CN101327380B

CN101327380B - Airflow leaching novel technique and equipment thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101327380B
Application number: CN200710069686XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚建荣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-06-22
Filing date: 2007-06-22
Publication date: 2010-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2027-06-22
Also published as: CN101327380A

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air-stream extraction new process and a device thereof; the new process comprises the steps that a selected solvent is primarily measure and stored in a given stuff-solvent ratio; the solvent is then heated, so that the solvent can be evaporated into air stream at a specified evaporation speed; the solvent air stream is guided into a solid raw material at a normal temperature, so that the solvent air stream is adequately contacted and mixed wit the solid raw material, and the temperature of the solvent air stream decreases, and the solvent air stream is condensed into liquid drops, and the active ingredients are dissolved out to form a mixing solution of the solvent agent and the active ingredients; then the solid substance is separated from the mixing solution containing the active ingredients; and the active ingredients in the solvent mixing solution is extracted, and the solvent is recycled. The device is mainly composed of an upper stream chamber, a material storage chamber, a discharging port, an evaporation chamber, a mixed oil outlet, a solvent inlet, a false bottom, a mixer, a reversed-flow port and a feeding port. The air-stream extraction new process and the device thereof has the advantages such as low energy consumption, high efficiency, simple device, great processing ability, environmental protection, wide application, etc.

Description

A kind of air-flow extract technology and equipment thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of extraction and separation technology, particularly a kind of air-flow extract technology and equipment thereof.

Background technology

Extraction is a with a long history and boundless chemical separation process of application.The liquid-liquid extraction of crying, claim solvent extraction again traditionally with component in the separated from solvent liquid phase thing.And go to separate in the solid formation component liquid-solid extraction with solvent, claim solvent to leach (getting) again.This chemical unit has the separative efficiency height, and disposal ability is big, the low characteristics such as (generally operations at normal temperatures and pressures) of energy consumption.Industry such as oil, petrochemical industry, hydrometallurgy, rare earth extraction and purifying, nuclear fuel extraction and rradiated nuclear fuel post processing, chemical industry, pharmacy, biochemical industry, food have been widely used in.Along with the development of society, and the comprehensive utilization of product depth processing and resource, the environmental improvements of strict standard etc. all require the purification of diversified product separation and high purity material.In these tasks, the technological means that much will use liquid liquid, liquid-solid extraction is arranged.In the face of more and more high-new specification requirement, countries in the world are all in the isolation technics of making great efforts development of new.Over nearly more than 30 years, liquid Membrane Separation Technique, supercritical liquid extraction technique, aqueous two phase extraction technique, micelle and reverse micelle extraction technology, membrane extraction innovation type extraction and separation technology have appearred aspect liquid-liquid extraction in succession, current all the further investigation and make great efforts to impel it progressively to realize industrialization, have within the specific limits, obtained positive effect.But conventional solid-liquid phase extraction, the limitation that exists for a long time aspect separation still can't perfectly solve so far.Too big as the solid substance powder degree, moisture too high (in the time of particularly will using hydrophilic solvent) during the too high situation of the constituent content that will separate in the solid formation, adopts just difficulty relatively of traditional solid-liquid phase extraction and separation technology.And some enterprises produce to press for and use solid-liquid phase abstraction technique, so can only increase auxiliary process during actual production, manage to change the proterties of solid matter, make it partly satisfy the production demand.Like this must increase equipment input, energy consumption, production cost, equally more or less product quality is brought harmful effect, the natural constituents that particularly requires to separate is damaged less and is lost, and is bigger with regard to difficulty.Though the appearance of supercritical extract isolation technics, and progressively move towards the industrialization, can partly overcome above-mentioned limitation, can't solve above-mentioned predicament at all.Investment of the great number of this technology and great number production cost still more for the lower product of added value, is difficult to use.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new technology that can overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned conventional solid-liquid phase extraction, make once (directly) leaching of solid feed, extract quality natural constituents preferably.

The present invention is achieved in that at first that selected solvent is molten than metering, storage by certain material, make solvent vaporization rate in accordance with regulations be vaporized into air-flow the solvent heating again, then solvent stream is imported in the solid feed of normal temperature, make solvent stream fully contact, mix with solid feed, at this moment the temperature of solvent stream will descend thereupon and be condensed into drop, and stripping active ingredient, form solvent and mixing active ingredients liquid, then solids is separated with the solvent liquid that contains active ingredient, again the extracts active ingredients in the solvent liquid and solvent recovery.When the present invention uses, at first to choose the solvent of the active principle (solute) that from solid formation, extracts, enter the vaporizer that heater is housed and be vaporized into solvent stream, the air-flow fixed bed solids bed of material that constantly impacts, flows through.Because gas diffusion velocity in solid matter is fast more than liquid, so air-flow diffusion in solid material, infiltration equably rapidly.And solid material is in normal temperature, and air-flow can condensation be formed drop, stripping active ingredient, progressively form solvent and mixing active ingredients liquid, separate from solid-phase material, uncooled air-flow passes solid formation and enters upper chamber, is condensed into liquid, spray equably on solid formation, separate with mixed liquor, get back to vaporizer, solvent is vaporized again, so circulation is until active ingredient on request till the defecation.

A kind of air-flow leaching equipment, mainly be to constitute by upper chamber, storage compartment, discharging opening, vaporizer, miscella outlet, solvent inlet, the false end, agitator, refluxing opening, charging aperture, wherein upper chamber is furnished with condensing unit, and vaporizer is furnished with heater and quenching apparatus.Utilize this equipment can make vaporization, leach in (extraction), condensation, separation and the solid formation several processing steps such as solvent recovery and in an equipment, finish continuously.And this special equipment is made simple, small investment, helps the lower product of large-scale production and added value and uses.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is for being device structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of air-flow extract technology is made up of following steps: at first that selected solvent is molten than metering by certain material, storage, make solvent vaporization rate in accordance with regulations be vaporized into air-flow the solvent heating again, then solvent stream is imported in the solid feed of normal temperature, solvent stream is fully contacted with solid feed, mix, at this moment the temperature of solvent stream will descend thereupon and be condensed into drop, and stripping active ingredient, form solvent and mixing active ingredients liquid, then solids is separated with the solvent liquid that contains active ingredient, again the extracts active ingredients in the solvent liquid and solvent recovery.And the main technologic parameters that influences the air-flow leaching has: expect the selection of molten ratio, vaporization rate, mixed liquid concentration, solid material form and cycling form etc.

Expect the molten selection of vaporization rate when: expect that molten ratio depends primarily on material form, moisture pick-up properties etc., expects that generally molten ratio is 0.6-2.2.For well, general per minute evaporation capacity is controlled at the heavy 5-30% of material, comparatively economy to vaporization rate with slightly fast.

Mixed liquid concentration: mixed liquid concentration is the viscosity increase with solute (active ingredient of extraction) increase, the elevation of boiling point, vaporization rate reduction, analyzes from multiple solid material test, and is comparatively economical to be no more than 60%.

Material form: be not strict with.Answer broken wall as long as accomplished than the sclereid wall.Solid materials such as whole grain, bulk, bar shaped, should pulverize or crush can, as far as possible evenly.Analyze from many kinds solid material test: by 20-40 order/time granular material, extraction rate is the fastest with all, all the other slightly slowly, but extraction rate differs and is not very big, so needn't impose based on the maintenance optimum economic benefit.

Circulation form: can make boil-off rate be slightly larger than the separation back-flow velocity, extraction is carried out continuously.Also can select very fast vaporization rate, solvent is stockpiled fast in surperficial 1-2 centimetre, separate rapidly again and reflux, the gap circulation.Two cover operation schemes can be used.Gap cycling extraction corollary equipment is simple, easy to operate, automatic instrument(s) is less, so one-time investment is less, and final effect is consistent.

In conjunction with Fig. 2, a kind of air-flow leaching equipment mainly is by upper chamber 1, and storage compartment 2, discharging opening 3, vaporizer 4, miscella outlet 5, solvent inlet 6, the false end 7, agitator 8, refluxing opening 9 and charging aperture 10 constitute.Wherein upper chamber 1 is furnished with condensing unit, and vaporizer 4 is furnished with heater and quenching apparatus.The upper end of refluxing opening 9 also connects condenser, the further condensation liquefaction of solvent stream, the backflow that make fraction not reach liquefaction at last steam chest 1.Residual solvent in the solid matter can reclaim in special equipment, also can reclaim with the conventional equipment that takes off that steams in addition.Viscosity is bigger after considering some granular material and some active ingredient and solvent, causes separation difficulty easily, so be vacuum suction filter in change gravity filtration, has accelerated separating rate greatly.

Further specify beneficial effect of the present invention below in conjunction with instantiation.

1, effect of extracting:

Oil plant to multiple high oil-containing directly leaches grease, and to animal and plant, the leaching of active ingredient in the Chinese herbal medicine is to the extraction and the refining industrial experimentation that carried out of active ingredient in the tunning.Owing to relate to industry and kind is more, select example tabular following (seeing Table) targetedly:

Table one:

Above-mentioned expression: though solid-phase material moisture up to 30%, granular material even tied fritter, still the active principle that will separate can both be obtained satisfied effect up to more than 50%.Adaptability is strong, applied range.

2, energy-conservation:

Any material energy unit consumption aborning is all relevant with the production scale size, and production scale is big, and energy unit consumption is just low.So only select production process in the present invention and conventional the production select for use relatively, existing sesame, almond, walnut kernel production with high oil-containing in the oil prodution industry is example, tabular following (seeing Table two).

Table two: raw material variety: sesame, almond, walnut kernel etc.

Annotate: this operation is used in " √ " expression, and this operation is not used in " * " expression.

Above-mentioned expression: no matter production scale size is different with kind, the present invention has only used three operations in the pre-pressing extraction technology, has almost reduced half, thus energy-conservation with reduce that to invest additional income be conspicuous.

Height is contained the processing of oil plant, both at home and abroad mostly with the pre-lixiviation process that presses.And almost accounted for 70% of whole power consumption from clearing up pre-press for extracting juice, and soften, steam stir-fry (oven dry), pre-press for extracting juice has almost accounted for 50% of steam consumption.Equipment investment also will have more more than 40%, and operation reduces in addition, the also corresponding minimizing of operating personnel, and maintenance cost reduces or the like, is very significant so the present invention saves the energy, reduces the effect of investing, increase benefit.

3, product quality:

Because the present invention in application, does not need high-temperature process and stronger extruding, product quality improves greatly, and its active ingredient has obtained protection to greatest extent, has also created condition for further making with extra care high-grade product.With the vegetable oil production is example, and the color and luster that leaches crude oil is good especially.The leaching crude oil that obtains from the various plants oil test all level Four oil than refining is also good.Almost consistent as almond, walnut kernel wet goods with the color and luster that GB two level edible oils are crossed in refining.

So the outstanding superiority such as small investment, energy consumption are low, high benefit, good product quality that the present invention is except having, have equally the liquid-solid extraction technology, normal temperature and pressure, the advantage such as environmentally friendly, equipment is simple, and disposal ability is big, and is of many uses.

Claims

1. air-flow extract technology, it is characterized in that: with selected solvent, molten by material than 0.6-2.2, add vaporizer (4), be vaporized into air-flow, its gasification rate is that the evaporation capacity of per minute is the heavy 5%-30% of material, air-flow constantly to the solid bed of material infiltration of normal temperature, spreads, and solvent stream is met the normal temperature bed of material and is condensed into drop simultaneously, and stripping active ingredient, form solvent and mixing active ingredients liquid; And uncooled air-flow passes the solid-state bed of material and enters upper chamber (1) and be condensed into liquid, is sprinkled upon equably on the solid bed of material, separates with mixed liquor, gets back to vaporizer (4) circulation of vaporizing again, until reach extract require till.

2. an equipment that is used for the described air-flow extract technology of claim 1 is characterized in that this equipment by meeting storage compartment (2) under the upper chamber (1), connects vaporizer (4) under storage compartment (2) and constitutes an integral body; And storage compartment (2) separate with the false end (7) with vaporizer (4); Upper chamber (1) is furnished with condensing unit, and vaporizer (4) is furnished with heating and quenching apparatus; Also with discharging opening (3), miscella outlet (5), solvent inlet (6), agitator (8), refluxing opening (9) and charging aperture (10) device; Vaporization in the whole leaching process, leaching, condensation, separation are all finished in this equipment, form to leach isolation integral.

3. according to the described a kind of air-flow leaching equipment of claim 2, it is characterized in that the upper end of said refluxing opening (9) also is connected to condenser.