CN101309808A - 制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线 - Google Patents
制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一个将树脂制门饰部件自动固定在树脂制门饰主体上的制造门饰板的过程;以及相应的制造流水线。树脂制门饰部件和与其连接的可变形构件是暂时装配在树脂制门饰主体上的。在制造流水线的变形机构(3)中,装配了超声波振荡器(2)的电气缸(10)在上限方向伸展和收缩,并可通过球形螺栓机构(12)在水平面内旋转。对于暂时使树脂制门饰部件装配在树脂制门饰主体上的可变形构件,超声波振荡器(2)通过电气缸(10)和球形螺栓机构(12)的推动相对靠近,并产生超声波辐射。因此,随着可变形构件的变形,相应处的树脂制门饰部件就被固定在树脂制门饰主体上了。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造用于车辆内部的门饰板的方法及其装配流水线。
背景技术
制造用于车辆内部的门饰板的常规过程基本依赖手工作业。首先,大多数不同形状的树脂制的门饰部件,和不同类型的在其变形态下用于装配树脂制门饰部件的可变形构件,是暂时手工地安装在树脂制的门饰基底上的。接着这些暂时安装的可变形构件,通过手工工具使其手工变形以便将树脂制门饰部件固定在树脂制门饰基底上,这样门饰板就装配好了。
如上所述,目前这样的操作基本依赖于手工劳动。没有现有技术文件描述这样操作所用的技巧。例如,为了将每个定位在树脂制门饰基底上的树脂制门饰部件固定,工人应该为对应于所要固定的树脂制门饰部件的可变形构件手工分配适合的手工工具。因为每个手工工具都被设计成仅适用于一种树脂制门饰基底,它缺乏一般的广泛用途。因此,如果某一形状或某一类型的树脂制门饰基底被换成了另外一种,那手工工具也应该被换成另一种适合新的基底使用的手工工具。此外,因为工人操作手工工具应该根据树脂制的门饰部件所要固定的位置进行移动,所以使用手工操作异常笨重。
考虑到前述的情况,本发明的目的是提供一种制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线,该方法操作简单而且应用广泛。
发明内容
这里所使用的“门饰板”这个词,涉及到一个通过可变形构件将树脂制门饰部件固定在树脂制门饰基底上的产品。一个或几个装饰用的小部件等可以被装设在门饰板上,该门饰板是根据本发明所述的制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线所制造的。
本发明一方面提供一种装配门饰板的方法,其中将树脂制门饰部件固定在树脂制门饰基底上。该方法包含暂时将树脂制门饰部件和与其连在一起的可变形构件装在树脂制门饰基底上;移动一附属装置使其面对并接近相应的可变形构件,该附属装置具有使可变形构件变形的功能,这是通过一支撑附属装置的可移动支撑工具来实现的;对相应可变形构件应用附属装置的功能使构件变形,这样暂时安装在树脂制门饰基底上的树脂制门饰部件就通过可变形构件的变形被固定在那里,以生产门饰板。
本发明另一方面是提供一条装配门饰板的装配流水线,其中树脂制门饰部件被固定在树脂制门饰基底上。该装配流水线包含暂时将树脂制门饰部件和与其连在一起的可变形构件安装在树脂制门饰基底上的工具;可移动的支撑附属装置的支撑工具,其中,每个附属装置具有使相应可变形构件变形的功能以及将附属装置向对置方向移动,向相应的可变形构件靠近及从相应的可变形构件缩回;运送树脂制门饰基底的运送工具,该树脂制门饰基底上暂时安装有树脂制门饰部件和可变形构件;第一传送工具,用以将运送工具从暂时安装部分传送到支撑工具;一个将门饰板从运送工具分离的部分,其中,门饰板通过第一传送工具经由运送工具被传送到支撑工具,这样树脂制门饰部件就通过附属装置的变形功能被固定在树脂制门饰基底上了;用以将运送工具从分离门饰板的位置传送到暂时安装部分的第二传送工具。
较佳的选择为,每个支撑工具是以一个单元的形式配置的,这样支撑工具的数量可以增加或减少。
在本发明的一个实施例中,每个支撑工具包含了多个垂直移动的机构,该机构用以移动各自的附属装置到各自预先确定的平面,这样各自的附属装置就与各自的可变形构件相对;以及一横向移动机构,该机构用以横向移动各自的附属装置,其中该附属装置与各自的可变形构件相对,这样各自的附属装置就能与各自的可变形构件接近和缩回。
较佳的装配流水线进一步包括一用以自动控制附属装置、垂直移动机构和横向移动机构的控制器。
在本发明所述的制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线中,树脂制门饰部件和可变形构件可以是多个的,以使其符合,比如门饰板的形状。在本案例里,使用多个支撑工具以致多个被其支撑的使可变形构件变形的附属装置的每个功能包括产生超声波,咬合爪的变形,***的变形,或螺栓的变形。
为了使可变形构件变形,如上所述的本发明所述的制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线中使用一可移动的支撑工具用以支撑一个或多个附属装置。每个附属装置具有使相应可变形构件变形的功能。这样就代替了使用常规手工工具的工人操作。
每个附属装置通过支撑工具紧靠或从相应的可变形构件缩回,应用附属装置使相应的可变形构件变形,这样每个暂时安装在树脂制门饰基底上的树脂制门饰部件就被固定上了。
附图说明
图1为本发明门饰板装配流水线的一个实施例的俯视图解。
图2为图1沿虚线A部分的延伸图解。
图3为图2的前视图。
图4为图3视图的右视图。
图5为图3中沿箭头B-B的剖视图。
具体实施方式
参考图1的俯视图来解释本发明用以制造门饰的装配流水线的外形。按照从上游部分(图1的左边)到下游部分(图1的右侧)的顺序,安置在制造门饰的装配流水线上的有多个用于暂时安装的装置(暂时安装工具)1,用于暂时将树脂制门饰部件(未视)和与其连接的可变形构件(未视)装在树脂制门饰基底上,多个通过可变形构件的变形将树脂制门饰部件固定在树脂制门饰基底上的变形机构(支撑工具)3,和一用以推出门饰板的垂直移动推出器7,其中树脂制门饰部件被固定安装在树脂制门饰基底上。每个用以将树脂制门饰部件和可变形构件定位在树脂制门饰基底上的安装装置1可以是自动化装配流水线中的常规工业机器人。
参考图1至图5来详细描述门饰装配流水线。如图2、图3和图4所示,每个变形机构3支撑了多个附属装置2,每个附属装置2都具有使可变形构件变形的功能,这样附属装置2就能垂直移动到各自的可选择的平面。该变形机构3包括一构架9,其中成型钢被装配成矩形结构,多个用来垂直移动附属装置2的电气缸(垂直移动工具)10,和一具有多个伺服马达11(图3)的球形螺栓机构(横向移动工具)12,该伺服马达11装在构架9上使电气缸10在水平面内旋转。每个变形机构3可配置成一个独立单元,这样所安装的变形机构3的数量可增可减。
装配流水线还包括多个夹具4,该夹具与一机械压盘(传送工具)(图3和图4)相似,定位有树脂制门饰部件的树脂制门饰基底位于该夹具上,一上带式运送机(第一传送工具)5,和一下带式运送机(第二传送工具)6(图3和图4)。上、下带式运送机5、6被安置在变形机构3中,这样预定的垂直间隔就在它们之间形成了,用以在变形机构3中传递夹具4。
在夹具4的背面,一格状的夹持构件13(图3、图4和图5)枢接地安装在夹具4上,这样它就能向上和向下旋转以在它和夹具间支撑树脂制门饰基底。
该垂直移动推出器7将参考图1来描述,在其顶部位置(未视)从夹具4除去门饰板,其中树脂制门饰部件被固定在树脂制门饰基底上。门饰板通过上带式运送机5被传送到推出器7,该上带式运送机在流水线上从上游往下游运转。该垂直移动推出器7在其最低位置(未视)将空的与门饰板分离的夹具4放置在下运送机6上,该下运送机6在流水线上从下游往上游运转。
在上、下游之间连续安置单独的变形机构3,如图1所示。虽然各自的变形机构3的基本设计是一样的,但在每个使可变形构件变形的变形机构上的附属装置2(图2、图3和图4)的功能是互不相同的。分别装在变形机构上的附属装置2的功能包括通过超声波变形,咬合爪的变形,***的变形和螺栓的变形,流水线上游的附属装置到下游的附属装置按这种顺序排列。但在本发明中使用的变形机构的功能不仅限于这些例子。
在多个变形机构3中,如图2、图3和图4所示,最上面那个的功能是通过产生超声波使可变形构件变形。较佳的选择为,每个变形机构3可支撑一附属装置2,这样一个附属装置可被替换成另一个。根据,比如可变形构件的形状等,具有某种特殊变形功能的附属装置可被替换成具有另一种变形功能的附属装置。
不同的附属装置2,电气缸10和伺服马达11都电气连接到控制器20上来控制它们,图1简要解释了该控制器20。
本发明门饰的制造流水线可包括一可选的步骤以进一步加工门饰板。在此步骤中,树脂制门饰部件和树脂制门饰基底完全装配好了。该制造流水线可进一步包括带式运送器14用以运送门饰板并在其上附加例如小饰品等。
在如上安置、解释的制造流水线中,在定位部分中,树脂制门饰部件和可变形构件被定位到树脂制门饰基底上,该树脂制门饰基底被夹持构件13和夹具4夹紧。
其上有树脂制门饰基底的夹具4接着通过上带式运送器5被传送到一变形机构3。然后球形螺栓机构12中的伺服马达11被一从控制器20发出的操作指令信号驱动,移动附属装置2至与相应可变形构件相对的平面上。提供至伺服马达11的操作指令信号是预置的,以使每个附属装置2面向相应的定位在树脂制门饰基底上的可变形构件。
接着控制器20通过电气缸10的延伸降低附属装置2,该附属装置2事先已经位于面向相应可变形构件的平面,这样附属装置2就接近到相应的可变形构件。在这样一个位置,控制器20应用附属装置2对相应的可变形构件的功能,例如,在本实施例中,位于最上游的变形机构3的附属装置的功能是产生超声波。将超声波应用于相应的可变形构件使其变形,这样树脂制门饰部件就通过变形的可变形构件被固定在树脂制门饰基底上了。
这样一个通过变形机构3的附属装置2的变形过程在其它变形机构3中也被执行,这样其他可变形构件就被各自的附属装置2处理,例如,通过超声波的变形,咬合爪的变形,***的变形或者螺栓的变形。因此,定位在树脂制门饰基底上的树脂制门饰部件就通过不同的可变形构件被固定在树脂制门饰基底上以生产门饰板。
其上有门饰板的夹具4通过上带式运送器5从位于最下游的变形机构3,图的右边,被传送到推出器7,在这里门饰板从夹具4分离。
与门饰板分离之后的空夹具4被推进器7降低,这样它被放在下带式运送器6上位于流水线最下游的变形机构3的下面。接着空夹具4通过下带式运送器6经过其它变形机构3下面回到安装装置1。
每个树脂制门饰部件被固定在树脂制门饰基底上的门饰板可重复以上过程被间歇地制造。
从夹具4分离下来的门饰板通过以下过程传送,例如,如图1所示的带式运送器14。
由于以上实施例只用于说明本发明而不是限制本发明,可以有不同的修改。例如,以制造门饰板的方法及其装配流水线制造的门饰板可通过其后过程进一步安装小饰品,或可涂上油漆。以本发明所述的方法制造的门饰板也包括那些具有进一步应用步骤的门饰板。类似地,本发明的装配流水线也可选择地包括那些具有进一步应用步骤的装配流水线。
Claims (9)
1、一种将树脂制门饰部件固定在树脂制门饰基底上的装配门饰板的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
将所述的树脂制门饰部件和与其连接的可变形构件暂时安装在所述的树脂制门饰基底上;
通过一支撑工具移动附属装置使其面对并靠近相应的可变形构件,该附属装置具有使所述可变形构件变形的功能,该支撑工具可移动支撑所述附属装置;并且,
应用所述附属装置使所述相应的可变形构件变形,这样所述暂时安装在所述树脂制门饰基底上的树脂制门饰部件就通过所述可变形构件的变形被固定,以此生产门饰板。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述树脂制门饰部件和所述可变形构件是多个。
3、如权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述支撑工具是多个,并且其中由多个所述支撑工具支撑的附属装置,具有的使可变形构件变形的功能包括产生超声波,咬合爪的变形,***的变形或者螺栓的变形。
4、一条将树脂制门饰部件固定在树脂制门饰基底上装配门饰板的装配流水线,所述装配流水线包括:
用于暂时将所述树脂制门饰部件和与其连接的可变形构件安装在树脂制门饰基底上的工具;
用于可移动支撑附属装置的支撑工具,每个附属装置都具使相应可变形构件变形的功能,该支撑工具移动所述附属装置使其与相应可变形构件相对、接近和缩回;
用于运送所述树脂制门饰基底的工具,该树脂制门饰基底上暂时安装有所述树脂制门饰部件和所述可变形构件;
用于将所述运送工具从暂时安装部分传递至所述支撑工具的第一传送工具;
用于将所述门饰板从所述运送工具上分离的分离部分,其中所述门饰板通过第一传送工具经由所述运送工具传送到所述支撑工具,这样所述树脂制门饰部件就通过所述附属装置的变形功能被固定在所述树脂制门饰基底上了;并且,
用于将所述运送工具从将所述门饰板分离下来的位置传送至所述暂时安装部分的第二传送工具。
5、如权利要求4所述的装配流水线,其中所述支撑工具是多个,且各自的被多个所述支撑工具支撑的用以变形所述可变形构件的附属装置的功能包括产生超声波,咬合爪的变形,***的变形或者螺栓的变形。
6、如权利要求5所述的装配流水线,其中所述支撑工具支撑一个附属装置,这样其能够被另一个附属装置替换。
7、如权利要求5所述的装配流水线,其中每个支撑工具被配置成一个单元,这样支撑工具的数量可增可减。
8、如权利要求7所述的装配流水线,其中每个支撑工具可移动地支撑所述附属装置,并且移动所述附属装置使其面对和接近相应的可变形构件;包括:
多个将各自附属装置移动至各自预定的平面的垂直移动机构,这样所述的各自附属装置就与相应可变形构件相对;并且
一用于横向移动所述各自的附属装置的横向移动机构,其中,该附属装置与各自的可变形构件相对,这样所述各自的附属装置就能与各自的可变形构件接近和缩回。
9、如权利要求8所述的装配流水线,其中该流水线进一步包括一用以自动控制所述附属装置、所述垂直移动机构和所述横向移动机构的控制器。
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