CN101283231B - Phase change material heat exchanger - Google Patents
Phase change material heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN101283231B CN101283231B CN2006800377586A CN200680037758A CN101283231B CN 101283231 B CN101283231 B CN 101283231B CN 2006800377586 A CN2006800377586 A CN 2006800377586A CN 200680037758 A CN200680037758 A CN 200680037758A CN 101283231 B CN101283231 B CN 101283231B
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
- F25B9/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect using vortex effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a phase change material (PCM) heat exchanger device comprising heat exchanger cells (1a, 1b) operating on the regenerative countercurrent principle, phase change material (PCM) accumulators (2, 3) provided in the heat exchanger cells and a vortex tube (6, 7, 8). When the directions of the air, gas and liquid flows are cyclically reversed in the apparatus, energy is recovered into the heat exchanger cell and the PCM accumulator, and during the subsequent cycle, the energy is released from the heat exchanger cell and PCM accumulator. While one heat exchanger cell and PCM accumulator is being charged, the other heat exchanger cell and PCM accumulator are simultaneously discharged. The cool/hot flow from the vortex tube is used to enhance/create needed temperature differences. The invention is applicable to buildings, vehicles, climate control rooms, single or multiple devices such as computers, and in various processes, such as, but not limited to, cryogenic methods, and in space technology and supercritical carbon dioxide applications.
Description
The application is that submission on October 10th, 2006, international application no are that PCT/F106/050434, on April 19th, 2007 are the national stage of the patent application of WO 2007/042621 with English announcement, international publication number.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat exchanger, this heat exchanger comprise according to the Recuperative heat exchanger of countercurrent action work, in this Recuperative heat exchanger phase-change material (PCM) enthalpy storage heater and/or utilize the vortex tube of Venturi tube phenomenon.Said system provides the pre-cooled and predrying of fresh ventilation air in summer, and preheating of fresh ventilation air and pre-humidifying were provided in winter.This system also can use under the situation of not having ventilation.Except building, the present invention can be used for vehicle, industry and commercial equipment room, and any enclosed compartment that needs the controlled environment condition, for example is used for cooling in the workshop and in the equipment such as computer and telecommunication equipment.Except air or gas cooled, described heat exchanger is applicable to the heat transmission that strengthens in the liquid.
Background technology
In the world, energy is used for cooling in a large number, and this is opposite towards the natural tendency of colder object transfer with heat energy.Along with climate warming, cooling will need more energy with dehumidifying.
Traditional compressor cooling is the method for the high power consumption/energy of a kind of needs.Wherein, absorption cooling effectively utilizes used heat.Thermoelectric unit based on the Seebeck phenomenon is an electricity with thermal transition, but it has higher production cost, therefore needing to be unsuitable for the object of relatively large energy.
Except building, vehicle and industrial process, it also is vital that temperature is controlled in the electro-heat equipment of computer for example.
Ventilation is important, but can not be used for for example having air-polluting place usually, for example in the shop on the aspect of street.In the many application such as the computer cooling, ventilation is unnecessary.
In the PCM of previously-known thermal storage, material phase transformation usually occur in solid-state and liquid state between.This holder is kept in 0-100 ℃ temperature range usually, thereby is suitable for being connected to heater and cooler is used for short-term energy storage.Typical media comprises the saturated hydrocarbons and the aliphatic acid of water/ice, salt solution, inorganic salt hydrate, HMW.The PCM storage element is compared with the storage element that for example is used for water separately has the little benefit of size, and does not have any moving-member.The PCM material has been used for heating and cooling recently and has worn clothes cloth.A shortcoming of PCM holder is because due to its relatively poor heat conductivity.The PCM holder also can be given as plate-like shape.The heat release of PCM holder has formed a subject matter, unless this is because it at first finishes heat release, otherwise can not store more heat.Therefore, PCM work is based on filling heat and heat release by turns.An advantage of PCM material is to work when the little temperature difference.If the temperature of indoor and outdoor ventilating air is identical, surely not undergo phase transition.
Cooling in the building requires to depend on three key elements: by the thermic load due to outdoor air, room air and the ventilation.Recuperation of heat (heat recovery) according to countercurrent action work has been proved the system generation higher efficient (for example referring to 7,059,385) of beguine according to following current work.In backheat (regenerative) system, heat effectively is stored in the heat recovery units.
In heat accumulating type (recuperative) crossing current sheet heat exchanger, air stream is nonreversible, and therefore, air stream can not interact with the PCM holder ideally, can not interact with backheat rotation heat recovery units ideally.
Based on static, the backheat of countercurrent action work with to accumulate the storage element system simple and effectively.Described cellular system can be made by any material with high heat storage capacity (thermal capacity) of for example aluminium or copper and so on.In addition, can use a rotary-type Recuperative heat exchanger, it alternately rotates with alternative two heat exchange units between two contrary (air) stream, but its efficient is lower and the suitable complex and expensive of structure.
The vortex tube of previously-known or similar device utilize the Venturi tube phenomenon.Referring to Wikipedia
Http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex tubeVortex tube has an inlet and is set to export perpendicular to first and second of this inlet at the place, opposite end of pipe.For example the compressible fluid of air and so on enters inlet, and the air after the heating is discharged from first outlet, and cooled air is discharged from second outlet.Vortex tube does not have movable part.For example, if 21 ℃ air enters inlet, then 76 ℃ air can be discharged from first outlet, and-34 ℃ air can be discharged from second outlet.
As substituting of vortex tube, can use for example conventional art formation temperature difference of compressor, but efficient is lower.If use vortex tube separately, then its capacity is uneconomical usually to the cooling large space.
In patent DE3825155, US4407134 and disclosed U. S. application US2002073848, mention vortex tube and be used for producing cold airflow and producing thermal current at opposite side in a side as discrete device.Described pipe is not connected to any heat exchanger that has or do not have PCM yet, and this is because its continuous operation principle does not allow vortex tube and is connected as the equipment of described intermittent work in the present invention.Mention in EP1455157, PCM is only as heat-storing medium, but is not connected to external vortex tube, and these are different with the present invention.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is for forming Recuperative heat exchanger, and this Recuperative heat exchanger can be used for most applications, or even the disabled situation of external fluid; Particularly, the temperature difference that can be used for exporting and import fluid is not enough to guarantee the situation of PCM cholesteric-nematic transition.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of phase change material heat exchanger device, it comprises:
At least the first and second heat exchanger units, the size of each heat exchanger unit is suitable for making the fluid flow mistake, the direction of fluid stream is alternately reversed in each unit and is kept opposite, and at least one in described first and second heat exchanger units comprises phase-change material (PCM) storage heater
Vortex tube, it has inlet, first outlet and second outlet; With
Fluid tight chamber, described vortex tube is arranged in described fluid tight chamber, wherein, described vortex tube first and second the outlet in of leading in described first and second heat exchanger units, described vortex tube first and second the outlet in another lead in described first and second heat exchanger units another or lead to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of equipment, it comprises:
At least one vortex tube, it has inlet, first outlet and second outlet, described vortex tube is arranged in fluid tight chamber, the feasible first first fluid stream that exports from described vortex tube is conducted through the phase-change material storage heater in first heat exchanger unit, simultaneously, second stream that exports from described vortex tube is directed to described device external along opposite direction.
According to another aspect of the invention, provide a kind of phase change material heat exchanger cell arrangement, it comprises:
At least the first and second heat exchanger units, the size of each heat exchanger unit is suitable for making the fluid flow mistake, the direction of fluid stream is alternately reversed in each unit and is kept opposite, and at least one in described first and second heat exchanger units comprises phase-change material (PCM) storage heater;
Vortex tube, it flow to described at least one heat exchanger unit with respect at least one setting in described first and second heat exchanger units to carry chilled fluid flow or to add hot fluid, and wherein said vortex tube has inlet, first outlet and second outlet.
The present invention is applicable to the heat transmission between air, other gases and liquid.
Latent heat can't increase and be discovered along with temperature, this be since latent heat be material from a physical state to another physical state (for example, from ice to water and from water to steam) required energy.Such state-transition may be absorbed heat, that is, they perhaps may be heat releases in conjunction with (absorption) heat energy, that is, they discharge heat energy.Therefore, for example, water evaporates required energy and is released when steam is re-condensed into the form of aqueous water.
According to the present invention, a PCM storage heater is added at least one heat recovery units, and when airflow direction was reversed, the heat that is stored in the storage heater was released.Each storage heater is connected with heat recovery material, makes heat transmission as far as possible effectively carry out.This is important for handling based on the air of moisture condensation and evaporation.Be to be noted that the use heat recovery material is so unimportant for liquid handling.Described equipment comprises that two enthalpys reclaim the unit, and wherein, direction of fluid flow is counter-rotating alternately.Vortex tube can be positioned at first end of described equipment, and the hot/cold fluid is drawn by a chamber to PCM from first outlet from described vortex tube.Simultaneously, led to the 2nd PCM (if exist) or to the external space from second stream of vortex tube from second outlet.
According to the present invention, for heat exchanger, the initial phase transformation of PCM forms fast according to the temperature of the air of discharging vortex tube.When phase changes, turn-off vortex tube, for example, can be according to the adjustment vortex tube, and no longer need vortex tube work.Exist many modes to use the heat of vortex tube, cold flow; That is bootable outlet or inlet of air after the heating or cooled air, to device.Use which kind of mode to depend on economic conditions.Second stream that exports from vortex tube can be guided described unit into.Otherwise described stream leads to the external space, or draws with heating or cool off other objects, for example water.Guide to the heat exchanger of the described device that wherein is provided with PCM from the stream of first outlet.In second circulation, first cold or hot fluid is bootable by other heat exchanger/PCM.Guiding is not bootable to the external space by the stream of heat exchanger/PCM.Air heating or turn cold then.Thereby fast and effeciently form the temperature difference by vortex tube.
The PCM accumulator materials is applicable to specific temperature range.
That air-conditioning unit can be used for is cold, warm outdoor environment.Therefore need some PCM accumulator materials.In addition, for example, exhaust air heat pump can not effectively be worked in cold environment.When using above-mentioned vortex tube,, therefore, only need PCM accumulator materials seldom owing to vortex tube makes that the temperature of input fluid is highly stable and best before entering the PCM accumulator materials as pre-heater/cooler.
Vortex tube for example can be at the two ends or the middle part between heat exchanger and PCM of described device.In claim 1, discussed the phase-change heat-exchange apparatus more accurately.
According to the present invention, vortex tube is not enough to form in the temperature difference of indoor-outdoor air under the situation of PCM phase transformation and can uses with ventilation unit.
System of the present invention has higher efficient, and its coefficient of performance (COP) can reach 9.0, is higher than the COP mean value 2.7 of traditional cooling device.Energy effciency ratio in season of the present invention (SEER) is not owing to freeze relative more steady with not evaporating in summer in winter.The present invention has reduced the electrical peak load in winter and summer significantly.This is for the country of the enough electric power of frequent shortage, and China for example is unusual important problem.
Equipment of the present invention is cheap, and is quiet, light, is convenient to safeguard, and do not include harmful substances.
According to the present invention, described device only needs three blower fan work, that is, two are used to make air/fluid recirculation or ventilate (capacity two blower fan/pumps about equally need balance fluid stream and avoid pressure to descend), and one be used for vortex tube.The energy uses very low, thereby the electrical connection power demand is also lower.This might use the lower wattage power supply such as solar panel in for example cask and telecommunications base station.
The driven cooler of the compressor of vehicle needs engine to turn round when using compressor.Even thereby vehicle moves and also makes air contaminated.According to the present invention, if engine is not worked, then interior air cooling may have low power consumption.In the sealing isolation environment of for example submarine or toilet, when the supply of fresh air can't realize, low noise level was other basic demand.This low noise level can realize by the present invention.
In tradition ventilation, heat reclamation device and cooler have long investment and reclaim (payback) phase.Except initial cost, the heat recovering ventilation apparatus and the heat pump of traditional use outdoor air can not be worked under the situation that does not have extra external energy when temperature is lower than zero degrees celsius.Indoor air heat pumps also is useless when outdoor air is warmer than room air.Therefore, this device is annual all has very short duty cycle (winter or summer, but be not annual).If desired these two systems are used with air dryer or humidifier, then cost will be higher.Calculate according to the U.S. hot-zone and the average electricity charge thereof, ventilation unit of the present invention can have the investment payback time less than 1 year.Its good figure of merit in season (SPF) be because, described equipment was all worked in winter and summer, thereby annual long-term the use, promptly in fact use the whole year always.
Description of drawings
The present invention describes by example and with reference to accompanying drawing hereinafter, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of PCM heat exchanger apparatus of the present invention, wherein show its fluid stream and
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of vortex tube, wherein illustrates the fluid stream and heat exchanger and the phase-change material that are used for the different operating temperature according to the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, PCM heat exchanger apparatus according to the present invention comprises according at least two Recuperative heat exchanger unit 1a of backheat (regenerative) countercurrent action work and 1b, by described heat exchanger unit, air, gas or liquid stream are directed passing in and out described device according to the opposite flow direction that replaces and reverse by turns.Air stream is shown in arrow 22 and 24.Solid arrow 22 shows the air stream in a kind of circulation, and dotted arrow 24 shows the air stream in second kind of circulation.The direction of the air stream in unit 1a and 1b changes and can realize by known technology equipment, for example, and commutator, blower fan, reflector, air flap or runner commutator.The known technology equipment that these are used for changing the airflow direction of unit 1a and 1b schematically shows by parts 26a and 26b.
Alternately, as the change example that the air to two unit flows, can use single rotary-type Recuperative heat exchanger, but efficient is good not as two heat exchangers.
Heat exchanger (unit) 1a, 1b is adjacent to each other or the next-door neighbour places and separately, with mixing and the excessively heat conduction that prevents these streams.Make or comprise one or more units of some phase-change material by some phase-change material, promptly PCM storage heater (accumulator) 2,3 is installed among heat exchanger 1a, the 1b.When hot fluid entered one of them unit (for example 1a), hot fluid was delivered to this heat exchanger unit 1a with its energy (enthalpy), and can change the state of the material in the PCM storage heater 2.This causes the temperature change of streaming flow.Heat exchanger can be made by the highly heat-conductive material of for example aluminium or copper and so on, and this highly heat-conductive material preferably also has high heat capacity.Heat exchanger 1a, 1b can be in the middle part of described device.Heat exchanger 1a, 1b are spaced-apart and separate by wall 31,32 and described device by wall 30, wall 31,32 be in the two ends of described unit and have be used for shown in the opening of air stream. PCM storage heater 2,3 can be designed to produce enough mobile fluid turbulence.When having accumulated when entering enough heats of fluid, when perhaps PCM storage heater 2,3 produced phase transformations, the direction counter-rotating of fluid stream made colder fluid be heated through warm unit 1a, 1b the time, and vice versa.If formerly because cholesteric-nematic transition is stored, then heat also is discharged into the fluid stream from PCM storage heater 2 or 3 heat in the circulation.
Periodic duty especially can be according to temperature optimization.Under the situation of air stream, in this circulation, be included on the surface that airborne steam condenses in corresponding units, in circulation subsequently, steam is back in the air by evaporation.The required energy of evaporation water steam is supplied with from described unit and PCM storage heater 2 or 3, and air is cooling therefore, and PCM storage heater 2 or 3 produces phase transformation, and is for example extremely solid-state from liquid state.In circulation after this, hot-air is arriving cold unit and PCM storage heater 2 or being cooled in 3 o'clock, when circulation finishes, this cold unit is heated, and PCM storage heater 2 or 3 produces phase transformation once more, now from solid-state to liquid, thereby cause airflow direction to reverse once more.Therefore, can be arranged on a plurality of PCM storage heaters 2,3 of different temperatures scope, that is, another storage heater is started working when a storage heater stops, and perhaps, a storage heater is operated in the cold environment, and another storage heater is operated in the warm environment. PCM storage heater 2,3 can only be provided with in a heat exchanger unit therein; Yet, if in each heat exchanger unit 1a, 1b, all have at least one PCM storage heater 2,3, make that another storage heater fills heat continuously when a storage heater heat release, can realize higher efficient.Also can emit, thereby allow heat to be used for other purposes, for example water heating by using other fluid circulation system (subloop) that heat is filled in the PCM storage heater 2,3 or from PCM storage heater 2,3.The present invention not only is suitable for building and vehicle, and be applicable to industrial process and for example computer, electric device etc. the device in heat management.
Described PCM storage heater utilizes latent heat.On the other hand, phase transformation needs many energy.This temperature difference/heat is by having the vortex tube 6-8 formation/enhancing of hollow tube.Described vortex tube can be arranged in fluid tight chamber 4, or in the zone between unit 1a and 1b (chamber) 4 '.Compressed air is tangentially guided to inlet 40 and is entered among the vortex tube 6-8.Warm air is discharged from first outlet 42, and cold air is discharged from second outlet 44.Fluid flows heat or cooling unit 1a, 1b and relevant PCM storage heater 2,3.Untapped stream from vortex tube 6-8 is bootable to the external space 50 in this process, and perhaps, described untapped stream can be used for for example water of cooling.And, also can be used in this process from other streams of vortex tube 6-8.Usually, in device, only use a vortex tube 6-8.
For example, as shown in Figure 2,21 ℃ air 9 is directed among the vortex tube 6-8 at inlet 40 by blower fan/compressor/pump 52 (pressure is the 6-7 crust).From first outlet, 42 the mobile stream of described vortex tube+76 ℃ stream 12.PCM storage heater 3 is in solid-state.When warm fluid flow through heat exchanger unit 1b and PCM storage heater 3, PCM storage heater 3 produced from solid-state to liquid phase transformation.When fluid outflow heat exchanger unit 1b, its temperature drops to+and 32 ℃ and form stream 13.Heat energy and enthalpy are absorbed in the heat recovery material of aluminium for example or copper and in the PCM accumulator materials 3.Another PCM storage heater 2 is owing to work in the different temperatures scope, thereby to the not reaction of this temperature.Second outlet, 44 mobile stream from described vortex tube is that temperature is-34 ℃ a stream 10 in outlet 44.The structure of this side and foregoing structure on the opposite side of vortex tube are similarly, and its difference is, PCM accumulator materials 2 since cold fluid 10 produce from extremely solid-state phase transformation of liquid state.In this process, fluid temperature (F.T.) from-34 ℃ increase to+10 ℃.PCM storage heater 2 has been released in the heat energy that stores in the previous circulation.Another PCM storage heater 3 is inoperative because this temperature is unsuitable for its phase transformation.
The present invention uses material phase transformation (PCM) by for example Umklapp process by turns between solid-state and liquid state,, utilizes the latent heat of fusion that is.
The energy that is used for material phase transformation is called as latent heat.The present invention uses (absorption) heat, to produce two kinds of phase transformations simultaneously, that is, and in first outlet 42 of vortex tube 6-8 for example from solid-state to liquid 2, and simultaneously in second outlet 44 of vortex tube 6-8 from liquid state to solid-state 3.In addition, utilization of the present invention heat exchanger 1a, 1b lip-deep condense and evaporation process in the hygrometric state phase transformation.Thus, efficient of the present invention is very high.
When these phase transformations have taken place, by the mobile counter-rotating of heat exchanger 1.In addition, must change the stream 10,12 of vortex tube 6-8.This can realize in the following way, for example, (see dotted arrow 56) by using valve, pipeline or plate that streaming flow is imported in the heat exchanger 1, perhaps by utilizing the some different vortex tubes 7,8 that use by turns (when a pipe is connected, another manages shutoff, vice versa), perhaps single vortex tube 7 can rotate according to the increment of for example 180 degree, and is as shown in arrow 14.
Umklapp process discharges the energy with previous absorbed energy same amount.
Because the phase transformation (latent heat) of material needs obvious more energy than heating or cooling, therefore the objective of the invention is to, as far as possible near transformation temperature or phase transition temperature work.In other words, the present invention forces PCM storage heater 2,3 as far as possible repeatedly to change its state in special time period.
In case the temperature difference of the air/fluid of indoor and outdoor is enough to produce available material phase transformation, then vortex tube 6-8 can turn-off.
On the other hand, use vortex tube 6-8 can be not enough in the temperature difference of indoor and outdoor surroundings produce when phase transformation takes place and use the present invention, in other words, purpose be in order to utilize the temperature difference.At fluid under situation about in the space, recycling according to the present invention, fluid warming or cooling.For air, there is not ventilation, the present invention only is a heater/cooler.
Although shown and described and pointed out the basic new feature that is applied to its preferred embodiment of the present invention, but what it will be understood by those skilled in the art that is, under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, can on the form of described apparatus and method and details, carry out various omissions and replacement and change.For example, be apparent that, realize the element of same effect and/or all combinations of method step, be in the scope of the present invention thereby carry out essentially identical function in essentially identical mode.In addition, what should be familiar with is, in conjunction with any open form of the present invention or the shown and/or described structure of embodiment and/or element and/or method step, can be included in any other disclosed or that describe or suggestion form or embodiment as the common scheme of design alternative.Therefore, the present invention is only by limiting shown in the scope of this appended claim.In addition, in the claims, the statement that device adds function is intended to cover the structure of the described function of execution described herein, comprises that not only structure is equal to setting, and comprises equivalent structure.Therefore, although nail and screw may not be structural equivalent (this are because nail adopts the post surface that wooden part is tightened together, and screw adopts helical surface), under the situation of fixing wooden part, nail and screw can be equivalent structure.
Claims (24)
1. phase change material heat exchanger device comprises:
At least the first and second heat exchanger units, the size of each heat exchanger unit is suitable for making the fluid flow mistake, the direction of fluid stream is alternately reversed in each unit and is kept opposite, and at least one in described first and second heat exchanger units comprises phase-change material (PCM) storage heater
Vortex tube, it has inlet, first outlet and second outlet; With
Fluid tight chamber, described vortex tube is arranged in described fluid tight chamber, wherein, described vortex tube first and second the outlet in of leading in described first and second heat exchanger units, described vortex tube first and second the outlet in another lead in described first and second heat exchanger units another or lead to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
2. phase-change material as claimed in claim 1 (PCM) heat exchanger apparatus, wherein, when the temperature difference from the fluid of described device stream and the fluid stream that arrives described device was enough to make the work of described phase-change material (PCM) storage heater, described vortex tube quit work.
3. phase-change material as claimed in claim 1 (PCM) heat exchanger apparatus, wherein, a plurality of phase-change material (PCM) storage heaters that change jobs of taking turns are arranged in each self-corresponding heat exchanger unit.
4. phase-change material as claimed in claim 3 (PCM) heat exchanger apparatus, wherein, at least some storage heaters have different operating temperature ranges in the described storage heater.
5. phase-change material as claimed in claim 1 (PCM) heat exchanger apparatus, wherein, the size of described phase-change material (PCM) heat exchanger apparatus is applicable to one of the following: building, vehicle, submarine, aircraft, cask, computer, Cryo Equipment, space technology equipment and supercritical carbon dioxide application apparatus.
6. equipment comprises:
At least one vortex tube, it has inlet, first outlet and second outlet, described vortex tube is arranged in fluid tight chamber, the feasible first first fluid stream that exports from described vortex tube is conducted through the phase-change material storage heater in first heat exchanger unit, simultaneously, second stream that exports from described vortex tube is directed to described device external along opposite direction.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 6, further comprise: be arranged in the second phase-change material storage heater of second heat exchanger unit, wherein alternately guided to phase-change material storage heater in first heat exchanger unit and the phase-change material storage heater in second heat exchanger unit from the first fluid stream of first outlet of described vortex tube.
8. equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the alternately fluid stream of first outlet of described vortex tube by exporting related pipeline or plate with first of described vortex tube, is alternately located with respect to the phase-change material storage heater in described first and second heat exchanger units.
9. equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the alternately output of first outlet of described vortex tube, by with described vortex tube alternately Rotate 180 ° locate with respect to the phase-change material storage heater in described first and second heat exchanger units.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 7, further comprise: second vortex tube, it is arranged in described fluid tight chamber, the feasible first first fluid stream that exports from described second vortex tube is conducted through the phase-change material storage heater related with described second heat exchanger unit, wherein said first and second vortex tubes turn on and off by turns, make at any given time to have only the fluid stream from its first outlet of a vortex tube to flow.
11. equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein, use single rotary-type Recuperative heat exchanger unit to substitute described first and second heat exchanger units, described rotary-type Recuperative heat exchanger is between cold, warm fluid flow, make fluid stream alternately not reverse, and make that when described Recuperative heat exchanger unit rotates the first fluid stream that exports from first of described vortex tube passes through described phase-change material storage heater.
12. a phase change material heat exchanger cell arrangement comprises:
At least the first and second heat exchanger units, the size of each heat exchanger unit is suitable for making the fluid flow mistake, the direction of fluid stream is alternately reversed in each unit and is kept opposite, and at least one in described first and second heat exchanger units comprises phase-change material (PCM) storage heater;
Vortex tube, it flow to described at least one heat exchanger unit with respect at least one setting in described first and second heat exchanger units to carry chilled fluid flow or to add hot fluid, and wherein said vortex tube has inlet, first outlet and second outlet.
13. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 12, wherein, when the direction of passing through described heat exchanger unit of fluid stream is alternately reversed, describedly be delivered to the chilled fluid flow of at least one heat exchanger unit in described first and second heat exchanger units or add hot fluid stream, be transported to another heat exchanger unit by described vortex tube.
14. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 13, wherein, described vortex tube is carried cooling fluid to flow in the described heat exchanger unit and is carried simultaneously and adds hot fluid and flow in the described heat exchanger unit another, wherein, when the direction of passing through described heat exchanger unit of fluid stream is alternately reversed, this conveying counter-rotating.
15. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the chilled fluid flow that is not transported to one of described heat exchanger unit of described vortex tube or add hot fluid stream and be transported to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
16. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 12, wherein, the chilled fluid flow that is not transported to one of described heat exchanger unit of described vortex tube or add hot fluid stream and be transported to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
17. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 12 further comprises second vortex tube, described second vortex tube is provided with respect to another heat exchanger unit, flow to described another heat exchanger unit to carry chilled fluid flow or to add hot fluid.
18. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 17, wherein, by described vortex tube and described second vortex tube with chilled fluid flow or add this conveying that hot fluid stream is delivered to each heat exchanger unit, along with the alternately counter-rotating of the direction of fluid flow in described heat exchanger unit, by turns for each heat exchanger unit.
19. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 18, wherein, the chilled fluid flow that is not transported to one of described heat exchanger unit of described vortex tube or add hot fluid stream and be transported to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
20. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 17, wherein, the chilled fluid flow that is not transported to one of described heat exchanger unit of described vortex tube or add hot fluid stream and be transported to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
21. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 12, further comprise fluid tight chamber, described vortex tube is arranged in described fluid tight chamber at least in part, flow to described at least one heat exchanger unit thereby can carry chilled fluid flow or add hot fluid.
22. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 21, wherein, the chilled fluid flow that is not transported to one of described heat exchanger unit of described vortex tube or add hot fluid stream and be transported to described heat exchanger apparatus outside.
23. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 12, wherein, when the temperature difference from the fluid of described device stream and the fluid stream that arrives described device was enough to make the work of described phase-change material (PCM) storage heater, described vortex tube quit work.
24. phase change material heat exchanger device as claimed in claim 22, wherein, a plurality of phase-change material (PCM) storage heaters that change jobs of taking turns are arranged in each self-corresponding unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20051018A FI20051018L (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2005-10-10 | Heat exchanger that utilizes a solid change and a vortex tube |
| FI20051018 | 2005-10-10 | ||
| FI20060896A FI119705B (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-10-10 | Phase change heat exchanger |
| PCT/FI2006/050434 WO2007042621A1 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-10-10 | Phase change material heat exchanger |
| FI20060896 | 2006-10-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101283231A CN101283231A (en) | 2008-10-08 |
| CN101283231B true CN101283231B (en) | 2010-06-23 |
Family
ID=35185159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800377586A Expired - Fee Related CN101283231B (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-10-10 | Phase change material heat exchanger |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101283231B (en) |
| FI (1) | FI20051018L (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010009181A1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 80686 | Method and device for storing and emitting heat by means of a phase change material |
| EP2570758B1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2015-02-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Thermal energy storage and recovery device |
| FR2985007B1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-02-21 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | REGENERATOR. |
| CN108362025B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2023-10-31 | 南京工业大学 | Airborne spray cooling system using phase change material to cool spray medium and micro-channel heat exchanger to prevent failure |
| US11420149B2 (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2022-08-23 | Climeworks Ag | Efficient method and device for adsorption/desorption of carbon dioxide from gas streams |
| CN111530207A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-14 | 黄龙标 | Viscous gas-liquid opposite-flushing type high-temperature flue gas discharge device |
| DE102022003647A1 (en) | 2022-10-04 | 2024-04-04 | Thomas Brandmeier | Method for operating a rotary heat exchanger device and rotor storage mass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4407134A (en) * | 1981-11-19 | 1983-10-04 | Snaper Alvin A | Air conditioning system |
| US5901572A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1999-05-11 | Rocky Research | Auxiliary heating and air conditioning system for a motor vehicle |
| CN1256751A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2000-06-14 | 穆丹制造公司 | Heat accumulator, especially a PCM device |
| CN2659609Y (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2004-12-01 | 叶横灿 | Mainshaft broaching tool gear |
| EP1455156A3 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2006-06-07 | Imtech Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Room temperature conditioner |
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2005
- 2005-10-10 FI FI20051018A patent/FI20051018L/en unknown
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2006
- 2006-10-10 CN CN2006800377586A patent/CN101283231B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4407134A (en) * | 1981-11-19 | 1983-10-04 | Snaper Alvin A | Air conditioning system |
| US5901572A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1999-05-11 | Rocky Research | Auxiliary heating and air conditioning system for a motor vehicle |
| CN1256751A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2000-06-14 | 穆丹制造公司 | Heat accumulator, especially a PCM device |
| EP1455156A3 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2006-06-07 | Imtech Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Room temperature conditioner |
| CN2659609Y (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2004-12-01 | 叶横灿 | Mainshaft broaching tool gear |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI20051018A0 (en) | 2005-10-10 |
| CN101283231A (en) | 2008-10-08 |
| FI20051018L (en) | 2007-04-11 |
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