CN101277289A - Method and apparatus for transmitting pilot frequency - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for transmitting pilot frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN101277289A CN101277289A CNA2007100906798A CN200710090679A CN101277289A CN 101277289 A CN101277289 A CN 101277289A CN A2007100906798 A CNA2007100906798 A CN A2007100906798A CN 200710090679 A CN200710090679 A CN 200710090679A CN 101277289 A CN101277289 A CN 101277289A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the communication field, the embodiment of the invention discloses a pilot frequency transmission method, a transmission device, the method comprises the steps of: determining density distribution of pilot frequency symbols, thereby leading the density distribution of pilot frequency symbols to meet the demand that: in a time domain direction, the adjacent pilot frequency symbols distributed to the same antenna are respectively located at different sub-carrier waves of different orthogonal frequency division symbols; transmitting the pilot frequency symbols and the data symbols according to the density distribution of pilot frequency symbols. The technical proposal provided by the embodiment of the invention is able to actualize equalization of pilot frequency expenditure and channel estimated performance in case that a plurality of resource blocks are distributed to the same user.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate to a kind of pilot frequency transmitting method, emitter especially.
Background technology
The present third generation (3rd Generation, be called for short 3G) the ripe gradually commercialization of mobile communication technology, third generation partner plans two (3rd Generation Partnership Project2, abbreviation 3GPP2) CDMA20001XEV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized, evolution data optimization) can further in the coming years, provide competitive wireless access system, but want to keep the competitiveness of 10 years futures or more than ten years, need to introduce new wireless access technology.
At present industry is reached preliminary common recognition with regard to the technology of the eating dishes without rice or wine evolution of 3GPP2, i.e. evolution is divided into two stages and carries out: the stage 1 is adopted the multi-carrier EV-DO technology, more considers compatiblely, and this is the evolution items of short-term; 2 of stages are to introduce more advanced technology, such as OFDM (OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplex, be called for short OFDM) technology, to importing many output (Multiple-inputMultiple-output, be called for short MIMO) technology etc., the introduction of these technology can improve the spectrum efficiency and the peak rate of wireless access system greatly, is the evolution target of 3GPP2 standard long-term.
Ofdm communication adopts the channel estimation methods based on pilot tone to carry out channel estimating, promptly in data streams, insert pilot signal, thereby receiving terminal extraction pilot tone obtains the channel response on the pilot tone, utilizes the method for interpolation to estimate the locational channel response of other data carriers again.The target of pilot design research is to obtain estimated performance preferably with lower implementation complexity and expense.
The accurate estimation of selecting the proper pilot pattern to carry out pilot transmission assurance pilot tone is the key that improves the ofdm system performance, and it directly has influence on the message transmission rate of pilot tone estimated result and system's maximum.The pilot tone number that inserts at transmitting terminal too much can influence the speed of communication, and the pilot tone number is very few can not to estimate channel parameter again effectively.
Along with people to the pilot transmission Study on Technology, summarize following basic theories rule, when pilot design, carry out reference for people:
(1) length of establishing noisiless channel is L, when total number of sub-carriers is K, can estimate channel accurately with L pilot tone.
(2) when L pilot tone equidistantly distributes, the least mean-square error minimum of channel estimating.
(3) when channel is time varying channel, the equidistant scheme of pilot tone of inserting is than periodically the mean square error of insertion pilot tone is little on time-domain in each symbol.
(4) the pilot tone homenergic distributes.
(5) pilot tone of different OFDM symbols uniformly-spaced is interspersed littler than the mean square error of distributed rectangular channel.
(6) the pilot tone mutually orthogonal of different transmit antennas.
On the basis of as far as possible satisfying above-mentioned rule, prior art adopts following pilot design scheme usually:
For fast fourier transform algorithm (Fast Fourier Transform Algorithm, be called for short FFT) count more than or equal to 512 Resource Block, with 8 OFDM symbols on time-domain, on frequency domain, 16 subcarriers of every OFDM symbol are a pilot design unit, the pilot frequency format in each Resource Block of 3 kinds of special uses is provided, and the form shown among Fig. 1 101 is a default format, can support the situation that order equals 3; Form shown among Fig. 1 102 is used to support delay extended channel when high; Form shown among Fig. 1 103 is used to the situation of supporting that order equals 4.
Count less than 512 Resource Block for FFT, so that 8 OFDM symbols to be arranged on time-domain, on frequency domain, 8 subcarriers of every OFDM symbol are a pilot design unit, two kinds of pilot frequency formats in each Resource Block shown among Fig. 2 201,202 are provided, and in Fig. 2, the form shown in 201 is a default format, can be used in the situation of supporting that order equals 3, the form shown in 202 is used to support delay extended channel when high.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, in pilot frequency design, (form shown in 202 among 101 among Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is supported 3 antennas by distributing to each antenna, among among Fig. 1 102, Fig. 2 202 is 2 antennas, form shown among Fig. 1 103 is supported 4 antennas) the frequency pilot sign string that constitutes of frequency pilot sign on time-domain and frequency domain, be spacedly distributed respectively, and the interval of each frequency pilot sign on time-domain and frequency domain of distributing to the same antenna equates.
In pilot frequency design, the adjacent pilot symbols interval on the time-domain, promptly pilot symbol interval is: in the number of the data symbol between adjacent two frequency pilot signs on the time-domain; Adjacent pilot frequencies interval on the time-domain, promptly pilot symbol interval is: in the number of the data symbol between adjacent two frequency pilot signs on the frequency domain.
But, when a plurality of Resource Block need continuous dispensing to give same user, use with above-mentioned pilot design method, can cause the serious uneven distribution in the interval of frequency pilot sign on frequency domain in a plurality of continuous resource pieces, cause the waste of pilot-frequency expense:
In order to lower the complexity of pilot design, agreement is defined in when sending pilot tone, and when a plurality of continuous resource pieces were assigned to same user, the pilot frequency format in each Resource Block in a plurality of Resource Block was identical.Therefore, when when a plurality of continuous resource pieces are assigned to same user, can obtain the pilot frequency format of a plurality of Resource Block shown in Fig. 3,4 respectively respectively according to the pilot frequency format shown in Fig. 1,2.By Fig. 3,4 as seen, when a plurality of continuous resource block assignments are given same user, adopt pilot design scheme commonly used at present, no matter according to Fig. 1 or arbitrary pilot frequency format shown in Figure 2, all can cause the interval uneven distribution of frequency pilot sign on frequency domain in a plurality of continuous resource pieces: the interval 301 and 302 as frequency pilot sign among Fig. 3 differs bigger, the interval 303 and 304 of frequency pilot sign differs bigger, and the interval 305 and 306 of frequency pilot sign differs bigger; The interval 401 and 402 of frequency pilot sign differs bigger among Fig. 4, and the interval 403 and 404 of frequency pilot sign differs bigger.Because for the pilot tone of the same antenna, the frequency pilot sign of interval too small can influence not quite the letter of channel estimating, can not significantly improve channel estimating performance, it is special when two frequency pilot signs are adjacent, arbitrary in the adjacent frequency pilot sign can not increase the pilot channel estimation performance, that is: for interval too small even be spaced apart zero frequency pilot sign, remove that wherein any one can't bring remarkable influence to channel estimating performance.Therefore, the technical scheme of using prior art to adopt usually, when a plurality of continuous resource pieces were assigned to same user, the interval uneven distribution of the frequency pilot sign in the continuous resource piece on frequency domain can cause the unnecessary waste of pilot-frequency expense.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of pilot frequency transmitting method, realizes realizing the equilibrium of pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating performance when a plurality of Resource Block are assigned to same user.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of emitter, realizes realizing the equilibrium of pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating performance when a plurality of Resource Block are assigned to same user.
The pilot frequency transmitting method that the embodiment of the invention provides can comprise:
Determine the density distribution of frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign is satisfied: on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol;
According to the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign, launch described frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
The emitter that the embodiment of the invention provides can comprise:
The first pilot density distribution determining unit, be used for determining the density distribution of frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign is satisfied: on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol;
Transmitter unit according to the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign, is launched described frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, owing to use the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, when the emission pilot tone, make the pilot distribution that is sent satisfy on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol, can make the pilot frequency design that is assigned to the same antenna on time-domain and frequency domain, be interspersed, make the frequency pilot sign that is sent in a plurality of Resource Block, interval on frequency domain, for the pilot design method that the common technology scheme of prior art provides, its degree of irregularity reduces greatly.Thereby make to be assigned under same user's the situation, use the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, can better realize the equilibrium of pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating performance at a plurality of continuous Resource Block.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, does not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Counting more than or equal to the pilot design form of 512 Resource Block for FFT of providing in the prior art is provided Fig. 1;
Counting less than the pilot design form of 512 Resource Block for FFT of providing in the prior art is provided Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 is in the prior art, utilizes pilot frequency format shown in Figure 1, the pilot design form in the many Resource Block that obtain;
Fig. 4 is in the prior art, utilizes pilot frequency format shown in Figure 2, the pilot design form in the many Resource Block that obtain;
Fig. 5 is the pilot frequency transmitting method schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is in the embodiment of the invention, and more than or equal to 5MHz, FFT counts more than or equal to a kind of pilot frequency format schematic diagram of 512 Resource Block design for system bandwidth;
Fig. 7 is in the embodiment of the invention, and less than 5MHz, FFT counts less than a kind of pilot frequency format schematic diagram of 512 Resource Block design for system bandwidth;
In Fig. 8 embodiment of the invention, more than or equal to 5MHz, the FFT of Resource Block counts more than or equal to 512 channel for system bandwidth, the pilot distribution form schematic diagram in the many Resource Block that obtain according to pilot design form shown in Figure 6;
In Fig. 9 embodiment of the invention, more than or equal to 5MHz, the FFT of Resource Block counts less than 512 channel for system bandwidth, the pilot distribution form schematic diagram in the many Resource Block that obtain according to pilot design form shown in Figure 7;
Figure 10 is in the embodiment of the invention, and more than or equal to 5MHz, FFT counts more than or equal to the another kind of pilot frequency format schematic diagram of 512 Resource Block design for system bandwidth;
Figure 11 is in the embodiment of the invention, and less than 5MHz, FFT counts less than the another kind of pilot frequency format schematic diagram of 512 Resource Block design for system bandwidth;
In Figure 12 embodiment of the invention, more than or equal to 5MHz, the FFT of Resource Block counts more than or equal to 512 channel for system bandwidth, the pilot distribution form schematic diagram in the many Resource Block that obtain according to pilot design form shown in Figure 10;
In Figure 13 embodiment of the invention, more than or equal to 5MHz, the FFT of Resource Block counts less than 512 channel for system bandwidth, the pilot distribution form schematic diagram in the many Resource Block that obtain according to pilot design form shown in Figure 11;
Figure 14 is in the embodiment of the invention, the frequency pilot sign that obtains is transmitted into the schematic flow sheet of channel;
Figure 15 is in the present embodiment, and receiving terminal obtains the schematic flow sheet of data-signal according to pilot tone;
The first kind emitter structural representation of Figure 16 for providing in the embodiment of the invention;
The second kind emitter structural representation of Figure 17 for providing in the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 18 the third emitter structural representation for providing in the embodiment of the invention;
The four kind emitter structural representation of Figure 19 for providing in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.At this, illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of pilot frequency transmitting method that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention, as shown, this method can comprise step:
Step 501: the density distribution of determining frequency pilot sign.
In order to guarantee that receiving terminal can carry out effective channel estimating according to the pilot frequency information that receives, when transmitting terminal emission frequency pilot sign, need carry out pilot design according to the minimum coherence bandwidth (relevant) of channel, minimum coherence time (relevant) and channel estimation method with maximum doppler frequency with maximum multipath time delay, make the insertion position of the interior frequency pilot sign of time-domain can make channel estimating can catch up with the variation of channel transfer function, and don't increase the overhead of system too much.
For the variation of adaptive channel, frequency pilot sign is determined by two-dimentional Nyquist (Nyquist) sampling thheorem at the lower limit of the density of time-domain and frequency domain:
Being located at pilot symbol interval on the frequency domain (minimum number of the data symbol between the adjacent pilot symbols) is: N
F, maximum multipath time delay is: τ
Max, subcarrier spacing is: Δ F, the pilot symbol interval on time-domain is: N
T, maximum doppler frequency is: f
Dmax, the OFDM symbol period is: T then can obtain N according to the Nyquist sampling thheorem
F, N
TShould meet the following conditions:
τ
max*ΔF*N
F≤1/2；f
Dmax*T*N
T≤1/2............(1)。
Wherein the frequency pilot sign of following formula (1) indication is spaced apart interval between the frequency pilot sign that is assigned to the same antenna.If when needing to comprise the frequency pilot sign of a plurality of antennas in the signal of being launched, the pilot frequency character density lower limit of each antenna all can be determined according to the condition shown in the above-mentioned formula (1) so.
After having determined the density lower limit of frequency pilot sign on time-domain and frequency domain, on the basis of satisfying this density lower limit, the feasible density distribution of distributing to the frequency pilot sign of the same antenna satisfies:
On the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different OFDM symbols, promptly make in time and frequency that the adjacent pilot symbols on the time-domain direction takies all inequalityly, on pilot patterns, form and be interspersed.This pilot design technical scheme can be assigned under same user's the situation when a plurality of Resource Block, with respect to the pilot design method that the common technology scheme of prior art provides, lowers the degree of irregularity of the pilot symbol interval in a plurality of Resource Block.Thereby make and be assigned under same user's the situation at a plurality of continuous Resource Block, use this technical scheme, the pilot design scheme that can provide with respect to the common technology scheme of prior art, can better realize the equilibrium of pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating performance: promptly under the situation of equal expense, has the good channel estimated performance, under the situation of low channel estimating performance, has lower pilot-frequency expense.
In addition, in view of the equidistant distribution between the frequency pilot sign, can improve channel estimating performance, make it have less square mean error amount, therefore when the design pilot tone, take into account the optimum equalization of pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating, we can be so that equate at the interval between the frequency pilot sign adjacent on the frequency domain direction as far as possible: the interval between each adjacent pilot symbols equates or approximately equal, and/or on the time-domain direction, the interval between each adjacent pilot symbols equates.
In addition, when transmitting the pilot tone of many antennas simultaneously if desired, can be with reference to the regulation of existing protocol, make according to top pilot design scheme, can obtain as Fig. 6, pilot frequency design shown in Figure 7, in the drawings with 8 the OFDM symbols of every Resource Block on time-domain, on frequency domain, 16 subcarriers of every OFDM symbol are example.0,1,2...15 at first in Fig. 6, the form shown in Figure 7, regulation: the numbering of subcarrier on a Resource Block is respectively from top to bottom:, OFDM symbol numbering from left to right is respectively: 0,1...7.
Form shown among Fig. 6 601 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, and support a kind of pilot frequency format that the ofdm system that order equals 3, FFT are counted and designed more than or equal to 512 Resource Block for system bandwidth.As shown, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 0, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
By 601 among Fig. 6 as seen, the pilot design scheme shown in 101 in the pilot-frequency expense of using this pilot design scheme and the prior art among Fig. 1 is identical, is: 14.06%.
In utilizing Fig. 6 601 shown in the pilot design scheme, carry out channel pilot frequency when being provided with, the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown among Fig. 8 801.
Form shown among Fig. 6 602 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, and support a kind of pilot frequency format that the ofdm system that order equals 2, FFT are counted and designed more than or equal to 512 Resource Block for system bandwidth.As shown, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 0,2,5,8,11,14 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 1,4,7,10,13,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 0,2,5,8,11,14 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 1,4,7,10,13,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6.
By 602 among Fig. 6 as seen, the pilot design scheme shown in 102 in the pilot-frequency expense of using this pilot design scheme and the prior art among Fig. 1 is identical, is: 18.75%.
When utilize that Fig. 6 plants 602 shown in the pilot design scheme, carry out channel pilot frequency when being provided with, the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 802 forms among Fig. 8.
Form shown among Fig. 6 603 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, and support a kind of pilot frequency format that the ofdm system that order equals 2, FFT are counted and designed more than or equal to 512 Resource Block for system bandwidth.As shown, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 0, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 4;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 3 lays respectively at: on 1,7,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 3, on 4,10,15 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
By the form shown in 603 among Fig. 6 as seen, the pilot design scheme shown in 103 in the pilot-frequency expense of using this pilot design scheme and the prior art among Fig. 1 is identical, is: 18.75%.
The scheme of pilot design shown in 603 is carried out channel pilot frequency when being provided with in utilizing Fig. 6, and the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 803 forms among Fig. 8.
Form is shown among Fig. 7 701: less than 5MHz, and support a kind of pilot frequency format that the ofdm system that order equals 3, FFT are counted and designed less than 512 Resource Block for system bandwidth.As shown, in each Resource Block, the pilot tone OFDM symbol of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 0,4 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 0, on 2,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 0,4 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 2,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 0,4 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 2,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
By among Fig. 7 701 as seen, the pilot design scheme shown in 201 in the pilot-frequency expense of using this pilot design scheme and the prior art among Fig. 2 is identical, is: 14.06%.
The scheme of pilot design shown in 701 is carried out channel pilot frequency when being provided with in utilizing Fig. 7, and the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 901 forms among Fig. 9.
Form shown in 702 is among Fig. 7: less than 5MHz, and support a kind of pilot frequency format that the ofdm system that order equals 2, FFT are counted and designed less than 512 Resource Block for system bandwidth.Shown among the figure 702, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 0,3,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 1,4,7 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 0,3,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 1,4,7 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6.
By among Fig. 7 702 as seen, the pilot design scheme shown in 101 in the pilot-frequency expense of using this pilot design scheme and the prior art among Fig. 1 is identical, is: 18.75%.
The scheme of pilot design shown in 702 is carried out channel pilot frequency when being provided with in utilizing Fig. 7, and the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 902 forms among Fig. 9.
By Fig. 8, Fig. 9 as seen, when the pilot design method that utilizes the embodiment of the invention to provide is provided with channel pilot frequency, interval uniformity between the frequency pilot sign in a plurality of Resource Block is better, each equates at interval or approximately equal, has the good channel estimated performance with respect to the pilot design scheme of prior art.The analysis that basis in addition is above, the visible needed pilot-frequency expense of pilot design scheme transmission pilot tone shown in Fig. 6,7 that obtains according to the present embodiment technical scheme of utilizing is same as the prior art.Therefore the visible pilot design scheme of using the embodiment of the invention in terms of existing technologies, under the situation that needs the same pilot expense, has pilot tone estimated performance preferably, i.e. better equalization channel estimated performance and pilot-frequency expense.
Figure 10, Figure 11 another kind of pilot frequency format for obtaining according to the pilot design scheme in the embodiment of the invention, in the drawings with 8 the OFDM symbols of every Resource Block on time-domain, on frequency domain, 16 subcarriers of every OFDM symbol are example.
Form shown among Figure 10 1001 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, the ofdm system that order equals 3, FFT are counted more than or equal to 512 Resource Block and the another kind of pilot frequency format that designs for system bandwidth.Diagram, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 1,9 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 0, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 1,19 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 1,9 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 3, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6.
By 1001 among Figure 10 as seen, use the pilot-frequency expense of this pilot design scheme to be: 9.37%, saved 4.7% than the pilot-frequency expense of the pilot design scheme shown in 101 among Fig. 1 in the prior art.
In utilizing Figure 10 1001 shown in the pilot design scheme carry out channel pilot frequency when being provided with, the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 1201 forms among Figure 12.
Form shown among Figure 10 1002 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, the ofdm system that order equals 2, FFT are counted more than or equal to 512 Resource Block and the another kind of pilot frequency format that designs for system bandwidth.Shown in 1002, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 0,4,8,12 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 2,6,10,14 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 0,4,8,12 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 2,6,10,14 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 0,4,8,12 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 3, on 2,6,10,14 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
1002 as seen by, use the pilot-frequency expense of this pilot design scheme to be: 12.15%, saved 6.25% with respect to the pilot-frequency expense of the pilot design scheme shown in 102 among Fig. 1 in the prior art.
The scheme of pilot design shown in 1002 is carried out channel pilot frequency when being provided with in utilizing Figure 10, and the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 1202 forms among Figure 12.
Form is shown among Figure 10 1003: more than or equal to 5MHz, the ofdm system that order equals 4, FFT are counted more than or equal to 512 Resource Block and the another kind of pilot frequency format that designs for system bandwidth.Shown in 1003, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 1,9 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 0, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 4;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 1,9 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 1,9 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 3 lays respectively at: on 1,9 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 3, on 5,13 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
By 1003 among Figure 10 as seen, use the pilot-frequency expense of this pilot design scheme to be: 12.15%, saved 6.25% with respect to the pilot-frequency expense of the pilot design scheme shown in 1003 among Fig. 1 in the prior art.
In utilizing Figure 10 1003 shown in the pilot design scheme carry out channel pilot frequency when being provided with, the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 1203 forms among Figure 12.
Form shown among Figure 11 1101 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, and support the ofdm system that order equals 3, FFT to count for system bandwidth less than 512 Resource Block, and the another kind of pilot frequency format of design.Shown in 1101, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 2 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 0, on 5 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 2 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 5 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 2 lays respectively at: on 2 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 5 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 7.
1101 as seen by, use the pilot-frequency expense of this pilot design scheme to be: 9.37%, saved 4.7% with respect to the pilot-frequency expense of the pilot design scheme shown in 201 among Fig. 2 in the prior art.
In utilizing Figure 11 1101 shown in the pilot design scheme carry out channel pilot frequency when being provided with, the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 1301 forms among Figure 13.
Form shown among Figure 12 1201 is: more than or equal to 5MHz, and support the another kind of pilot frequency format that the ofdm system that order equals 2, FFT are counted and designed less than 512 Resource Block for system bandwidth.Diagram, in each Resource Block, the frequency pilot sign of antenna 0 lays respectively at: on 0,4 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 1, on 2,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 5;
The frequency pilot sign of antenna 1 lays respectively at: on 0,4 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 2, on 2,6 subcarriers of OFDM symbol 6.
1201 as seen by, use the pilot-frequency expense of this pilot design scheme to be: 12.15%, saved 6.25% with respect to the pilot-frequency expense of the pilot design scheme shown in 201 among Fig. 2 in the prior art.
The scheme of pilot design shown in 1201 is carried out channel pilot frequency when being provided with in utilizing Figure 12, and the pilot tone of the continuous a plurality of Resource Block that obtain is provided with distribution shown in 1301 forms among Figure 13.
As fully visible, the pilot design scheme shown in Figure 10,11 of using the embodiment of the invention to provide, can under the prerequisite that satisfies the channel estimating requirement, reduce pilot-frequency expense greatly, promptly can on pilot-frequency expense and pilot tone performance, obtain balanced preferably with respect to prior art.
Step 502:, launch described frequency pilot sign and data symbol according to the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign.
Transmitting terminal can be with reference to flow process emission pilot tone and data as shown in figure 14.Specifically be 1401: the FFT according to channel characteristic and Resource Block counts, and can generate frequency pilot sign with reference to any pilot design scheme shown in the figure 6,7,10,11; 1402: respectively data and the frequency pilot sign that is generated are carried out serial/parallel processing; 1403: on frequency domain, frequency pilot sign and data symbol are carried out frequency domain multiplexing; 1404: frequency pilot sign behind the frequency domain multiplexing and data symbol are carried out IFFT; 1405: after the IFFT conversion, carrying out parallel/serial processing; 1406: add Cyclic Prefix (CP), generate the OFDM symbol; 1407: at last with the OFDM symbol that generates by processes such as digital to analog conversions, be transmitted into transmission channel and get on.
Receiving terminal can be handled data with reference to flow process shown in Figure 15: 1501: carry out analog-to-digital conversion to the received signal behind the signal that receives the transmitting terminal emission; 1502: according to the synchronizing information that has obtained, deletion CP; 1503: the ofdm signal that receives is carried out serial/parallel processing; 1504: the sampled data after handling is done the FFT conversion, convert the signal into frequency domain; 1505: frequency-region signal is carried out demultiplexing on frequency domain, form the frequency domain data and the frequency domain pilot tone that receive; 1506: respectively data and pilot tone are carried out parallel/serial processing; 1507: carry out channel estimating according to the pilot tone after the parallel/serial processing, obtain pilot channel response; 1508: again according to the channel response at pilot tone place, carry out interpolation and obtain the data frequency channel information, and carry out channel equalization, further recover the OFDM data symbol that transmitting terminal is launched according to the frequency domain channel information of OFDM data symbol.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step that realizes in the foregoing description method is to instruct relevant hardware to finish by program, described program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program is when carrying out, can comprise the steps: to determine the density distribution of frequency pilot sign, density distribution is satisfied: on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different OFDM symbols; According to the density distribution of the frequency pilot sign of determining, launch this frequency pilot sign and data symbol.Here the alleged storage medium that gets, as: ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc.
A kind of emitter structural representation that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 16, this device can comprise:
The first pilot density distribution determining unit 1601, be used for determining the density distribution of frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of frequency pilot sign is satisfied: on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different OFDM symbols.
Transmitter unit 1602, according to the density distribution of the determined frequency pilot sign of the first pilot density distribution determining unit, emission frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
If need when emitter pilot transmitted symbol and data symbol this frequency pilot sign and data symbol are carried out launching behind the frequency division multiplexing, then this transmitter unit 1602 can comprise:
Frequency division multiplexing unit 16021 is used for distributing according to character density, and frequency pilot sign is multiplexing with data symbol on frequency domain, generates the OFDM symbol.
Transmitting element 1603 is used for that the OFDM symbol that frequency division multiplexing unit 16021 generates is transmitted into channel and gets on.
In order to make that receiving terminal can be according to the emitter institute pilot transmitted symbol and the data of the embodiment of the invention, realize the equilibrium of better pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating performance: promptly under the situation of equal expense, has the good channel estimated performance, under the situation of low channel estimating performance, has lower pilot-frequency expense.As shown in figure 17, the emitter of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise:
The second pilot density distribution determining unit 1603 is used for that the pilot density that the first pilot density distribution determining unit 1601 is determined is carried out secondary and determines that pilot density is distributed also satisfy: on frequency domain, the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols equates as far as possible.
The pilot density that transmitter unit 1602 is determined according to this second pilot density distribution determining unit 1603 distributes emission frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
In addition, as shown in figure 18, the emitter of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise:
The 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit 1604, being used for that the pilot densities that the first pilot density distribution determining unit 1601 or 1603 is determined are carried out secondary determines, pilot density is distributed also to be satisfied: on time-domain, the interval of distributing between the adjacent pilot symbols of the same antenna equates.
The pilot density that transmitter unit 1602 is determined according to this second pilot density distribution determining unit 1604 distributes emission frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
In addition, in conjunction with the technical scheme of the emitter of figure shown in Figure 17,18, as shown in figure 19, the emitter of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise simultaneously:
The second pilot density distribution determining unit 1603, the 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit 1604, carrying out secondary by 1603 pairs first pilot density distributions of second pilot density distribution determining unit determining unit, 1601 definite pilot densities determines, pilot density is distributed also to be satisfied: on frequency domain, the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols equates as far as possible; The pilot density of being determined by 1604 pairs second pilot density distributions of the 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit determining unit 1603 distributes and carries out determining for the third time again, pilot density is distributed also to be satisfied: on time-domain, the interval of distributing between the adjacent pilot symbols of the same antenna equates.
The pilot density that transmitting element 1603 is determined according to this second pilot density distribution determining unit 1604 distributes emission frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
Need to prove, the first pilot density distribution determining unit 1601 in the emitter that the embodiment of the invention provides and the second pilot density distribution determining unit 1603, perhaps, the first pilot density distribution determining unit 1601 and the 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit 1604, perhaps, the first pilot density distribution determining unit 1601, the second pilot density distribution determining unit 1603 and the 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit 1604, both can be respectively unit independently, also can be an integrated unit with above-mentioned each function.
In sum, therefore, the determined pilot density of the first pilot density distribution determining unit in the emitter that the embodiment of the invention provides distributes and makes institute's pilot transmitted on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different OFDM symbols, the time and the frequency that promptly make adjacent pilot symbols on the time-domain direction take are all inequality, form to be interspersed on pilot patterns.This pilot design can be assigned under same user's the situation when a plurality of Resource Block, with respect to the pilot design method that the common technology scheme of prior art provides, lowers the degree of irregularity of the pilot symbol interval in a plurality of Resource Block.Thereby make and be assigned under same user's the situation at a plurality of continuous Resource Block, use this technical scheme, the pilot design scheme that can provide with respect to the common technology scheme of prior art, can better realize the equilibrium of pilot-frequency expense and channel estimating performance: promptly under the situation of equal expense, has the good channel estimated performance, under the situation of low channel estimating performance, has lower pilot-frequency expense.
In addition, because if the emitter of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise: the second pilot density distribution determining unit 1603, the 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit 1604, then can make this emitter institute pilot transmitted on frequency domain, interval between the adjacent pilot symbols equates as far as possible, and/or the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols of distributing to the same antenna on the time-domain equates, because the equidistant distribution between the frequency pilot sign, can improve channel estimating performance, make it have less square mean error amount, therefore use
Need to prove that the emitter of present embodiment both can adopt the form of hardware to realize, also can adopt the form of software function module to realize.The present embodiment device both can be used as independently production marketing or use, also can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium.
In sum, use the pilot transmission scheme of the embodiment of the invention, can make and obtain the factor of better giving consideration to channel estimated performance of pilot design and pilot-frequency expense between the two balanced preferably.
More than a kind of pilot frequency transmitting method, emitter that the embodiment of the invention provided are described in detail, used specific case herein the principle and the execution mode of the embodiment of the invention are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used to help to understand the method and the principle thereof of the embodiment of the invention; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, common variation of carrying out in the technical solution of the present invention scope and replacement all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a pilot frequency transmitting method is characterized in that, comprising:
Determine the density distribution of frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign is satisfied: on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol;
According to the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign, launch described frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
2. pilot frequency transmitting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, determines the density distribution step of described frequency pilot sign, and is concrete by determining the interval realization between the adjacent pilot symbols:
On time-domain, functional expression is passed through at the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols:
Determine,
F wherein
DmaxBe maximum doppler frequency, T is the cycle of OFDM symbol, N
TFor on the time-domain between the adjacent pilot symbols at interval;
On frequency domain, pass through following functional expression between the adjacent pilot symbols at interval:
Determine,
τ wherein
MaxBe maximum multipath time delay, Δ F is a subcarrier spacing, N
FFor at the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols on the frequency domain;
Being spaced apart between the wherein said adjacent pilot symbols: the number of the data symbol between the described frequency pilot sign.
3. pilot frequency transmitting method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in the density distribution step of determining described frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign also satisfies:
On frequency domain, the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols equates as far as possible, being spaced apart between the wherein said adjacent pilot symbols: the number of the data symbol between the described frequency pilot sign.
4. pilot frequency transmitting method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in the density distribution step of determining described frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign also satisfies:
On time-domain, the interval of distributing between the adjacent pilot symbols of the same antenna equates being spaced apart between the wherein said adjacent pilot symbols: the number of the data symbol between the described frequency pilot sign.
5. pilot frequency transmitting method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, launches described frequency pilot sign and data symbol, specifically comprises:
According to the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign, described frequency pilot sign is multiplexing with described data symbol on frequency domain, generate OFDM symbol;
The OFDM symbol that emission is generated.
6. an emitter is characterized in that, described emitter comprises:
The first pilot density distribution determining unit, be used for determining the density distribution of frequency pilot sign, the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign is satisfied: on the time-domain direction, the adjacent frequency pilot sign of distributing to the same antenna lays respectively on the different subcarrier of different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbol;
Transmitter unit according to the density distribution of described frequency pilot sign, is launched described frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
7. emitter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described emission transposition also comprises:
The second pilot density distribution determining unit is used for that the pilot density that the described first pilot density distribution determining unit is determined is carried out secondary and determines, described pilot density is distributed also satisfy:
On frequency domain, the interval between the adjacent pilot symbols equates as far as possible, being spaced apart between the wherein said adjacent pilot symbols: the number of the data symbol between the described frequency pilot sign;
Described transmitter unit, its pilot density of determining according to the described second pilot density distribution determining unit distributes, and launches described frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
8. emitter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described emitter also comprises:
The 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit is used for that the pilot density that the described first pilot density distribution determining unit is determined is carried out secondary and determines, described pilot density is distributed also satisfy:
On time-domain, the interval of distributing between the adjacent pilot symbols of the same antenna equates being spaced apart between the wherein said adjacent pilot symbols: the number of the data symbol between the described frequency pilot sign;
Described transmitter unit, its pilot density of determining according to described the 3rd pilot density distribution determining unit distributes, and launches described frequency pilot sign and data symbol.
9. according to claim 6,7 or 8 described emitters, it is characterized in that described transmitter unit comprises:
The frequency division multiplexing unit is used for distributing according to described character density, and described frequency pilot sign is multiplexing with described data symbol on frequency domain, generates OFDM symbol;
Transmitting element is used to launch the OFDM symbol that described frequency division multiplexing unit generates.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100906798A CN101277289A (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2007-03-30 | Method and apparatus for transmitting pilot frequency |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100906798A CN101277289A (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2007-03-30 | Method and apparatus for transmitting pilot frequency |
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| CN101277289A true CN101277289A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2007100906798A Pending CN101277289A (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2007-03-30 | Method and apparatus for transmitting pilot frequency |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101729477A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-06-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method for transmitting signal in multiple carrier wireless transmission system |
| CN101945074A (en) * | 2009-07-04 | 2011-01-12 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for sending intermediate pilot frequency |
| CN104702387A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Pilot signal sending and receiving method and device |
| WO2016029482A1 (en) * | 2014-08-30 | 2016-03-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmitting method, channel estimation method and device |
| CN107113139A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-08-29 | 高通股份有限公司 | Channel estimation strengthens |
| CN108604965A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-09-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | The System and method for of scheduling of user terminals resource and pilot frequency design into multi-user wireless network |
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2007
- 2007-03-30 CN CNA2007100906798A patent/CN101277289A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101729477A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-06-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method for transmitting signal in multiple carrier wireless transmission system |
| CN101945074A (en) * | 2009-07-04 | 2011-01-12 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for sending intermediate pilot frequency |
| CN101945074B (en) * | 2009-07-04 | 2014-03-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for sending intermediate pilot frequency |
| US10063358B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2018-08-28 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Pilot signal sending and receiving method and apparatus |
| CN104702387A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Pilot signal sending and receiving method and device |
| WO2015081726A1 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Methods and apparatuses for sending and receiving pilot signal |
| CN104702387B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2018-04-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Pilot signal sending, receiving method and device |
| WO2016029482A1 (en) * | 2014-08-30 | 2016-03-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmitting method, channel estimation method and device |
| CN107113139A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-08-29 | 高通股份有限公司 | Channel estimation strengthens |
| CN108923905A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-11-30 | 高通股份有限公司 | Channel estimation enhancing |
| US10623208B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2020-04-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel estimation enhancements |
| CN107113139B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2020-09-15 | 高通股份有限公司 | Channel estimation enhancement |
| CN108923905B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2021-06-08 | 高通股份有限公司 | Channel estimation enhancement |
| CN108604965A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-09-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | The System and method for of scheduling of user terminals resource and pilot frequency design into multi-user wireless network |
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