CN101295146B - Toner, developing agent for electrostatic image development, apparatus and equipment using them - Google Patents
Toner, developing agent for electrostatic image development, apparatus and equipment using them Download PDFInfo
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- CN101295146B CN101295146B CN2007101702016A CN200710170201A CN101295146B CN 101295146 B CN101295146 B CN 101295146B CN 2007101702016 A CN2007101702016 A CN 2007101702016A CN 200710170201 A CN200710170201 A CN 200710170201A CN 101295146 B CN101295146 B CN 101295146B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
- G03G21/0011—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium using a blade; Details of cleaning blades, e.g. blade shape, layer forming
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
- G03G21/007—Arrangement or disposition of parts of the cleaning unit
- G03G21/0076—Plural or sequential cleaning devices
- G03G21/0082—Separate cleaning member for toner and debris
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
- G03G21/18—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements using a processing cartridge, whereby the process cartridge comprises at least two image processing means in a single unit
- G03G21/1803—Arrangements or disposition of the complete process cartridge or parts thereof
- G03G21/1814—Details of parts of process cartridge, e.g. for charging, transfer, cleaning, developing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a toner for electrostatic image development, a developing agent and apparatuses and devices using them. The toner contains a grinding agent which has 10-40% of sticking rate (A) expressed by following formula (1): Sticking rate (A)=B/(B+C)*100 [Formula (1)]; in the formula (1), B represents the weight of grinding agent adhered to the toner after applying ultrasonic vibration (an output of 60W, a frequency of 20kHz) for 15 minutes to a dispersion liquid with toner dispersed and removing the grinding agent floating on the surface of toner; C represents the weight of the removed grinding agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrostatic image developing toner and its manufacturing approach, electrostatic charge image developer, toner Cartridge, handle box and imaging device.
Background technology
In electrophotography, usually, image forms through a plurality of steps; On the surface of the photoreceptor that has used the photoconductivity material (sub-image maintenance body), form electrostatic latent image through various means with electric mode; Utilize developer with formed latent electrostatic image developing to form toner image; (can use in case of necessity) afterwards toner image is transferred to the surface of accepting material like paper etc. like intermediate transfer bodies such as paper, and through heating, pressurization or both actings in conjunction with toner image.In addition, through using the cleaning of scraper to remove the toner that remains on the photosensitive surface usually.
In this circulation, for example not the transfer printing toner, pollutants such as atomizing toner, discharging product and paper powder etc. are residual or attached on photoreceptor or the intermediate transfer body; Can remove these pollutants through using scraper or brush.On the other hand, for example cleaning member such as scraper or brush scraping photoreceptor or intermediate transfer body; Thus, based on the viewpoint of mar resistance and wearing quality, need to keep suitable pollutant is removed and the ability that obtains high quality image steady in a long-term from photosensitive surface.
In order to improve mar resistance and wearing quality, attempted lubricity material or abrasive property material are added in the toner.For example, proposed a kind of method (opening the 2000-89502 communique), wherein lubricant has been added in the developer on photoreceptor, to form film, improved easy spatter property thus and suppressed the wearing and tearing of photoreceptor referring to the spy.Also proposed to be intended to another kind of method (for example, opening the 2001-51571 communique) referring to the spy through providing the lubricant feeding unit to prolong the photoreceptor life-span.In another method that has proposed, (for example, open the 2005-4051 communique) referring to the spy, thus will be not the transfer printing toner to be deposited in scraper terminal and be used as the lubricant feeding unit and keep and be prone to spatter property and life-saving (long-time stability).The another kind of clean method that has proposed (opening the 2001-13837 communique referring to the spy) contacts Clean-scraper at photoreceptor contact site provides the cleaning additive of a kind of particle diameter less than the particle diameter of toner with the width of 50～100 μ m, to improve easy spatter property.Also further proposed a kind of method (opening the 2005-115311 communique), the mechanism that protective agent is coated photosensitive surface wherein is provided, thereby suppressed the uneven wear of photoreceptor and prolonged the life-span referring to the spy.
Summary of the invention
Sub-image keeps the wear process of body following: at first, sub-image keeps the superficial layer of body by the discharge of Charging system institute deterioration, has increased surfaceness thus, and when Clean-scraper is pressed onto the position of deterioration with this position of scratch, so cause wearing and tearing.At this moment; Toner, cleaning additive and be deposited in electrostatic latent image from the inorganic particulate that the outside is added into toner and keep the contact site between body and the Clean-scraper, and they influence wearing and tearing unevenness between the degree of wear and each position (sub-image maintenance axon to wearing and tearing unevenness).Especially, keeping the existence of the hard high rigidity particle (like lapping compound) in surface than sub-image is a key factor of influence wearing and tearing.In other words, find to make said lapping compound to be evenly distributed on contact site and can suppress uneven wear effectively.
Yet the lapping compound that in the past added in the toner shows the strong adhesion to toner.Therefore, lapping compound is present in the zone (image portion) that forms image, and then there is not lapping compound in (non-image portion) in the zone that does not form image.As a result, the picture pattern (image density) that sub-image keeps having abrasive-free to depend in the contact site between body and the cleaning device and will form, and be difficult to control the unevenness that lapping compound distributes.
Providing of the present invention relates to can effectively be suppressed electrostatic image developing toner, the method for making this toner, the electrostatic charge image developer that contains this toner, the toner Cartridge that accommodates this toner that sub-image keeps the uneven wear of body, accommodated the handle box of this electrostatic charge image developer and can effectively suppress the imaging device that sub-image keeps the uneven wear of body and high quality image can be provided.
The problems referred to above can be solved by the present invention as follows.
First scheme of the present invention provides a kind of electrostatic image developing toner.Said toner comprises lapping compound, and said lapping compound has 10%～40% the adhesive rate (A) by following formula (1) expression:
Adhesive rate (A)=B/ (B+C) * 100 formula (1)
In formula (1); B represent to the dispersion liquid that is dispersed with said toner apply 15 minutes ultrasonic vibration (output: 60W; Frequency: 20kHz) and remove the weight that is attached to the lapping compound of said toner after the said lapping compound that swims on the said toner surface, C representes the weight of the above-mentioned lapping compound of removing.
According to first scheme, can effectively suppress the uneven wear that sub-image keeps body.
Alternative plan of the present invention provides like the described electrostatic image developing toner of first scheme, and wherein, the adhesive rate of said lapping compound (A) is 15%～35%.
According to alternative plan, can more effectively suppress the uneven wear that sub-image keeps body.
Third party's case of the present invention provides like the described electrostatic image developing toner of first scheme, and wherein, the adhesive rate of said lapping compound (A) is 20%～30%.
According to third party's case, can more effectively suppress the uneven wear that sub-image keeps body.
Cubic case of the present invention provide as first to third party's case each described electrostatic image developing toner; Wherein, Lapping compound described in first scheme is cerium oxide or boron nitride, and the total addition level of said lapping compound is the 0.5 weight %～3 weight % based on whole toner components.
According to cubic case, can effectively suppress the uneven wear that sub-image keeps body.
The 5th scheme of the present invention provides a kind of method of making electrostatic image developing toner.When said method is included in and packs the toner coatingparticles into toner Cartridge lapping compound is added in the said toner coatingparticles.
According to the 5th scheme, can make a kind of electrostatic image developing toner that can effectively suppress the uneven wear of sub-image maintenance body at an easy rate.
The 6th scheme of the present invention provides the method for the manufacturing electrostatic image developing toner described in the 5th scheme; Wherein, said method also comprises: after the said toner coatingparticles of preparation and before said toner Cartridge that said toner coatingparticles is packed into, said lapping compound is joined in the said toner coatingparticles; And; Wherein, said lapping compound is cerium oxide or boron nitride, and the total addition level of said lapping compound is the 0.5 weight %～3 weight % based on whole toner components.
According to the 6th scheme, can make a kind of electrostatic image developing toner that can effectively suppress the uneven wear of sub-image maintenance body at an easy rate.
The 7th scheme of the present invention provides a kind of electrostatic charge image developer.Said developer comprises toner at least, and said toner is each described electrostatic image developing toner in first to fourth scheme.
According to the 7th scheme, can effectively suppress the uneven wear that sub-image keeps body.
All directions of the present invention case provides a kind of toner Cartridge, and said toner Cartridge accommodates toner at least.Said toner is each described electrostatic image developing toner in first to fourth scheme.
According to all directions case, can supply at an easy rate and can effectively suppress the electrostatic image developing toner that sub-image keeps the uneven wear of body, thus the maintenance of raising characteristic.
The 9th scheme of the present invention provides a kind of handle box, and said handle box has developer at least and keeps body.Said handle box accommodates the described electrostatic charge image developer of the 7th scheme.
According to the 9th scheme, can operate at an easy rate and can effectively suppress the electrostatic charge image developer that sub-image keeps the uneven wear of body, and can improve the compatibility with the imaging device of various formations.
The tenth scheme of the present invention provides a kind of imaging device, and said imaging device comprises: sub-image keeps body; The latent electrostatic image developing that developing cell, said developing cell use each described electrostatic image developing toner of first to fourth scheme will be formed on the said sub-image maintenance body is toner image; Transfer printing unit, said transfer printing unit will be formed at said sub-image and keep the said toner image on the body to be transferred to the material that can be transferred toner image; And cleaning unit, said cleaning unit is pressed onto said sub-image with Clean-scraper and keeps on the body to remove not transfer printing residual component.
According to the tenth scheme, can effectively suppress the uneven wear that sub-image keeps body, so can obtain high quality image.
The 11 scheme of the present invention provides like the described imaging device of the tenth scheme; Wherein, Described not transfer printing residual component is deposited in said sub-image and keeps the contact site between body and the said Clean-scraper; And in the not transfer printing residual component of described accumulation, the concentration of said lapping compound is 5 weight %～25 weight %.
According to the 11 scheme, the excessive wear that sub-image keeps body can be suppressed satisfactorily, and, the easy spatter property that sub-image keeps the surface of body can be improved because it has excellent grainding capacity, realize the formation of high quality image thus.
The 12 scheme of the present invention provides like the described imaging device of the 11 scheme, and wherein, in the not transfer printing residual component of described accumulation, the concentration of said lapping compound is 6 weight %～20 weight %.
According to the 12 scheme, the excessive wear that sub-image keeps body can be more effectively suppressed, and, the easy spatter property that sub-image keeps the surface can be improved because it has more excellent grainding capacity, realize the formation of high quality image thus.
The 13 scheme of the present invention provides like the described imaging device of the 11 scheme, and wherein, in the not transfer printing residual component of described accumulation, the concentration of said lapping compound is 7 weight %～15 weight %.
According to the 13 scheme, the excessive wear that sub-image keeps body can be more effectively suppressed, and, the easy spatter property that sub-image keeps the surface can be improved because it has more excellent grainding capacity, realize the formation of high quality image thus.
Description of drawings
This paper will carry out detailed explanation to illustrative embodiments of the present invention according to following accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the formation synoptic diagram of the instance of a demonstration described imaging device of scheme of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of the yellow unit in the imaging device shown in Figure 1; With
Fig. 3 is the formation synoptic diagram of the instance of a demonstration described handle box of scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment
< electrostatic image developing toner >
In electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention, the adhesive rate (A) by following formula (1) expression of lapping compound is 10%～40%:
Adhesive rate (A)=B/ (B+C) * 100 formula (1)
(in formula (1); B represent to the dispersion liquid that is dispersed with said toner apply 15 minutes ultrasonic vibration (output: 60W; Frequency: 20kHz) and after removing the lip-deep said lapping compound that swims in said toner be attached to the weight of the lapping compound of said toner; In said dispersion liquid, the weight of the lapping compound that C representes to remove through said process.)
The inventor thinks; In the said electrostatic image developing toner in the lapping compound adhesive rate is in above-mentioned scope (hereafter is " toner "); The ratio of the lapping compound that adhesion is stronger is 10%～40%, and the more weak lapping compound of adhesion is present in the surface of toner mostly.The more weak lapping compound of adhesion is in floating state between as the surface of the developing cell of development means and surface that sub-image keeps body; And no matter the surface portion that this lapping compound adhered to is in image portion or is in non-image portion, it all can be attached to the surface that sub-image keeps body.In transfer process, the lapping compound that is attached to non-image is not transferred on the medium that can be transferred toner image, but arrives at the contact site between Clean-scraper and the sub-image maintenance body, and is deposited in the there; Therefore, the uneven distribution of lapping compound can obtain gratifying inhibition, and the influence of the picture pattern that does not receive to form.
In this manual, the more weak lapping compound of adhesion will be called as " floating lapping compound ", and the stronger lapping compound of adhesion will be called as " adhering to lapping compound ".Can be through (output: 60W, frequency: whether the observation particular abrasive removes to confirm that from toner surface this lapping compound is floating lapping compound or adheres to lapping compound under situation 20kHz) in the ultrasonic vibration that the dispersion liquid that is dispersed with toner is applied 15 minutes.
< < calculating the method for lapping compound adhesive rate>>
To illustrate in greater detail the method for calculating adhesive rate (A) below.
At first, toner is dispersed in the dispersion liquid.Be that 60W and frequency are under the condition of 20kHz ultrasonic vibration to be put on this dispersion liquid 15 minutes in output power then; Floating lapping compound is removed and reclaimed from toner surface, and the remaining toner in the dispersion liquid (floating lapping compound has been removed and has adhered to the toner that lapping compound still adheres to) is leached.Can be through measuring the content of lapping compound in the toner that the distinctive fluorescent X-ray of this lapping compound obtains to leach.Particularly, use the known sample making typical curve of toner and abrasive levels in advance, can from the fluorescent X-ray of the toner that leaches is measured, obtain the amount of adhering to lapping compound (B).In addition, the amount of floating lapping compound (C) can obtain through the weight of measuring the floating lapping compound of removing and reclaiming through said method.According to formula (1), can calculate the adhesive rate (A) of lapping compound.
As the ultrasonic vibration generating means that applies ultrasonic vibration, used UltrasonicGenerator Model US-300TCVP (trade name is made by Japan smart machine society).As the dispersion liquid that is dispersed with electrostatic image developing toner, used the WS of the surfactant (NONIN HS 240 is by already making with the pure pharmaceutical worker of light) of the 0.2 weight % of 40ml.As the device that is used for measuring fluorescent X-ray, used fluorescent X-ray analysis instrument XRF1500 (trade name is made by Shimadzu Seisakusho Ltd.).Said measurement uses rhodium (Rh) to manage as X-ray tube to carry out 30 minutes analysis time under the condition of 40kv and 70mA.
All adhesive rates (A) described in this instructions are the calculated value according to said method.
The adhesive rate of lapping compound more preferably 15%～35% in the toner, is preferably 20%～30% especially.
The toner of lapping compound adhesive rate in above-mentioned scope can make according to the method for following manufacturing electrostatic image developing toner.
< making the method for electrostatic image developing toner >
The lapping compound that when method of the described manufacturing electrostatic image developing toner of embodiment of the present invention is included in and packs the toner coatingparticles into toner Cartridge lapping compound is added in the toner coatingparticles adds step.When toner Cartridge that the toner coatingparticles is packed into, lapping compound added under the situation in the said toner coatingparticles, can control the amount of the floating lapping compound in this toner.
Based on the viewpoint of the amount of adhering to lapping compound in the control toner, except that above-mentioned lapping compound adds step, can also after preparation toner coatingparticles and before the toner Cartridge that this toner coatingparticles is being packed into, add the also step of agitation grinding agent.Hereinafter; Described step of adding also agitation grinding agent after preparation toner coatingparticles and before the toner Cartridge that this toner coatingparticles is being packed into is called " first lapping compound adds step ", and described step of when packing the toner coatingparticles into toner Cartridge, lapping compound being added in the toner coatingparticles is called " second lapping compound adds step ".
The method of described manufacturing electrostatic image developing toner will be described according to sequence of steps below.
(1) makes the toner coatingparticles
Said toner coatingparticles has no particular limits with regard to its manufacturing approach.For example, can use the coatingparticles of making through following method: the also kneading comminuting method of classification is mediated, pulverized to adhesive resin, colorant, detackifier and charged controlling agent; Make the method for the particle distortion that obtains by said kneading comminuting method through mechanical impact force or heat energy; The emulsion polymerization agglutination; Wherein will disperse liquid-phase mixing and make its aggegation and heating is merged, to obtain the toner coatingparticles by one or more of the formed dispersion liquid of the emulsion polymerization of the polymerisable monomer that is used to form adhesive resin and colorant, detackifier and charged controlling agent; One or more solution of the polymerisable monomer that is used to form adhesive resin and colorant, detackifier and charged controlling agent are suspended in the aqueous medium to carry out the suspension polymerization of polymerization; Be suspended in the aqueous medium to carry out the dissolving suspension method of granulation with one or more solution adhesive resin and colorant, detackifier and charged controlling agent.
In addition, can use known method, thereby for example on the toner coatingparticles of the conduct nuclear that obtains through said method, form the manufacturing approach that coating forms nucleocapsid structure again.But,, preferably used emulsion polymerization, emulsion polymerization agglutination and the dissolving suspension method of aqueous medium, particularly preferably be the emulsion polymerization agglutination based on the viewpoint of control shape and size distribution.
The toner coatingparticles contains adhesive resin and colorant etc., can contain detackifier and/or charged controlling agent in case of necessity.Its volume average particle size is preferably 2～12 μ m, more preferably 3～9 μ m.
The volume average particle size of toner coatingparticles (cumulative volume mean grain size) is obtained in the following manner: through MULTISIZER II (trade name; By Beckmann-Coulter Co.; Ltd. manufacturing) record size distribution; Counting in the particle size range (section) of dividing based on measured each, from the small particle diameter side track down and recover the cumulative volume distribution curve, with this cumulative volume distribution curve on 50% corresponding particle diameter as said volume average particle size.
Based on the viewpoint that obtains high development property, transfer printing property and high image quality, the shape coefficient SF1 of toner coatingparticles is preferably 100～140, and more preferably 125～140.
Here, the shape coefficient SF1 of toner coatingparticles refers to the value by following formula (2) expression.
SF1=(ML
2/ A) * (π/4) * 100 formulas (2)
In formula (2), SF1 representes the shape coefficient of toner, and ML representes the absolute maximum length of toner coatingparticles, and A representes the projected area of toner coatingparticles.
Here; The absolute maximum length of the toner coatingparticles that occurs in the formula (2) and the projected area of toner coatingparticles obtain in the following manner: with optical microscope (trade name: MICROPHOTO-FXA; By Nikon Co.; Ltd. manufacturing) shooting obtains the toner particle image under 500 x magnifications; The image information that is obtained is imported image analyzer (trade name: LUZEX III, made by Nireco Corporation) through interface, try to achieve said absolute maximum length and projected area thus to carry out graphical analysis.The mean value that shape coefficient SF1 can be used as the data that obtained through 1000 toner coatingparticles measuring grab sample obtains.
To each composition that be used for making the toner coatingparticles be described below.
Adhesive resin
The instance of available adhesive resin comprises the homopolymer and the multipolymer of following monomer: like styrene such as styrene and chlorostyrenes; Like mono-olefin and isoprene such as ethene, propylene, butylene; Like vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, propionate, vinyl benzoate and lactic acid vinyl acetate; Like alpha-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, dodecylacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi, butyl methacrylate and lauryl methacrylates; Like vinyl ether such as vinyl methyl ether, EVE and vinyl butyl ethers; With like vinyl ketones such as ethenyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone and vinyl isopropenyl ketones.Special representative's property instance of adhesive resin comprises polystyrene, styrene-propene acid alkyl ester multipolymer, styrene-alkyl methacrylate multipolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, SB, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, tygon and polypropylene.The example also comprises polyester, polyurethane, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyamide, modified rosin and paraffin.
Colorant
The representative instance of colorant comprises like magnetics such as MAG or ferrite, carbon black, aniline blue, Charcoil indigo plant, chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, Du Pont's oil red, quinoline yellow, chloro methylene blue, phthalocyanine blue, oxalates malachite green, dim, rose-red, C.I. pigment red 4 8:1, C.I. pigment red 122, C.I. paratonere 57:1, C.I. pigment yellow 97, C.I. pigment yellow 17, C.I. pigment blue 15: 1 with the C.I. pigment blue 15: 3.
Based on 100 weight portion adhesive resins, the content of colorant can be 1～30 weight portion in the toner coatingparticles.In addition, can use surface treated colorant.It also is effective using pigment dispersing agent.Can obtain Yellow toner, magenta toner, cyan toner or black toner through the kind of selecting colorant.
Other compositions
The representative instance of detackifier comprises low molecular weight polyethylene, low-molecular-weight polypropylene, fischer-tropsch wax, montan wax, Brazil wax, rice wax and candelila wax.
In addition, the instance of internal additives comprises like magnetic materials such as ferrite, MAGs, like metals such as reduced iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese and the alloy and the compound that contain these metals.
Can charged controlling agent be added in the toner coatingparticles.As charged controlling agent, can use known charged controlling agent, can also use azo is metal complex, salicylic acid metal complex and the charged controlling agent of resin type that contains polar group.Toner can be that inside contains the magnetic color tuner of magnetic material or do not contain the nonmagnetic toner of magnetic material.
(2) first lapping compounds add step
In the method for making toner, adhere to the viewpoint of the amount of lapping compound based on control and can carry out first lapping compound interpolation step.Add in the step at first lapping compound, after the toner coatingparticles produces and before toner Cartridge that this toner coatingparticles is packed into, add and mixed-abrasive.
As adding (the outside interpolation) lapping compound in the toner, can use common lapping compound.The example comprises the inorganic particulate of cerium oxide, strontium titanates, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, silit, zinc paste, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, boron nitride, calcium pyrophosphate, zirconia, barium titanate, calcium titanate or lime carbonate.In addition, can use the compound substance of these inorganicss.In described abrasive particle, cerium oxide preferably.
Abrasive particle can be used such as following reagent and handle: titanium coupling agent, like butyl titanate, metatitanic acid four monooctyl esters, three isostearoyl isopropyl titanates, three (decyl benzene sulfonyl) isopropyl titanate or two (dioctylphyrophosphoric acid) oxyacetate titanate; Or silane coupling agent, like γ-(2-amino-ethyl) TSL 8330, γ-(2-amino-ethyl) aminopropyl methyl dimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, N-β-(N-vinyl benzyl amino-ethyl)-gamma-amino propyl trimethoxy silicane hydrochloride, hexamethyldisilazane, MTMS, butyl trimethoxy silane, isobutyl trimethoxy silane, hexyl triethoxysilane, octyl group trimethoxy silane, decyl trimethoxy silane, dodecyl trimethoxy silane, phenyltrimethoxysila,e, o-methyl-phenyl-trimethoxy silane or p-methylphenyl trimethoxy silane.In addition, can carry out the hydrophobization processing through using like higher fatty acid slaines such as silicone oil, aluminium stearate, zinc stearate or calcium stearates.
With before the toner coatingparticles mixes, can carry out like processing such as heating, pulverizing or classifications abrasive particle.
As for the particle diameter of abrasive particle, the number average primary particle size is preferably 0.1 μ m～3 μ m, and more preferably 0.3 μ m～1 μ m is preferably 0.5 μ m～0.8 μ m especially.
The number average primary particle size can record according to following method.With ESEM (trade name: SEM:S-4700 is made by Hitachi, Ltd.) abrasive particle of adding to from the outside the toner is carried out the observation (enlargement factor: 50000 times) of 100 visual fields.To carrying out the measurement of 1000 points, with the mean value of measurement result number average primary particle size as abrasive particle with the particle diameter of the corresponding round particle of image area of each abrasive particle (through particle picture being approximately the mean value of the circular longer diameter that is obtained and shorter diameter).
The particle diameter of the abrasive particle described in this instructions (number average primary particle size) all calculates according to said method.
Add in the step at first lapping compound, can use known mixer such as V-stirring machine, Henschel mixer or Redige mixer to carry out the interpolation and the mixing of lapping compound.
In addition, at this moment, can add various other adjuvants.The instance of examples of such additives comprises like cleaning additive and transfer printing auxiliary agents such as fluidizing agent, polystyrene particle, polymethylmethacrylate particle or PVDF particles.
As with lapping compound and toner coatingparticles method of mixing; Can abrasive particle be mixed with the toner coatingparticles separately; Perhaps add in the toner coatingparticles together abrasive particle and other adjuvants and mixing; Perhaps in advance abrasive particle is added to also to mix in the toner coatingparticles and add other adjuvants and mixing afterwards again, perhaps in advance other external additives are added to also to mix in the toner coatingparticles and add abrasive particle and mixing afterwards again.Can after said mixing, sieve step.
(3) second lapping compounds add step
In the method for making toner, based on the viewpoint of the amount of controlling floating lapping compound, carry out second lapping compound and add step, when the toner coatingparticles that wherein in above-mentioned steps, is obtained is packed toner Cartridge into lapping compound is added.
Add used lapping compound in the step as second lapping compound, available lapping compound can be used in second lapping compound interpolation step in first lapping compound interpolation step.
Add in the step at second lapping compound; Can lapping compound be added in the toner coatingparticles through following method: one of method; The lapping compound of scheduled volume is put into the toner particle funnel from the lapping compound adding set, and said funnel is configured in and is used for pack into the top of filling device of toner Cartridge of toner coatingparticles; Perhaps two of method; With the lapping compound input port be configured to be used for pack into the filler of toner Cartridge of toner coatingparticles mutually arranged side by side, thereby with pack into toner Cartridge the and simultaneously lapping compound of scheduled volume directly being put into the toner Cartridge from said lapping compound input port of toner coatingparticles.
When packing toner into toner Cartridge with the carrier that is used to form two-component developing agent, said second lapping compound that is used to add lapping compound when can be in that the toner coatingparticles is mixed with carrier packing this developer into toner Cartridge after making developer adds step.
Add step 1 from first lapping compound and add step up to second lapping compound; The total addition level of said lapping compound is preferably the 0.5 weight %～3 weight % based on whole toner components; More preferably 0.6 weight %～2.5 weight % are preferably 0.7 weight %～2.0 weight % especially.
When carrying out first lapping compound interpolation step; Amount based on the amount that will adhere to lapping compound and floating lapping compound is controlled at the viewpoint in the favourable scope; First lapping compound adds the addition of lapping compound in the step and the ratio that second lapping compound adds the addition of lapping compound in the step (addition in first lapping compound interpolation step: second lapping compound adds the addition in the step) is preferably 1: 1～1: 4, more preferably 1: 1～1: 2.
< electrostatic charge image developer >
Said electrostatic image developing toner can directly use as monocomponent toner or with the two-component developing agent form.When this toner when the two-component developing agent, this toner to be using with the form of the potpourri of carrier, and, as stated, with toner with carry out second lapping compound interpolation step in the said method for preparing toner after carrier mixes.
Carrier available in the two-component developing agent has no particular limits, the knowledge carrier of can selecting oneself.The example comprises iron oxide, the resin-coated carrier and the magnetic decentralized carrier of resin-coated layer is arranged like magnetic metals such as nickel and cobalts, like magnetic oxides such as ferrite and MAG, core surface.Said carrier can be that conductive material is dispersed in the resin dispersion type carrier in the matrix resin.
The instance of used coated with resin or matrix resin is including, but not limited to tygon, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, PVC, polyvingl ether, polyvinyl ketone, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene-propene acid copolymer, the pure silicon ketone resin that contains the organosiloxane key or its modified product, fluoride resin, polyester, polycarbonate, phenolics and epoxy resin in this carrier.
Examples of conductive materials including, but not limited to: like metals such as gold, silver and copper, carbon black, titanium dioxide, zinc paste, barium sulphate, aluminium borate, potassium titanate and tin oxide.
In addition, the instance of the core of carrier comprises like magnetic metals such as iron, nickel and cobalts, like magnetic oxide and beaded glasses such as ferrite and MAGs.When in the magnetic brush method, using carrier, magnetic material preferably.The volume average particle size of the core of carrier is generally 10～500 μ m, is preferably 30～100 μ m.
The surface of the core of carrier can apply through following method with resin, for example, comprises with the coating that contains the coated with resin that is dissolved in suitable solvent and various adjuvants forming the method that applies the core surface with solution.Said solvent has no particular limits, and the type of the coated with resin that can consider to use is come selective solvent with coating adaptability.
The instance of concrete resin coating method comprises that the carrier core is immersed in coating to be formed to form with solution with the infusion process in the solution, with coating and be sprayed onto the spray-on process on carrier core surface, coating formed to be sprayed onto the fluidized bed process on the carrier core floating with moving air and carrier core and coating formed with solution with solution in the coating machine of kneading, mix and then except that the coating machine method of kneading of desolvating.
In addition, can heat-treat then on the carrier core or high shear force is handled and formed coat film through microgranular coated with resins and adjuvant being mixed and being attached to.
The mixing ratio of toner and carrier (weight ratio) is preferably " toner: carrier=1: 100～30: 100 " in the two-component developing agent, more preferably " toner: carrier=3: 100～20: 100 ".
< imaging device >
To describe imaging device below.
A described imaging device of scheme of the present invention comprises: sub-image keeps body; Developing cell, said developing cell will be formed at sub-image with toner and keep latent electrostatic image developing on the body to form toner image; Transfer printing unit, said transfer printing unit will be formed at sub-image and keep the toner image on the body to be transferred to the material that can be transferred said toner image; And cleaning unit, said cleaning unit is pressed onto sub-image with Clean-scraper and keeps on the body to remove the residual component of not transfer printing, and said toner is above-mentioned electrostatic image developing toner.
In said imaging device; The residual component of transfer printing is not deposited in the contact site between sub-image maintenance body and the Clean-scraper; And in the not transfer printing residual component of piling up (hereafter is " an accumulation composition "); The concentration of said lapping compound is preferably 5 weight %～25 weight %, and more preferably 6 weight %～20 weight % are preferably 7 weight %～15 weight % especially.
The total addition level through controlling the lapping compound in the used toner of this imaging device and the adhesive rate (promptly adhering to the amount of lapping compound and the amount of floating lapping compound) of lapping compound through control; When can be controlled in the suitable scope at addition, the concentration of piling up lapping compound in the composition be controlled in the above-mentioned scope the lapping compound in the toner.
Particularly, can consider that following formula (3) controls the total addition level of the lapping compound in the toner and the adhesive rate of lapping compound:
(a)={ (b)+(c) }/{ (d)+(c) } * 100 formulas (3)
A: the concentration (weight %) of piling up lapping compound in the composition
B: the amount of the lapping compound that contains in the not transfer printing residual component in the image portion=
(area (the m of the average image portion
2)) * (toner development amount (g/m of per unit area in the image portion
2)) * (adding the total concentration (weight %)/100 of the lapping compound in the toner to) * (adhesive rate of lapping compound (%)/100) * (100-transfer efficiency (%))/100
C: be attached to the amount of non-image lapping compound=
(average non-image area (m
2)) * (lapping compound adhesion amount (g/m of non-image middle per unit area
2))
D: the amount of the not transfer printing residual component in the image portion=
(area (the m of the average image portion
2)) * (toner development amount (g/m of per unit area in the image portion
2)) * (100-transfer efficiency (%))/100
" the toner development amount of per unit area in the image portion ", " transfer efficiency " and " the lapping compound adhesion amount of non-image middle per unit area " can record according to following method respectively.
The measurement of the toner development amount of per unit area in the image portion
On sub-image maintenance body, form the developed image of the picture pattern that can form image on the spot, in the operation that is about to handle this developed image pressure before stopping imaging device through transfer step with predetermined area.Keep the developed image on the body to be transferred to known being with of area sub-image, thereby and measure the development amount that weight is obtained per unit area.
The measurement of transfer efficiency
Keep forming on the body developed image of the picture pattern that can form image on the spot at sub-image, and after this developed image has experienced transfer step, force to stop the operation of imaging device immediately with predetermined area.Transfer printing there is the residual not transfer printing toner on the part of this developed image be transferred to known being with of area, and measures its weight.With the toner development amount of gained weight, thereby obtain transfer efficiency divided by per unit area in the image portion.
The measurement of the lapping compound adhesion amount of non-image middle per unit area
Non-image pattern is formed on sub-image to be kept on the body.Imaging device is shut down.Be transferred to known being with of area with non-image, and measure weight, thereby obtain the lapping compound adhesion amount of per unit area.
Can control the amount of the lapping compound that contains in the not transfer printing residual component of lapping compound adhesion amount and image portion of non-image middle per unit area through the adhesive rate of total addition level and the lapping compound of lapping compound in the control toner.
In other words; Can consider that following three factors control the abrasive concentration in the accumulation composition through the adhesive rate of total addition level and the lapping compound of lapping compound in the control toner: (i) average area of image portion and non-image 's average area (being the average image density); (ii) transfer efficiency, (iii) the toner development amount of per unit area.
< < piling up the measuring method of abrasive concentration in the composition>>
Below the measuring method of abrasive concentration in the accumulation composition in the actual imaging equipment is described.
Can obtain abrasive concentration through measuring the distinctive fluorescent X-ray of lapping compound.Particularly, with toner concentration and the known sample making typical curve of abrasive concentration.Keep the accumulation composition of the contact site between the body to take a sample to being deposited in Clean-scraper and sub-image then.Can obtain this concentration from the fluorescent X-ray measurement result of sample.Because the amount of piling up composition in fact seldom, the sufficient quantity that fluorescent X-ray is measured can be guaranteed in the following manner: the average image density with 10% is printed 500 pages of images, and the branch of being piled into of contact site is taken a sample, and repeats these steps 5～10 time.
Measure equipment therefor as fluorescent X-ray, used fluorescent X-ray analysis instrument (trade name: XRF1500 is made by Shimadzu Seisakusho Ltd.).Said measurement under the condition of 40kv and 70mA, use the rhodium pipe as X-ray tube to carry out 30 minutes analysis time.
Abrasive concentration in the accumulation composition described in this instructions all records according to said method.
In imaging device, for example, the part that contains developing cell can have can install on the imaging device body and the box structure of therefrom dismantling (handle box).This handle box can be to comprise the handle box that developer keeps body and accommodates electrostatic charge image developer at least.
An instance to imaging device describes below with reference to accompanying drawings.But, said imaging device is not limited thereto.Hereinafter will describe the major part shown in the accompanying drawing, and omit the explanation to other parts.
Fig. 1 is for showing the formation synoptic diagram of four tandem full color imaging equipment.Imaging device shown in Figure 1 comprises first to fourth electrophotographic image forming unit 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K (imaging device), and said first to fourth image-generating unit is based on each color image of view data output yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and the black (K) of color separation.These image-generating units (being designated hereinafter simply as " unit ") 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K are with predetermined space parallel arranged in the horizontal direction.Unit 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K can be the handle boxes that can on the imaging device body, install and therefrom dismantle.
(according to the direction of accompanying drawing) is provided with the intermediate transfer belt 20 as the intermediate transfer body to pass the mode of extending each unit above each unit 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K.Intermediate transfer belt 20 is set to be wound on driven roller 22 and the support roller 24, and said driven roller 22 contacts with the inside surface of support roller 24 with this intermediate transfer belt 20, and the configuration that separates each other on the direction from left to right in the drawings.Intermediate transfer belt 20 is set to advancing to the direction of the 4th unit 10K from first module 10Y.Support roller 24 receives the compressing of (not shown)s such as spring on the direction away from driven roller 22, thereby predetermined tension is applied to the intermediate transfer belt 20 that is wound on support roller 24 and the driven roller 22.In addition, keep on the surface on side to be furnished with intermediate transfer body cleaning device 30 at the sub-image of intermediate transfer belt 20 with driven roller 22 relative modes.
Can four looks that hold separately among toner Cartridge 8Y, 8M, 8C and the 8K (yellow, magenta, cyan and black) toner be supplied to respectively among developing apparatus (developing cell) 4Y, 4M, 4C and the 4K of each unit 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K.
First to fourth unit 10Y, 10M, 10C and 10K have identical construction, and the first module 10Y of formation yellow image at the upper reaches that therefore will be configured in the direct of travel of intermediate transfer belt describes as their representative.In the part that is equal to first module 10Y, the Reference numeral appended with magenta (M), cyan (C) or black (K) replaces yellow (Y), omits the explanation to second to the 4th unit 10M, 10C and 10K thus.
To the operation that in first module 10Y, forms yellow image be described below.At first, before operation, the surface charging that charged roller 2Y makes photoreceptor 1Y until reach pact-600V～-current potential of 800V.
Electrostatic latent image is for passing through the charged image that forms on the surface of photoreceptor 1Y; This electrostatic latent image is described negative sub-image; It is following formation: laser beam 3 reduces the ratio resistance of the illuminated part of photographic layer, so that the charged particles on photoreceptor 1Y surface takes place to flow; And not residual by the electric charge of the part of laser beam 3 irradiations, form said negative sub-image thus.
Rotation through photoreceptor 1Y will so be formed on the lip-deep electrostatic latent image of photoreceptor 1Y and move to the predetermined visualization position.At this developing location, utilize developing apparatus 4Y with the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 1Y visual (development).
Developing apparatus 4Y accommodates Yellow toner, and this toner contains, for example, contain yellow colorants the toner coatingparticles, adhere to lapping compound and floating lapping compound.It is charged when the toner coatingparticles in the Yellow toner stirs in the inside of developing apparatus 4Y through friction.Because the stirring in the developing apparatus 4Y, floating lapping compound is able to good stirring with the toner coatingparticles and mixes.Through friction and charged toner coatingparticles have with photoreceptor 1Y on the electric charge of charge polarity identical (negative polarity), and remain on the developer roller (developer maintenance body).When the process developing apparatus 4Y of the surface of photoreceptor 1Y, the toner coatingparticles is attached to the lip-deep sub-image portion through charging neutrality of photoreceptor 1Y with electrostatic means, thereby makes sub-image be able to develop.At this moment, because the lapping compound that adheres in the Yellow toner is attached to the toner coatingparticles consumingly, so, being accompanied by the electrostatic displacement of toner coatingparticles to sub-image portion, the said lapping compound that adheres to moves to sub-image portion (being image portion).On the other hand, the zone of floating lapping compound between the surface of the surface of developer roller (developer maintenance body) and photoreceptor 1Y exists with floating state, and owing to the centrifugal force of developer roller moves and be attached to non-sub-image portion (non-image portion).
Hereinafter will carry out detailed explanation to the toner coatingparticles that is attached to photoreceptor 1Y surface, after this mobile that adhere to lapping compound and floating lapping compound with reference to Fig. 2 (wherein enlarged and displayed the image-generating unit 10Y among Fig. 1).
As shown in Figure 2, be attached with the said Yellow toner coatingparticles 40Y that adheres to lapping compound and be attached to the sub-image portion (image portion) on the photoreceptor 1Y, and floating lapping compound 42Y is attached to image portion and non-image portion on the photoreceptor 1Y.Then with the direction shown in the arrow labeled A by predetermined speed rotation photoreceptor 1Y, and image portion and non-image be delivered to predetermined primary transfer position.In the primary transfer position, predetermined primary transfer bias voltage is applied to primary transfer roller 5Y, be attached with the said Yellow toner coatingparticles 40Y that adheres to lapping compound thereby will put on by the electrostatic force of photoreceptor 1Y sensing primary transfer roller 5Y.As a result, the toner image on the photoreceptor 1Y (toner coatingparticles with adhere to lapping compound) is transferred to intermediate transfer belt 20.The transfer bias that apply this moment has (+) polarity opposite with the polarity (-) of toner.For example, through the control part (not shown) transfer bias of first module 10Y is controlled to be pact+10 μ A.On the other hand, the floating lapping compound 42Y that is attached to image portion and non-image does not receive the influence of the electrostatic force that the primary transfer bias voltage by primary transfer roller 5Y produces, and most floating lapping compound is stayed photoreceptor 1Y and gone up and be not transferred to intermediate transfer belt 20.
Being applied to the primary transfer bias voltage that is configured in from the second unit 10M later primary transfer roller 5M, 5C and 5K also controls with the mode identical with first module.
The intermediate transfer belt 20 that will have by the yellow toner image of first module 10Y transfer printing like this transmits through second to the 4th unit 10M, 10C and 10K successively, thus with toner image stack of all kinds to realize multiple transfer printing.
Four colour toners images of the warp multiple transfer printing in Unit first to fourth on the intermediate transfer belt 20 arrive comprise intermediate transfer belt 20, with the contacted support roller 24 of inside surface of intermediate transfer belt 20 be configured in the secondary transfer printing portion that the image of intermediate transfer belt 20 keeps the secondary transfer roller (secondary transfer printing unit) 26 of face side.On the other hand, by feed mechanism with recording chart (can be transferred the medium of image) P by predetermined secondary transfer roller that is supplied to crimping each other opportunity 26 and the gap between the intermediate transfer belt 20, and the secondary transfer printing bias voltage of being scheduled to is applied to secondary transfer roller 26.The transfer bias that apply this moment has (+) polarity, and is opposite with the polarity (-) of toner; Therefore the electrostatic forcing that points to recording chart P by intermediate transfer belt 20 is in toner image, thereby the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 20 is transferred to recording chart P.The secondary transfer printing bias voltage of this moment is confirmed according to the resistance detection unit detected resistance of (not shown) of the resistance that detects secondary transfer printing portion, and is controlled through voltage.
Afterwards, recording chart P is delivered to fixing device (fixation unit) 28, the toner image heating is melted also photographic fixing on recording chart P so that fold the toner image of look here.Recording chart P after the photographic fixing of completion coloured image is transferred into discharge portion, and the coloured image of a series forms to operate and is accomplished thus.On the other hand, toner image is cleaned by intermediate transfer body cleaning device 30 on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 20 walked of transfer printing.
Above-mentioned imaging device has toner image is transferred to recording chart P through intermediate transfer belt 20 formation.But, said formation is not limited thereto, can also adopt toner image is constituted from the another kind that photoreceptor directly is transferred to recording chart.
< handle box, toner Cartridge >
Fig. 3 is the formation synoptic diagram of a preferred embodiment of display process box, and this handle box accommodates according to a described electrostatic charge image developer of scheme of the present invention.Handle box 200 comprises: clockwise charged roller 108, developing apparatus 111 and the photoreceptor cleaning device (cleaning unit) 113 along the figure that are arranged in the outer surface of photoreceptor 107.Handle box 200 has by attachment rail 116 combinations and integrated peristome 118 and peristome 117.Make public in the surface that peristome 118 is used for the downstream that is positioned at charged roller 108 (in the downstream of the driving direction of photoreceptor 107) to photoreceptor 107 and is positioned at the upstream side of developing apparatus 111.Peristome 117 be used for to the downstream that is positioned at photoreceptor cleaning device 113 of photoreceptor 107 and the surface that is positioned at the upstream side of charged roller 108 make public with and electric charge (removing the electricity exposure).
Said handle box 200 can be installed on the imaging device body that comprises transfer device 112, fixing device 115 and other component part (not shown)s and therefrom dismounting.Handle box 200 constitutes imaging device with the imaging device body.What Reference numeral 300 was represented is recording chart.
Handle box 200 shown in Fig. 3 comprises Charging system 108, developing apparatus 111, cleaning device (cleaning unit) 113, exposure is with peristome 118 and remove the electricity exposure with peristome 117.But, these devices can make up selectively.In other words, said handle box can have photoreceptor 107 and be selected from by Charging system 108, developing apparatus 111, cleaning device (cleaning unit) 113, exposure with opening 118 with remove the electricity at least a parts in the group of being formed with opening 117 that make public.Handle box 200 can have the toner Cartridge (not shown), can also have the toner conveyance device (not shown) that the supply toner is delivered to developing apparatus 111 from toner Cartridge.
To describe a described toner Cartridge of scheme according to the present invention below.Said toner Cartridge can be installed on said imaging device and therefrom dismounting.Said toner Cartridge accommodates and can be supplied to the toner that is disposed at the developing cell in the imaging device, and said toner is above-mentioned toner.This toner Cartridge accommodates toner at least, and according to the mechanism of imaging device, can accommodate the developer that for example is made up of toner and carrier.
Imaging device shown in Figure 1 is the imaging device with following formation: toner Cartridge 8Y, 8M, 8C and 8K can installation and removal, and developing apparatus 4Y, 4M, 4C and 4K are connected to the toner Cartridge corresponding to each developing apparatus (color) through toner supply pipe (not shown).The toner quantitative change of in toner Cartridge, holding after a little while can be with this box replacement.
Embodiment
To explain more specifically the present invention with reference to embodiment and Comparative Examples below.But, the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.Hereinafter, only if appointment is arranged in addition, " part " expression " weight portion ", and " % " expression " weight % ".
< manufacturing of toner coatingparticles (A) >
(preparation of resin particle dispersion liquid (A))
Use following composition to prepare resin particle dispersion liquid (A) through following method.
375 parts of styrene
25 parts of n-butyl acrylates
5 parts in acrylic acid
30 parts of lauryl mercaptans
Through being mixed and dissolve, above-mentioned raw materials makes solution.This solution joined contain 8 parts of non-ionic surfactant (trade names: NONIPOLE400 that are dissolved in 550 parts of ion exchange waters; Changing into (strain) by Sanyo makes) and 9 parts of anionic surfactant (trade names: NEOGENSC; Make by the first industrial pharmacy (strain)) flask in, and make it carry out emulsion polymerization.After slow this emulsion of mixing 30 minutes, add 50 parts of ion exchange waters that are dissolved with 5 parts of ammonium persulfates.After nitrogen replacement, when in flask, stirring, the inclusions of this flask is heated to 80 ℃ in oil bath, and continues emulsion polymerization 4 hours at this state.As a result, having obtained to be dispersed with volume average particle size is that 132nm, Tg are that 61 ℃ and weight-average molecular weight Mw are the resin particle dispersion liquid (A) of 11200 resin particle.
(preparation of colorant dispersion (A))
Use following composition to prepare colorant dispersion (A) through following method.
55 parts of magenta pigment (C.I. paratonere 57)
4 parts of non-ionic surfactants (NONIPOLE400 changes into (strain) by Sanyo and makes)
240 parts of ion exchange waters
Above-mentioned raw materials is mixed and dissolving; Then in homogenizer (trade name: ULTRA TURAXT50; Make by IKA society) the middle stirring 40 minutes, use decollator (altimizer) to apply dispersion treatment again, be dispersed with the colorant dispersion that mean grain size is the colorant particle of 220nm (A) thereby make.
(preparation of detackifier dispersion liquid)
Use following composition to prepare detackifier dispersion liquid (A) through following method.
Paraffin (trade name: HNP-190 is made fusing point: 85 ℃ by Japan smart wax society (strain))
95 parts
5 parts of cationic surfactants (trade name: SANISOL B50, make) by flower king (strain)
240 parts of ion exchange waters
The use homogenizer (trade name: ULTRA TURAX T50, make by IKA society) above-mentioned raw materials was disperseed 30 minutes in circular stainless steel flask.This dispersion liquid carries out dispersion treatment with pressure discharge type homogenizer then, is dispersed with the detackifier dispersion liquid (A) that volume average particle size is the detackifier particle of 520nm thereby make.
(preparation of toner coatingparticles (A))
Use following composition to prepare toner coatingparticles (A) through following method.
245 parts of resin particle dispersion liquids (A)
20 parts of colorant dispersions (A)
45 parts of detackifier dispersion liquids (A)
Gather 0.8 part of hydrate of aluminium (trade name: PAHO2S, by Asada Chemical Co., Ltd. makes)
800 parts of ion exchange waters
Use homogenizer (trade name: ULTRA TURAX T50, make) that mentioned component is mixed in circular stainless steel flask and disperse by IKA society.In order to make particles aggregate, under agitation in the heating oil bath, the inclusions of flask is heated to 45 ℃ and kept 30 minutes in this temperature.The temperature that will heat oil bath then further rises to 59 ℃ and kept 60 minutes in this temperature.Size to particle in the slurry is measured, and volume average particle size D50 is 5.6 μ m.Afterwards; In order to control the shape of agglutination particle; Thereby the pH that 1N NaOH is added in this slurry contain agglutination particle system is controlled at 7.2, is heated to 85 ℃ with this flask sealing and using under the magnetic seal continuous stirring, and keeps this temperature 5 hours.After the cooling, leach the toner coatingparticles,, thereby obtain toner coatingparticles (A) with ion-exchange washing 4 times and freeze drying.
(1) (under following condition, use: transfer efficiency is 95%, and the toner development amount of image portion per unit area is 4.5g/m to use imaging device DOCU CENTRE COLOR400 (trade name is made by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd)
2, the average image density of the image that form is 10%) and carry out following evaluation.
< Comparative Examples 1 >
(first lapping compound adds step)
At first; With lapping compound (cerium oxide: number average primary particle size: in the toner coatingparticles (A) that 0.5 μ m) amount shown in the following table 1 (the interpolation concentration in the final toner) is obtained above adding to, in as the 5L Henschel mixer of stirring machine, under the peripheral speed of 25 meter per seconds, mixed 20 minutes then.Remove the corase particles in the gained potpourri with 45 μ m mesh screens.
(second lapping compound adds step)
In addition, as adding for the second time lapping compound, add the toner coatingparticles (A) and the lapping compound (cerium oxide: the toner Cartridge of packing into number average primary particle size 0.5 μ m) of step with carrying out first lapping compound according to ratio shown in the following method following table 1.
With carrying out pack into the method for toner Cartridge of toner coatingparticles (A) that first lapping compound adds step and lapping compound can be the method that may further comprise the steps: from lapping compound feeding device input toner particle funnel, said funnel is configured in and is used for pack into the top of shovel loader of toner Cartridge of toner coatingparticles with the lapping compound of scheduled volume.
< < measurement of each physical property and calculating>>
To adding the toner that step obtained, calculate " lapping compound adhesive rate " according to said method up to second lapping compound.And; With the toner Cartridge imaging device (trade name: DOCUCENTRE COLOR400) of packing into; Record " the lapping compound adhesion amount of non-image middle per unit area " according to said method, and calculate " piling up the abrasive concentration in the composition " in the formula (3) based on " the lapping compound adhesion amount of non-image middle per unit area ".In addition, record actual " piling up the abrasive concentration in the composition " that is deposited in the contact site between Clean-scraper and the photoreceptor according to said method.
< embodiment 1～11 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 >
Except that first lapping compound add step and second lapping compound add lapping compound addition in the step change into as shown in table 1 below, according to the similar approach of Comparative Examples 1 said method with developer pack into toner Cartridge and each physical property of measurements and calculations.
Each measurements and calculations result is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
| ? | Lapping compound addition (weight %) | Lapping compound adhesive rate (%) | Lapping compound adhesion amount (the g/m of non-image middle per unit area 2) | The abrasive concentration (weight %) in the composition is piled up in < formula (3) > | < measurement result>piled up the abrasive concentration (weight %) in the composition | ? | ? |
| First lapping compound adds step | Second lapping compound adds step | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Comparative Examples 1 | Toner A | 0.005％ | 0.005％ | 45％ | 0.01×10 -3 | 0.05％ | 0.07％ |
| Comparative Examples 2 | Toner B | 0.05％ | 0.25％ | 8％ | 1.17×10 -3 | 4.5％ | 4.9％ |
| Embodiment 1 | Toner C | 0.1％ | 0.4％ | 11％ | 1.38×10 -3 | 5.3％ | 5.3％ |
| Embodiment 2 | Toner D | 0.2％ | 0.4％ | 14％ | 1.49×10 -3 | 5.7％ | 6.0 |
| Embodiment | |||||||
| 3 | Toner E | 0.3％ | 0.5％ | 16％ | 1.59×10 -3 | 6.1％ | 6.5％ |
| Embodiment 4 | Toner F | 0.4％ | 0.5％ | 19％ | 1.81×10 -3 | 6.9％ | 6.7％ |
| Embodiment 5 | Toner G | 0.4％ | 0.6％ | 21％ | 1.88×10 -3 | 7.2％ | 7.8％ |
| Embodiment 6 | Toner H | 0.7％ | 1.3％ | 30％ | 4.34×10 -3 | 15.3％ | 15.9％ |
| Embodiment 7 | Toner I | 0.7％ | 0.9％ | 28％ | 2.71×10 -3 | 10.2％ | 10.1％ |
| Embodiment 8 | Toner J | 1.0％ | 1.5％ | 31％ | 4.18×10 -3 | 15.0％ | 14.9％ |
| Embodiment 9 | Toner K | 1.1％ | 1.6％ | 34％ | 5.47×10 -3 | 18.7％ | 18.7％ |
| Embodiment 10 | Toner L | 1.2％ | 1.7％ | 37％ | 6.43×10 -3 | 21.3％ | 21.3％ |
| Embodiment 11 | Toner M | 1.3％ | 1.7％ | 40％ | 7.85×10 -3 | 24.8％ | 24.6％ |
| Comparative Examples 3 | Toner N | 2.5％ | 2.5％ | 43％ | 8.19×10 -3 | 26.3％ | 27.0％ |
< < evaluation>>
The average abrasion speed of photoreceptor
Record the average abrasion speed (nanometer/thousand time circulation) of photoreceptor according to following method.
The thickness of original photoreceptor and the thickness of the photoreceptor after 1,200 thousand circulation printings are measured.According to measured value, calculate the photoreceptor thickness that causes by wearing and tearing and reduce degree.Calculate average abrasion speed (nanometer/thousand time circulation) from the minimizing of thickness.Average abrasion speed below the 5 nanometers/thousand time circulation is acceptable, is unacceptable and surpass 5 nanometers/thousand time round-robin average abrasion speed.
Uneven wear
Record uneven wear (greatest wear value-minimal wear value) (nanometer/thousand time circulation) according to following method.
In the measurement of the photoreceptor thickness after the photoreceptor thickness during not using in calculating photoreceptor average abrasion speed and 1,200 thousand circulations are printed, calculate uneven wear value (promptly wear and tear maximum and wearing and tearing minimum poor) from greatest wear value and minimal wear value.Uneven wear value below the 2 nanometers/thousand time circulation is an acceptable, is unacceptable and surpass 2 nanometers/thousand time round-robin uneven wear value.
Measurement result is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2
| ? | < measurement result>piled up the abrasive concentration (weight %) in the composition | The average abrasion speed of photoreceptor (nanometer/thousand time circulation) | Uneven wear (nanometer/thousand time circulation) |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 0.07％ | 6.3 | 6.0 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 4.9％ | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| Embodiment 1 | 5.3％ | 2.2 | 1.8 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6.0％ | 2.9 | 1.4 |
| |
6.5％ | 3.1 | 1.3 |
| Embodiment 4 | 6.7％ | 3.6 | 0.8 |
| Embodiment 5 | 7.8％ | 3.5 | 1.3 |
| Embodiment 6 | 15.9％ | 3.8 | 1.3 |
| Embodiment 7 | 10.1％ | 3.7 | 1.4 |
| Embodiment 8 | 14.9％ | 3.7 | 1.7 |
| Embodiment 9 | 18.7％ | 4.5 | 1.6 |
| Embodiment 10 | 21.3％ | 4.5 | 0.2 |
| Embodiment 11 | 24.6％ | 4.9 | 1.7 |
| Comparative Examples 3 | 27.0％ | 6.0 | 2.1 |
(2) (under following condition, use: transfer efficiency is 93%, and the toner development amount of per unit area is 5.0g/m in the image portion to use imaging device DOCU CENTRE COLOR F450 (trade name is made by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd)
2, the average image density of the image that form is 30%) and carry out following evaluation.
< embodiment 12 and 13 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 >
Except that first lapping compound add step and second lapping compound add used lapping compound in the step change into boron nitride (the number average primary particle size: 0.3 μ m) and each lapping compound add lapping compound addition in step change into as shown in table 3 below, according to Comparative Examples 1 said method with developer pack into toner Cartridge and each physical property of measurements and calculations.
Table 3
| ? | Lapping compound addition weight %) | Lapping compound adhesive rate (%) | Lapping compound adhesion amount (the g/m of non-image middle per unit area 2) | The abrasive concentration (weight %) in the composition is piled up in < formula (3) > | < measurement result>piled up the abrasive concentration (weight %) in the composition | ? | ? |
| First lapping compound adds step | Second lapping compound adds step | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Embodiment 12 | Toner O | 0.1％ | 0.5％ | 12％ | 7.95×10 -3 | 5.1％ | 5.3％ |
| Embodiment 13 | Toner P | 1.1％ | 1.4％ | 38％ | 47.3×10 -3 | 24.7％ | 24.5％ |
| Comparative Examples 4 | Toner Q | 0.05％ | 0.25％ | 9％ | 7.52×10 -3 | 4.8％ | 4.7％ |
| Comparative Examples 5 | Toner R | 2.0％ | 2.2％ | 42％ | 52.1×10 -3 | 27.1％ | 26.8％ |
Table 4
| ? | < measurement result>piled up the abrasive concentration (weight %) in the composition | The average abrasion speed of photoreceptor (nanometer/thousand time circulation) | Uneven wear (nanometer/thousand time circulation) |
| Embodiment 12 | 5.3％ | 2.8 | 1.5 |
| Embodiment 13 | 24.5％ | 4.7 | 1.8 |
| Comparative Examples 4 | 4.7％ | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| Comparative Examples 5 | 26.8％ | 5.5 | 2.3 |
Claims (1)
1. method of making electrostatic image developing toner,
Said method comprising the steps of:
(i) after preparation toner coatingparticles and toner Cartridge that said toner coatingparticles is being packed into before first lapping compound is joined in the toner coatingparticles and
(ii) when packing the toner coatingparticles into toner Cartridge, second lapping compound is added in the said toner coatingparticles,
And the addition that adds first lapping compound described in the step (i) with add step (ii) described in the ratio of addition of second lapping compound be 1: 1～1: 4; Wherein said first lapping compound is that the number average primary particle size is cerium oxide or the boron nitride of 0.1 μ m～3 μ m; Said second lapping compound is that the number average primary particle size is cerium oxide or the boron nitride of 0.1 μ m～3 μ m, and the total addition level of said first lapping compound and second lapping compound is the 0.5 weight %～3 weight % based on whole toner components.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007-114581 | 2007-04-24 | ||
| JP2007114581A JP4978296B2 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-04-24 | Method for producing toner for developing electrostatic image |
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| CN101295146A CN101295146A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| CN101295146B true CN101295146B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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| CN2007101702016A Active CN101295146B (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-11-15 | Toner, developing agent for electrostatic image development, apparatus and equipment using them |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4978296B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20080095736A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101295146B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2007234561B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4666082B2 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2011-04-06 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Electrophotographic toner, electrophotographic developer, toner cartridge, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
| JP2010230906A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-10-14 | Seiko Epson Corp | Image forming apparatus and image forming method |
| JP2011128406A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-30 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Toner for electrostatic latent image development and image forming method |
| JP5609412B2 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2014-10-22 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Toner for developing electrostatic image, electrostatic image developer, toner cartridge, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
| JP5598242B2 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2014-10-01 | 株式会社リコー | One-component developing toner, developer containing container, image forming method, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
| JP6915449B2 (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2021-08-04 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Toner for electrostatic latent image development and two-component developer |
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| EP0593052B1 (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1998-01-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic developer for developing electrostatic images |
| EP0950926A3 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-02-23 | Toda Kogyo Corp. | Black magnetic composite particles for black magnetic toner and black magnetic toner using the same |
| US6294303B1 (en) * | 2000-01-24 | 2001-09-25 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Monocomponent developer containing positively chargeable fine power |
| CN1637631A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-13 | 三星电子株式会社 | Toner and method of preparing the same |
| JP2006058502A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-03-02 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Toner and developer for electrostatic image development, image forming apparatus, process cartridge using the same and image forming method |
| CN1755531A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-04-05 | 株式会社理光 | Toner for developing electrostatic image, method for producing the same, developer, image forming apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming method |
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| JPH05127527A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-05-25 | Fujitsu Ltd | Toner storing method, toner cartridge, its manufacture and developing device |
| JP2001013837A (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2001-01-19 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic image forming device, and cleaning method of carrier of electrophotographic image forming device |
| JP4095207B2 (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2008-06-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Filling toner container with toner |
| JP3941313B2 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2007-07-04 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Setting method of upper limit of toner filling amount |
| JP2002236384A (en) * | 2000-12-05 | 2002-08-23 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic developer and image forming method |
| JP2002214825A (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-31 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic toner, electrophotographic developer and image forming method |
| JP2005215465A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Toner for electrostatic charge image development, and developer for the electrostatic charge image development |
| JP2006259617A (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing toner, method for manufacturing same, and electrostatic charge image developing developer |
| JP4792836B2 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2011-10-12 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Toner for electrostatic latent image development |
-
2007
- 2007-04-24 JP JP2007114581A patent/JP4978296B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-15 KR KR1020070116596A patent/KR20080095736A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-11-15 CN CN2007101702016A patent/CN101295146B/en active Active
- 2007-11-16 AU AU2007234561A patent/AU2007234561B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0593052B1 (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1998-01-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Magnetic developer for developing electrostatic images |
| EP0950926A3 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-02-23 | Toda Kogyo Corp. | Black magnetic composite particles for black magnetic toner and black magnetic toner using the same |
| US6294303B1 (en) * | 2000-01-24 | 2001-09-25 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Monocomponent developer containing positively chargeable fine power |
| CN1637631A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-13 | 三星电子株式会社 | Toner and method of preparing the same |
| CN1755531A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-04-05 | 株式会社理光 | Toner for developing electrostatic image, method for producing the same, developer, image forming apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming method |
| JP2006058502A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-03-02 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Toner and developer for electrostatic image development, image forming apparatus, process cartridge using the same and image forming method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4978296B2 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| AU2007234561A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| AU2007234561B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
| KR20080095736A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| JP2008268753A (en) | 2008-11-06 |
| CN101295146A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
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