CN101301602B - Method for preparing gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent - Google Patents

Method for preparing gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101301602B
CN101301602B CN2008100580393A CN200810058039A CN101301602B CN 101301602 B CN101301602 B CN 101301602B CN 2008100580393 A CN2008100580393 A CN 2008100580393A CN 200810058039 A CN200810058039 A CN 200810058039A CN 101301602 B CN101301602 B CN 101301602B
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China
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mercury
vermiculite
less
coal
present
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CN101301602A (en
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马丽萍
王建英
宁平
贺克雕
杜亚雷
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation of an absorbent for absorbing and purifying the gaseous elementary mercury, which is made from the vermiculite which is modified by hydrochloric acid, namely, mixing 2-6 mol/L hydrochloric acid and the vermiculite as the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2-4,laying for 6-8 hours, putting the mixture into the mill furnace at the temperature of 105-110 degreeC, activating for 20-24 hours, taking out and grinding to less than 200 meshes, drying in the mill furnace until the water ratio is less than 5%, and then the modified vermiculite adsorption is obtained. The absorption effect of the sorbent of the present invention is better than the active carbon for trace gaseity elementary mercury in the coom smoke gas or the other industrial tail gas. When purifying the tail gas containing elementary mercury less than 100ug/m<3>, the absorption capability of the elementary mercury can reach 3.2ug/g-6.0ug/g. The preparation of the present invention is especially used for occasions need to control mercury in the tail gas, such as coal-fired power plant, garbage incinerator and some chemical production factories.

Description

A kind of preparation method of gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gaseous elemental mercury removing pollutant treatment technology.The preparation field that belongs to chemosorbent.
Two, background technology
Mercury is trace element in coal, but the environmental pollution that it may cause but is the problem of people's special concern.The nearest data analysis of U.S. environmental protection general administration and the United Nations shows, the annual discharging naturally in the whole world and anthropogenic discharge's mercury approximately are 4400-7500t, wherein U.S. anthropogenic discharge mercury accounts for 3% (132-225t/yr) of the total mercury emissions in the whole world greatly, wherein the discharging of coal-burning power plant's mercury accounts for 1% of the total mercury emissions in the whole world, promptly accounts for 33% (44-75t/yr) of the artificial mercury emissions of the U.S..The mercury that discharges from coal-burning boiler has three kinds of forms: simple substance mercury (Hg 0), the mercury (Hg of oxidation state +And Hg 2+) and the mercury of particulate form.Because mercuric compound has very high water-soluble, particle mercury can be caught by deduster, so the mercury of these two kinds of forms is removed than being easier to relatively, and simple substance mercury is owing to pass through the atmosphere transportation of long distance easily in atmosphere, and form global mercury pollution, its mean residence time in atmosphere reaches half a year to two year, is one of form the most rambunctious.Therefore, to being controlled to of simple substance mercury pollution the emphasis and the difficult point of current research.On March 15th, 2005, Environmental Protection Agency has announced " atmosphere cleaning mercury bill ", purpose is exactly the emission problem of long-term control coal-burning power plant mercury, target is controlled within 38 tons to mercury emission in 2010 exactly, be controlled within 15 tons to mercury emission in 2018, discharge capacity than 1999 nearly reduces 70%.
As primary energy, its mode of utilizing mainly is burning in China at China's coal, and annual 84% of the coal of producing of China is directly used in burning.For a long time, the ratio of coal in China's energy consumption structure is very high always.According to prediction, by 2015, coal also will account for 62.6%, even to the year two thousand fifty, coal still accounts for more than 50%.So not only present, and in a quite long period, China will be difficult to change based on the energy consumption structure of coal.The pollution control problem that this shows coal-fired mercury is the SO that continues 2Get the problem of human concern with another fiducial value after the NOx.
The domestic and international at present control method to gaseous state trace simple substance mercury mainly concentrates on adsorbents adsorb and removes the aspect.What wherein study more comparatively maturation is exactly the charcoal absorption technology.Can be by following dual mode with the mercury in the charcoal absorption flue gas: a kind of powdered active carbon that before particulate removal device, sprays into; Another kind is that flue gas is passed through activated carbon adsorption bed.Directly adopt active carbon adsorption removal of mercury efficient higher, also often be injected into some chemical substances in the activated carbon, the common chemical material has the compound of iodine, chlorine, bromine and sulphur etc., in order to the suction-operated of enhanced activity carbon to simple substance mercury.At present removing of simple substance mercury mainly concentrated on the adsorbent Study on Additive.The researcher wishes to increase the adsorbance of adsorbent to simple substance mercury greatly by adding certain reagent, though research has also obtained certain achievement.But owing to utilize charcoal absorption method cost too high, coal fired power plant is difficult to bear, and modified activated carbon has increased the cost of active carbon on the one hand, and the reason owing to technical elements is difficult to large-scale manufacturing again on the other hand.So become the obstacle that this technology is further applied.
In addition, the flying dust that produces in the coal-fired process also can adsorb the mercury in the flue gas, and flying dust also is a key factor that influences the form distribution of mercury in the flue gas.Studies show that the phosphorus content height is very favourable to the absorption of mercury in the flying dust.But also have research to think, the phosphorus content that increases considerably flying dust can not improve the ability of absorption mercury.
Administer the bigger U.S. of research investment at the coal-fired flue-gas mercury pollution, EPA (EPA) has adopted calcium base class material (as CaO, Ca (OH) 2, CaCO 3, CaSO 4.2H 2O etc.) research mercury removes.Discover that calcium base class material has much relations, Ca (OH) to the chemical species that mercury in the removal efficiency of mercury and the flue gas exists 2To HgCL 2Adsorption efficiency can reach 85%, the alkaline adsorbent that contains CaO is to HgCL 2Adsorption effect also fine, but Ca-base adsorbent is but very low to the adsorption efficiency of simple substance mercury.Therefore unsatisfactory to the removal effect of mercury in the coal-fired flue-gas.The research of at present relevant Ca-base adsorbent still is in the laboratory research stage, also is not used for industrial practice.
In the exploitation fume mercury-removing adsorbent, to the removing of mercury, U.S. PSI is with the adsorbent of zeolitic material as the control of Industrial Boiler mercury emissions as adsorbent research for the also useful zeolite of researchers, kaolin, titanium type oxide, noble metal etc.At present just be devoted to find suitable additive, so that increase substantially the adsorption capacity of zeolite to mercury.
In addition, plasma technique also is used to the removal research of coal-fired flue-gas mercury.SO in the plasma treatment coal-fired flue-gas 2, NO xExisting successful application.Because the concentration of mercury is very low in the coal-fired flue-gas, defy capture, plasma is used for the research of fume mercury-removing and few.
Patent of invention CN1059673A invents a kind of HZSM-5 zeolite/vermiculite catalyst, be a kind of with the zeolite new zeolite catalyst of embedding life on natural vermiculite organically, be applied to the isomerization of dimethylbenzene, contain isomerization, toluene disproportionation, methanol toluene alkylation and the propylene aromatization of the dimethylbenzene of ethylbenzene.
Patent of invention CN101049942A invents a kind of hydrosol of vermiculite and its production and application, can evenly disperse in meeting material, can be applied directly to various material surfaces, material is formed hydrosol of vermiculite of effective protection and its production and application.Be mainly used in the fresh-keeping packaging material of fire-proof heat-insulating material, vegetable and fruit, dyeing waste water, the processing of waste water such as heavy metal-containing waste water.
Three, summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is, a kind of preparation method of gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent is provided, and is raw material with the vermiculite, with the salt pickling bath liquor vermiculite is carried out modification and handles, Hg 0Be oxidized to Hg 2+Removed, under 105-110 ℃ of temperature, activated again, obtained being applicable to the adsorbent of coal-fired flue-gas or the central micro-gaseous elemental mercury of other industrial tail gas.To containing simple substance mercury<100ug/m 3Tail gas clean-up the time, its adsorption capacity to simple substance mercury can reach 3.2ug/g-6.0ug/g.
Two of purpose of the present invention is, the application conditions of above-mentioned adsorbent is provided.
Technical scheme:
The present invention is raw material with the vermiculite, and its chemical component weight percentage is: SiO 237~42%, Al 2O 39~17%, Fe 2O 35~18%, MgO 11~23%, H 2O 5~11%, total amount 100%; Raw material is crushed to less than 120 orders, and the hydrochloric acid that with concentration is 2-6mol/L flooded ageing 6-8 hour then by solid-liquid weight ratio 1: 2-4 and vermiculite mixing and stirring; Place mixture heating furnace under 105-110 ℃ of temperature, to activate 20-24 hour; Taking-up is milled to less than 200 orders then, places resistance furnace to dry to moisture content<5wt% again, obtains the product adsorbent.
With the prepared adsorbent of the method, to containing micro-simple substance mercury (<100ug/m 3) tail gas clean-up the time, the adsorption capacity of simple substance mercury can reach 3.2ug/g-6.0ug/g under the normal temperature.
Compare advantage and the good effect that has with known technology:
The present invention adopts the salt pickling bath liquor that vermiculite is carried out modification and handles, thereby the difficult Hg that removes 0Be oxidized to Hg 2+Removed.By studies show that its efficient that removes mercury of vermiculite absorbent after the modification can reach 3.2ug/g-4.8ug/g, PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE is favourable to the adsorption capacity of mercury under 120 ℃ of-200 ℃ of high temperature especially, but under this higher temperature, be disadvantageous to charcoal absorption mercury, the optimal adsorption temperature of activated carbon is to be lower than 100 ℃, and actual coal-fired flue-gas after UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN exhaust temperature about 100 ℃-250 ℃, so utilizing vermiculite is favourable as the adsorbent of coal-fired flue-gas mercury, specific activity carbon has better applicability.This adsorbent can be widely used in the adsorption cleaning of micro-gaseous elemental mercury in high temperature coal flue gas and other industrial waste gases, is specially adapted to the occasion of mercury emissions control in the flue tail gas, as coal-burning power plant, garbage burning boiler and some Chemical Manufacture producers.
Four, the specific embodiment
Further specify the solution of the present invention and effect below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
With vermiculite chemical component weight percentage be: SiO 2: 32.45%, Al 2O 3: 15.53%, Fe 2O 323.85%, MgO 12.85%, and CaO 2.28%, K 2O 2.36%, H 2Pulverize after the O 10.68% flotation removal of impurities and ground 120 mesh sieves.Taking by weighing the 2g vermiculite adds in 4mol/L hydrochloric acid (the every liter of ≈ 1000 grams) solution of 4.8ml, stir, leave standstill dipping ageing 6 hours, place it in then and place resistance furnace under 105 ℃~110 ℃ temperature, to activate 20h in the container, take out then and be milled to that " 200 orders are positioned over once more to dry by the fire in the resistance furnace to moisture content<5wt% and obtain the product adsorbent.
Embodiment 2
With drying and crushing after vermiculite (chemical composition is identical with example 1) the flotation removal of impurities, ground 120 mesh sieves.Taking by weighing the 2g vermiculite adds in the 2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution of 5.0ml, stir, leave standstill dipping ageing 8 hours, place it in then and place resistance furnace under 110 ℃ of conditions, to activate 24h in the container, taking-up is milled to less than 200 orders then, is positioned over once more in the resistance furnace and obtains the product adsorbent behind the baking 2h.
Embodiment 3
Press example 1 prepared adsorbent, adsorption conditions is mercury entrance concentration 72.59ug/m 3, the adsorbent granularity is less than 200 orders, reaction velocity 7000hr -1, adsorption temp is selected 25 ℃-30 ℃ for use, and adsorption capacity is the 5.5ug/g adsorbent, and adsorption capacity only is 1.16ug/g under the unmodified vermiculite original soil similarity condition.
Embodiment 4
Vermiculite absorbent of the present invention and the contrast of acticarbon adsorption capacity.Press example 1 preparation adsorbent, adsorption conditions is mercury entrance concentration 34.8ug/m 3, reaction velocity 7000hr -1, absorbent particles is all got less than 200 orders, 140 ℃ of reaction temperatures.The active carbon adsorption capacity is the 3.2ug/g adsorbent as a result, and the mercury adsorption capacity of adsorbent of the present invention is the 8.3ug/g adsorbent.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of a gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent is characterized in that: it is implemented by following technical scheme,
With the vermiculite is raw material, is crushed to less than 120 orders, and the hydrochloric acid that with concentration is 2-6mol/L flooded ageing 6-8 hour then by solid-liquid weight ratio 1: 2-4 and vermiculite mixing and stirring; Place mixture heating furnace under 105-110 ℃ of temperature, to activate 20-24 hour; Taking-up is milled to less than 200 orders then, places resistance furnace to dry to moisture content<5wt% again, obtains the product adsorbent.
2. the preparation method of gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the material chemical component percentage by weight is: SiO 232.45%, Al 2O 315.53%, Fe 2O 323.85%, MgO 12.85%, and CaO 2.28%, K 2O 2.36%, H 2O 10.68%.
CN2008100580393A 2008-01-18 2008-01-18 Method for preparing gaseous mercury absorbing and purifying agent Expired - Fee Related CN101301602B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103143320B (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-17 山东科技大学 Active carbon/zeolite shaped composite material for removing elemental mercury in coal-burned flue gas and preparation method thereof
CN104741074A (en) * 2015-04-07 2015-07-01 石河子大学 Method for preparing expanded vermiculite adsorbent
CN105967319A (en) * 2016-05-30 2016-09-28 安庆丰源化工有限公司 Fluorine chemical wastewater treating agent and preparation method thereof
CN108371238A (en) * 2018-02-10 2018-08-07 汪逸凡 A kind of feed takes off mould dose of preparation method
CN109012569A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-12-18 东南大学 A kind of Ca-base adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN110449119A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-15 光大生态环境设计研究院有限公司 Method and device of the preparation for the adsorbent of garbage incinerating power plant
CN110614090A (en) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-27 杨皓 Process for activating, deactivating and removing organic matter active carbon by using gas boiler flue gas
CN113663641A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-11-19 航天环境工程有限公司 Preparation method and application of novel mercury removal adsorbent

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