: reduced the pollution to environment, significantly cut down the consumption of energy, water consumption and noble metal consumption, simplified technical process, improved productivity effect and reduce production costs.
The foregoing description is to explanation of the present invention, is not limitation of the invention, any structure after the simple transformation of the present invention is all belonged to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub is characterized in that: in turn include the following steps:
Oil removing: adopt organic solvent or basic solvent or emulsified solvent to remove the greasy dirt of aluminium alloy matrix surface;
Cleaning-drying: washing earlier, oven dry then;
Pre-treatment: adopt alkaline chromate process or phosphoric acid-chromate process or zinc phosphate method to carry out conversion film and handle;
Epoxy polyester powder spraying and curing: adopt electrostatic spraying to apply the epoxy polyester powder, under 180 ℃ temperature, solidify 10min at least;
Grind I: employing sand paper polishing is polished to the defective of coatingsurface and is removed;
Methyl methacrylate-acrylic ester copolymer paint spay-coating and curing: adopt electrostatic spraying to apply methyl methacrylate-acrylic ester copolymer coating, under 130 ℃-150 ℃ temperature, solidify 15min-30min;
Grind II: adopt thinner sand paper that the defective of coatingsurface is ground;
Polyhutadiene high-temperature insulation paint spay-coating and curing: adopt spraying method spraying polyhutadiene, spray pressure is 3.5-4.0kg/cm
2, behind room temperature 5-10 minute levelling, enter baking oven, adopt 180 ℃ temperature-curable 40-50min;
Chromium plating of vacuum cathode arc ions and magnetron sputtering are aluminized: in the vacuum coating film equipment that has vacuum cathode arc ion plating and two kinds of plated film modes of magnetron sputtering concurrently, adopt magnetron sputtering is aluminized after the first ion chromium plating order to carry out the vacuum plating or directly adopt magnetron sputtering to aluminize and carry out the vacuum plating;
Spraying of urethane acrylate photo-cured coating and curing: first electrostatic precipitation, adopt air spray finishing spraying workpiece again, enter the levelling section then, be heated to 50 ℃-60 ℃ with infrared heating pipe, flow time is 3min-5min, send ultraviolet light polymerization 1min-2min with mercuryvapour lamp at last, the mercuryvapour lamp energy is 1000mJ/cm
2-3000mJ/cm
2
2. the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the emulsified solvent oil removing in the described deoiling step, promptly add surfactant soln in alkaline degreasing liquid.
3. the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt alkaline chromate process in the described pre-treatment step.
4. the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described epoxy polyester powder spraying and curing schedule floating coat thickness reach 60 μ m-80 μ m.
5. the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrostatic precipitation is to adopt electrostatic power unit and dedusting rifle that the dust of workpiece surface is removed in described urethane acrylate photo-cured coating spraying and the curing schedule, and the dust of being removed is discharged by exhausting system.
6. the coating process of aluminium alloy wheel hub as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the pressure of spraying workpiece is 0.3MPa-0.4Mpa in described urethane acrylate photo-cured coating spraying and the curing schedule, nozzle directly is 1.0mm-1.5mm, and sprayed coating thickness is 8 μ m-12 μ m.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101644557A CN101343740B (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2007-11-30 | Film coating process for aluminium alloy wheel hub |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101644557A CN101343740B (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2007-11-30 | Film coating process for aluminium alloy wheel hub |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101343740A true CN101343740A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN101343740B CN101343740B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
Family
ID=40245853
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101644557A Expired - Fee Related CN101343740B (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2007-11-30 | Film coating process for aluminium alloy wheel hub |
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