CN101316972B - Construction structure body, structure unit, and method for the unit - Google Patents

Construction structure body, structure unit, and method for the unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101316972B
CN101316972B CN2006800441154A CN200680044115A CN101316972B CN 101316972 B CN101316972 B CN 101316972B CN 2006800441154 A CN2006800441154 A CN 2006800441154A CN 200680044115 A CN200680044115 A CN 200680044115A CN 101316972 B CN101316972 B CN 101316972B
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China
Prior art keywords
construction
unit
face
shape
hexagonal lattice
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CN2006800441154A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101316972A (en
Inventor
竹嶋一郎
鸭下勉
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from PCT/JP2006/316868 external-priority patent/WO2008026239A1/en
Application filed by Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/JP2006/324475 external-priority patent/WO2007102264A1/en
Publication of CN101316972A publication Critical patent/CN101316972A/en
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Publication of CN101316972B publication Critical patent/CN101316972B/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/22—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material with parts being prestressed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3583—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using permanent tensioning means, e.g. cables or rods, to assemble or rigidify structures (not pre- or poststressing concrete), e.g. by tying them around the structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction structure body having a honeycomb-shaped main frame that is raised and extends in a planar form, a structure unit for the construction structure body, and a method for unit. The construction structure body has the main frame formed by connecting structure units with each other, and an imaginary honeycomb shape is raised and planarly extends in the structure body. In a plan view, structure units (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) are individually placed at positions including vertexes (h1, h2, h3, h4, h5. h6) of a hexagonal grid (H1, H2) as a unit grid of the imaginary honeycomb shape. The construction structure body has means for rigidly joining two structure units with joint surfaces of the two structure units faced to each other, where each of the joint surfaces are formed at a portion on the outer peripheral surface of each of the two adjacent structure units. Each of the rigidly joined surfaces (s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6) intersects with one of the sides of the hexagonal grid, an opening (W) is formed at the center of the hexagonal grid, and the opening (W) is surrounded by all the structure units placed on the grid.

Description

Building structure, element of construction and worker's method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a plurality of element of construction are connected mutually and the building structure constructed, particularly have the building structure that is the cellular main frame of planar extension with hexagonal lattice as unit lattice.The worker's method of constructing that also relates to its element of construction and use its building structure.
Background technology
In the past, the element of construction that constitutes by the precast concrete parts of known some uses worker's method of coming the construction structure body.
In patent documentation 1, disclosing engaging the triangle unit lattice becomes precast concrete parts and the engaging mechanism thereof that uses in the building structure of domed shape.The building structure of patent documentation 1 is the center with each summit of triangular lattice, tells 6 radial limits.As the precast concrete parts that are used for constructing this structure, the plane hexagon mating part that are positioned at the center and 6 columnar parts that are bonded on 6 sides of these mating part have been used.Each columnar part has the major diameter part at two ends, the major diameter shoulder insertion PC steel partly from a columnar part connect the shoulder of mating part up to relative columnar part, import posttension (post tension) and carry out fixed engagement.The columnar part of radial branch is being to come to this under the situation of even number to engage.
In Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 of patent documentation 1; Represented mechanism at 3 (being the odd number root) columnar parts of engage sides of mating part roughly triangular in shape; Bury fixed part and PC steel underground in the inside of mating part; Make the front end of PC steel outstanding, make its major diameter part of passing through columnar part, import posttension and be fixed.
In patent documentation 2, disclose and be used for the bridge pier of fabric structure post or viaduct is made as three crutches (three つ are post again) of hexagonal structure.This three crutch is to engage 3 beam columns that extend below tiltedly in the bottom of the hexagonal post of vertical configuration.The upper end through connecting hexagonal post successively and the lower end of 3 beam columns just are formed on the structure that can see hexagonal lattice under the situation about seeing from the top shown in the plan view of Fig. 4 of patent documentation 2.
On the other hand, in the past as high level or super-high building structure body, generally be, but, have the many shortcomings of indoor design restriction in order between whole posts, beam to be arranged with right cylinder and horizontal beam framework by the pure framework of the combination of shapes of three-dimensional grid.In contrast, dispose post continuously and they are coupled together and the tubular type framework that constitutes in the periphery of building, because there is the big advantage of degree of freedom in design in the space that can guarantee not have in inside post or beam with beam.In addition, through whole building all is deformed into tubulose, also all be excellent aspect seismic resistance and the anti-blast property.
In addition, connect with repeat patterns as unit lattice and have the firm in structure of honeycomb shape with hexagonal lattice before known, as each local or building component ( patent documentation 1,3,4 etc.) of building.As the example of the tubular type framework that is applicable to honeycomb shape, in patent documentation 5 known have in horizontal plane, connect hexagonal lattice, carry out range upon range of structure in vertical through right cylinder again.
Another example as the tubular type framework that is applicable to honeycomb shape; In patent documentation 6, put down in writing the cross section hexagonal column molding box element (element) that uses precast concrete system; The lateral surface that makes them contacts with each other and is combined into the horizontal section and is cellular wall, through repeating concreting by the inside cylindrical space that wall surrounded to above extend the bridge pier structure of constructing.
In addition, in international survey report, quoted patent documentation 7～8 as the International Patent Application PCT/JP2006/316868 on the basis of the application's claim of priority.Hinged (hinge) portion that patent documentation 7 discloses through the top that is arranged on leg-of-mutton board-like unit makes plate shake combination freely each other; After a plurality of board-like unit are engaged in the plane, hang down or push to and become the structure that is fixed after the dome-like.Patent documentation 8 discloses the wall construction that non-hexagonal foursquare board-like unit uses fastening tensioning member (nervous material) to engage each other.Patent documentation 9 discloses hexagon or the pentagonal dome structure that hardens and close.
Patent documentation 1: japanese kokai publication hei 9-328816
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2000-144909
Patent documentation 3: japanese kokai publication hei 9-4130
Patent documentation 4: japanese kokai publication hei 10-18431
Patent documentation 5: japanese kokai publication hei 9-60301
Patent documentation 6: japanese kokai publication hei 6-287913
Patent documentation 7: japanese kokai publication sho 61-83738
Patent documentation 8: japanese kokai publication sho 53-43217
Patent documentation 9: japanese kokai publication sho 61-36435
In the structure shown in the patent documentation 5; Have the honeycomb shape of extending as tabular surface in the horizontal direction, but this structure with uprightly be located at roughly on the vertical also that the honeycomb shape of planar extension is different in itself as the tubular type framework that constitutes the building circumferential lateral surface is such.Patent documentation 6 also is same.
If can realize the hexagonal lattice joint is the tubular type framework of honeycomb shape, then expectation becomes extremely firm structure.In order to construct such tubular type framework, need to form and connect hexagonal lattice the exist side by side plane of establishing or worker's method of curved surface.Honeycomb structure is the set of the essentially identical unit structure of shape, so when constructing honeycomb structure, be joined together with beam with post that will be one by one and compare, constructs as long as repeat to connect the element of construction of definite shape, and application property is all right.Thereby hope can be constructed the element of construction of the definite shape of the structure with honeycomb shape effectively.
The precast concrete parts of patent documentation 1 can be constructed and have the radial building structure that extends the unit structure on a plurality of limits from the center.But,, to carrying out the joint of whole columnar parts at mating part of this center, be not preferred from the viewpoint of structural stability because the center that becomes the end points on all limits is the point that stress is concentrated the most.
And three crutches of patent documentation 2, owing to be 4 limits are radial and three-dimensional extension from the center unit structure, the six-sided structure that engages them must be three-dimensional six-sided structure.Thereby can not construct hexagonal lattice is engaged plane or curved surface for the tubular type framework of honeycomb shape.
In addition, patent documentation 7 is not to connect one by one board-like unit successively to be built into whole worker's method, but in advance whole plates is connected into after the plane, and redeformation becomes dome and the mechanism that is fixed.In addition, in patent documentation 8, be the fastening tensioning member of configuration on vertical direction or horizontal direction, with board-like unit structure connected to one another, it doesn't matter with honeycomb shape.For patent documentation 9, also be to guarantee the structure of intensity mainly through processing dome.Thereby,, can not realize having the tubular type framework of the main frame of the honeycomb shape that element of construction is engaged with each other based on patent documentation 7～8.
Summary of the invention
In view of above present situation, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly to have by the upright building structure of main frame of establishing and being the honeycomb shape of planar extension.In addition, its purpose is to provide element of construction and the worker's method thereof that is used for constructing this building structure.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following structure.
The building structure of first aspect; It has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction; It is characterized in that; With respect to being found the virtual cellular shape of establishing and be planar extension; On the position on each summit (h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6) that comprises the hexagonal lattice (H1, H2) of seeing its unit lattice from the front as, dispose a said structure unit (1,2,3,4,5,6) respectively, comprise making the mating face that on the part of the outer peripheral face separately of two adjacent said structure unit, is provided with against each other and the mechanism that these two element of construction are engaged, wherein; Above-mentioned engaged (s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6) intersects with any limit of above-mentioned hexagonal lattice; And, be formed with the peristome (W) that is surrounded by the entire infrastructure unit that is configured on this hexagonal lattice, wherein at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice; The outer peripheral face of said element of construction comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of front and back respect to one another and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of said mating faces as the part of said side.
The building structure of second aspect is characterized in that, the said structure unit of first aspect is a precast concrete system.
The building structure of the third aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system of second aspect, see that from the front shape separately of above-mentioned a pair of plate face is a hexagon, with above-mentioned hexagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as above-mentioned mating face.
The building structure of fourth aspect is characterized in that, the hexagon of the above-mentioned a pair of plate face of the third aspect alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with above-mentioned minor face side each other as above-mentioned mating face.
The building structure of the 5th aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system of second aspect, the shape of seeing above-mentioned plate face from the front possesses 3 foots that three direction branches of mind-set therefrom extend, with the side of the front end separately of above-mentioned 3 foots as above-mentioned mating face.
The building structure of the 6th aspect; It has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction; It is characterized in that; With respect to by the upright virtual cellular shape of establishing and be planar extension, during comprising the hexagonal lattice (H1, H2) of seeing its unit lattice from the front as, on the both sides' on two adjacent summits the position, dispose a said structure unit (7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) respectively; Comprise and make the mating face that on the part of the outer peripheral face separately of two adjacent said structure unit, is provided with against each other and the mechanism that these two element of construction are engaged; Wherein, above-mentioned engaged any limit with above-mentioned hexagonal lattice intersects, and at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice; Be formed with the peristome (W) that is surrounded by the entire infrastructure unit that is configured on this hexagonal lattice; Wherein, the outer peripheral face of said element of construction comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of front and back respect to one another and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of said mating faces as the part of said side.
The building structure of the 7th aspect is characterized in that, the said structure unit of the 6th aspect is a precast concrete system.
The building structure of eight aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 7th, see that from the front shape separately of above-mentioned a pair of plate face is an octagon, with above-mentioned octagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as above-mentioned mating face.
The building structure of the 9th aspect is characterized in that, aspect the 7th in, the octagon of above-mentioned a pair of plate face alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with above-mentioned minor face side each other as above-mentioned mating face.
The building structure of the tenth aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 7th, the shape of seeing above-mentioned plate face from the front possesses 4 foots that mind-set four direction branch therefrom extends, with the side of the front end separately of above-mentioned 4 foots as above-mentioned mating face.
The building structure of the tenth one side; It is characterized in that; In aspect the first or the 7th; The mechanism that the element of construction of two adjacent above-mentioned precast concrete systems is engaged with each other comprises: intersect with above-mentioned relative mating face and connect the fastening tensioning member of both sides' element of construction and above-mentioned fastening tensioning member is applied posttension, and its two ends are separately fixed at the fixer on the above-mentioned side in each element of construction.
The building structure of the 12 aspect is characterized in that, aspect the first or the 6th in, the said structure unit is that gagger is made, reinforced concrete is made with local methods, the gagger reinforced concrete is made with local methods or wood is made.
The building structure of the 13 aspect; It has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction; It is characterized in that; Comprise: with respect to being found the virtual cellular shape of establishing and be planar extension; First element of construction (1,2,3,4,5,6) that the position on a summit see the hexagonal lattice (H1, H2) that comprises as its unit lattice from the front disposes; With second element of construction (7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) that disposes on the both sides' on adjacent two summits in comprising above-mentioned hexagonal lattice the position, comprise making the mating face that on the part of the outer peripheral face separately of adjacent two above-mentioned first and/or second element of construction, is provided with against each other and the mechanism that engages, wherein; Above-mentioned engaged any limit with above-mentioned hexagonal lattice intersects; And, be formed with the peristome (W) that is surrounded by the entire infrastructure unit that is configured in first and/or second on this hexagonal lattice, wherein at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice; The outer peripheral face of said element of construction comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of front and back respect to one another and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of said mating faces as the part of said side.
The 14 aspect building structure; It is characterized in that; First, second, the 6th, aspect the 7th or the 13 in; Said structure unit above being configured in relatively in a plurality of said structures unit that vertical engages continuously is different with the shape of said structure unit below being configured in relatively, and the size of the above-mentioned peristome that is formed by the above-mentioned element of construction that is configured in the top thus is greatly big or small than the above-mentioned peristome that is formed by the element of construction below above-mentioned being configured in.
The element of construction of the 15 aspect is used for constructing the building structure of right first～14 arbitrary aspect record.
The element of construction of the 16 aspect; It is the element of construction of the employed precast concrete system of main frame of the building structure of first aspect; It is characterized in that; Its outer peripheral face comprises a pair of plate face of being made up of front and back relative to each other and the side of between the periphery separately of above-mentioned a pair of plate face, extending; The a plurality of mating faces that when connecting, are used for engaging with adjacent element of construction are provided with as the part face of above-mentioned side, are provided with a plurality of fastening tensioning member patchhole that between other part of each and the above-mentioned side on above-mentioned a plurality of mating faces, connects with mutual nonoverlapping mode.
The element of construction of the 17 aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 16, see that from the front shape of above-mentioned plate face is a hexagon, with above-mentioned hexagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as above-mentioned mating face.
The element of construction of the tenth eight aspect is characterized in that, the hexagon of the above-mentioned plate face of the 17 aspect alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with above-mentioned minor face side each other as above-mentioned mating face.
The element of construction of the 19 aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 16; The shape of seeing above-mentioned plate face from the front possesses 3 foots that three direction branches of mind-set therefrom extend, with the side of the front end separately of above-mentioned 3 foots as above-mentioned mating face.
The element of construction of the 20 aspect; It is the element of construction of the employed precast concrete system of main frame of the building structure of the 6th aspect; It is characterized in that; Its outer peripheral face comprises a pair of plate face of being made up of front and back relative to each other and the side of between the periphery separately of above-mentioned a pair of plate face, extending; The a plurality of mating faces that when connecting, are used for engaging with adjacent element of construction are provided with as the part face of above-mentioned side, are provided with a plurality of fastening tensioning member patchhole between other part of each and above-mentioned side on the above-mentioned a plurality of mating faces of perforation with mutual nonoverlapping mode.
The element of construction of the 20 one side; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 20, see that from the front shape of above-mentioned plate face is an octagon, with above-mentioned octagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as above-mentioned mating face.
The element of construction of the 22 aspect is characterized in that, the 20 on the one hand the octagon of above-mentioned plate face alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with above-mentioned minor face side each other as above-mentioned mating face.
The element of construction of the 23 aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 20; The shape of seeing above-mentioned plate face from the front has 4 foots that mind-set four direction branch therefrom extends, with the side of the front end separately of above-mentioned 4 foots as above-mentioned mating face.
The element of construction of the 24 aspect; It is characterized in that; In the element of construction of the above-mentioned precast concrete system aspect the 20; Make with a said structure unit in the half-cell cut apart of the divisional plane etc. of mutual relative a pair of disengaged hand-deliver fork, engage relatively with above-mentioned divisional plane, form an above-mentioned element of construction thus.
The half-cell of the 25 aspect is characterized in that, have with the divisional plane of each other relative a pair of disengaged hand-deliver fork with the 20 aspect element of construction etc. cut apart and one shape in two parts forming.
The element of construction of the 26 aspect is characterized in that, aspect the 16 or the 20 in, on the direction vertical, be provided with a plurality of dull and stereotyped connecting hole that connects the said structure unit with above-mentioned a pair of plate face.
The element of construction of the 27 aspect is characterized in that, aspect the 16 or the 20 in, above-mentioned mating face is formed by in two inclined planes of two inclined planes of chevron or paddy shape any.
The element of construction of the 20 eight aspect is characterized in that, aspect the 16 or the 20 in, have the bend on the part that to be configured in above-mentioned virtual cellular shape be curved surface.
The worker's method of constructing of the building structure of the 29 aspect; This building structure has and is connected with a plurality of the 16 or the main frame of the element of construction of the 20 aspect; It is characterized in that; The mode that two adjacent element of construction interconnect with separately above-mentioned fastening tensioning member patchhole disposes mating face separately relatively; Fastening tensioning member passed through plug the above-mentioned fastening tensioning member patchhole of stating connection, above-mentioned fastening tensioning member is applied posttension and fixes, thus above-mentioned two element of construction are engaged.
(A) first, the 6th, the 13, the invention effect of the 15 aspect mainly is described below.Building structure of the present invention has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction; Each element of construction in one embodiment, be configured in respectively by upright establish and be seeing of planar extension virtual cellular shape from the front comprise on the position as each summit of the hexagonal lattice of its unit lattice.In addition, in another embodiment, element of construction is configured in respectively on the position that comprises as the both sides on two adjacent summits of the hexagonal lattice of unit lattice.In another embodiment, be configured in locational first element of construction that comprises a summit and be configured in locational second element of construction that comprises two summits and mix existence.In this " virtual cellular shape (below abbreviate " honeycomb shape " sometimes as) " itself is not the parts with entity, but for the position of each element of construction of specified configuration and adjacent structure unit each other the position relation and imagination is present in the shape of real space.
In above-mentioned any configuration mode, comprise all making the relative mechanism that also this element of construction is engaged with each other in the mating face that on the part of adjacent two element of construction outer peripheral face separately each other, is provided with that the face of this joint intersects with arbitrary limit of hexagonal lattice.And, when a plurality of element of construction of connection like this, be formed with the peristome that surrounds by the entire infrastructure unit that on this hexagonal lattice, disposes at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice.
The a plurality of element of construction that so connect can dispose with each summit that covers the whole hexagonal lattice that constitute the virtual cellular shape and the mode of Ge Bian.That is, when being conceived to a hexagonal lattice, a plurality of (6,5,4 or 3) element of construction is connected into ring-type, form peristome at middle body along 6 limits.The result can realize having by the upright building structure of main frame of establishing and being the honeycomb shape of planar extension.Particularly can make tubular type framework peripheral surface self become honeycomb structure.In addition, the element of construction owing to for the main frame that constitutes this honeycomb shape can be provided with flat board on the position, arbitrarily so can freely design the height of each layer.
In the building structure of main frame, to comprise the stress mode configuration structure unit of the position on each summit of concentrated hexagonal lattice the most with honeycomb shape of the present invention.That is, owing on the position on each summit, do not carry out element of construction joint each other, so very strong with respect to stress.For example as described in above-mentioned patent documentation 1 or the patent documentation 5, to compare with the structure of the joint of the triangle of concentrating at stress or hexagonal each summit enterprising column rule shape parts, structural stability is excellent.And in the building structure of honeycomb shape of the present invention, the face that two element of construction are engaged with each other intersects with any limit of hexagonal lattice.That is, carry out on each limit that is bonded on hexagonal lattice of two element of construction, so but because the stress minimum of this part is suitable.As a result, in the main frame that uses element of construction of the present invention, can constitute the framework of large span.
In addition, element of construction of the present invention can more freely design the shape with above-mentioned configuration condition and the irrelevant part of engaging condition.For example through changing the shape of the outer peripheral face (being disengaged face) beyond the mating face in the element of construction, just can change size at the peristome of the middle body formation of hexagonal lattice.In addition, also can be corresponding with the variation of design.
In addition, use the building structure of element of construction of the present invention owing to be that the pattern connection according to basic repetition of the element of construction of identical shaped or analogous shape is built into, so can element of construction be unified into a kind of, perhaps maximum two or three kind.Make its property produced in batches excellent thus.The result can reduce manufacturing cost, also can improve application property, reduction of erection time.But element of construction of the present invention, owing to can produce the shape of the extremely multiple analogous shape that engages one another, so its species number does not have the upper limit.
(B) effect of the invention of second～the 5th, the 7th～11, the 16～the 20 eight aspect mainly is described below.Element of construction of the present invention is precast concrete (being designated hereinafter simply as " PC ") system preferably.(element of construction of following PC system is sometimes referred to as " PC plate ".) its outer peripheral face of PC plate comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of the mutual opposite front and the back side and the side of between the periphery separately of this a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of above-mentioned mating faces as the part of side.The PC plate disposes with the mode of its plate face along the face of virtual cellular shape.Shape as the plate face has three fork-shapeds, hexagon, octagon or X-shaped etc.Can pass through molding box design shape freely.
Specific strength is high mutually because the PC plate is with general steel concrete, so can construct the building structure that vibration is had intensity.The result can realize shaking the high building of few livability.
Because the PC plate is produced in factory as general building component, so be easy to carry out quality managemant.Thereby with respect to the element of construction of producing and use the safety of its building structure of constructing, obtain reliability easily.Be easy to preserve the record information of managerial structure.
In addition, the PC plate, the rigidity when the big shape of expansion (for example hexagon or octagon) that its plate mask has face is high.In addition, the big shape of the expansion of face, concrete amount are also just many, thereby have weight.And as the situation reverse effect big with the expansion of face, the peristome that is formed by these element of construction dwindles.In contrast, in the little shape of the expansion of face, promptly approach in the shape (for example three fork-shapeds or X-shaped) of wire rod, relatively rigidity is low, and amount of concrete is also few, thereby weight lightens.And as the situation reverse effect little with the expansion of face, the peristome that is formed by these element of construction becomes big.The multiple PC plate combination of such shape different (being that rigidity is different) is used, can be constructed the building structure that comes from by the control rigidity.
For example, thereby preferably peristome is diminished, thereby the little PC plate of use face expansion make peristome become big (aspect the of the present invention the 14) on the upper strata at lower floor's big PC plate of use face expansion.Also can progressively increase peristome.The building structure of so constructing, excellent shake proof property.This is because in high-rise or high-rise building, the heavy firm shape in light bottom, top, and seismic resistance is just high more.In addition, in such building structure, just can waste not and reasonably use concrete through the amount of concrete that reduces the upper strata.
In addition, under with the situation of PC plate, can set for the effect that improves transportation and the suitable size of the size of haulage vehicle as element of construction.In addition, can change molding box effectively through the PC system.
In addition, owing to using strong concrete that the building structure body life time is prolonged, help saving resource, (framework is filled: the skeleton that skeleton infill) separates worker's method to be suitable for becoming SI.
(C) the 11, the invention effect of the 16 or the 20 aspect mainly is described below.Under with the situation of PC plate as element of construction, the mechanism that adjacent two element of construction are engaged with each other preferably include the element of construction that intersects with relative mating face and connect both sides each other fastening tensioning member and applying posttension on the fastening tensioning member and its two ends be separately fixed at the fixer on each element of construction side.Can access firm bond strength through applying posttension and fixing.
In addition, 3 of being used in that 3 or 4 different directions extend of a PC plate or 4 fastening tensioning members are just engaged with another adjacent board-like unit respectively can guarantee firm bond strength.
In addition, through importing prestressing force,, on concrete whole cross section, can both have an effect effectively to compression or stretching even long-term stress is not bent or crackle (even taking place yet by the prestressing force sealing) yet by posttension.In addition, owing to do not crack, on to the fastening tensioning member anticorrosion this point of inserting, also be excellent.
Use is compared more firm according to the main frame that the present invention imports the honeycomb shape of constructing prestressed PC plated construction unit with the framework of existing prestressed concrete frame structure.For example the natural period with respect to existing 15 layers of framework architecture is about 1.5 seconds, and body is quite soft, and the natural period of 15 layer architectures of constructing according to the present invention is about 0.3 second, and it is stone that body becomes.Thus, the present invention is suitable for constructing the upper torso of seismic structure.The upper torso of seismic structure is soft if this is, that just might reduce isolator (isolator) exempts to shake effect.
(D) the invention effect of the 26 aspect mainly is described below.Under with the situation of PC plate, preferably on the direction vertical, be provided with the dull and stereotyped connecting hole of a plurality of communicating structures unit with respect to a pair of plate face as element of construction.Through dull and stereotyped connecting hole being set in advance can connecting on the dull and stereotyped appropriate location, can and concrete flat slab between pass through and be seated solid tensioning member, and and apply posttension and fix.Can access thus and dull and stereotyped firm bond strength.
(E) the invention effect of the 27 aspect mainly is described below.Under with the situation of PC plate as element of construction, preferred any its mating face of formation on two inclined planes of two inclined planes through chevron and paddy shape.The mating face forms the element of construction of chevron and element of construction that the mating face forms paddy shape can be chimeric mutually.Just can stop reliably thus at load to rotatablely move, can guarantee positive engagement around axle perpendicular to the mating face.
(F) the invention effect of the 20 eight aspect mainly is described below.Under with the situation of PC plate as element of construction, be the employed element of construction of part of curved surface in the virtual cellular shape, have the part that bend promptly bends.When along the upright set direction configuration structure unit of virtual cellular shape, each face of the both sides of bend is angulation each other.The bending angle of bend is smaller, just can form substantial curved surface on the whole through repeatedly repeating this small bending.Just can construct and on the horizontal section, have curve shape the tubular type framework of (circular, oval or their part etc.) thus.
(G) the invention effect of the 12 aspect mainly is described below.In the present invention, except the PC plate, in the limit of the element of construction that can make same shape, can construct the building structure of gagger system, steel concrete system, gagger steel concrete system or the wooden main frame made from honeycomb shape.
(H) the invention effect of the 24 or 25 aspects mainly is described below.Under with the situation of PC plate, have to compare to have the suitable size and the situation of weight with general PC plate as the element of construction on adjacent two summits that are configured in hexagonal lattice.In this case, preferred use is divided into the PC plate two half-cell.Just can construct thus all do not have at aspects such as manufacturing, transportation, assemblings obstacle according to main frame of the present invention.
(I) the invention effect of the 29 aspect mainly is described below.The worker's method of constructing with building structure of the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction that constitute by above-mentioned PC plate; Two adjacent element of construction; So that the mode that fastening tensioning member patchhole separately coincide each other make to from the mating face dispose relatively, fastening tensioning member is passed through insert the fastening tensioning member patchhole that is communicated with two element of construction, through fastening tensioning member being applied posttension and fixedly connecting two element of construction.In this worker's method, the connection of a plurality of PC plates is two two to be carried out, so application property is good.In this operation, pass through a fastening tensioning member and apply posttension owing to insert, two ends are fixed, so workload is little and simple to operate.In contrast, for example under the situation of existing frame construction, owing to must all connect the beam and column of large span, the operation that accomplish per two parts all is very difficult.
In addition, according to worker's method of the present invention, owing to be worker's method of dry method, thus do not need to water at the scene the such conditioned time of wet type worker's method such as steel concrete, but the reduction of erection time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the part Facad structure figure of an embodiment of main frame of the building structure constructed by element of construction of the present invention of expression.(A1) part of the main frame of unit 1 is used in expression, (A2) mode of texturing of expression unit 1, and (B1) part of the main frame of unit 4 is used in expression, (B2) mode of texturing of expression unit 4.
Fig. 2 is that expression is used a plurality of element of construction of the present invention and the part Facad structure figure of another embodiment of the main frame of the building structure constructed.(A) be to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 12, (B) be to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 15.
Fig. 3 is the part Facad structure figure of another embodiment of the main frame of the building structure constructed by element of construction of the present invention of expression; (A1) part of the main frame of unit 7 is used in expression; (A2) mode of texturing of expression unit 7; (B1) part of the main frame of unit 10 is used in expression, (B2) mode of texturing of expression unit 10.
Fig. 4 is that expression is used a plurality of element of construction of the present invention and the part Facad structure figure of another embodiment of the main frame of the building structure constructed.(A) be to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 38, (B) be to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 3 11.
Fig. 5 is the Facad structure figure of expression based on an example of the configuration pattern of the element of construction of the honeycomb shape that is formed by hexagonal lattice H1.
Fig. 6 is the Facad structure figure of expression based on an example of the configuration pattern of the element of construction of the honeycomb shape that is formed by hexagonal lattice H2.
Fig. 7 (A) is the overall appearance stereogram of the tubular type framework 100 that is made up of the main frame that uses three fork-shaped element of construction.(B) be the front view of a part that amplifies the tubular type framework 100 of presentation graphs 7 (A).(C) be vertical view.
Fig. 8 is the partial enlarged drawing of the main frame 100 of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the amplification stereogram of the engagement state of two element of construction in the presentation graphs 8 in more detail.
Figure 10 is the figure of an example of expression element of construction.(A) being vertical view, (B) is the X-X sectional view.
Figure 11 is a part of stereogram of main frame that expression is constructed by the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the stereogram of the engaging mechanism of expression unit shown in Figure 10 and flat board.
Figure 13 (A) is the figure of an example of the local main frame of representing to use another mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 10 and constructing.(B) be the vertical view that is used for constructing the unit of (A) main frame, (C) be the front view of this unit.
Figure 14 representes the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 10, (A) is stereoscopic figure, (B) is the front view of an expression main frame part.
Figure 15 is the front view of the part of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that element of construction of the present invention constructs.
Figure 16 is the local amplification stereogram of Figure 15 main frame.
Figure 17 is the stereoscopic figure of unit shown in Figure 16.
Figure 18 is unit shown in Figure 17 (A) front view, (B) vertical view, (C) Y-Y sectional view and (D) Z-Z sectional view.
Figure 19 is the stereoscopic figure of the unit suitable with the special circumstances of unit shown in Figure 17.
Figure 20 (A) is the mode of texturing stereoscopic figure of unit shown in Figure 17, (B) is the rear elevation of the engagement state of the unit shown in (A), (C) is the vertical view of engagement state.
Figure 21 (A) is the front view of the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 17, (B) is vertical view.
Figure 22 is the front view of the part of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that element of construction of the present invention constructs.
Figure 23 is the local amplification stereogram of the main frame 103 of Figure 22.
Figure 24 is unit shown in Figure 23 (A) front view, (B) vertical view, (C) stereoscopic figure.
Figure 25 representes the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 24, (A) is the front view of engagement state, (B) is its vertical view.
Figure 26 is that expression is used element of construction of the present invention and the front view of the part of the main frame of the building structure constructed.
Figure 27 is the partial perspective view of the main frame that is made up of the unit identical with the main frame of Figure 26.
Figure 28 (A)～(D) is respectively the stereoscopic figure of each unit shown in Figure 27.
Figure 29 is the stereoscopic figure of the main frame of conduct another embodiment identical with main frame shape shown in Figure 27.
Figure 30 (A)～(D) is respectively the stereoscopic figure of half-cell shown in Figure 29.
Figure 31 (A1) and (A2) be the front view and the vertical view of engagement state of the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 27 is (B1) with the front view and the vertical view of engagement state that (B2) is the mode of texturing of another unit shown in Figure 27.
Figure 32 (A1) and (A2) be the front view and the vertical view of engagement state of the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 27 is (B1) with the front view and the vertical view of engagement state that (B2) is the mode of texturing of another unit shown in Figure 27.
Figure 33 is the partial perspective view of expression by the main frame of the building structure of the embodiment of the invention of the manufacturing of the parts beyond the PC plate.
Symbol description
1～15 element of construction (PC plate)
The fastening tensioning member of 21a～21d
22a～22d fixer
The hexagonal lattice of H1, H2 virtual cellular shape
The summit of h1～h6 hexagonal lattice
S1～s6 joint unit face each other
W main frame peristome
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 6 basic embodiment of the present invention is described below.In addition, in Fig. 1～Fig. 6, the embodiment by the element of construction of PC plate that uses that the present invention is fit to describes, but element of construction of the present invention is not limited to the PC plate.Sometimes " element of construction " abbreviated as " unit " below.
Fig. 1 is the part Facad structure figure of an embodiment of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that a plurality of element of construction of the present invention construct.It for example is the part of a part that is equivalent to constitute the tubular type framework of building outer peripheral portion.Double-head arrow XY representes horizontal direction, and double-head arrow Z representes vertical (being same among the figure below).Fig. 1 (A1) is to use the part of the main frame of unit 1.Fig. 1 (A2) expression is as the unit 2 and unit 3 of unit 1 mode of texturing.Fig. 1 (B1) is to use the part of the main frame of unit 4.Fig. 1 (B2) expression is as the unit 5 and unit 6 of the mode of texturing of unit 4.
In addition, Fig. 1 representes the shape that main frame and element of construction front are looked, and as the element of construction 1～6 of PC plate, has the thickness (in the direction vertical with paper) (all being same among the similar figure below) of regulation.
In Fig. 1, be illustrated in a upright part of establishing and be the virtual cellular shape of planar extension on the vertical with chain-dotted line.As the hexagonal lattice H1 of its unit lattice, its top (between summit h1 and h2) and following (between summit h4 and h5) is configured to towards horizontal direction.
In the present invention, so-called " virtual cellular shape " refers to the virtual object with honeycomb pattern that hexagonal lattice H1 (or the hexagonal lattice H2 among Fig. 2) is repeated in direction up and down very close to each otherly.At this, so-called " virtual " means that this honeycomb shape is not to be made up of the parts with entity.But the virtual cellular shape is to be used for regulation as the position of the element of construction with physical components and the key concept of adjacent structure unit position relation each other.Thereby in this manual, imagination " virtual cellular shape " exists in real space and the present invention will be described.
The virtual cellular shape is established and is planar expansion in that vertical is upright basically.In addition, for designing requirement etc., the situation that the face of virtual cellular shape is established for thirty years of age from vertical inclination predetermined angular is also contained in the scope of the present invention.So-called " planar " comprises plane and curved surface shape (below identical).
As the hexagonal lattice H1 of unit lattice, be not must be regular hexagon, but be symmetrical (the hexagonal lattice H2 of Fig. 2 also is same) at least.Each of 6 limits in the unit lattice, common by adjacent two unit lattice, each of 6 summit h1～h6, common by 3 adjacent unit lattice.
With reference to Fig. 1 (A1), 6 unit 1 are configured in the position of each summit h1 of comprising hexagonal lattice H1 respectively, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6.On adjacent summit (for example h1 and h2, h2 and h3) respectively configuration two unit each other, the mating face on the part that is arranged on outer peripheral face is separately engaged one another relatively.6 face s1 of these joints, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6 intersect with each limit of hexagonal lattice H1 respectively.For example, face s1 intersects with limit between summit h1 and the h2.In other words, unit joint each other is not on the summit of hexagonal lattice H1 but on the limit, carries out.As a result, the whole unit 1 that on hexagonal lattice H1, dispose connect into ring-type, are formed with a peristome W who is surrounded by these unit at the middle body of hexagonal lattice H1.Peristome W also can be surrounded by the disengaged face of each unit.
So, dispose a plurality of element of construction, make mutual mating face engage two adjacent element of construction relatively with the whole summits of occupying a plurality of hexagonal lattice that form honeycomb shape and the mode on limit.As the mechanism that engages, for example in the element of construction of PC plate, the mode of intersecting with the relative mating face with two unit is passed through and is seated solid tensioning member and adds that the mechanism that posttension is fixed is best, but is not limited thereto.In addition, unit joint each other is advisable with positive engagement, but also can be the joint between positive engagement and flexible engagement as required, perhaps is exactly flexible engagement.In honeycomb structure, the effect that a part of flexural stress is transformed to a power and transmits is arranged, but the unit is being carried out under the situation of positive engagement each other, it is effective being used for absorbing the flexural stress that is not transformed to a power.
The plate face with three fork-shapeds is seen in unit 1 shown in Fig. 1 (A1) from the front, therefrom the side of the front end of three foots of three directions extensions of mind-set just becomes the mating face with adjacent cells.Right and wrong mating face, paddy shape side between mating face and the mating face.
Fig. 1 (A2) representes its mode of texturing.It is hexagon that unit 2 is seen from the front, and its 6 limits are that long limit and minor face dispose across.Side a, b, the c that comprises minor face is the mating face with adjacent cells, comprises side d, e, the f right and wrong mating face on long limit.Unit 3 is shapes that the long limit central authorities of unit 2 are deformed into chevron.In Fig. 1 (A1), dot unit 2 and unit 3, the shape of unit 1～3, the position on mating face and shape (with respect to the relative position and the shape of hexagonal lattice, below being same) they are common, are the relation of disengaged facial disfigurement.Common unit, mating face each other, even disengaged shape difference also can engage (also being same among other embodiment below).Disengaged shape, for example can from the paddy shape of unit 1 to continuous modification the chevron of unit 3.For example, disengaged can be any in the curved surface that is made up of multiple shape, paddy shape face, the chevron face.For the shape of several kinds of unit with specifying among each embodiment below.
As from knowing Fig. 1 (A1), the peristome W that is formed by unit 1 is maximum, and the peristome W that is formed by unit 3 is minimum.The plate face of such unit is the shape of planar expansion, and formed peristome W is just more little.In addition, if disengaged shape is different, the shape of the peristome W that is then surrounded by them is also different.
In Fig. 1 (B1), 6 unit 4 are configured in the position of each summit h1 of comprising hexagonal lattice H1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6.Unit 5 and unit 6 that kind shown in dotted line, the position, mating face and the shape of unit 4～6 are common, the shape that is disengaged is different.Unit 4～6 is configured on the hexagonal lattice H1 identical with Fig. 1 (A1), but the area on mating face is bigger than unit 1～3.Thereby the area that engages adjacent cells face s1～s6 each other is also broad than the situation of Fig. 1 (A1), in addition, and the size decreases of formed peristome W.The disengaged face of unit 4 is concave curved surfaces.Unit 5 has hexagonal plate face, is the mode similar with unit 2.The disengaged face of unit 6 is convex surfaces.
At this, main frame is the major part of structure body (being also referred to as skeleton), is the major part on the structure endurance.As shown in Figure 1, on the hexagonal lattice summit that a plurality of element of construction is configured in the virtual cellular shape and limit and in the main frame that is connected, be positioned at the parts of the element of construction on each limit of hexagonal lattice, be equivalent to batter post or beam as structural element.For example, the tubular type framework that the honeycomb shape that constitutes according to the hexagonal lattice H1 by Fig. 1 is constructed comes down to that beam by continuous snakelikely post and cross-over configuration horizontal beam and inclined beams constitutes.In this, be the diverse structure of tubular type framework with the general frame construction that constitutes by continuous horizontal beam and vertical column.
Fig. 2 is the part Facad structure figure of another embodiment of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that a plurality of element of construction of the present invention construct.Fig. 2 (A) is to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 12.As dot unit 1 and the unit 3, also be same the use for such unit.Fig. 2 (B) is to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 15.As dot unit 4 and the unit 6, also be same the use for such unit.
The hexagonal lattice H2 as the unit lattice of virtual cellular shape that in Fig. 2, representes with chain-dotted line is configured to the left side (between summit h5 and h6) and the right (between summit h2 and h3) towards vertical.Hexagonal lattice H2 and above-mentioned hexagonal lattice H1 rotate 60 ° each other under the situation of regular hexagon.According to the tubular type framework that the honeycomb shape that is made up of this hexagonal lattice H2 is constructed, coming down to has the continuous beam of post and snakelike ground of vertical column and batter post to constitute by cross-over configuration.
In unit illustrated in figures 1 and 2 1～6, a unit is arranged in each apex configuration of hexagonal lattice H1 or H2.Thereby a unit is that 3 adjacent hexagonal lattice H1 or H2 are common.
Fig. 3 is the part Facad structure figure of another embodiment of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that a plurality of element of construction of the present invention construct.It for example is the part of a part that is equivalent to constitute the tubular type framework of building outer peripheral portion.Fig. 3 (A1) is to use the part of the main frame of unit 7.Fig. 3 (A2) expression is as the unit 8 and unit 9 of the mode of texturing of unit 7.Fig. 3 (B1) is to use the part of the main frame of unit 10.Fig. 3 (B2) expression is as the unit 11 and unit 12 of the mode of texturing of unit 10.
In Fig. 3, be illustrated in a upright part of establishing and be the virtual cellular shape of planar extension on the vertical with chain-dotted line.As the hexagonal lattice H1 of its unit lattice, be configured to top (between summit h1 and h2) and following (between summit h4 and h5) towards horizontal direction.
With reference to Fig. 3 (A1), 3 unit 7 are configured in right the first couple (h1 and h2), second of comprising as two adjacent summits of hexagonal lattice H1 to (h3 and h4) and the 3rd right position separately to (h5 and h6).Be configured in adjacent summit respectively each other, the mating face of a part that is arranged at outer peripheral face is separately engaged one another relatively two unit of (for example first to (h1 and h2) and second to (h2 and h3)).Each of 3 face s2, s4 and s6 of these joints intersected with any limit of hexagonal lattice H1.For example face s2 intersects with limit between summit h2 and h3.In other words, unit joint each other is not on the summit of hexagonal lattice H1 but on the limit, carries out.As a result, the whole unit 7 that on hexagonal lattice H1, dispose connect into ring-type, form a peristome W who is surrounded by these unit at the middle body of hexagonal lattice H1.Peristome W also can be surrounded by the disengaged bread of each unit.
So-called " adjacent summit " refers to the summit at the two ends on a limit that is positioned at the hexagonal lattice that forms honeycomb shape.Each of a plurality of unit that on a hexagonal lattice, dispose in the form of a ring; Be not on two summits that must be configured in this hexagonal lattice, with a summit of summit of this hexagonal lattice and adjacent hexagonal lattice as to also be fine (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 of narrating with reference to the back).
Unit 7 shown in Fig. 3 (A1), see from the front be the two ends of a bar-like portion respectively to the shape with 4 foots of both direction branch, become the mating face with adjacent cells to the side of the front end of 4 foots that four direction extends.Concave side right and wrong mating face between mating face and the mating face.The shape of unit 7 can be used two unit shown in Figure 11, engages the mating face of a foot separately and becomes the shape of one.That is, when two each unit shown in Figure 1 of configuration and when disposing each unit shown in Figure 3, its result is identical shape sometimes.
Fig. 3 (A2) representes mode of texturing.Unit 8 sees it is an octagon from the front, its long limit of 8 limit cross-over configuration and minor face.Side a, b, c, the d that comprises minor face becomes the mating face with adjacent cells, and the side e, f, g, the h that comprise long limit are disengaged.Unit 9 is the shapes that the central authorities on the long limit of unit 8 are deformed into chevron.As dotting unit 8 and unit 9 among Fig. 3 (A1), the shape of unit 7～9, the position on mating face and shape are common, and becoming is the relation of disengaged facial disfigurement.Disengaged shape, for example can from the paddy shape of unit 7 to continuous modification the chevron of unit 9.About the shape of several kinds of unit, will after specify among the embodiment that states.
As can knowing from Fig. 3 (A1), the peristome W that is formed by unit 7 is maximum, and the peristome W minimum that forms by unit 9.So, the plate face of unit is the shape of face expansion, and the peristome W of formation is just more little.In addition, if disengaged shape is different, the shape of the peristome W that is then surrounded by them is also different.
In Fig. 3 (B1), 3 unit 10 are configured in adjacent two the first couples that the summit is right (h1 and h2), second of comprising as hexagonal lattice H1 on (h3 and h4) and the 3rd each right position to (h5 and h6).As dot unit 11 and 12, unit 10～12, the position and the shape on mating face are common, and only disengaged shape is different.Unit 10～12 is configured on the hexagonal lattice H1 identical with Fig. 3 (A1), but compare the area on mating face with unit 7～9 big.Thereby the area that engages each other face s2 of adjacent cells, s4, s6 is bigger than the situation of Fig. 3 (A1), in addition, and the size decreases of formed peristome W.The disengaged face of unit 10 is concave curved surfaces.Unit 11 has octagonal plate face, be similar with unit 8 and the size on minor face and long limit than different modes of texturing.The disengaged face of unit 12 is convex surfaces.
Fig. 4 is the part Facad structure figure of another embodiment of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that a plurality of element of construction of the present invention construct.Fig. 4 (A) is to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 38.As the unit 7 and unit 9 that dot, also be same the use for these unit.Fig. 4 (B) is to use the part of the main frame of unit shown in Figure 3 11.As the unit 10 and unit 12 that dot, also be same the use for these unit.
The hexagonal lattice H2 as the unit lattice of virtual cellular shape that in Fig. 4, representes with chain-dotted line is configured to the left side (between summit h5 and h6) and the right (between summit h2 and h3) towards vertical direction.Thereby according to the tubular type framework that the honeycomb shape that is made up of this hexagonal lattice H2 is constructed, coming down to has the continuous beam of post and snakelike ground of vertical column and batter post to constitute by cross-over configuration.
The configuration of Fig. 3 and each unit shown in Figure 4 is an example, and the pattern that disposes with adjacent two the right modes in summit that comprise hexagonal lattice H1 or H2 is not limited thereto.Though diagram not for example also can be in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 be got first pair and is made h2 and h3, second pair is got make h4 and h5, the 3rd pair is got make h6 and h1, disposes 3 unit respectively.
In addition; In the configuration example of Fig. 3 and each unit shown in Figure 4; 3 unit all are configured in respectively on three pairs of summits that hexagonal lattice comprised; But any one unit also can be configured in a summit of the hexagonal lattice beyond the summit of this hexagonal lattice to last (still, their summit is positioned at the two ends on a limit each other).About other version of configuration pattern will be narrated in Fig. 5 at the back and Fig. 6.
In Fig. 3 and unit 7～12 shown in Figure 4, unit disposes with the mode on two summits comprising hexagonal lattice H1 or H2.Thereby a unit is common by 4 hexagonal lattice H1 or H2.
Fig. 5 is the Facad structure figure of expression based on an example of the configuration pattern of the element of construction of the honeycomb shape that is formed by hexagonal lattice H1.As an example, the configuration pattern A according to the top is configured respectively with following configuration pattern B with unit shown in Figure 38.Use any one in the unit 7～9 shown in Figure 3, these unit are mixed also can carry out same configuration.
Configuration pattern A constitutes through 3 unit shown in Figure 3 are repeated to be configured.In configuration pattern A, be formed with 3 kinds of peristome Wa, Wb and Wc.Peristome Wa and Wb are mutual reverse triangles, and peristome Wc is a hexagon.Peristome Wa is surrounded by 3 unit, and these 3 unit occupy two summits (it also is same splitting oral area Wb) that this hexagonal lattice comprises.On the other hand, peristome Wc is surrounded by 6 unit, and each does not occupy two summits of this hexagonal lattice these 6 unit, but occupies a summit of this hexagonal lattice and a summit of adjacent hexagonal lattice.
Configuration pattern B disposes with the mode on two summits that a unit occupies the two ends of bottom and upper segment (horizontal direction) in all hexagonal lattice H1.Thereby, in a hexagonal lattice, dispose 4 unit.Among 4 unit, two 4 summits that occupy bottom and upper segment, two other occupies a summit of this hexagonal lattice and a summit of adjacent hexagonal lattice.In configuration pattern B, be formed with tetragonal peristome Wd.
And configuration pattern A can be connected with configuration pattern B continuously.Be formed with pentagonal peristome We at its boundary member.
Fig. 6 is the Facad structure figure of expression based on an example of the configuration pattern of the element of construction of the honeycomb shape that is formed by hexagonal lattice H2.As an example, unit shown in Figure 38 is configured according to the configuration pattern A on the left side and the configuration pattern B on the right.Use any in the unit 7～9 shown in Figure 3, these unit are mixed also can carry out same configuration.
Configuration pattern A repeats 3 unit shown in Figure 4 to be configured and constitutes.In configuration pattern A, be formed with three kinds of peristome Wa, Wb and Wc.Peristome Wa and Wb are triangles in the opposite direction, and peristome Wc is a hexagon.Peristome Wa is surrounded by 3 unit, and these 3 unit have occupied two summits that this hexagonal lattice comprised (peristome Wb also is same).On the other hand, peristome Wc is surrounded by 6 unit, and each of these 6 unit is not occupied two summits of this hexagonal lattice, but occupies a summit of this hexagonal lattice and a summit of adjacent hexagonal lattice.
Configuration pattern B disposes with the mode on two summits that a unit occupies the two ends of the left side and the right (vertical) in all hexagonal lattice H2.Thereby on a hexagonal lattice, dispose 4 unit.In the middle of 4 unit, two 4 summits that occupy the left side and the right, two other occupies a summit of hexagonal lattice and a summit of adjacent hexagonal lattice.In configuration pattern B, be formed with tetragonal peristome Wd.
And configuration pattern A can be connected with configuration pattern B continuously.Be formed with pentagonal peristome We at its boundary member.
In addition, in Fig. 6, mixed pattern is arranged be illustrated in the part of top as an example in the middle of.In the left side of mixed pattern, on the unit, the top of the unit 8 that disposes pattern A, be connected with unit 7.Because there is same joint face unit 8 with unit 7, so can connect.On the right side of mixed pattern, on the unit, 8 the top, unit of configuration pattern B, be connected with unit shown in Figure 11, and on unit 1, be connected with unit 7.So, because the joint face of unit shown in Figure 1 1～3 and unit 7～9 shown in Figure 3 is common, so can mix connection.
Though not shown in the figures, unit 4～6 and unit 10～12 shown in Figure 3 same shown in Figure 1 are because joint face is common, so can mix connection.
Except the shape of the element of construction of above-mentioned Fig. 1～shown in Figure 4 has the diversity, as Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, the configuration pattern also has diversity, so the building structure of being constructed by the present invention can access very many modes of texturing on main frame.
Below the specific embodiment of expression is an example of these modes of texturing, and the present invention is not limited to these modes.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 7～Figure 14, the embodiment that has by the building structure of the main frame of virtual cellular shape configuration and syndeton unit is described.
Fig. 7 (A)～(C) is the figure of an example of the expression main frame that uses the building structure that three fork-shaped element of construction shown in Figure 1 construct.(A) be overall appearance stereogram as the tubular type framework 100 of main frame.(B) be the front view of a part that amplifies the tubular type framework 100 of presentation graphs 7 (A).(C) be vertical view.
Tubular type framework 100 shown in Fig. 7 (A), based on hexagonal lattice H1 shown in Figure 1 as the virtual cellular shape of unit lattice and be built into, this virtual cellular shape is seen as cylindrical shell on the whole, promptly has the shape of pipe.The axle of pipe extends along vertical.As the element of construction that disposes in shape at virtual cellular, using under the situation of three fork-shaped unit 1, the face shaping of the main frame of completion almost is consistent with virtual cellular shape as the basis.This is to form a batter post or beam owing to being engaged with each other through the foot with adjacent two unit 1, and this batter post or beam have occupied one side of the hexagonal lattice of virtual cellular shape.
In addition, getting hexagonal lattice H1 is that regular hexagon is an example, so long as bilateral symmetry also not necessarily to leave no choice but be regular hexagon.
Shown in Fig. 7 (B), form hexagonal structure (being referred to as " hexgonal structure portion ") by 6 unit 1 that are configured on the hexagonal lattice H1.But, in a hexgonal structure portion, only comprise two foots in 3 foots of each unit 1.Hexgonal structure portion is made up of 6 linear structure parts such as top parts r1, top right-hand side parts r2, limit, bottom right parts r3, following parts r4, left lower side parts r5 and upper left limit parts r6.The tubular type framework of so constructing is not continuous at beam in the horizontal direction, and post also is to be made up of on this point continuous snakelikely batter post entirely, is the diverse structure of structure with the tubular type framework of existing general frame construction.
Shown in Fig. 7 (B); The hexgonal structure portion that is formed by 6 unit 1 is symmetrical; For example for the right, be that two top right-hand side parts r2 as batter post tilting in the opposite direction each other with respect to vertical direction respectively couple together with limit, bottom right parts r3 and dispose.Top right-hand side parts r2 is with respect to the vertical tilt angle alpha, and limit, bottom right parts r3 is with respect to vertical angle of inclination-α.For upper left limit parts r6 that constitutes the left side and left lower side parts r5 also is the batter post of same inclination.Upper member r1 and lower member r4 are the beams of level.Post each other, post is positive engagement with engaging of beam.
Such building structure owing to be tubular structure, therefore can both be brought into play big holding power to the level load from any direction.In addition, whole posts and being combined in of beam all are stable on the balance in the tubular type framework that is made up of hexgonal structure portion.As a result, because the flexural stress that load forces produces on the tubercle point of post and beam is compared with the tubular type framework that is made up of general frame construction, stress reduces.This is owing to the axle power that a part of flexural stress is transformed to parts (batter post or beam) is transmitted.Adding the PC parts is very strong to compressive force, is favourable for supporting axis power.
And, as shown in Fig. 7 (B), in this tubular type framework 100, on the tubercle point of post and beam, there is not mating face each other, unit 1, mating face each other, unit 1 is at the intermediate point of post and beam.On structure endurance, be favourable according to tubular type framework of the present invention in this.
Shown in the vertical view of Fig. 7 (C), in embodiment illustrated, the cross sectional shape of tubular type framework 100 is quadrangles roughly.The face of the hexgonal structure portion that on four angles of cross sectional shape, forms respectively becomes the shape of cutting away tetragonal four angles towards the direction on quadrangle summit.In addition, the side of the tubular type framework 100 of Fig. 7 is made up of general plane, but cross sectional shape be circular (the tubular type framework is made up of curved surface) or arbitrarily any in the middle of the polygon also be fine, in addition, be that the shape that comprises recess also is fine.Have in the virtual cellular shape under the situation of curved surface or bending part,, but will narrate in the back about this point as long as on these parts, use the element of construction of special shape.
Fig. 8 is the partial enlarged drawing (in Fig. 8, hexagonal lattice H1 being expressed as regular hexagon) of the main frame 100 of Fig. 7.As shown in the figure, on a hexagonal lattice H1, used 6 unit 1 (1)～1 (6) (numeral of in symbol, adding bracket is the sequence number that is configured in each unit on the hexagonal lattice, down together).A unit 1 is to have the therefrom PC parts of 3 foots of three directions extensions of mind-set.The shape of the plate face of seeing from the front is three fork-shapeds.Branch part in each unit 1 in each summit of hexagonal lattice H1 h1～h6 last.Adjacent cells 1 junction surface s1～s6 each other is positioned at the mid point on each limit of hexagonal lattice H1, and not on the summit of hexagonal lattice H1.Each foot of unit 1 accounts for 1/2 of each edge lengths of hexagonal lattice H1.Two in the middle of 3 foots belong to a hexagonal lattice, and remaining one belongs to other hexagonal lattice.In addition, any one unit 1 all uses in 3 foots two as batter post, uses one as beam.
At the middle body of hexagonal lattice H1, be formed with the peristome W that surrounds by 6 unit 1 (1)～1 (6) that are configured on the hexagonal lattice H1.In this example, the shape of peristome W is the hexagon with hexagonal lattice H1 equidirectional.
As shown in Figure 8, the mid point on each limit of hexagonal lattice H1, the mating face of adjacent two unit 1 against each other, and the unit is engaged with each other.Adjacent cells joint each other is to carry out through fastening tensioning member 21a, 21b, the 21c that is illustrated by the broken lines.For example in unit 1 (1) and 1 (2), fastening tensioning member 21a connects mating face respect to one another.After fastening tensioning member 21a applies posttension to this, two ends are fixed by a pair of fixer 22a, 22a.Likewise, in unit 1 (2) and 1 (3), fastening tensioning member 21b connects and fixes through fixer 22b, 22b.Likewise, in unit 1 (3) and 1 (4), fastening tensioning member 21c connects and fixes through fixer 22c, 22c.So through with adjacent cells that whole unit comprised to being engaged with each other, just stoped the rotation on each mating face, make it to become positive engagement.In addition, through fastening tensioning member is applied posttension, the intensity of positive engagement is strengthened.
Fig. 9 is an amplification stereogram of representing the engagement state of two element of construction in further detail.In Fig. 9,, form the batter post of limit, hexgonal structure portion bottom right parts through the foot of unit 1 (3) downside and the foot of unit 1 (4) upside are engaged.Its mating face is positioned at the mid point of batter post.In addition,, carry out contraposition, make that being arranged on the inner fastening tensioning member patchhole (in Figure 10, being described in detail) in each unit is communicated with when the mating face of foot's front end of two unit against each other the time.After this, insert in the hole at the fastening tensioning member that is communicated with and insert fastening tensioning member 21c.This fastening tensioning member is the PC steel normally.Fastening tensioning member 21c passes through the paddy portion between other two foots that are inserted to unit 1 (4) from the paddy portion between other two foots of unit 1 (3).Then, under the state that fastening tensioning member 21c is applied posttension, two ends are fixed through fixer 22c, 22c.
Adjacent two unit joints each other all carry out as above-mentioned.Thereby the core of 1 inside in the unit, 3 fastening tensioning members that extend to different directions intersect in appearance.The core of unit 1, owing to be positioned at each summit of hexagonal lattice, thus structurally be the part that stress is concentrated the most, but do not have the junction surface in this part, and triple fastening tensioning members are arranged in internal configurations, so realized very firm structure.In addition, two unit joints each other are to carry out at each less limit central portion of stress ratio, structurally are favourable.
Import prestressing force through posttension, even also can not bend or crackle with respect to long-term stress, can both work to compression or stretching effectively in concrete whole cross section.The result makes the framework of large span become possibility.In addition, owing to do not crack, also excellent (also being same among each embodiment below) on the anticorrosion this point of the fastening tensioning member that is inserted into.
In addition, when engaging on the mating face with two unit, the gap of a little is set between two relative mating faces, it is suitable in this gap, filling the big mortar of strength ratio PC, resin mortar, cement paste etc.Utilize these fillers can absorb construction error simply, greatly improve application property (in each following embodiment, also being same).
Figure 10 is the figure that representes unit 1 structure in detail.Figure 10 (A) is the lateral view of observing from the mating face 1a side of foot's front end, and Figure 10 (B) is the X-X sectional view of (A).
The PC plate that unit 1 is to use the molding box of regulation to make.Can know that by Figure 10 (B) unit 1 comprises that seeing from the front is the plate face of three fork-shapeds, the thickness of regulation is arranged between the plate face 1j at the plate face 1i in the front shown in Figure 10 (A) and the back side.Unit 1 has 3 foots of extending to three direction branches from center C, is the mating face at side 1a, 1b, the 1c of the front end of each foot.The direction that each mating face 1a, 1b, 1c extend perpendicular to each foot.The width of seeing from the front of each foot is certain, and the cross section of each foot is a rectangle.The thickness of each foot and width setup are to be suitable for wanting the building structure constructed.
Right and wrong mating face, side beyond each foot's front end.Between mating face 1a and 1b, disengaged 1d2 and 1d3 form paddy shape.Between mating face 1b and 1c, disengaged 1e2 and 1e3 form paddy shape.Between mating face 1c and 1a, disengaged 1f2 and 1f3 form paddy shape.
Shown in Figure 10 (B), 1 inside is equipped with 3 fastening tensioning member patchhole 1a3,1b3,1c3 in the unit.In addition, these fastening tensioning member patchholes are provided with when PC makes, and are embedded with crust (sheath) (not shown) that is used for through fastening tensioning member.But these 3 fastening tensioning member patchhole 1a3,1b3,1c3 see from the front and intersect, but shown in Figure 10 (A), are arranged on the different position on the thickness direction with the mode of non-overlapping copies in fact.Fastening tensioning member patchhole 1a3, the direction of principal axis from mating face 1a along first foot connects to the valley portions 1e1 between second foot and the 3rd foot.Likewise; Fastening tensioning member patchhole 1b3, the direction of principal axis from mating face 1b along second substrate connect to the valley portions 1f1 between the 3rd foot and first foot, likewise; Fastening tensioning member patchhole 1c3 connects to the valley portions 1d1 between first substrate and second substrate from mating face 1c.
1, three foot in unit shown in Figure 10 is same length, and is provided with by equal angular interval (being per 120 ° one).It is the situation of regular hexagon that such unit 1 is used at hexagonal lattice H1 shown in Figure 8.In this case, any one foot can use as batter post or beam.That is, can be any towards using unit 1, so application property is good.
But according to the explanation among Fig. 7, hexagonal lattice H1 is symmetrical shape, but is not necessarily regular hexagon, and the length on length and the limit that becomes beam on limit that becomes batter post is different also all to be fine.In this case, unit 1, the length of the length of a foot that uses as beam and two foots using as batter post is different.In addition, two foots that become batter post in this case get identical length each other.In addition, become foot of beam and each of other two foots that become batter post, the angle that forms respectively must equate, but this angle can be different with the angle that two foots that become batter post form each other.
Figure 11 is a part of stereogram of main frame that expression is constructed by the mode of texturing of unit 1.This mode of texturing is constituted by two kinds of unit 1A and unit 1B, is configured on the hexagonal lattice across.With the difference of said units 1 be the shape on each foot mating face.
The mating face of three foots of unit 1A is respectively the chevron that is made up of two inclined planes (1a4 and 1a5,1b4 and 1b5,1c4 and 1c5).On the other hand, the mating face of three foots of unit 1B is respectively the paddy shape that is made up of two inclined planes (1a6 and 1a7,1b6 and 1b7,1c6 and 1c7).
The paddy shape on the chevron on 1A mating face, unit and 1B mating face, unit is can chimeric each other shape.Thereby, the necessary cross-over configuration of unit 1A and 1B, the mode chimeric each other with this mating face engages.In addition, applying the mechanism of fixing under the state of posttension by fastening tensioning member, with above-mentioned embodiment be same.When so making the mating face chimeric each other and when engaging, through the engagement of chevron and paddy shape, can stop reliably around foot spool rotation, can access more firm structure.
In addition, the shape on the mating face of two kinds of chimeric unit is not limited to chevron shown in Figure 11 and paddy shape mutually.Stoping the effect of pivoting as long as can access, also can be the combination of other shape.For example, the central portion on a mating face forms square protuberance, and the central portion on another mating face forms square-shaped recess, makes these square protuberances and square-shaped recess chimeric mutually.So the example of the chimeric shape of chevron shown in Figure 11 and paddy shape is except because the simple handling ease, so because contact surface is the inclined plane contact area increases, the result has the effect that improves bond strength.
Figure 12 is the stereogram of the engaging mechanism of expression unit 1 and flat board.To a foot in three foots of unit 1, the dull and stereotyped connecting hole 1g of the plate face of a plurality of perforation front and backs is set.And, become the mode dispensing unit 1 of beam with the foot that is provided with dull and stereotyped connecting hole 1g.On the other hand, on PC dull and stereotyped 30, be embedded with many fastening tensioning members 31 in advance.Each dull and stereotyped connecting hole 1g is arranged on and the many corresponding respectively positions of fastening tensioning member 31, and the aperture of setting wants to insert fastening tensioning member 31.
When unit 1 is engaged with PC dull and stereotyped 30, each fastening tensioning member 31 is inserted among each dull and stereotyped connecting hole 1g, under the state that fastening tensioning member 31 is applied posttension, fix through fixer.
Figure 13 (A) is the figure that an example of the main frame 101 that another mode of texturing of use unit 1 is constructed is represented in the part.Main frame 101 is not to use the plane and is to use curved surface as the virtual cellular shape on basis.The global shape of this main frame 101 becomes tubular type framework cylindraceous.Figure 13 (B) expression is used for constructing the vertical view of unit 1C of the main frame 101 of (A), and Figure 13 (C) is the front view of this unit 1C.
Like Figure 13 (B) with (C); Unit 1C; The plate face 1Ci1 of foot's (in this example, having mating face 1Ca at front end) of formation beam is β with respect to the angle of the plate face 1Ci2 of other two foots (in this example, having mating face 1Cb/1Cc at front end respectively) that form batter post.That is, the former foot with respect to two foots of the latter in bend 1Ck bending.Unit 1C through having such bend 1Ck is engaged with each other, and just can construct the main frame of curved surface.In addition, as another embodiment, the unit 1C of this curved can be used for the bending part (corner part of tubular type framework for example shown in Figure 7) of two Plane intersects in the main frame.In addition, the size of angle beta is made as through the fastening tensioning member that applies posttension two unit 1C being engaged with each other, perhaps unit 1C and the joint of other unit that can engage do not have the degree of obstacle.
And, when using the unit 1C of curved, be not only, and can form continuously to the crooked curved surface of its rightabout to the crooked curved surface of a direction.For example under the situation of top observation, becoming wavy curved surface.
Tubular type framework shown in Figure 13 (A) is such, though at the curvature portion main frame also with respect to vertical under the parallel situation, with the curved face part 1Ck mode dispensing unit 1C parallel with vertical.In another embodiment; Also have in curvature portion main frame and the uneven situation of vertical (the for example curve form as a domical part); But in this case, the bending direction towards with the face of main frame of bend 1Ck disposes accordingly.
Use the unit 1 of planar-shaped shown in Figure 10 and the unit 1C of curved shown in Figure 13 through combination, also can freely construct out main frame with planar section and curvature portion.
Figure 14 representes the unit 1D as the mode of texturing of unit shown in Figure 10 1, (A) is stereoscopic figure, (B) is to be illustrated in the front view that disposes the part of the main frame that connects 6 unit 1D and form on the hexagonal lattice.
Unit 1D, the shape of its mating face 1Da, 1Db, 1Dc and position and unit 1 are common, also can engage with said units 1 or unit 1C.Disengaged the shape of unit 1D is different with unit 1.Unit 1D is the shape that the degree of depth with disengaged paddy of unit 1 shoals.In unit 1D, the width of each foot is not certain, and 1Da, 1Db, 1Dc widen towards the center gradually from the mating face.For example side 1Df3 becomes obtuse angle (δ is 90 ° in unit 1) with respect to the angle δ of adjacent bond face 1Da (angle that side 1Df2 forms with respect to mating face 1Dc too).In addition, as the mode of texturing of unit 1, the shape that in plate face shape, is comprised in the scope of 90 °≤δ＜120 ° all is the shape that " three fork-shapeds " comprised.
In addition, when δ=120 °, not paddy shape just, but the such hexagon in unit as shown in Figure 12.
Shown in Figure 14 (A), fastening tensioning member patchhole 1Db3 is arranged at the valley portions 1Df1 opening of paddy shape side 1Df2,1Df3.
Shown in Figure 14 (B), 6 unit 1D are being connected under the situation of ring-type, the opening W of its middle body is littler than the opening portion that is surrounded by unit shown in Figure 81.
In addition, in the unit of Figure 14 1D, be out of shape, but as another embodiment, also can be only the width of one or two foot be out of shape with respect to the unit 1 of Figure 10 width with whole foots.Also can make unit 1, unit 1D and the mixing of another mode of texturing and construct main frame with the mating face that can engage one another.Thus, the requirement of the size of corresponding opening portion and design shape widely.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Figure 15 Figure 21, describe having another embodiment that disposes the building structure of the main frame that is connected with element of construction in shape at virtual cellular.
Figure 15 is the front view of a part of the main frame 102 of the building structure constructed of expression utilization structure unit.It for example is a part with the same tubular type framework of above-mentioned Fig. 7 (A).Figure 16 is the local amplification stereogram of the main frame 102 of Figure 15.
Main frame shown in Figure 15 is with respect to the virtual cellular shape of hexagonal lattice H1 shown in Figure 1 (representing with thick chain-dotted line) as unit lattice, and element of construction shown in Figure 12 configuration connections are constructed.
A unit 2, shown in figure 15, have the hexagonal plate face of seeing 6 limits from the front, have the thickness (direction vertical) of regulation with paper.Thereby, shown in figure 16, have 6 sides of between each limit separately of a pair of plate face of front and back, extending.In embodiment illustrated, constitute 6 limits of hexagonal plate face periphery, the two kind limit cross-over configuration different by length constitute.Long limit is called " long limit ", short limit is called " minor face ".Corresponding, the side that will between the minor face of two plate faces, extend is called " short side ", and the side that will between long limit, extend is called " long side surface ".3 short sides and 3 long side surfaces in each unit dispose across.And, preferably with 3 in each unit short sides as the mating face, with 3 long side surfaces as disengaged.With the situation of short side as the mating face, and long side surface is compared as the situation on mating face, can access more roomy peristome W.But, different according to purposes, also can be with long side surface as the mating face.As a kind of special case,, just become regular hexagon (element of construction 5 shown in Figure 1) if minor face is identical with the length of side on long limit.
Shown in figure 15, on the position that comprises each summit h1 as the hexagonal lattice H1 of the unit lattice of virtual cellular shape, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,6 unit 2 (1), 2 (2), 2 (3), 2 (4), 2 (5), 2 (6) of configuration are arranged.Will be as the mating face relative bonding of each short side of adjacent cells.The face s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, the s6 that engage intersect with each limit of hexagonal lattice H1.For each unit is engaged with two adjacent unit, use two mating faces.Thus, 6 unit are connected into ring-type, the centre part is formed with the peristome W (representing with thick double dot dash line) that is surrounded by these unit therein.This moment a remaining mating face in each unit, towards the radiation direction, the short side of a unit that can be comprised with adjacent hexagonal lattice is connected from the center.
As from Figure 15, can knowing, unit 2 is configured in by on the common summit of 3 adjacent hexagonal lattice H1, is that 3 hexagonal lattice H1 are common.
In the hexagon of the plate face of unit 2, the long limit mode of texturing different with the ratio of minor face can be arranged.Under the situation that diameter (difference crosses the diameter) (distance between long limit respect to one another and the minor face) identical hexagon is compared; The difference of long limit and minor face is big more; Then the peristome W of hexagonal lattice H1 middle body is just big more, and the peristome W when each edge lengths is identical is that regular hexagon is minimum.On the other hand, the difference of long limit and minor face is big more, and the be engaged with each other area of portion of then short side is just more little, the area at junction surface maximum when each edge lengths is identical.The area at junction surface is big more, and is just favourable more on intensity.The absolute value and the ratio thereof of long limit and bond length are set by size and other various conditions as the desired intensity of the building structure of object, peristome.But, because the present invention is based on the structure of honeycomb shape, thus also can access enough intensity even the difference of long limit and minor face is bigger, in this case, so be favourable because adopt big peristome.
In Figure 15 and Figure 16, on the position that dots in each inside, unit, be provided with fastening tensioning member patchhole in advance.Insert in the hole at fastening tensioning member and to be embedded with the crust (not shown).A fastening tensioning member patchhole vertically connects this unit with respect to any one mating face in this unit.Therefore, in a unit, exist 3 fastening tensioning member patchholes that extend at 3 different directions (becoming 60 ° angle mutually).
For example; Shown in figure 16; When the short side that makes two unit 2 (1) and 2 (2) against each other the time, the fastening tensioning member patchhole that is arranged at both sides is communicated with, and forms from the unit a continuous fastening tensioning member patchhole of long side surface to the left of 2 (1) long side surface to the right to unit 2 (2).The mode of in other words, coincideing mutually with the position of the fastening tensioning member patchhole each other of two unit contacts with each other short side.
Insert in the hole through making fastening tensioning member 21a be inserted into this fastening tensioning member, apply posttension and use a pair of fixer 22a, 22a that its two ends are fixed, thus can solid ground joint unit 2 (1) and 2 (2).In addition, through the second fastening tensioning member 21b and fixer 22b, 22b unit 2 (2) is engaged with unit 2 (3).In addition, the unit 2 (5) that through the 3rd fastening tensioning member 21c ' and fixer 22c ', 22c ' unit 2 (2) and adjacent hexagonal lattice is comprised again ' engage.
So make under the unit situation connected to one another; Owing to be a unit to be connected with 3 adjacent board-like unit respectively, make its positive engagement so stop each junction surface rotation through 3 fastening tensioning member 21a, 21b, the 21c ' that extends at 3 different directions.Thus, just can construct out the building structure of main frame with honeycomb shape ground positive engagement.
At this, when once more with reference to Figure 15, disposing in shape in the main frame that is connected with element of construction as the virtual cellular of unit lattice with hexagonal lattice H1, the both sides up and down of hexagonal lattice H1 are configured to parallel in the horizontal direction.At this, when on vertical, seeing two each unit of row that m row and n row are vertically arranged, each each unit that is listed as is and disposes snakelikely and connect with positive engagement.Be connected each summit h3 of a plurality of hexagonal lattice H1 that arrange on the vertical in imagination ", under the situation of h2, h3, h4, h3 ', h4 ' and the batter post (the for example embodiment of above-mentioned Fig. 8) that disposes snakelikely; this mode just becomes and has the function same with such batter post, is easy to the structure of a power that vertical load and level load are transformed to.In addition, owing to be not the such thread-like member of batter post but planar parts, so become firmer structure.
In the honeycomb structure that uses unit 2, be planar parts in the tabular unit that is positioned at the most concentrated each summit of hexagonal lattice H1 of stress with enlargement steps down, in addition, owing to do not have the junction surface in this part, so be the very strong structure of counter stress.The junction is in the mid point on each limit of hexagonal lattice H1, thus since the stress of this part little be favourable.
Use Figure 17 and Figure 18 to specify the structure of Figure 15 and unit shown in Figure 16 2.Figure 17 is the stereoscopic figure of unit 2.Figure 18 (A) is front view, (B) is vertical view, (C) is the Y-Y sectional view and (D) is the Z-Z sectional view.The PC plate that unit 2 is to use the molding box of regulation to make.
Like Figure 17 and shown in Figure 180, the positive plate face 2i and the plate face 2j (at the downside of Figure 17) at the back side are the hexagons of same shape, and each corresponding limit disposes parallel to each other.For example the minor face 2a2 of the minor face 2a1 of plate face 2i and plate face 2j is parallel to each other, and in addition, the long limit 2f1 of plate face 2i and the long limit 2f2 of plate face 2j are parallel to each other.Distance between plate face 2i and the plate face 2j is the thickness of unit 2.
In plate face 2i, 2j, minor face is a cross-over configuration with long limit.For example in plate face 2i, dispose minor face 2a1, long limit 2d1, minor face 2b1, long limit 2e1, minor face 2c1 and long limit 2f1 successively.Minor face is isometric each other, and long limit also is isometric each other.
In addition, also comprise 6 side 2a, 2d, 2b, 2e, 2c, 2f vertical and that between corresponding each limit, extend with respect to plate face 2i, 2j.Side 2a, 2b, the 2c that between minor face, extends is the mating face as short side.Opposite with it, the side 2d, 2e, the 2f that between long limit, extend are disengaged as long side surface.
In addition; Shown in Figure 18 (A), be respectively equipped with fastening tensioning member patchhole 2a3 (between short side 2a and long side surface 2e), 2b3 (between short side 2b and long side surface 2f), 2c3 (between short side 2c and long side surface 2d) between relative to each other the side among 6 sides.Each fastening tensioning member patchhole 2a3,2b3,2c3 are vertical respectively with respect to relative a pair of side.Each fastening tensioning member patchhole 2a3,2b3,2c3 are preferably at the approximate center opening of each side.See any one fastening tensioning member patchhole from the front all through the central part of unit, angle γ each other is 60 °.3 fastening tensioning member patchholes are looked to intersect from the front, but like Figure 18 (B) with (C), in the thickness range of unit, are arranged on mutual nonoverlapping position., from the viewpoint of balance, whole fastening tensioning member patchholes are preferably placed at as far as possible the position near the center in the scope of element thickness.
The size at 2 each positions, unit can suitably be confirmed according to the condition ring-type transport condition that the building structure that will construct requires.
Figure 19 is the stereoscopic figure that is equivalent to the unit 5 of unit 2 particular cases.With unit 2 corresponding parts shown in Figure 17 with same symbolic representation.Comparing with the unit 2 of Figure 17, is regular hexagon at a pair of plate face 5i and 5j, and promptly the length on 6 limits is to be difference on this point that equates.Under the situation about engaging one another in unit 5, for example use whenever side 5a, 5b, 5c at a distance from one to get final product as the mating face, all the unit 2 with shown in Figure 17 is identical about others.
Though not shown in the figures, as the mode of texturing of unit 2, also can be in the middle of 3 long limits of plate face, to have the length on two long limits identical, and the residue different hexagon of length on one side.
Figure 20 (A) is an embodiment who has the element of construction that uses under curved surface or the bending situation in the virtual cellular shape, is the stereoscopic figure of the expression unit 2A that can engage with the unit 2 of Figure 17.Figure 20 (A) representes its stereoscopic figure.
In unit 2A, a short side 2Ac and has little angle beta with respect to plate face 2Ai, direction C that 2Aj is vertical 1Through using such unit 2A can construct out the honeycomb structure of curved surface.
Figure 20 (B) makes unit 2A (1) shown in (A) and the identical shaped board-like unit 2A of another structure (2), the rear elevation (in the inner face side of main frame) of the state that engages relatively with separately short side 2Ac (1) and 2Ac (2), and Figure 20 (C) is its vertical view.Shown in vertical view, each plate face 2Aj (1) of engaged two unit 2A (1) and 2A (2) is 180 °-2 β with 2Aj (2) angulation 1Bend.Just can form curved surface if carry out such joint continuously.
But, angle beta 1Be a smaller angle, the both sides of fastening tensioning member perforation unit 2A (1) and 2A (2) are same with unit 2 shown in Figure 16, fix through applying posttension, obtain the roughly degree of same bond strength.Therefore, becoming the short side 2Ac on mating face, though tilt, still is approximate vertical with respect to plate face 2Ai, 2Aj, in addition, is approximate vertical with respect to this side also at the fastening tensioning member patchhole 2Ac3 of short side 2Ac upper shed.
Figure 21 (A) is another embodiment that the virtual cellular shape has the element of construction that uses under curved surface or the bending situation, is the front view of the expression unit 2B that can engage with said units 2.(B) represent its vertical view.
Like Figure 21 (A) with (B), the plate face in the front of unit 2B by with the bend 2Bk of linearity as border β at an angle to each other 2Two face 2Bi1 and 2Bi2 constitute.The plate face at the relevant back side also is same.That is, unit 2B is in bend 2Bk bending.Unit 2B through having such bend 2Bk is engaged with each other, and just can construct the main frame of curved surface.For example at the such curvature portion of the cylinder tube-type framework shown in Figure 13 (A), main frame is under the parallel situation, with the bend 2Bk mode dispensing unit 2B parallel with vertical with respect to vertical.Bend 2Bk towards, with the corresponding configuration of direction of the bending of the face of main frame.In embodiment illustrated, the position of bend 2Bk is in central authorities, but left or the right also all are fine.In addition, the unit 2B of this curved also can be used for the part (corner part of tubular type framework for example shown in Figure 7) in two at grade intersection bendings of main frame.In addition, angle beta 2Size, be set as two unit 2B being engaged with each other through the fastening tensioning member that applies posttension, perhaps unit 2B and the joint of other unit that can engage do not have the degree of obstacle.
In addition, when using the unit 2B of curved, be not only, also can form continuously to the crooked curved surface of its rightabout to the crooked curved surface of a direction.Under the situation of top observation, be wavy curved surface for example.
Use planar-shaped unit shown in Figure 17 2 and curved unit 2B shown in Figure 21 through combination, just can freely construct main frame with planar section and curvature portion.
Embodiment 3
With reference to Figure 22～Figure 25, describe having another embodiment that disposes the building structure of the main frame that is connected with element of construction in shape at virtual cellular.
Figure 22 is the front view of main frame 103 parts of the building structure constructed of expression utilization structure unit.It for example is a part with the same tubular type framework of above-mentioned Fig. 7 (A).Figure 23 is the local amplification stereogram of the main frame 103 of Figure 22.
Main frame shown in Figure 22; Be to the virtual cellular shape of hexagonal lattice H2 shown in Figure 2 (representing) as unit lattice with thick chain-dotted line; Partial K 1 configuration connection element of construction 5 shown in Figure 2 is constructed below, and Partial K 2 configurations in the above connect element of construction 4 shown in Figure 2 and construct.For unit 5, be illustrated according to mode of texturing in above-mentioned Figure 19 as a kind of unit 2, the plate face is the unit of regular hexagon.Unit 4 is with disengaged the unit as concave curved surface in the unit 5.
Below in the Partial K 1,6 unit 4 dispose with the mode of the position of each summit h1～h6 of comprising hexagonal lattice H2, and adjacent two unit engage the mating face on the mid point on each limit each other against each other.Face s1～the s6 that engages is respectively with each limit square crossing.Make 6 unit 4 connect into ring-type thus.In the Partial K 2,6 unit 5 are configured on the hexagonal lattice H2 equally and couple together in the above.Unit 4 is different with disengaged shape of unit 5, but the position on mating face and shape are common, so can engage one another.
Below in the Partial K 1, be formed with hexagonal peristome Wf, in the Partial K 2, be formed with the peristome Wg of circular at the middle body of hexagonal lattice H2 in the above at the middle body of hexagonal lattice H2.At the irregular peristome Wh of the fractal materialize shape of interface.The plate area of unit 4 is than unit 5 little (being that volume is little), and correspondingly the peristome Wg ratio open f of portion is wide.The volume of unit is little just to mean that in light weight and concrete amount is few.Since in light weight, be suitable for using on the smaller upper strata of weight loading, the burden to lower floor also reduces in addition, and the more little unit of volume is used on preferred more past upper strata.On the other hand, through using unit, can support overload from the upper strata with enough amount of concrete in lower floor.
In Figure 22 and Figure 23, on the position that dots in each inside, unit, be provided with fastening tensioning member patchhole in advance.Insert in the hole at fastening tensioning member and to be embedded with the crust (not shown).A fastening tensioning member patchhole vertically connects this unit with respect to any one mating face in this unit.Therefore, in a unit, exist 3 fastening tensioning member patchholes that extend at 3 different directions (becoming 60 ° angle mutually).
For example shown in figure 23, when the mating face that makes two unit 4 (1) and unit 4 (2) against each other the time, the fastening tensioning member patchhole that is arranged on the both sides is communicated with.Fastening tensioning member 21a is inserted logical this fastening tensioning member patchhole, through applying posttension and using a pair of fixer 22a, 22a that its two ends are fixed, just can solid ground joint unit 4 (1) and unit 4 (2).In addition, unit 4 (2) and unit 4 (3) are joined together, unit 4 (3) and unit 4 (4) are joined together through the 3rd fastening tensioning member 21c and fixer 22c, 22c through the second fastening tensioning member 21b and fixer 22b, 22b.
Under linkage unit situation each other like this, because a unit becomes positive engagement through engaging with 3 adjacent unit respectively at 3 the upwardly extending 3 fastening tensioning member 21a in side, 21b, 21c so stop the rotation at each junction surface.Just can construct the building structure of main frame thus with cellular positive engagement.
Use Figure 24 to specify the structure of Figure 22 and unit 4 shown in Figure 23.(A) being front view, (B) is vertical view, and (C) is stereoscopic figure.
Shown in figure 24, front plate face 4i and backplate face 4j have identical shaped.The contour shape of plate face 4i, 4j is to be formed by regular hexagon 3 limits and 3 sag vertical curves between them at interval.The flattened side 4a, 4b, the 4c that comprise 3 straight lines become the mating face that engages with adjacent cells.Concave curved surface 4d between mating face and mating face, 4e, 4f right and wrong mating face.
Between side relative each other in the middle of 6 sides, be respectively equipped with fastening tensioning member patchhole 4a3 (between mating face 4a and concave curved surface 4e), 4b3 (between mating face 4b and concave curved surface 4f) and 4c3 (between mating face 4c and concave curved surface 4d).Each fastening tensioning member patchhole 4a3,4b3,4c3 are vertical with mating face 4a, 4b, 4c respectively.Each fastening tensioning member patchhole 4a3,4b3,4c3 are preferably at separately the mating face and the approximate centre opening of concave curved surface.In the front view of Figure 24 (A), all through the central part of unit, angulation γ is 60 ° to any one fastening tensioning member patchhole mutually.In addition, like Figure 24 (B) with (C), each fastening tensioning member patchhole is arranged on the position of non-overlapping copies in the scope of element thickness.And from the viewpoint of balance, whole fastening tensioning member patchholes preferably are positioned near the position the central authorities as far as possible in the scope of element thickness.
The size of unit 4 each several parts can be according to suitably settings such as the desired conditioned disjunction transport conditions of the building structure that will construct.
Figure 25 (A) expression is the front view with said units 4 engagement states as the unit 4A that has an embodiment of the element of construction that uses under curved surface or the bending situation in the virtual cellular shape.(B) be its vertical view.
Like Figure 25 (A) with (B), 4A positive plate face in unit is made up of two the face 4Ai1 and the 4Ai2 that with linearity joggling part 4Ak are the mutual angled β in border.The backplate face also is same.That is, unit 4A is in bend 4Ak bending.Unit 4A through having such sweep 4Ak engages with said units 4, just can construct the main frame of curved surface.If linkage unit 4A again on unit 4A just makes degree of crook strengthen.For example under main frame on the such curvature portion of the cylinder tube-type framework shown in Figure 13 A with respect to vertical is parallel situation, with the sweep 4Bk mode dispensing unit 4A parallel with vertical.Bend 4Ak towards with the corresponding configuration of bending direction of the face of main frame.In embodiment illustrated, bend 4Ak is positioned at central authorities, but also can left or the right.
In addition, the unit 4A of this curved also can be used for the bending part (corner part of tubular type framework for example shown in Figure 7) of two Plane intersects in the main frame.In addition, the size of angle beta is made as through the fastening tensioning member that applies posttension two unit 4A being engaged with each other, perhaps unit 4A and the joint of other unit that can engage do not have the degree of obstacle.
And, when using the unit 4A of curved, be not only, and can form continuously to the crooked curved surface of its rightabout to the crooked curved surface of a direction.For example under the situation of top observation, becoming wavy curved surface.
Embodiment 4
With reference to Figure 26～Figure 31, describe having another embodiment that disposes the building structure of the main frame that is connected with element of construction in shape at virtual cellular.
Figure 26 is the front view of a part of the main frame 104 of the building structure constructed of expression utilization structure unit.It for example is a part with the same tubular type framework of above-mentioned Fig. 7 (A).Figure 27 is the partial perspective view by the main frame that constitutes with the main frame 104 identical unit of Figure 26.
In the lowermost part K1 of main frame shown in Figure 26,, dispose element of construction 8 shown in Figure 4 according to configuration pattern B shown in Figure 6 for the virtual cellular shape of hexagonal lattice H2 (representing) as unit lattice with thick chain-dotted line.On lowermost part K1, construct the second portion K2, third part K3 and the topmost portion K4 that constitute by difform element of construction respectively continuously.The element of construction 13, element of construction 14 and the element of construction 15 that in second portion K2, third part K3 and topmost portion K4, use respectively all are and Fig. 3 and element of construction 7 similar modes of texturing shown in Figure 4.
Unit 8,13,14 and 15 all is configured in and comprises on the right position, adjacent two summits of hexagonal lattice H2.For example the unit 8,8 (1) of lowermost part K1 occupies a summit of summit h1 and adjacent hexagonal lattice, and unit 8 (2) occupies summit h2 and h3, and unit 8 (3) occupies a summit of h4 and adjacent hexagonal lattice, and unit 8 (4) occupies h5 and h6.Like this each unit of configuration, each side under upper right, upper left, bottom right, the left side becomes the mating face.Two adjacent unit make mating face separately engage one another relatively each other, and 4 unit 8 connect into ring-type.Such joint is a positive engagement.Engaged like this 4 face s1, s3, s4, s6 all intersect with any limit of hexagonal lattice H2.About the unit among the second portion K2 13, the unit 14 among the third part K3, the unit 15 among the topmost portion K4, each edge lengths of hexagonal lattice H2 is different, but the configuration of unit is identical with juncture.Unit 8,13,14 and 15, disengaged shape of plate face has nothing in common with each other, but the position on mating face and shape are common, therefore can engage one another.
Embodiment shown in figure 26 is such, and the shape as the hexagonal lattice of the unit lattice of virtual cellular shape also has the situation of distortion from bottom to top.Though shape is different, each hexagonal lattice all is symmetrical.And, converting to the difform part from a shape, there is not the hexagonal lattice of symmetric shape up and down.
In lowermost part K1; Middle body at hexagonal lattice H2 is formed with tetragonal peristome Wh, in second portion K2, is formed with substantially oblong-shaped peristome Wi at the middle body of hexagonal lattice H2; In third part K3; Middle body at hexagonal lattice H2 is formed with the peristome Wj that roughly assumes diamond in shape, and in topmost portion K4, is formed with the peristome Wk of rhombus at the middle body of hexagonal lattice H2.Be accompanied by from lowermost part K1 and shift to the upper strata to topmost portion K4, the plate area of unit narrows down (being smaller volume), and correspondingly peristome becomes wideer.The volume of so-called unit means that for a short time in light weight and concrete amount is few.Since in light weight, be suitable for using on the smaller upper strata of weight loading, the burden to lower floor also reduces in addition, and the more little unit of volume is used on preferred more past upper strata.On the other hand, through using unit, can support overload from the upper strata with enough amount of concrete in lower floor.
In Figure 26 and Figure 27,, be through with fastening tensioning member patchhole in advance in the position that each inside, unit dots.Insert in the hole at fastening tensioning member and to be embedded with the crust (not shown).One end of a fastening tensioning member patchhole is in any one mating face upper shed, and the other end is then in any one disengaged upper shed.Therefore, in a unit, have 44 fastening tensioning member patchholes that extend in different directions.
For example shown in Figure 27, a unit 8, when the bottom-right mating face that makes upper left mating face and unit, upper left side 13 was relative, the fastening tensioning member patchhole that is arranged on both sides was communicated with.Make fastening tensioning member 21a insert logical this fastening tensioning member patchhole, apply posttension, use fixer 22a that the one of which end is fixed on the downside of unit 8, the use fixer makes its other end be fixed on the upper side of unit 13.
The second fastening tensioning member 21b inserts the fastening tensioning member patchhole of logical unit 8 and another unit 8, lower left; Use fixer 22b that the one of which end is fixed on the upper side of unit 8, use fixer 22b its other end to be fixed on the downside of another unit 8, lower left.
The fastening tensioning member patchhole of the 3rd fastening tensioning member 21c plug unit 8 and another unit 8, lower right; Use fixer 22c that the one of which end is fixed on the upper end of unit 8, use fixer 22c its other end to be fixed on the downside of another unit 8, lower right.
The 4th fastening tensioning member 21d inserts the fastening tensioning member patchhole of logical unit 8 and unit, upper right side 13, uses fixer 22d that the one of which end is fixed on the downside of unit 8, uses fixer 22d the other end to be fixed on the upper side of another unit 13, upper right side.
Whole unit shown in Figure 27 are to utilize the fastening tensioning member that is applied with posttension to engage equally.Unit by using engages with 4 adjacent unit respectively at 4 fastening tensioning member 21a, 21b, 21c, the 21d that 4 different directions extend, so the rotation at each junction surface is prevented from, and becomes positive engagement.Thus, just can be built into the building structure of the main frame of positive engagement with honeycomb shape.
In addition, in Figure 26 and main frame shown in Figure 27, if the fastening tensioning member patchhole that between two unit, is communicated with might not linearity, but generally the inner curve shape of PC plate bury crust underground.
Figure 28 is the stereoscopic figure of Figure 26 and each unit shown in Figure 27, (A) is unit 8, (B) is unit 13, (C) is unit 14, (D) is unit 15.
Shown in Figure 28 (A), unit 8 comprises octagonal plate face 8i (back side also is same) in the front.This octagon is that rectangle cuts four jiaos shape, and the periphery of plate face is made up of the long limit and the minor face of cross-over configuration.Minor face little 4 side 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d each other become the mating face.Other 4 big side 8e, 8f, 8g, 8h right and wrong mating face.And; Between mating face 8a and disengaged 8g, be provided with fastening tensioning member patchhole 8a3, between mating face 8b and disengaged 8g, be provided with fastening tensioning member patchhole 8b3; Between mating face 8c and disengaged 8e, be provided with fastening tensioning member patchhole 8c3, between mating face 8d and disengaged 8e, be provided with fastening tensioning member patchhole 8d3.And preferred fastening tensioning member patchhole 8a3 and 8b3 are at the approximate centre opening of disengaged 8g.Preferred fastening tensioning member patchhole 8c3 and 8d3 are at the approximate centre opening of disengaged 8e.
When slave plate face 8i side is observed, can see that fastening tensioning member patchhole 8a3 and 8d3 intersect, fastening tensioning member patchhole 8b3 and 8c3 intersect.But each fastening tensioning member patchhole is arranged in the thickness range of unit 8 on mutual nonoverlapping position., from the viewpoint of balance, preferably all fastening tensioning member patchholes are positioned near the central authorities in the thickness range of unit as far as possible.
Shown in Figure 28 (B), unit 13 has mating face 13a～13d and disengaged 13e～13h, and the mating face is common with unit 8 (A), and disengaged face is the shape that the disengaged face of unit 8 is made as concave surface.4 fastening tensioning member patchhole 13a3,13b3,13c3,13d3 and unit 8 likewise are provided with, and an end of each fastening tensioning member patchhole is at each mating face opening, and the other end is at the valley portions opening of the concave surface of disengaged 13e or 13g.
Shown in Figure 28 (C), unit 14 has mating face 14a～14d and disengaged 14e～14h, and the mating face is common with (A) unit 8, and disengaged face is the shape that the disengaged face of unit 8 is made as concave surface, becomes the concave surface darker than unit 13.4 fastening tensioning member patchhole 14a3,14b3,14c3,14d3 and unit 8 likewise are provided with, an end of each fastening tensioning member patchhole, and at each mating face opening, the other end divides opening in the valley portions of the concave surface of disengaged 14e or 14g.
Shown in Figure 28 (D), unit 15 has mating face 15a～15d and disengaged 15e～15h, and the mating face is with (A) unit 8 is common, and disengaged face is the shape that the disengaged face of unit 8 is made as concave surface, becomes the V word shape darker than unit 14.In other words, have and divide 4 foots of extending from central division, become the mating face in the side of the front end separately of 4 foots to four direction.4 fastening tensioning member patchhole 15a3,15b3,15c3,15d3 and unit 8 likewise are provided with, and an end of each fastening tensioning member patchhole is at each mating face opening, and the other end is at the valley portions opening of the V word shape face of disengaged 15e or 15g.
Figure 29 is the stereoscopic figure of the main frame 105 of conduct another embodiment identical with main frame shape shown in Figure 27.The main frame 105 of Figure 29 is to use with unit shown in Figure 27 has some different unit to construct.
For example, unit 8,13,14 and 15 shown in Figure 27 is being assigned to a unit under the situation of one deck, and the size of unit has sizable weight as general PC plate, might diminish manufacturing, transportation and assembling efficiency.Thereby; Shown in figure 29; With with each unit from middle body half unit in two the manufacturer as the PC plate, guarantee to make, in transportation and the packaging efficiency, the main frame of constructing 105 can be brought into play the function same with the main frame of the unit 8,13,14 of Figure 27 and 15 104.Because it is identical forming two half-cells shape each other of a unit, the molding box during manufacturing uses a kind of getting final product.
The integrated board of half- cell 8m and 8n is suitable with the unit of Figure 27 8; The integrated board of half- cell 13m and 13n is suitable with the unit of Figure 27 13; The integrated board of half- cell 14m and 14n is suitable with the unit of Figure 27 14, and the integrated board of half- cell 15m and 15n is suitable with the unit of Figure 27 15.Same with the unit 8,13,14,15 of Figure 27, use 4 fastening tensioning member 21a～21d that the integrated board that half-cell is engaged with each other is engaged, also simultaneously half-cell is engaged with each other.
Figure 30 is the stereoscopic figure of half-cell shown in Figure 29, (A) is the half-cell of unit 8, (B) is the half-cell of unit 13, (C) is the half-cell of unit 14, (D) is the half-cell of unit 15.
Shown in Figure 30 (A), the half-cell 8m and the 8n of unit 8, use with unit 8 in a pair of disengaged hand-deliver fork respect to one another divisional plane 8t, 8u with its etc. cut apart and form.In divisional plane 8t upper shed fastening tensioning member patchhole 8ma3,8mb3,8mc3 and 8md3 are arranged, fastening tensioning member patchhole 8na3,8nb3,8nc3 and 8nd3 are arranged in divisional plane 8u upper shed.Through the divisional plane 8t of half-cell 8m and the divisional plane 8u of half-cell 8n are contacted relatively, form the PC plate identical with unit 8 shapes, each fastening tensioning member patchhole is communicated with, become the identical configuration of fastening tensioning member patchhole with unit 8.Shown in figure 29, fastening tensioning member is inserted the fastening tensioning member patchhole of logical these connections, fix through applying posttension, make half- cell 8m and 8n positive engagement.About the unit 13,14 of Figure 30 (B)～(D) and 15 half-cell also is same.
Figure 31 and Figure 32 represent as the unit 8A, 13A, 14A and the 15A that have an embodiment of the element of construction that uses under the situation of curved surface or bending in the virtual cellular shape.Figure 31 (A1) and (A2) be front view and vertical view with the unit 8A of said units 8 engagement states, (B1) with (B2) be front view and the vertical view with the unit 13A of said units 13 engagement states.Equally, Figure 32 (A1) and (A2) be front view and vertical view with the unit 14A of said units 14 engagement states, (B1) with (B2) be front view and the vertical view with the unit 15A of said units 15 engagement states.
Like Figure 31 (A1) with (A2), the plate face in the front of unit 8A is that two face 8Ai1 and the 8Ai2 of the mutual angled β in border forms by the bend 8Ak with linearity.Plate face to the back side also is same.That is, unit 8A is in sweep 8Ak bending.Unit 8A through having such bend 8Ak engages with said units 8, just can construct the main frame of curved surface.If to unit 8A linkage unit 4A again, crooked degree is strengthened.For example, at the such curvature portion of the cylinder tube-type framework shown in Figure 13 (A), main frame is with respect under the parallel situation of vertical, with the sweep 8Ak mode dispensing unit 8A parallel with vertical.Bend 8Ak towards, with the corresponding configuration of the bending direction of main frame.In embodiment illustrated, the position of bend 8Ak is in central authorities, but also can take back or take over.
In addition, the unit 8A of this curved can be used for the bending part (corner part of tubular type framework for example shown in Figure 7) of two Plane intersects in the main frame.In addition, the size of angle beta is made as through the fastening tensioning member that applies posttension two unit 8A being engaged with each other, perhaps unit 8A and the joint of other unit that can engage do not have the degree of obstacle.
And, when using the unit 8A of curved, be not only, and can form continuously to the crooked curved surface of its rightabout to the crooked curved surface of a direction.For example under the situation of top observation, becoming wavy curved surface.Unit 13A, 14A and 15A are same.
Embodiment 5
Figure 33 is expression is made up of the building structure of the embodiment of the invention the parts beyond the PC plate a main frame partial perspective view.The main frame of Figure 33 has and the same shape of main frame of using above-mentioned unit 1 shown in Figure 9, but each unit 16 all is a gagger.Unit 16 is roughly the same with the contour shape of the outer peripheral face of said units 1, is made up of 3 gaggers 3 upwardly extending 3 foots in side.Unit 16 is preferred the same with the PC plate to be produced in factory in advance.In embodiment illustrated, use be H shape steel, but cross sectional shape is arbitrarily.The front end of 16 3 foots in the unit is provided with flange shape mating face 16a, 16b, 16c through welding etc., and the mating face is contacted with each other and passes through bolt to engage with adjacent unit 16.Joint can carry out through welding, but more effective through bolt.
Though not shown in the figures, so long as with above-mentioned PC plate in the identical shape of any one embodiment, even the parts then beyond the PC plate also can be constructed same main frame.Thereby, can construct that gagger is made, reinforced concrete is made with local methods, the gagger reinforced concrete is made with local methods or the building structure of the main frame with honeycomb shape that wood is made.

Claims (29)

1. building structure, it has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction, it is characterized in that:
With respect to being found the virtual cellular shape of establishing and be planar extension; Be included on the inner position on each summit (h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6) of the hexagonal lattice (H1, H2) that will see its unit lattice from the front as and dispose a said element of construction (1,2,3,4,5,6) respectively; Comprise and make the mating face that on the part of the outer peripheral face separately of two adjacent said element of construction, is provided with against each other and the mechanism that these two element of construction are engaged; Wherein, Said engaged (s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6) is positioned on any limit of said hexagonal lattice and with this limit and intersects; And, be formed with the peristome (W) that is surrounded by the entire infrastructure unit that is configured on this hexagonal lattice at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice
Wherein, the outer peripheral face of said element of construction comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of front and back respect to one another and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of said mating faces as the part of said side.
2. building structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said element of construction is a precast concrete system.
3. building structure as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, see that from the front shape separately of said a pair of plate face is a hexagon, with said hexagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as said mating face.
4. building structure as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
The hexagon of said a pair of plate face alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with said minor face side each other as said mating face.
5. building structure as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, the shape of seeing said plate face from the front possesses 3 foots that three direction branches of mind-set therefrom extend, with the side of the front end separately of said 3 foots as said mating face.
6. building structure, it has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction, it is characterized in that:
With respect to being found the virtual cellular shape of establishing and be planar extension; The both sides on two adjacent summits are included on the inner position during will seeing the hexagonal lattice (H1, H2) of its unit lattice from the front as; Dispose a said element of construction (7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) respectively; Comprise and make the mating face that on the part of the outer peripheral face separately of two adjacent said element of construction, is provided with against each other and the mechanism that these two element of construction are engaged; Wherein, said engaged face is positioned on any limit of said hexagonal lattice and with this limit and intersects, and at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice; Be formed with the peristome (W) that is surrounded by the entire infrastructure unit that is configured on this hexagonal lattice
Wherein, the outer peripheral face of said element of construction comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of front and back respect to one another and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of said mating faces as the part of said side.
7. building structure as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that:
Said element of construction is a precast concrete system.
8. building structure as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, see that from the front shape separately of said a pair of plate face is an octagon, with said octagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as said mating face.
9. building structure as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that:
The octagon of said a pair of plate face alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with said minor face side each other as said mating face.
10. building structure as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, the shape of seeing said plate face from the front possesses 4 foots that mind-set four direction branch therefrom extends, with the side of the front end separately of said 4 foots as said mating face.
11., it is characterized in that like claim 2 or 7 described building structures:
The mechanism that the element of construction of two adjacent said precast concrete systems is engaged with each other comprises: intersect with said relative mating face and connect the fastening tensioning member of both sides' element of construction; With said fastening tensioning member is applied posttension, and its two ends are separately fixed at the fixer on the said side in each element of construction.
12., it is characterized in that like claim 1 or 6 described building structures:
Said element of construction is that gagger is made, reinforced concrete is made with local methods, the gagger reinforced concrete is made with local methods or wood is made.
13. a building structure, it has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of element of construction, it is characterized in that:
Comprise: with respect to being found the virtual cellular shape of establishing and be planar extension; A summit during will seeing the hexagonal lattice (H1, H2) of its unit lattice from the front as is included in first element of construction (1,2,3,4,5,6) that inner position disposes; With second element of construction (7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) that disposes on the both sides' on adjacent two summits in comprising said hexagonal lattice the position; Comprise and make the mating face that on the part of the outer peripheral face separately of adjacent two said first and/or second element of construction, is provided with against each other and the mechanism that engages; Wherein, Said engaged face is positioned on any limit of said hexagonal lattice and with this limit and intersects; And, be formed with the peristome (W) that is surrounded by the entire infrastructure unit that is configured in first and/or second on this hexagonal lattice at the middle body of each hexagonal lattice
Wherein, the outer peripheral face of said element of construction comprises a pair of plate face that is made up of front and back respect to one another and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending, and is provided with a plurality of said mating faces as the part of said side.
14., it is characterized in that like claim 1,2,6,7 or 13 described building structures:
Said element of construction above being configured in relatively in a plurality of said element of construction that vertical engages continuously is different with the shape of said element of construction below being configured in relatively, and the size of the said peristome that is formed by the said element of construction that is configured in the top thus is greatly big or small than the said peristome that is formed by the element of construction below said being configured in.
15. element of construction that is used for constructing each described building structure of claim 1～14.
16. an element of construction, it is the element of construction of the employed precast concrete system of main frame of the described building structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Its outer peripheral face comprises a pair of plate face of being made up of front and back relative to each other and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending; The a plurality of mating faces that when connecting, are used for engaging with adjacent element of construction are provided with as the part face of said side, are provided with a plurality of fastening tensioning member patchhole that between other part of each and the said side on said a plurality of mating faces, connects with mutual nonoverlapping mode.
17. element of construction as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, see that from the front shape of said plate face is a hexagon, with said hexagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as said mating face.
18. element of construction as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that:
The hexagon of said plate face alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with said minor face side each other as said mating face.
19. element of construction as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, the shape of seeing said plate face from the front possesses 3 foots that three direction branches of mind-set therefrom extend, with the side of the front end separately of said 3 foots as said mating face.
20. an element of construction, it is the element of construction of the employed precast concrete system of main frame of the described building structure of claim 6, it is characterized in that:
Its outer peripheral face comprises a pair of plate face of being made up of front and back relative to each other and the side of between the periphery separately of said a pair of plate face, extending; The a plurality of mating faces that when connecting, are used for engaging with adjacent element of construction are provided with as the part face of said side, are provided with a plurality of fastening tensioning member patchhole between other part of each and said side on the said a plurality of mating faces of perforation with mutual nonoverlapping mode.
21. the element of construction described in claim 20 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, see that from the front shape of said plate face is an octagon, with said octagonal every at a distance from side each other, a limit as said mating face.
22. element of construction as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that:
The octagon of said plate face alternately disposes minor face and long limit, with said minor face side each other as said mating face.
23. the element of construction described in claim 20 is characterized in that:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, the shape of seeing said plate face from the front has 4 foots that mind-set four direction branch therefrom extends, with the side of the front end separately of said 4 foots as said mating face.
24. as, it is characterized in that at the element of construction described in the claim 20:
In the element of construction of said precast concrete system, make with a said element of construction in the half-cell cut apart of the divisional plane etc. of mutual relative a pair of disengaged hand-deliver fork, engage relatively with said divisional plane, form a said element of construction thus.
25. a half-cell is characterized in that:
Has one shape in two parts that form the described element of construction of claim 20 etc. is cut apart with the divisional plane of each other relative a pair of disengaged hand-deliver fork.
26., it is characterized in that like claim 16 or 20 described element of construction:
On the direction vertical, be provided with a plurality of dull and stereotyped connecting hole that connects said element of construction with said a pair of plate face.
27., it is characterized in that like claim 16 or 20 described element of construction:
Said mating face is formed by in two inclined planes of two inclined planes of chevron or paddy shape any.
28., it is characterized in that like claim 16 or 20 described element of construction:
Has the bend on the part that to be configured in said virtual cellular shape be curved surface.
29. the worker's method of constructing of a building structure, this building structure has the main frame that is connected with a plurality of claims 16 or 20 described element of construction, it is characterized in that:
The mode that two adjacent element of construction interconnect with separately said fastening tensioning member patchhole disposes mating face separately relatively; Fastening tensioning member is passed through the said fastening tensioning member patchhole of inserting said connection; Said fastening tensioning member is applied posttension and fixes, thus said two element of construction are engaged.
CN2006800441154A 2006-03-06 2006-12-07 Construction structure body, structure unit, and method for the unit Expired - Fee Related CN101316972B (en)

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JP059409/2006 2006-03-06
PCT/JP2006/316868 WO2008026239A1 (en) 2006-08-28 2006-08-28 Structural panel unit, and construction method and building structure using the same
JPPCT/JP2006/316868 2006-08-28
PCT/JP2006/324475 WO2007102264A1 (en) 2006-03-06 2006-12-07 Construction structure body, structure unit, and method for the unit

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ES2371960B1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2012-11-19 Inneo Torres, S.L. FACTORY FOR THE PRODUCTION BY MOLDING OF PREFABRICATED CONCRETE DOVELAS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AIRLINER SUPPORT TOWERS.
ES2399863B1 (en) * 2010-03-08 2014-02-11 Acciona Windpower S.A. AEROGENERATOR TOWER AND ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE OF THE SAME
CN101871236B (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-25 刘睿 Honeycomb structural connection member provided with doubling plates
US9353909B2 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-05-31 Mindaugas Ramaska Symmetrical continuous multidirectional ultra-light ultra-strong structure
US9834325B2 (en) * 2015-05-04 2017-12-05 Mindaugas Ramaska Symmetrical continuous multidirectional ultra-light ultra-strong structure
CN108193828B (en) * 2016-01-15 2020-03-20 湖南中建恒泰建材科技有限公司 A hide seam board for as environmental protection heat preservation wall component
CN108086479A (en) * 2017-09-01 2018-05-29 王晓军 A kind of new builing structure body
CA3120084A1 (en) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-28 Autotelic Holding Llc Core for building
CN110258296B (en) * 2019-07-11 2024-01-26 金陵科技学院 Modular assembly type honeycomb bridge structure
CN115246451B (en) * 2021-04-26 2023-07-28 北京航空航天大学 Automobile body of racing automobile, preparation method of automobile body and formula racing automobile
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