CN101290005A

CN101290005A - Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor

Info

Publication number: CN101290005A
Application number: CNA2007100397622A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔炳如
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-04-20
Filing date: 2007-04-20
Publication date: 2008-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2027-04-20
Also published as: CN100585177C

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully-enclosed piston type refrigeration compressor. The invention comprises an inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, an electric motor and a piston type compressor, wherein a magnetic coupling is connected between the electric motor and the piston type compressor. The magnetic coupling comprises a shielding, and an opening part of the shielding fixedly at a casing opening part of the piston type compressor forms a sealing cavity with the casing of the compressor. The fully-enclosed piston type refrigeration compressor can use ammonia as refrigerant, which can not destroy atmospheric ozonosphere and form greenhouse effect, and has excellent environmental protection and energy conservation. The fully-enclosed piston type refrigeration compressor can be used in the refrigeration field at moderate and low temperature of between 20 DEG C below zero and 40 DEG C, and also can be used in the other field needing air compression.

Description

Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor

Technical field

The present invention relates to refrigeration compressor, relate in particular to a kind of Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor.

Background technique

Current refrigeration compressor adopts freon as refrigeration agent mostly.In order to reduce greenhouse effect, protect atmospheric ozone layer, people seek to adopt low public hazards, environmental protection class material to come the replacement fluorine Leon just hardy.Ammonia be to atmospheric ozone layer do not have destruction, to one of Global Greenhouse Effect only a few working medium like water off a duck's back, and use inexpensive efficient as refrigeration agent.But the ammonia steam has corrosive action to copper and Cuprum alloy (except the phosphor bronze), therefore, can not use copper and copper alloy in the refrigeration system of ammonia.In addition, ammonia has bigger toxicity, in case leak, with contaminated air, food, and the eyes and the respiratory apparatus that stimulate the people.Because above-mentioned shortcoming, make ammonia seldom as refrigerant applications in small-sized refrigeration plant.

Piston Refrigerant Compreessor is a kind of compressor type of using the earliest.According to the combination form of motor and compression set, Piston Refrigerant Compreessor can be divided into opening type, semi-enclosed and totally enclosed type Piston Refrigerant Compreessor.Wherein, the totally enclosed type Piston Refrigerant Compreessor is that compression set and motor are contained in one by in the dead shell of melting welding or soldering weldering, and this class compressor does not have outrigger shaft or axle envelope.In operation process, low-pressure refrigerant vapor enters motor portion, makes motor obtain cooling.Because the coil of motor all is to form with the copper cash coiling, and ammonia has strong corrosion to copper, thereby, adopt the refrigeration compressor of existing structure can't adopt ammonia as refrigeration agent.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe, Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor efficiently that can use ammonia.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor, comprise suction tude, outlet pipe, motor and the piston type compressed device that is arranged on described motor below, piston type compressed device comprises compression member and covers on the outer compression set housing of compression member, compression member comprises eccentric shaft, body, cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, air valve and plenum, plenum is connected with cylinder block, and be connected with outlet pipe, air valve is arranged between cylinder block and the plenum, wherein, suction tude and outlet pipe are arranged on the compression set housing; Compressor also comprises a magnetic shaft coupling, and magnetic shaft coupling is connected between motor and the piston type compressed device; Magnetic shaft coupling comprises the outer magnet and the inner magnet of circle ring column shape, inner magnet is coaxial to be set in the outer magnet, tighten at the external cylindrical surface of outer magnet and to be with the outer magnet protecting jacket, the outer magnet protecting jacket has the upper edge portion that is higher than outer magnet and is lower than the lower edge portion of outer magnet; On bore area, external cylindrical surface and two axial ends of inner magnet, be coated with the inner magnet protecting jacket; The outer magnet protecting jacket is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft of motor, fixedlys connected with the eccentric shaft of piston type compressed device at the inner magnet protecting jacket of the bore area of inner magnet; Magnetic shaft coupling also comprises a housing, and housing is the calyptra of a lower ending opening, and the perisporium of housing is set in the gap between outer magnet and the inner magnet protecting jacket; The opening portion of housing is fixedly arranged on the oral area of compression set housing, forms a seal chamber with the compression set housing, and inner magnet protecting jacket, inner magnet and compression member are arranged in the sealing cavity; Housing and inner magnet protecting jacket are made by nonmagnetic substance.

Technique effect of the present invention is: 1. the present invention can adopt ammonia as refrigeration agent, can not destroy atmospheric ozone layer and produce greenhouse effect, has favorable environment protection and energy saving; 2. the present invention can be sealed in ammonia in housing and the compression set housing, does not have to leak, and is safe in utilization; 3. adopted piston type compressed device, the efficient height can be used in the middle cryogenic refrigeration field of temperature between subzero 20 ℃～40 ℃; 4. advantages such as noise was light when the present invention also had work, volume is little, compact structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the P structure for amplifying schematic representation partly of the Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the pole arrangement mode schematic representation of outer magnet of the present invention and inner magnet.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor of the present invention.Refrigeration compressor of the present invention comprises motor 3, magnetic shaft coupling 2 and compression set 1.The vertical successively from top to bottom setting of motor 3, magnetic shaft coupling 2 and compression set 1.Be provided with a flange 31 in the lower end of motor 3.Be provided with a coupling housing 4 in the outside of magnetic shaft coupling 2,4 pairs of magnetic shaft couplings 2 of coupling housing play the effect of protection and supporting.The upper end of coupling housing 4 is provided with a flange 41 that is complementary with flange 31, and motor 3 and coupling housing 4 link together by flange 31 and flange 41 usefulness bolton.Magnetic shaft coupling 2 comprises outer magnet 21, outer magnet protecting jacket 22, inner magnet 23, inner magnet protecting jacket 24, housing 25, upper bearing (metal) 26 and lower bearing 27.Outer magnet 21 and inner magnet 23 coaxial settings, be the circle ring column shape, form along circumferentially closely arranging by several tile-shaped permanent magnets respectively in the alternating polarity mode through radial magnetizing, opposite at the tile-shaped permanent magnet of same outer magnet in the radial direction with the tile-shaped permanent magnet polarity of inner magnet.Fig. 3 schematically shows the pole arrangement mode of outer magnet 21 and inner magnet 23.In a kind of optimal way, the thickness of outer magnet is than the thin thickness of inner magnet, to reach the purpose of saving materials under equal effect.Return Fig. 1, tighten at the external cylindrical surface of outer magnet 21 and overlapping an outer magnet protecting jacket 22, the upper end of outer magnet protecting jacket is than outer magnet height, and the part that is higher than outer magnet is a upper edge portion; The lower end is lower than outer magnet, and the part that is lower than outer magnet is a lower edge portion.Have axis hole 221 in the upper end of outer magnet protecting jacket 22, the output shaft 32 of motor 3 passes axis hole 221, is connected with outer magnet protecting jacket 22 by key 32a.Thus, motor 3 can drive outer magnet protecting jacket 22 and outer magnet 21 rotates together.On bore area, external cylindrical surface and two axial ends of inner magnet 23, all fixedly be wrapped in inner magnet protecting jacket 24.Housing 25 is the calyptra of a lower ending opening, and its perisporium is set in the gap between outer magnet 21 and the inner magnet protecting jacket 24, and its lower end is fixed on the flange 42 of the lower end that is arranged on coupling housing 4 by screw.Respectively be with upper bearing (metal) 26 and lower bearing 27 in the above and below of housing 25.Upper bearing (metal) 26 and lower bearing 27 closely cooperate with the upper edge portion of outer magnet protecting jacket 22 and the inwall of lower edge portion respectively.Also be provided with a little step 251 in the upper end of housing 25, the lower end surface of upper bearing (metal) 26 is placed on this step 251.Be lined with a metal washer 28 between the last axial end of lower bearing 27 and the following axial end face of outer magnet 21, like this, can avoid outer magnet 21 to produce wearing and tearing when rotated and between the lower bearing 27.Inner magnet protecting jacket 24 and housing 25 are made by the nonmagnetic substance of anti-ammonia corrosion, as stainless steel, titanium, plastics etc.Outer magnet protecting jacket 22 is made by the iron and steel magnetic material, and the magnetic line of force outside to described outer magnet forms shielding, with inside increase magnetic force.Compression set 1 comprises compression set housing 15 and compression member, and compression member is arranged in the compression set housing 15.Be provided with in 15 upper end of compression set housing and flange 42 flange 11 that is complementary.Above-mentioned compression member comprises plenum 10, body 12, connecting rod 13, piston 14, air valve 16, eccentric shaft 17, upper support bearing 18, lower support bearing 19 and end cap 20.Coupling housing 4 links together by flange 42 and flange 11 usefulness screws with compression set 1.Also flange 11 and 42 directly can be welded together.In the present embodiment; by between housing 25 and the flange 42 be connected and flange 42 and flange 11 between be connected; make housing 25 and compression set housing 15 connect and compose the cavity of a sealing; in compression member in inner magnet protecting jacket 24, inner magnet 23 and the compression set housing is sealed in, thereby make the refrigerant vapor in the sealing chamber can not leak.In a kind of preferred implementation, the lower end of housing 25 is by welding or screw is direct and flange 11 links together.In another kind is preferably implemented, flange 11 is replaced with cover plate, the lower end of this cover plate and flange 42 and housing 25 welds together.Between body 12 and the upper support bearing 18, between body 12 and the lower support bearing 19 and interconnect by screw between lower support bearing 19 and the end cap 20.Eccentric shaft 17 passes the center hole of lower support bearing 19, body 12, upper support bearing 18 and flange 42, and the center hole of inner magnet 23 is passed on its top, and is connected with the inner magnet protecting jacket of the bore area of inner magnet 23.The nut that the upper end of eccentric shaft 17 and is enclosed within on its external diameter interconnects, and plays fixation.In the present embodiment, employing is that the outer wall of inner magnet protecting jacket 24 and the eccentric shaft 17 of the high strength glue bore area that will be wrapped in inner magnet 23 bonds together.In another kind of optimal way, can adopt key to connect inner magnet 23 and eccentric shaft 17.Side at the external diameter of eccentric shaft 17 is provided with a cam pin 173, is unbalance inertia force and the moment that prevents eccentric shaft 17, and the opposite side at the external diameter of eccentric shaft 17 respectively is provided with an

equilibrium block

171 and 172 in the above and below of cam pin.One end of connecting rod 13 is enclosed within on the cam pin 173, and the other end is connected with piston 14 by wrist pin.In a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, on eccentric shaft 17, be with the connecting rod 13 that two forming V-shapes are arranged, but be not limited thereto.On body 12, be provided with the cylinder block 121 that directly on body 12, processes.Piston 14 moves reciprocatingly in cylinder block under the drive of eccentric shaft 17 and connecting rod 13, and under the cooperation of air valve 16, finish suction, the effect of compression and conveying gas.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the P part of Fig. 1, clearly show that the structure of piston 14, air valve 16 and plenum 10.Plenum 10 is connected by the screw sealing with cylinder block 121, be provided with a dividing plate 103 in the neutral position of plenum 10, dividing plate 103 is divided into left and right two cavitys with the space of plenum 10, wherein, left side cavity surrounds an exhaust cavity 101 with air valve 16 again, right cavity 102 is connected with outlet pipe 6, is provided with several exhaust ports 103a on dividing plate 103.Piston 14 is in motion in cylinder block 121 under the drive of connecting rod 13, and the top of piston 14 is recessed shape.Between piston 14 and plenum 10, be provided with air valve 16.Air valve 16 comprises valve plate 16A and valve gap 16B, is provided with a plurality of suction ports 161 on the circumference of valve plate 16A, is provided with a lug boss in the central position of valve plate 16A, cooperates with the recessed portion of piston 14, to reach the purpose that reduces clearance volume.Be provided with exhaust port 162, exhaust valve plate 163, spring sheet 164 on valve gap 16B, spring sheet 164 is pressed on the exhaust valve plate 163.When air-breathing, refrigerant vapor enters cylinder block 121 by the suction port on the valve plate 16A 161 again by the vestibule (not shown) of body 12.During exhaust, overcome the compressive force of spring sheet 164 from the refrigerant vapor of cylinder block 121 discharges, back down exhaust valve plate 163, enter into exhaust cavity 101 between air valve 16 and the plenum dividing plate 103 by the exhaust port on the valve gap 16B 162, hole 103a from the plenum dividing plate 103 enters right cavity 102 then, is discharged to outside the compressor by the outlet pipe 6 that is arranged on the compression set housing 15 again.Discharge by outlet pipe 6 again by two cavitys of plenum 10 continuously from the refrigerant vapor that cylinder block 121 is discharged, guaranteed that exhaust pressure is more even on the one hand, have good noise elimination effect on the other hand.As shown in Figure 1, the side at compression set housing 15 is provided with suction tude 5.Be provided with lubricant oil 7 in compression set housing 15, the lubricated centrifugal pumping effect by the eccentric oil duct in eccentric shaft 17 lower ends of compressor of the present invention carries out.Body 12 is rigidly connected by a plurality of chassis attachment post 122 and compression set housing 15.Each parts of above-mentioned compression set can adopt common ferrous materials, and preferably, suction tude 5 and outlet pipe 6 are made by stainless steel.

During work, the steam of ammonia is entered in the cylinder block 121 of compression set 1 by suction tude 5.Output shaft 32 rotations of motor 3 drive outer magnet protecting jacket 22 and outer magnet 21 and rotate together.When outer magnet 21 rotations; the magnetic force bonding force that is produced between itself and the inner magnet 23; contactlessly drive the inner magnet 23 and the inner magnet protecting jacket 24 that are positioned at housing 25 and rotate together, thus the also and then rotation of the feasible eccentric shaft 17 that links together with inner magnet protecting jacket 24.Correspondingly, processes such as compression set 1 beginning is air-breathing, compression, exhaust, expansion, the ammonia steam of discharge is discharged from behind the relief opening 162 of air valve 16, plenum 10, outlet pipe 6.Because housing 25 and compression set housing 15 have formed the cavity of a sealing, so the ammonia steam can not leak into the outside of refrigeration compressor, also can not erode to the copper coil of motor.

The present invention adopts ammonia as refrigeration agent, can not destroy atmospheric ozone layer and produce greenhouse effect, safety, environmental protection; Compression set has adopted piston type compressed device, and high working efficiency can be used in the middle cryogenic refrigeration field of temperature between subzero 20 ℃～40 ℃; In addition, the present invention also can use freon etc. as refrigeration agent, and light, the advantages such as volume is little, compact structure of noise when having work.Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor of the present invention can be used for refrigerator, vehicle and marine minitype freezer etc., needing also to can be used for other field of gas compression.

Though description of the invention combines certain embodiments, it should be understood by one skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to embodiment described here, and can carry out various modifications and variations and do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor, comprise suction tude, outlet pipe, motor and be arranged on the piston type compressed device of described motor below, described piston type compressed device comprises compression member and covers on the outer compression set housing of described compression member, described compression member comprises eccentric shaft, body, cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, air valve and plenum, described plenum is connected with described cylinder block, and be connected with described outlet pipe, described air valve is arranged between described cylinder block and the described plenum, it is characterized in that:

Described suction tude and described outlet pipe are arranged on the described compression set housing;

Described compressor also comprises a magnetic shaft coupling, and described magnetic shaft coupling is connected between described motor and the described piston type compressed device; Described magnetic shaft coupling comprises the outer magnet and the inner magnet of circle ring column shape, described inner magnet is coaxial to be set in the described outer magnet, tighten at the external cylindrical surface of described outer magnet and to be with the outer magnet protecting jacket, described outer magnet protecting jacket has the upper edge portion that is higher than outer magnet and is lower than the lower edge portion of outer magnet; On bore area, external cylindrical surface and two axial ends of described inner magnet, be coated with the inner magnet protecting jacket; Described outer magnet protecting jacket is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft of described motor, fixedlys connected with the eccentric shaft of described piston type compressed device at the inner magnet protecting jacket of the bore area of described inner magnet;

Described magnetic shaft coupling also comprises a housing, and described housing is the calyptra of a lower ending opening, and the perisporium of housing is set in the gap between described outer magnet and the described inner magnet protecting jacket; The opening portion of described housing is fixedly arranged on the oral area of described compression set housing, forms a seal chamber with the compression set housing, and described inner magnet protecting jacket, described inner magnet and described compression member are arranged in the described seal chamber;

Described housing and described inner magnet protecting jacket are made by nonmagnetic substance.

2. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: upper end and bottom at described housing respectively are with a bearing, and described bearing closely cooperates with the upper edge portion of described outer magnet protecting jacket and the inwall of lower edge portion respectively.

3. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described compressor comprises that also one covers on the coupling housing of described magnetic shaft coupling outside, respectively is provided with a flange in the top and bottom of described coupling housing, fixedlys connected with the flange of described coupling housing lower end in the lower end of described housing;

Respectively be provided with a flange in the lower end of described motor and the upper end of described compression set housing, described motor is fixedlyed connected by flange separately respectively with described coupling housing with described coupling housing, described compression set housing.

4. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described compressor comprises that also one covers on the coupling housing of described magnetic shaft coupling outside, respectively is provided with a flange in the top and bottom of described coupling housing;

Respectively being provided with a flange in the lower end of described motor and the upper end of described compression set housing, fixedlys connected with the flange of described compression set housing upper end in the lower end of described housing; Described motor is fixedlyed connected by flange separately respectively with described coupling housing with described coupling, described compression set housing.

5. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: each tile-shaped permanent magnet by the polylith radial magnetizing of described outer magnet and described inner magnet forms along circumferentially closely arranging in the alternating polarity mode, and is opposite with the tile-shaped permanent magnet polarity of inner magnet at the tile-shaped permanent magnet of same outer magnet in the radial direction.

6. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the thickness of described outer magnet is thinner than described inner magnet.

7. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with a dividing plate in described plenum, described dividing plate is divided into left and right two cavitys with the space of plenum, is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports on described dividing plate; The left cavity and the air valve of described plenum surround an exhaust cavity, and the right cavity of described plenum is connected with outlet pipe; The gas of discharging from described air valve enters outlet pipe by the right cavity of exhaust port on described exhaust cavity, the dividing plate and plenum.

8. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described housing and described inner magnet protecting jacket are made by the nonmagnetic substance of anti-ammonia corrosion.

9. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described external magnet protecting jacket is made by the iron and steel magnetic material.

10. Totally-enclosed piston type ammonia refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described body is rigidly connected by a plurality of chassis attachment post and described compression set housing.