CN101312530A - Method and apparatus for smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for smoothing the transmission bit rate of time division flow media and a device. The method comprises: when the time division frame/sub frame period arrives, packaging the time division frame/sub frame; inputting video stream data into a buffer region, collecting the video stream data packed into the next sub frame, taking out the video stream data to be arranged into the buffer region; if at the system initial state, the last video data is not buffered, adopting the buffer region to directly replace the buffer region to start a next period; if the buffer region has the video data of last time, adopting its media time stamp interval to attain audio media data, packaging the video and audio media data into the frame/sub frame structure, and adopting said buffer region to replace the buffer region. The invention can effectively smooth the bit rate of time division flow media, thus is adaptive to the transmission channel demanding a limited bit rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile multimedia field, relate in particular in the mobile multi-medium system method and device time division stream media code check smoothing processing.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of the Internet and mechanics of communication, people are also increasing for the individual demand of mobile system, and the mobile multimedia technology is taken advantage of a situation under this demand exactly and given birth to.China has formed the industry standard about mobile multimedia about the also formally issue successively of industry standard of mobile multimedia technology, has promoted the industrialized development of mobile multimedia technology.
In the mobile multimedia technology, the standard criterion of channel layer and multiplex layer and technology are two parts of core the most, and in the multiplex layer standard, multiplexed sub frame is an important content.In multiplexed sub frame, Media Stream such as video and audio frequency adopts the timeline of unified benchmark, the shared zero-time of Media Stream in the same multiplexed sub frame, video unit and audio unit utilization come the timestamp of this unit of mark with respect to the relative time of zero-time.In People's Republic of China's radio, film and television industry standard " Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting part 2: multiplexing ", also stipulate, adopt multiplexed sub frame to come stream medium datas such as encapsulate video, audio frequency to transmit.Multiplexed sub frame was to transmit in the time interval with 1 second, and therefore the Streaming Media of the subframe that is re-used encapsulation has the time-division characteristic, becomes time division stream media.
Because time division stream media transmits a frame (subframe) structure by certain time interval, if come encapsulated frame (subframe) structure, then because the characteristic of medium itself will cause code check unsmooth by the same time interval of media timestamp.For example near key frame of video, code check can be bigger, and near non-key frame, code check can be smaller.And the physical channel that frame (subframe) structure transmits often requires code check to be limited within certain scope, and this just need carry out necessary smoothing processing to code stream, so that can utilize channel capacity best.
And a reality of not allowing to avoid is, it is level and smooth that existing code check smoothing technique is only done code check separately at video code flow usually, the code stream that transmit level and smooth back is not then done smoothing processing with the not strict timestamp of complying with Media Stream for audio code stream, still presses media timestamp and transmits.If directly this traditional code check smooth manner is introduced the standard criterion of " Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting part 2: multiplexing ", then can cause the video in the same multiplexed sub frame, the timestamp of audio medium stream to differ bigger, thereby make the processing procedure of system after getting Media Stream become very complicated, even can't effectively handle video and audio medium stream from multiplexed sub frame.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the timestamp of the interior video of the same multiplexed sub frame of prior art existence, audio medium stream differs shortcoming big, subsequent processes process complexity, in the hope of a kind of smoothly Media Stream code check being provided, keeping the timestamp interval of each Media Stream in same frame (subframe) structure to differ enough little and keep the initial synchronous of interior each Media Stream of same frame (subframe) simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of method of smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media, preestablish first buffering area and second buffering area, and set video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate, audio code stream average bit rate and channel width, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: when division frame/period of sub-frame arrives, encapsulation division frame/subframe;
Step 2: the video stream data input block, based on video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate, audio code stream average bit rate and channel width, collection will be encapsulated into the video stream data of next subframe, and take out video stream data, put it to first buffering area;
Step 3:, begin following one-period if the last video data of current no buffer memory is then directly replaced second buffering area with first buffering area, and returned step 1; If in second buffering area last video data is arranged, then obtain the audio frequency media data, video and audio frequency media data encapsulation in frame/subframe structure, are replaced second buffering area with first buffering area with its media timestamp interval, and return step 1, begin following one-period.
In the method for the invention, described step 2 further may further comprise the steps:
Step (a): inquire about first buffering area,, then empty as non-NULL; Otherwise recording of video is imported the 1st unit timestamp in first buffering area, and calculates the interior video data total amount corresponding to video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate of the time interval of division frame/subframe;
Step (b): get a video data unit from the video input buffer district, calculate the video data total amount in first buffering area and the data volume sum of active cell, if get sky then withdraw from;
Step (c): if the data volume sum greater than the video data total amount, then stops to get video data; Otherwise calculate the timestamp of current video data unit and the difference of the 1st unit timestamp, the result that the product and the addition of described data volume sum of described audio code stream average bit rate and described difference obtained is as possible video, amount of audio data summation; If the result greater than channel width, then stops to get video data; Otherwise the current video data unit is put into first buffering area, returns step (b).
In the method for the invention, in multichannel voice frequency code stream situation, the code check summation of getting a plurality of audio streams constitutes the audio code stream average bit rate.
In the method for the invention, in the described step 3,, then can further comprise if the video data of last time collecting is arranged in second buffering area:
Step (a): for the video data of last time collecting in second buffering area, getting its initial and end timestamp is benchmark, after keeping necessary surplus, adopt the poor of described first timestamp and necessary surplus, with described tail timestamp and necessary surplus and as new timestamp interval, again collect the voice data in this interval,, then abandon it if the voice data early than the difference of first timestamp and necessary surplus is arranged;
Step (b): the middle audio frequency media data of collecting of video, step (a) with collecting in second buffering area are encapsulated in frame/subframe structure according to frame/sub-frame formats;
Step (c): replace second buffering area with first buffering area, with the video data of this collection video media-data as next encapsulated frame/subframe.
The device of smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media provided by the invention comprises that the frame package module, video data processing module and the buffer memory that connect successively substitute module;
Described frame package module encapsulates division frame/subframe when division frame/period of sub-frame arrives;
Described video data processing module is collected the video stream data that will be encapsulated into next subframe, and takes out video stream data, puts it to first buffering area;
Described buffer memory substitutes module and directly replace second buffering area with first buffering area when the last video data of current no buffer memory, when in second buffering area, last video data being arranged, then obtain the audio frequency media data with its media timestamp interval, video and audio frequency media data encapsulation in frame/subframe structure, are replaced second buffering area with first buffering area.
In device of the present invention, described video data processing module further comprises video data total amount module, data laminating module and data decision/processing module;
Described video data total amount module is inquired about first buffering area, as non-NULL, then empties; Otherwise recording of video is imported the 1st unit timestamp in first buffering area, and calculates the interior video data total amount corresponding to video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate of the time interval of division frame/subframe;
Described data laminating module is got a video data unit from the video input buffer district, calculate the video data total amount in first buffering area and the data volume sum of active cell;
Described data decision/processing module stops to get video data during greater than the video data total amount in described data volume sum; When described data volume sum is less than or equal to the video data total amount, calculate the timestamp of current video data unit and the difference of the 1st unit timestamp, the result that the product and the addition of described data volume sum of described audio code stream average bit rate and described difference obtained as possible video, amount of audio data summation as possible video, amount of audio data summation.
When the present invention will be encapsulated into the video data of next division frame (subframe) lining in taking-up, all be constraints by video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv, audio code stream average bit rate Ra and channel width B, can effectively guarantee the video data of encapsulation in the frame (subframe), comply with the video reception code check of level and smooth mistake; Simultaneously,, can keep the timestamp interval of each Media Stream in same frame (subframe) structure to differ enough little, keep the initial synchronous of each Media Stream of same frame (in the subframe) according to the interval voice data of collecting of video time; Each video data of collecting with the last time can avoid occurring the situation that needed audio stream data is not also received as foundation.Thereby the code check of well realizing time division stream media is level and smooth, to adapt to the transfer channel to the limited bit rate provisioning request better.Simultaneously, this method can be avoided because of waiting for that code stream that synchronous voice data causes is obstructed or losing situation such as data, keeps the quality of the Streaming Media that transmitted.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the correlation function piece schematic diagram that the method for the invention relates to;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the method for the invention is further described.
The correlation function piece that the method for the invention relates to is seen accompanying drawing 1, mainly is to implement in division frame code check smoothing processing module, and certainly, the method for the invention also is applicable to the anabolic process of this functional block and other functional part.
As can be seen from Figure 1, the code stream of stream input is the Media Stream that comprises video, audio code stream.Video in the Media Stream, audio frequency can be the code streams independently separately of RTP transmission means, also can be the such composite bit streams of TS system flow.The time stamp modular converter is according to the requirement of division frame (subframe), with the different media flows that receives, stamp desired stamp unified time of frame (subframe) (division frame timestamp) by the time synchronized relation, some parameters that are used for Rate Control are as video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv, audio code stream average bit rate Ra, channel width B etc.
Division frame code check smoothing processing module then is to implement the main functional modules of the method for the invention, in needs encapsulation division frame (subframe), get once the current video flowing of receiving, press the constraints of video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv, audio code stream average bit rate Ra and channel width B, taking-up will be encapsulated into the video data of next division frame (subframe) lining; Get the timestamp interval of video data then, reach the corresponding audio bit stream data according to this timestamp interval again, video, the audio frequency that takes out is encapsulated in the same division frame (subframe) goes.
Because front end video flowing, audio stream often adopt is timestamp benchmark independently separately, output also is relatively independent, video, audio stream data on a time synchronized point, it is far away that its time of reception may differ, in this case, use the timestamp interval of the video code flow that rigidly connects receipts simply, reach the corresponding audio data, the situation that the audio stream data of needs is not also received just may appear, and in the Streaming Media environment, go to wait for that this interval voice data can cause a lot of reluctant situations.
For avoiding the generation of the problems referred to above, the method for the invention takes buffering to handle.In the method for the invention, set video, audio stream data on the time synchronized point, its time of reception difference maximum is no more than certain threshold value (as the time interval T of division frame/subframe).
Get two buffering area BUF1, buffering area BUF2 in advance, get video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv, audio code stream average bit rate Ra and channel width B, and handle (as shown in Figure 2) according to following step.
When one, needing encapsulation division frame (subframe), from the video input buffer district, press the constraints of video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv, audio code stream average bit rate Ra and channel width B, collection will be encapsulated into the video stream data of next subframe, and the video stream data of taking-up is put into buffering area BUF1;
If two current be initial situation, do not have the video data that last time of buffer memory collects, then replace buffering area BUF2 with buffering area BUF1, forward step 3 to; If the last video data of collecting is arranged among the buffer memory buffering area BUF2, then get the audio frequency media data with its media timestamp interval, will look the audio frequency media data encapsulation in frame (subframe) structure, replace buffering area BUF2 with buffering area BUF1;
Three, enter following one-period, the above-mentioned processing that begins from step 1 circulates.
In fact, three constraintss in the described step 1 its role is to make the stream of video data of encapsulation to keep level and smooth, and video data adds that total bandwidth of Media Stream does not exceed channel bandwidth limitations behind the voice data simultaneously.Step 1 further comprises following step:
If a buffering area BUF1 non-NULL then empties; Otherwise the 1st its time stamp T of unit in the recording of video input block
F0Calculate the video data total amount Bv of the interior corresponding Rv of time interval T of division frame (subframe);
B, get a video data unit from the video input buffer district, calculate the video data total amount among the buffering area BUF1 and the data volume sum Sum of active cell;
If c Sum then stops to get video data greater than video data total amount Bv; Otherwise calculate the timestamp and the T of current video data unit
F0Difference T
Diff, calculate Sum+Ra*T
Diff, as possible video, amount of audio data summation.If the result greater than channel width B, then stops to get video data, otherwise the current video data unit is put into buffering area BUF1;
If d does not have " stopping to get video data ", then the step that b begins is carried out in circulation.
Illustrate: described channel width B is meant the media stream data amount that the interior channel of the time interval T of division frame (subframe) can transmit.And Sum+Ra*T
DiffIn Ra represent the audio code stream average bit rate, for the situation that the multichannel voice frequency code stream is arranged, the code check summation that can get a plurality of audio streams constitutes audio code stream average bit rate Ra, is undertaken by above-mentioned steps again.
In described step 2,, then can further comprise if the last video data of collecting is arranged among the buffering area BUF2:
A, the video data that the last time collects from buffering area BUF2 are got its initial and end time stamp T
Start, T
EndBe benchmark, stay necessary surplus Δ T up and down after, use T
Start-Δ T and T
End+ Δ T removes to collect voice data in this interval as the timestamp interval, if having early than T
StartThe audio frequency of-Δ T then abandons it;
B, with video, the audio frequency media data of collecting, be encapsulated in the frame (subframe structure) according to frame (subframe) form and go;
C, usefulness buffering area BUF1 replace buffering area BUF2, and the video data conduct of this collection soon is the video media-data of encapsulated frame (subframe) next time.
In the method for the invention, owing to all be constraints at every turn by video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv, audio code stream average bit rate R and channel width B, taking-up will be encapsulated into the video data of next division frame (subframe) lining, can guarantee the video data of encapsulation in the frame (subframe) like this, comply with the video reception code check of level and smooth mistake.Simultaneously, remove to collect voice data, can keep the timestamp interval of each Media Stream in same frame (subframe) structure to differ very little, keep the initial synchronous of each Media Stream of same frame (in the subframe) by the video time interval.And each video data of collecting with the last time can avoid occurring the situation that needed audio stream data is not also received as foundation.
Device of the present invention comprises that the frame package module, video data processing module and the buffer memory that connect successively substitute module; Described frame package module encapsulates division frame/subframe when division frame/period of sub-frame arrives; Described video data processing module is collected the video stream data that will be encapsulated into next subframe, and takes out video stream data, puts it to the first buffering area BUF1; Described buffer memory substitutes module and directly replace the second buffering area BUF2 with the first buffering area BUF1 when the last video data of current no buffer memory, when in the second buffering area BUF2, last video data being arranged, then obtain the audio frequency media data with its media timestamp interval, video and audio frequency media data encapsulation in frame/subframe structure, are replaced the second buffering area BUF2 with the first buffering area BUF1.
Wherein, described video data processing module further comprises video data total amount module, data laminating module and data decision/processing module; Described video data total amount module is inquired about the first buffering area BUF1, as non-NULL, then empties; Otherwise recording of video is imported the 1st unit time stamp T in first buffering area
F0, and the interior video data total amount Bv corresponding to video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate Rv of the time interval T of calculating division frame/subframe; Described data laminating module is got a video data unit from the video input buffer district, calculate the video data total amount among the first buffering area BUF1 and the data volume sum Sum of active cell, if get sky then withdraw from; Described data decision/processing module stops to get video data during greater than video data total amount Bv in described data volume sum; When being less than or equal to video data total amount Bv, described data volume sum calculates timestamp and the 1st unit time stamp T of current video data unit
F0Difference T
Diff, calculate Sum+Ra*T
Diff, as possible video, amount of audio data summation.
As can be seen, adopt the method for the invention, can well realize that the code check of time division stream media is level and smooth, to adapt to transfer channel better to the limited bit rate provisioning request.Simultaneously can keep the timestamp interval of each Media Stream in same frame (subframe) structure to differ very little, keep the initial synchronous of each Media Stream of same frame (in the subframe), make things convenient for the subsequent treatment on frame (subframe) basis.Certainly, the method for the invention can also be avoided because of waiting for that code stream that synchronous voice data causes is obstructed or losing situation such as data, keeps the quality of the Streaming Media that transmitted.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media preestablishes first buffering area and second buffering area, and sets video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate, audio code stream average bit rate and channel width, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: when division frame/period of sub-frame arrives, encapsulation division frame/subframe;
Step 2: the video stream data input block, based on video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate, audio code stream average bit rate and channel width, collection will be encapsulated into the video stream data of next subframe, and take out video stream data, put it to first buffering area;
Step 3:, begin following one-period if the last video data of current no buffer memory is then directly replaced second buffering area with first buffering area, and returned step 1; If in second buffering area last video data is arranged, then obtain the audio frequency media data, video and audio frequency media data encapsulation in frame/subframe structure, are replaced second buffering area with first buffering area with its media timestamp interval, and return step 1, begin following one-period.
2, the method for smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 2 further may further comprise the steps:
Step (a): inquire about first buffering area,, then empty as non-NULL; Otherwise recording of video is imported the 1st unit timestamp in first buffering area, and calculates the interior video data total amount corresponding to video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate of the time interval of division frame/subframe;
Step (b): get a video data unit from the video input buffer district, calculate the video data total amount in first buffering area and the data volume sum of active cell, if get sky then withdraw from;
Step (c): if the data volume sum greater than the video data total amount, then stops to get video data; Otherwise calculate the timestamp of current video data unit and the difference of the 1st unit timestamp, the result that the product and the addition of described data volume sum of described audio code stream average bit rate and described difference obtained is as possible video, amount of audio data summation; If the result greater than channel width, then stops to get video data; Otherwise the current video data unit is put into first buffering area, returns step (b).
3, the method for smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in multichannel voice frequency code stream situation, the code check summation of getting a plurality of audio streams constitutes the audio code stream average bit rate.
4, the method for smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 3, if the video data of last time collecting is arranged in second buffering area, then can further comprise:
Step (a): for the video data of last time collecting in second buffering area, getting its initial and end timestamp is benchmark, after keeping necessary surplus, adopt the poor of described first timestamp and necessary surplus, with described tail timestamp and necessary surplus and as new timestamp interval, again collect the voice data in this interval,, then abandon it if the voice data early than the difference of first timestamp and necessary surplus is arranged;
Step (b): the middle audio frequency media data of collecting of video, step (a) with collecting in second buffering area are encapsulated in frame/subframe structure according to frame/sub-frame formats;
Step (c): replace second buffering area with first buffering area, with the video data of this collection video media-data as next encapsulated frame/subframe.
5, a kind of device of smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media is characterized in that, comprises that the frame package module, video data processing module and the buffer memory that connect successively substitute module;
Described frame package module encapsulates division frame/subframe when division frame/period of sub-frame arrives;
Described video data processing module is collected the video stream data that will be encapsulated into next subframe, and takes out video stream data, puts it to first buffering area;
Described buffer memory substitutes module and directly replace second buffering area with first buffering area when the last video data of current no buffer memory, when in second buffering area, last video data being arranged, then obtain the audio frequency media data with its media timestamp interval, video and audio frequency media data encapsulation in frame/subframe structure, are replaced second buffering area with first buffering area.
6, the device of smoothing transmission code rate of time division stream media according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described video data processing module further comprises video data total amount module, data laminating module and data decision/processing module;
Described video data total amount module is inquired about first buffering area, as non-NULL, then empties; Otherwise recording of video is imported the 1st unit timestamp in first buffering area, and calculates the interior video data total amount corresponding to video flowing smoothing code stream bit rate of the time interval of division frame/subframe;
Described data laminating module is got a video data unit from the video input buffer district, calculate the video data total amount in first buffering area and the data volume sum of active cell;
Described data decision/processing module stops to get video data during greater than the video data total amount in described data volume sum; When described data volume sum is less than or equal to the video data total amount, calculate the timestamp of current video data unit and the difference of the 1st unit timestamp, the result that the product and the addition of described data volume sum of described audio code stream average bit rate and described difference obtained as possible video, amount of audio data summation as possible video, amount of audio data summation.
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| CN101984667A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-03-09 | 北京数码视讯科技股份有限公司 | Code rate control method and code rate controller |
| CN101996662A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-03-30 | 深圳市万兴软件有限公司 | Method and device for connecting and outputting video files |
| CN101771865B (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2011-11-16 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Video and audio control response, bandwidth adapting method, and server |
| CN103514225A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-15 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Multiplexing method and device of data source |
| CN107040844A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-08-11 | 蒂雅克股份有限公司 | Control device |
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| CN110519627A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 | A kind of synchronous method and device of audio data |
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| ATE191116T1 (en) * | 1996-03-02 | 2000-04-15 | Thomson Brandt Gmbh | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING DIGITAL VIDEO DATA |
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| CN101771865B (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2011-11-16 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Video and audio control response, bandwidth adapting method, and server |
| CN101996662A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-03-30 | 深圳市万兴软件有限公司 | Method and device for connecting and outputting video files |
| CN101996662B (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2012-08-08 | 深圳市万兴软件有限公司 | Method and device for connecting and outputting video files |
| CN101984667A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-03-09 | 北京数码视讯科技股份有限公司 | Code rate control method and code rate controller |
| CN101984667B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-30 | 北京数码视讯科技股份有限公司 | Code rate control method and code rate controller |
| CN103514225B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2016-12-21 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | The multichannel multiplexing method of a kind of data source and device thereof |
| CN103514225A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-15 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Multiplexing method and device of data source |
| CN107040844A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-08-11 | 蒂雅克股份有限公司 | Control device |
| CN107040844B (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2019-08-27 | 蒂雅克股份有限公司 | Control equipment |
| WO2019084970A1 (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Packet forwarding method, forwarding device, and network device |
| US11245634B2 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2022-02-08 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Time-sensitive networking (TSN) packet forwarding |
| US11677671B2 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2023-06-13 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Time-sensitive networking (TSN) packet forwarding |
| CN110519627A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 | A kind of synchronous method and device of audio data |
| CN110519627B (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2021-05-14 | 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 | Audio data synchronization method and device |
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