CN101316236B - Vrrp backup group load sharing method and router - Google Patents
Vrrp backup group load sharing method and router Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for sharing the load of a VRRP back-up group, and the basic idea of the method is: when a VRRP interface Up is configured on a router in the back-up group, the router keeps at the Master state directly; one of the routers at the Master state is selected to feed back an ARP response according to the principle of balanced load after an ARP request transmitted by a user is received. Accordingly, the invention also provides the router. The technical proposal provided by the invention can balance the load of the VRRP back-up group.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP, Virtual Router RedundancyProtocol) technology, relate in particular to a kind of VRRP backup group load sharing method and router.
Background technology
VRRP is a kind of protocol for error tolerance, and it can realize the switching between the active and standby router, guarantees communication continuity and reliability, is generally the local area network (LAN) with multicast or broadcast-capable and designs.Fig. 1 shows typical VRRP networking diagram, and the set of router collaborative work constitutes a virtual router, and virtual router has Internet Protocol (IP) address of oneself; The set of router that constitutes virtual router is called backup group, and each router in the backup group also all has the IP address of oneself.In Fig. 1, the IP address of virtual router is 10.100.10.1, and the IP address of router-A is 10.100.10.2, and the IP address of router B is 10.100.10.3.Main frame (Host) in the local area network (LAN) is only known the IP address of virtual router, and does not know the IP address of each concrete router in the backup group.Next jumping of default route of main frame oneself in the local area network (LAN) is set to the IP address of virtual router, communicates by virtual router and external network.In a backup group, have only one to be active router (Master), other all is backup router (Backup), any moment all has only the main frame that active router is responsible for and local area network (LAN) is interior to carry out alternately.When the active router cisco unity malfunction, other backup router in the backup group becomes new active router with regard to the active router of taking over cisco unity malfunction, the main frame of continuation in local area network (LAN) provides route service, thereby realizes that the main frame in the network can communicate with external network incessantly.
When the active router operate as normal, it can send a VRRP advertisement message (Advertisement) at set intervals, lays oneself open to normal operating conditions with other backup router in the notice backup group.If do not receive the VRRP advertisement message from active router in the backup router certain hour, then backup router transfers self to active router.When having a plurality of backup router in the backup group, might produce a plurality of active routers, priority and local first level in the VRRP advertisement message that this moment, each active router will relatively be received, and the router of therefrom selecting the priority maximum is as Master, if priority is identical, the IP address of interface relatively then, interface IP address is big becomes Master, provides actual route service by Master.
In existing VRRP agreement, the router in the VRRP backup group has three basic status: initial (Initialize) state, Master state and Backup state.During cisco unity malfunction, router is in the Initialize state when the interface Down of configuration VRRP on the router in the backup group; In the time of can operate as normal when the interface Up of configuration VRRP on the router in the backup group, router be in Master state or Backup state.The router that is in the Initialize state is neither handled the VRRP advertisement message, does not also transmit data; The router that is in the Master state is transmitted data, the ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) request that the response main frame sends to virtual router ip address, and send the VRRP advertisement message to other are in the router of Backup state in the backup group; The router that is in the Backup state is not transmitted data, does not respond the ARP request to virtual router ip address, receives only the VRRP advertisement message.
VRRP advertisement message form ginseng is shown in Table 1.Wherein, Version presentation protocol version number is 2 as the version number of the VRRP protocol massages correspondence of common IPv4, and the version number of the VRRP protocol massages correspondence of IPv6 is 3; Type represents the VRRP type of message, and the VRRP message has only one type to be the VRRP advertisement message at present, and this field value is 1; Virtual Rtr ID (be called for short VRID) expression virtual router number promptly backs up group number, span 1～255; Priority represents the civilian priority of router in backup group of transmitting messages, span 0～255, and the big more priority that shows of numerical value is high more; CountIP Addrs represents the number of backup group virtual ip address, and 1 backup group can corresponding a plurality of virtual ip address; Auth Type represents auth type, and this value is that 0 expression does not have authentication, is 1 expression simple characters authentication, is 2 expression md5 authentications; Adver Int represents to send the time interval of VRRP advertisement message, and unit is second, defaults to 1 second; Checksum represent 16 bit checks and, be used for detecting the data corruption situation of VRRP message; IP Address is the virtual ip address of backup group, and the number of addresses that is comprised is defined in Count IP Addrs field; Authentication Data is an authenticator.
?0 1 2 3
?0?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?0?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?0?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?0?1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Version?|Type |?Virtual?Rtr?ID| Priority |?Count?IP?Addrs|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Auth?Type | Adver?Int | Checksum |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(1) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| · |
| · |
| · |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(n) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Authentication?Data?(1) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Authentication?Data?(2) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Table 1 VRRP advertisement message form
But there is following defective in existing VRRP backup group working method:
According to existing VRRP backup group technology, have only a router to be in the Master state in the VRRP backup group, and the router that only is in the Master state is that active router could be transmitted data.That is to say that the All hosts in the local area network (LAN) all communicates by active router and external network, other backup router in the backup group then is in idle condition, does not participate in load balancing.Obviously, this VRRP backup group working method can make that the load balancing of interior each router of backup group is inhomogeneous.
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of VRRP backup group load sharing method and router, with the load balancing of balanced VRRP backup group.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol VRRP backup group load sharing method, this method comprises:
When disposing the interface cisco unity malfunction Down of VRRP on the router in the backup group, router is in initial Initialize state; When the interface of configuration VRRP on the router in the backup group can operate as normal Up, router directly was in active router Master state;
The router that is in the Master state outwards sends the VRRP advertisement message, and after receiving the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual internet protocol IP address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message that receives, determine whether that according to Master router number and the load-balancing algorithm determined needs return the arp reply message, if desired, then return the arp reply message to initiating the ARP requesting users; Otherwise, do not return the arp reply message.
The router of the described Master of being in state outwards sends the VRRP advertisement message and comprises: the router that is in the Master state is incorporated in all VRRP backup group information of configuration on it in VRRP advertisement message and sends, and corresponding each virtual ip address is provided with status indicator respectively in this message, is used for representing the Interface status of virtual ip address correspondence;
The VRRP advertisement message that described basis receives determines that the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence comprises: the Master router number of determining this virtual ip address correspondence according to the status indicator to should virtual ip address that carries in the VRRP advertisement message of receiving.
The media access control MAC address, source of described VRRP advertisement message is the MAC Address of the router device of this message of transmission.
The source MAC of described arp reply message is the MAC Address of the router device of this message of transmission.
Described load-balancing algorithm is a hash algorithm, Master router number and load-balancing algorithm that described basis is determined determine whether that needs return the arp reply message and comprise: the source IP address of the ARP request message that utilization is received and/or source MAC and the Master router number of determining are carried out Hash calculation, determine whether that according to the Hash calculation result needs return the arp reply message.
When the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address on the router became Up by Down, this method further comprised:
The router that Interface status changes is determined the Master router number of described virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of receiving, if have only self one, then sending source IP address to the user is that described virtual ip address, source MAC are the gratuitous ARP packet of this router self MAC address, will all switch to by all users of described virtual ip address and PERCOM peripheral communication on this router; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
When the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address on the router became Down by Up, this method further comprised:
Other router in the backup group judges according to the VRRP advertisement message of receiving whether self is unique Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence, if then sending source IP address to the user is the gratuitous ARP packet of self MAC address for this virtual ip address, source MAC; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
A kind of router, be arranged in the Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol VRRP backup group that comprises a plurality of routers, when disposing the interface cisco unity malfunction Down of VRRP on the router in the VRRP backup group, router in the VRRP backup group is in initial Initialize state, when the interface of configuration VRRP on the router in the VRRP backup group can operate as normal Up, router in the VRRP backup group directly is in active router Master state
Router in this VRRP backup group comprises: VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit and ARP requesting processing, wherein,
VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit is used for when local router is in the Master state, and other router in backup group sends the VRRP advertisement message; And, receive the VRRP advertisement message that other router sends in the backup group;
The ARP requesting processing, be used for when local router is in the Master state, receive the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual internet protocol IP address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit reception, determine whether that according to Master router number and the load-balancing algorithm determined needs return the arp reply message, if desired, then return the arp reply message to initiating the ARP requesting users; Otherwise, do not return the arp reply message.
Described VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit is incorporated in all VRRP backup group information that dispose on the local router in the VRRP advertisement message and sends, and corresponding each virtual ip address is provided with status indicator respectively in this message, is used for representing the Interface status of virtual ip address correspondence;
After described ARP requesting processing is received ARP request message to virtual ip address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the status indicator that carries in the VRRP advertisement message to should virtual ip address.
Described load-balancing algorithm is a hash algorithm, the source IP address of the ARP request message that the utilization of described ARP requesting processing is received and/or media access control MAC address, source and the Master router number of determining are carried out Hash calculation, determine whether that according to the Hash calculation result needs return the arp reply message, the source MAC of the arp reply message that returns is the MAC Address of local router equipment.
This router further comprises:
The state variation processing unit, when the Interface status that is used for corresponding virtual ip address on local router becomes Up by Down, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit reception, if have only one of local router, then send source IP address for this virtual ip address, source MAC are the gratuitous ARP packet of local router device mac address, will all switch on the local router by all users of this virtual ip address and PERCOM peripheral communication to the user; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
Described state variation processing unit is further used for, when the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address becomes Down by Up on other router in backup group, judge according to the VRRP advertisement message that VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit receives whether local router is unique Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence, if then sending source IP address to the user is the gratuitous ARP packet of local router device mac address for this virtual ip address, source MAC; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
This shows, the router of interface Up all is the Master router among the present invention, can transmit data, after receiving Client-initiated ARP request, can from backup group, select a Master router to return arp reply according to load-balancing algorithm, thereby realize network traffics are shared on each router in the backup group equably, avoid carrying out the load balancing inequality problem that data forwarding causes because of fixing an active router in the prior art.
In addition, further, after adopting technical scheme provided by the invention, router in the backup group can an only mutual VRRP advertisement message of carrying all backup group information, and need not to send the VRRP advertisement message respectively at each backup group, thereby significantly reduced VRRP advertisement message quantity, reduced network traffics and router cpu burden, and make VRRP backup group operation ground more stable, can not occur having little time too much to handle or the flow that causes situations such as hardware queue overflows to cause too much because of message switches, avoid network oscillation because of message.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a typical VRRP networking diagram of the prior art;
Fig. 2 receives ARP processing of request flow chart for Master router in the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 3 receives ARP processing of request flow chart for Master router in the embodiment of the invention two;
Fig. 4 is the router topology schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the embodiment that develops simultaneously with reference to the accompanying drawings is described in further detail the present invention.
The present invention is two kinds with the status modifier of router in the VRRP backup group: Initialize state and Master state.When disposing the interface Down of VRRP on the router in the backup group, router is in the Initialize state, and the router that is in the Initialize state neither sends handles the VRRP advertisement message, does not also transmit data; When disposing the interface Up of VRRP on the router in the backup group, router directly is in the Master state, and need be by relatively priority and interface IP address size decide Master state or the Backup state of being in unlike prior art, the router that is in the Master state both can be transmitted data, also can send to handle the VRRP advertisement message.
In existing VRRP agreement, a VRRP backup group has only an active router, and active router is responsible for transmitting all user's data; And in the present invention,, can transmit data because the router of total interface Up all is the Master router, therefore at this moment just need to consider which router to come service by for the user actually.
In order to make the load balancing equalization of each router in the backup group, basic thought of the present invention is: after receiving Client-initiated ARP request, select a Master router to return arp reply from backup group according to the principle of load balancing.Particularly promptly: the router that is in the Master state is after receiving the ARP request of Client-initiated to virtual ip address, earlier the VRRP advertisement message that sends according to other router of receiving is determined the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence, and then judges whether that according to Master router number of determining and the load-balancing algorithm that sets in advance needs send arp reply.Thisly from backup group, select a Master router to send the mode of arp reply according to load-balancing algorithm, network traffics can be shared equably on each router in the backup group, be avoided carrying out the uneven problem of load balancing that data forwarding causes because of fixing an active router in the prior art.
The send mode of VRRP advertisement message can be consistent with existing VRRP agreement among the present invention, and promptly each Master router all outwards sends the VRRP advertisement message, carries a VRRP backup group information in the VRRP advertisement message.But; owing to can have a plurality of VRRP backup groups simultaneously usually on the router; if send the VRRP advertisement message respectively at each VRRP backup group; then the VRRP backup group number that disposes on router more for a long time; a large amount of VRRP advertisement message will appear; and the VRRP backup group that exists is many more, and the VRRP advertisement message of generation is just many more.When the VRRP advertisement message arrives some more, just may cause network traffic congestion, thereby influence the normal forwarding of other service traffics.In addition, be subjected to the restriction of router cpu disposal ability, when lot of V RRP advertisement message pours in router simultaneously, the CPU of router will can't bear the heavy load, thereby occur causing the message processing untimely too much because of message, perhaps, message causes situations such as the VRRP advertisement message is dropped because of causing hardware queue to overflow too much, the judgement that these situations can cause router in the course of the work Master router number work to be made mistake, the generation flow switches, thereby cause network oscillation, the influence flow of suspended network equipment is down transmitted.
In order to overcome the problem that above-mentioned VRRP advertisement message is spread unchecked, in the present invention, the Master router also can all merge to the information of all VRRP backup groups of configuration on it in VRRP advertisement message and send, to reduce VRRP advertisement message quantity.
Send VRRP advertisement message both of these case at sending the VRRP advertisement message according to existing protocol and merging respectively below, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment, all routers that are in the Master state all carry out the transmission of VRRP message according to existing protocol, and the router that is in the Initialize state does not send the VRRP advertisement message.What deserves to be explained is, owing to cancelled the Backup state of router among the present invention, each router need not to carry out active router according to priority again and selects, and therefore, can or regard reserved field as and not carry out any processing the deletion of the Priority field in the former VRRP advertisement message here.
Fig. 2 shows among the embodiment one the Master router and receives ARP processing of request flow process, may further comprise the steps:
After step 201:Master router is received the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual ip address, the VRRP advertisement message number that includes this virtual ip address that statistics receives, because being in the router of Initialize state is can not send the VRRP advertisement message, therefore, the number that comes out is added 1 here and add that promptly this Master router self just can obtain the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence.
Step 202: the Master router of receiving the ARP request message determines according to Master router number that obtains and the load-balancing algorithm that sets in advance whether needs carry out arp reply for oneself, and if desired, then execution in step 203; Otherwise, do not return arp reply.
Wherein, described load-balancing algorithm can be Hash (Hash) algorithm.The Master router of receiving the ARP request message can carry out Hash calculating according to the source MAC and/or the source IP address (source MAC or source IP address or source MAC and source IP address) of Master router number that obtains and the ARP request message of receiving, determines whether to return arp reply according to Hash result of calculation then.
Wherein, hash algorithm can guarantee to have only a router to return arp reply to the user in the backup group receiving ARP when request, and the probability that each router returns arp reply equates.Flow load is shared on each router in the backup group equably, avoided carrying out the uneven problem of load balancing that data forwarding causes because of fixing an active router in the prior art.About the Hash account form, follow-up will the elaboration in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Need to prove that the Hash account form here only is a preferred embodiment, when specific implementation, also can take other load-balancing algorithm to realize load balancing.In addition, if receive the router of ARP request find current to Master router that should ARP request virtual ip address have only self one, then this moment, this router can directly return arp reply to initiating the ARP requesting users, and need not carry out the described judgement that whether needs to return arp reply.
Step 203: return the arp reply message to initiating the ARP requesting users, the source IP of this message is the IP of virtual router, and source MAC is the MAC that returns the router device self of arp reply.Afterwards, this user communicates by this router device and external network.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, the Master router all is put into all VRRP backup group information in the VRRP advertisement message and sends, to reduce VRRP advertisement message quantity.
Table 2 shows improved VRRP advertisement message form in the present embodiment.Wherein, the definition of Auth Type, Adver Int, Checksum and Authentication Data and value are all consistent with existing protocol, repeat no more here; Version presentation protocol version number for distinguishing mutually with existing protocol version number, can use other value representation here, as 4; Type represents the VRRP type of message, and VRRP advertisement message type is 1 in the existing protocol, can be worth VRRP advertisement message after representing to improve with other here, as 2; Count IP Addrs represents the virtual ip address number sum of all VRRP backup groups; VRID represents that virtual router number promptly backs up group number, and span is 1～255, occurs in pairs with IP Address field; IP Address represents the virtual ip address of backup group, and the number of addresses that is comprised is defined in CountIP Addrs field, occurs in pairs with VRID; S is newly-increased status indicator field, and each virtual ip address is S field of correspondence respectively, is used for representing the Interface status of virtual ip address correspondence, if interface is in the Up state, then corresponding S field puts 1; If interface is in the Down state, then corresponding S field puts 0.Router in the backup group can determine to be in the backup group number of the router of Master state by the S field in the VRRP advertisement message of other router transmission.In addition, because router need not to carry out according to priority the election of active router again among the present invention,, can be used as reserved field (Reserved) so will no longer need in the VRRP advertisement message of the Priority field in the former VRRP advertisement message after improvement.In the table 2, the length of Reserved field is compared former Priority field and has been reduced by a byte, and the length of Count IP Addrs field is compared former Count IP Addrs field has increased a byte.Why revise like this, be that the more former VRRP advertisement message of virtual ip address number in the VRRP advertisement message of considering after the merging increases to some extent, if continue to use the Count IPAddrs of former 1 byte, then can only represent 255 virtual ip address at most, and after making Count IP Addrs into 2 bytes, then can represent 65535 virtual ip address at most.
0 1 2 3
0?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?0?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?0?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?0?1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Version|?Type | Reserved | Count?IP?Addrs |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Auth?Type | Adver?Int | Checksum |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| VRID?1 | VRID?2 | VRID?3 | |S|S|S|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(1) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(2) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(3) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| . |
| . |
| . |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| VRID?n-2 | VRID?n-1 | VRID?n | |S|S|S|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(n-2) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(n-1) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| IP?Address?(n) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Authentication?Data?(1) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Authentication?Data?(2) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
The improved VRRP advertisement message of table 2 form
Purpose medium access control (MAC) address that sends VRRP advertisement message shown in the table 2 remains unchanged, and is consistent with existing protocol; Source MAC is the device mac address of router, and no longer is virtual mac address.After the VRRP advertisement message of having carried all backup group information shown in the employing table 2, router in the backup group just only needs a mutual VRRP advertisement message, and need not to send the VRRP advertisement message respectively at each backup group, thereby significantly reduced VRRP advertisement message quantity, reduced network traffics and router cpu burden, and make VRRP backup group operation ground more stable, can not occur having little time too much to handle or the flow that causes situations such as hardware queue overflows to cause too much because of message switches, avoid network oscillation because of message.
About the VRRP advertisement message after improving among VRRP advertisement message in the existing protocol and the embodiment two, distinguish as follows:
In existing protocol, the VRRP advertisement message is to be sent by the active router in each VRRP backup group, and only carries a VRRP backup group information in a VRRP advertisement message.Such as, with networking shown in Figure 1 is example, suppose to have disposed simultaneously on router-A and the router B 100 backup groups, router-A is the active router of 50 backup groups wherein, router B is the active router of other 50 backup groups, and the VRRP advertisement message of router-A and router B sends at interval and all is set to 1 second, then in this case, router-A need send 50 VRRP advertisement message of 50 VRRP backup group correspondences each second, and router B also needs to send 50 VRRP advertisement message of 50 VRRP backup group correspondences same each second.
And in the present invention, owing to cancelled the Backup state, so may have a plurality of routers to be in the Master state simultaneously in a VRRP backup group, promptly in a VRRP backup group a plurality of active routers are arranged, at this moment, each router that is in the Master state all needs to send the VRRP advertisement message in the backup group.Be example still with networking shown in Figure 1, suppose to have disposed simultaneously on router-A and the router B 100 backup groups, and the VRRP advertisement message of router-A and router B sends at interval and all is set to 1 second, then under normal circumstances, router-A and router B only need to send a VRRP advertisement message each second, have carried the information that router-A and router B go up all VRRP backup groups of configuration in this VRRP advertisement message.If the backup group information of carrying in the VRRP advertisement message is too much, cause message length to exceed standard, then can carry out burst and handle message.
Fig. 3 shows among the embodiment two the Master router and receives ARP processing of request flow process, may further comprise the steps:
Step 301: after the router that is in the Master state in the backup group is received the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual ip address, value according to S field corresponding in the VRRP advertisement message of receiving with this virtual ip address, determine the router number of the current Up of the being in state of interface of this virtual ip address correspondence, i.e. the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence.
Step 302～303: consistent with step 202～203, repeat no more here.
Below by a concrete example flow process shown in Figure 3 is elaborated.
Such as, with Fig. 1 is example, router-A and router B belong to a backup group, this backup group corresponding virtual IP address is 10.100.10.1, when router-A and router B went up interface Up that should virtual ip address, router-A and router B were in the Master state, send the VRRP advertisement message to the other side mutually, and the S field of the corresponding virtual ip address 10.100.10.1 of VRRP advertisement message all puts 1, and expression is in the Master state.At this moment, if the user in the network initiates the ARP request to virtual ip address 10.100.10.1, then router-A and router B will receive this ARP request, and the S field according to corresponding virtual ip address 10.100.10.1 in the VRRP advertisement message of receiving can be found, current to having A by virtual ip address, two routers of B are in the Master state, at this moment router-A and router B can carry out Hash according to the source IP address of the ARP request message of receiving and/or source MAC and Master router number and calculate, if the value that Hash calculates is 0, then router-A is responded arp reply; If the value that Hash calculates is 1, then router B responds arp reply.
Selection about the router of responding arp reply describes below by a simple example.Such as, suppose that the Master router number of determining is 2, and the source IP address of ARP request message is 10.100.10.7, the Master router of then receiving the ARP request this moment can be earlier with the every addition of the source IP address of ARP request message, with 10 pairs of router number 2 deliverys of sum, obtain mould value 0 again.Return arp reply if preestablish the mould value and be 0 by router-A, the mould value is 1 by router B echo reply, and then router-A will return arp reply to user 10.100.10.7 in this example.
Generally, Host (as 5 minutes) at set intervals sends an ARP request, by ARP request processing flow provided by the present invention, customer flow in the local area network (LAN) evenly can be shared on each router in the backup group, especially after the router stable working state in the backup group, the effect of load balancing is best.
When the operating state of router in the backup group changes,, can also take following means in order to realize the quick switching of flow:
One, when the Interface status of certain the virtual ip address correspondence that disposes on the router becomes Up by Down, this router is at first added up the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of receiving, if have only self one, then this router immediately the user in local area network (LAN) to send source IP be described virtual ip address, the source MAC gratuitous ARP packet for this router device self MAC, will all switch on this router with outside all users that communicate by described virtual ip address.Thisly initiatively send the mode of gratuitous ARP packet by router, can realize the quick switching of flow when router state changes, the user initiatively initiates the ARP request and need not by the time.
Two, when the Interface status of certain the virtual ip address correspondence that disposes on the router becomes Up by Down, if more than one of the Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence of process statistics discovery, then the router that this moment, Interface status changed can judge whether that needs send gratuitous ARP packet according to the Master router number of statistics and the load-balancing algorithm that sets in advance, calculate such as utilizing this virtual ip address and Master router number to carry out Hash, determine whether that according to Hash result of calculation needs send gratuitous ARP packet then, if desired, then sending source IP to the user is this virtual ip address, source MAC is the gratuitous ARP packet of this router device self MAC; If do not need, then do not send.
Three, when the Interface status of certain the virtual ip address correspondence that disposes on the router becomes Down by Up, other router in the backup group can perceive this Interface status by the VRRP advertisement message that receives to be changed, find it self is unique Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence if perceive the router of this variation, then this moment, this router can (the message source IP address be this virtual ip address to should virtual ip address sending a gratuitous ARP packet, source MAC is this router device self MAC address), all are all switched on this router with the outside user who communicates by this virtual ip address.
Four, when the Interface status of certain the virtual ip address correspondence that disposes on the router becomes Down by Up, if other router that perceives this variation in the backup group through statistics find to Master router that should virtual ip address more than self one, then this moment, this Master router can judge whether that needs send gratuitous ARP packet according to the Master router number of statistics and the load-balancing algorithm that sets in advance, calculate such as utilizing this virtual ip address and Master router number to carry out Hash, determine whether that according to Hash result of calculation needs send gratuitous ARP packet then, if desired, then sending source IP to the user is this virtual ip address, source MAC is the gratuitous ARP packet of this router device self MAC; If do not need, then do not send.
Such as, be example with Fig. 1, suppose to have disposed on router-A and the router B 100 VRRP backup groups, the respectively corresponding virtual ip address of each VRRP backup group, and all VRRP backup group corresponding virtual IP address interfaces all are operated in the Master state.If this moment, router B was restarted, all VRRP backup groups on the router B all become the Initialieze state by the Master state, then according to the quick switching processing mode of above-mentioned realization, router-A need send the gratuitous ARP packet of corresponding all VRRP backup groups, and all users' gateway MAC is moved on the router-A.Deng router B restart finish after, 100 VRRP backup groups of configuration all become the state into Master again by the Initialieze state again on it, at this moment, router B can not send the corresponding gratuitous ARP packet of whole 100 VRRP groups, because at this moment router-A also is in the Master state, if router B sends the corresponding gratuitous ARP packet of whole 100 VRRP groups, then all users' gateway MAC can be updated on the router B, thereby cause the load balancing inequality.For making the load balancing equalization, router B can select 50 according to certain load-balancing algorithm (as hash algorithm) from whole 100 VRRP backup groups (50 desired quantities on the probability angle just here, also may be other numerical value in the practical application near 50) individual VRRP backup group, the gratuitous ARP packet that sends 50 VRRP backup group correspondences is gone out, the gateway MAC of certain customers is switched on the router B, evenly share with router-A realization load.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of router, this router is arranged in the VRRP backup group that comprises a plurality of routers, and, when disposing the interface Down of VRRP on the router, router is in the Initialize state, and when disposing the interface Up of VRRP on the router, router directly is in the Master state.
Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of router provided by the invention, comprising: VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit and ARP requesting processing, wherein,
VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit is used for when local router is in the Master state, and other router in backup group sends the VRRP advertisement message; And, receive the VRRP advertisement message that other router sends in the backup group;
The ARP requesting processing, be used for when local router is in the Master state, receive the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual ip address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit reception, determine whether that according to Master router number and the load-balancing algorithm determined needs return the arp reply message, if desired, then return the arp reply message to initiating the ARP requesting users; Otherwise, do not return the arp reply message.
When sending the VRRP advertisement message according to existing protocol, when promptly a VRRP advertisement message is only carried a VRRP backup group information, after described ARP requesting processing is received ARP request message to virtual ip address, statistics comprises the VRRP advertisement message number of this virtual ip address, and this number is added the 1 Master router number that obtains this virtual ip address correspondence.
If VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit is incorporated in all VRRP backup group information that dispose on the local router in the VRRP advertisement message and sends, and corresponding each virtual ip address is provided with status indicator respectively in this message, is used for representing the Interface status of virtual ip address correspondence; After then described ARP requesting processing is received ARP request message to virtual ip address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the status indicator that carries in the VRRP advertisement message to should virtual ip address.
Merging under the situation that sends the VRRP advertisement message, if the VRRP advertisement message length after merging exceeds standard, then described VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit further carries out burst to the VRRP advertisement message that sends to be handled, and the source MAC of the VRRP advertisement message of transmission is the MAC Address of local router equipment.
Preferably, described load-balancing algorithm is a hash algorithm, the source IP address of the ARP request message that the utilization of described ARP requesting processing is received and/or source MAC and the Master router number of determining are carried out Hash calculation, determine whether that according to the Hash calculation result needs return the arp reply message, the source MAC of the arp reply message that returns is the MAC Address of local router equipment.
Preferable, router provided by the present invention also can further comprise:
The state variation processing unit, when the Interface status that is used for corresponding virtual ip address on local router becomes Up by Down, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit reception, if have only one of local router, then send source IP address for this virtual ip address, source MAC are the gratuitous ARP packet of local router device mac address, will all switch on the local router by all users of this virtual ip address and PERCOM peripheral communication to the user; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
Described state variation processing unit is further used for, when the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address becomes Down by Up on other router in backup group, judge according to the VRRP advertisement message that VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit receives whether local router is unique Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence, if then sending source IP address to the user is the gratuitous ARP packet of local router device mac address for this virtual ip address, source MAC; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
Preferably, the state variation processing unit adopts the ground load-balancing algorithm to can be hash algorithm, the state variation processing unit utilizes described virtual ip address and definite Master router number to carry out Hash calculation, determines whether that according to the Hash calculation result needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
The above has carried out further detailed description to purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect; institute is understood that; the above is not in order to restriction the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol VRRP backup group load sharing method is characterized in that this method comprises:
When disposing the interface cisco unity malfunction Down of VRRP on the router in the backup group, router is in initial Initialize state; When the interface of configuration VRRP on the router in the backup group can operate as normal Up, router directly was in active router Master state;
The router that is in the Master state outwards sends the VRRP advertisement message, and after receiving the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual internet protocol IP address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message that receives, determine whether that according to Master router number and the load-balancing algorithm determined needs return the arp reply message, if desired, then return the arp reply message to initiating the ARP requesting users; Otherwise, do not return the arp reply message.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the router of the described Master of being in state outwards sends the VRRP advertisement message and comprises: the router that is in the Master state is incorporated in all VRRP backup group information of configuration on it in VRRP advertisement message and sends, and corresponding each virtual ip address is provided with status indicator respectively in this message, is used for representing the Interface status of virtual ip address correspondence;
The VRRP advertisement message that described basis receives determines that the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence comprises: the Master router number of determining this virtual ip address correspondence according to the status indicator to should virtual ip address that carries in the VRRP advertisement message of receiving.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the media access control MAC address, source of described VRRP advertisement message is the MAC Address of the router device of this message of transmission.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the source MAC of described arp reply message is the MAC Address of the router device of this message of transmission.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described load-balancing algorithm is a hash algorithm, Master router number and load-balancing algorithm that described basis is determined determine whether that needs return the arp reply message and comprise: the source IP address of the ARP request message that utilization is received and/or source MAC and the Master router number of determining are carried out Hash calculation, determine whether that according to the Hash calculation result needs return the arp reply message.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, when the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address on the router became Up by Down, this method further comprised:
The router that Interface status changes is determined the Master router number of described virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of receiving, if have only self one, then sending source IP address to the user is that described virtual ip address, source MAC are the gratuitous ARP packet of this router self MAC address, will all switch to by all users of described virtual ip address and PERCOM peripheral communication on this router; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, when the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address on the router became Down by Up, this method further comprised:
Other router in the backup group judges according to the VRRP advertisement message of receiving whether self is unique Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence, if then sending source IP address to the user is the gratuitous ARP packet of self MAC address for this virtual ip address, source MAC; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
8. router, be arranged in the Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol VRRP backup group that comprises a plurality of routers, it is characterized in that, when disposing the interface cisco unity malfunction Down of VRRP on the router in the VRRP backup group, router in the VRRP backup group is in initial Initialize state, when the interface of configuration VRRP on the router in the VRRP backup group can operate as normal Up, the router in the VRRP backup group directly was in active router Master state
Router in this VRRP backup group comprises: VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit and ARP requesting processing, wherein,
VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit is used for when local router is in the Master state, and other router in backup group sends the VRRP advertisement message; And, receive the VRRP advertisement message that other router sends in the backup group;
The ARP requesting processing, be used for when local router is in the Master state, receive the ARP request message of Client-initiated to virtual internet protocol IP address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit reception, determine whether that according to Master router number and the load-balancing algorithm determined needs return the arp reply message, if desired, then return the arp reply message to initiating the ARP requesting users; Otherwise, do not return the arp reply message.
9. router according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit is incorporated in all VRRP backup group information that dispose on the local router in the VRRP advertisement message and sends, and corresponding each virtual ip address is provided with status indicator respectively in this message, is used for representing the Interface status of virtual ip address correspondence;
After described ARP requesting processing is received ARP request message to virtual ip address, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the status indicator that carries in the VRRP advertisement message to should virtual ip address.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described routers, it is characterized in that, described load-balancing algorithm is a hash algorithm, the source IP address of the ARP request message that the utilization of described ARP requesting processing is received and/or media access control MAC address, source and the Master router number of determining are carried out Hash calculation, determine whether that according to the Hash calculation result needs return the arp reply message, the source MAC of the arp reply message that returns is the MAC Address of local router equipment.
11. according to Claim 8 or 9 described routers, it is characterized in that this router further comprises:
The state variation processing unit, when the Interface status that is used for corresponding virtual ip address on local router becomes Up by Down, determine the Master router number of this virtual ip address correspondence according to the VRRP advertisement message of VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit reception, if have only one of local router, then send source IP address for this virtual ip address, source MAC are the gratuitous ARP packet of local router device mac address, will all switch on the local router by all users of this virtual ip address and PERCOM peripheral communication to the user; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
12. router according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described state variation processing unit is further used for, when the Interface status of corresponding virtual ip address becomes Down by Up on other router in backup group, judge according to the VRRP advertisement message that VRRP advertisement message Transmit-Receive Unit receives whether local router is unique Master router of this virtual ip address correspondence, if then sending source IP address to the user is the gratuitous ARP packet of local router device mac address for this virtual ip address, source MAC; Otherwise, determine whether that according to Master router number of determining and load-balancing algorithm needs send gratuitous ARP packet.
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