Background technology
China is rubber-consumer big country, and the rubber-consumer amount occupies the 2nd in the world.China is again automobile superpower simultaneously, and according to statistics, China's junked tire in 2005 reaches 1.2 hundred million, expects 2010, and China's automobile pollution will reach 7,000 ten thousand, and the generation of junked tire will reach 200,000,000 when the time comes, be roughly equal to 6,500,000 tons.But at present, the treatment capacity of China's junked tire only accounts for 14.2% of total generation, and all the other major parts are then burnt in vain or taken up an area of stacking, have caused the huge wasting of resources, also environment have been caused serious " black pollution ".
Preparation rubber asphalt (Asphalt Rubber) is the effective way of a kind of minimizing " black " environmental pollution.It mainly is by certain production and processing technology rubber powder to be added in the middle of the pitch, forms a kind ofly with the modified asphalt binders of rubber powder as properties-correcting agent, is applied in the middle of the highway engineering then.Because the rubber powder content that mixes in the rubber asphalt binder big (generally will more than 15%) so can effectively utilize the junked tire resource, has reduced environmental pollution greatly and has saved engineering materials simultaneously.Rubber asphalt not only can be taken the course of its own in environment protection, and has advantages of excellent stability, weather resistance and antiskid noise reduction capability, thereby has obtained enough attention of highway layout person.A kind of as modifying asphalt, since the developing history, the particularly nineties in 20th century in existing 30 years, this technology reaches its maturity and has obtained widespread use the rubber asphalt technology abroad.China compares with world elder generation level in this respect also has certain gap, but its unique environmental-protection function of rubber asphalt and good pavement performance have broad application prospects in China, must develop and utilize according to domestic particular case.
In pavement engineering, the gap gradation asphalt is the main application direction of rubber asphalt.Dropping into more energy both at home and abroad conducts a research to the gap gradation rubber-asphalt mixture.Because there are the different of essence in rubber asphalt with conventional modifying asphalt on macroscopic view constitutes, the design of rubber asphalt gap gradation compound can't be applied mechanically traditional gap gradation Asphalt Mixture Design theory and method.Early stage, the gap gradation rubber-asphalt mixture was owing to the macroscopic property that can not adapt to rubber asphalt exists high-temperature behavior deficiency, asphalt content is few, construction depth is low characteristics, cause the rutting resistance and the cling property advantage of Rubber-Asphalt Pavement not obvious, and can't bring into play the resistance to cleavage of rubber asphalt excellence.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of asphalt-enriched discontinuous gradation rubber asphalt mixture with strong rutting resistance and sliding resistance, it is implemented by the following technical programs:
Comprise rubber asphalt and building stones, the quality of rubber asphalt accounts for 8.1%~8.6% of building stones quality, described building stones are when being the screening of 16,13.2,9.5,4.75,2.36,0.075 mm sieve through sieve aperture respectively, and it is that grating is 100%, 90~100%, 50~58%, 18~25%, 10~15%, 0~3% by mass percent.
Smaller or equal to 30 orders, the rubber powder quality accounts for 20%~26% of matrix pitch quality to the rubber powder granularity more than or equal to 20 orders in the described rubber asphalt.
By the hot-mixed asphaltic concrete test specimen that above-mentioned compound is made, its void in mineral aggregate VMA is 21%~24%.
With the road surface that above-mentioned compound is laid, the construction depth on its road surface is 1.0~1.5mm.
The percent of pass (grating) of its corresponding screen-aperture 4.75,2.36 of rubber-asphalt mixture of the present invention, 0.075mm is 18~25%, 10~15%, 0~3%.Hang down about 10%, 7%, 9% respectively than present other rubber-asphalt mixture.Because grating of the present invention is thicker, makes that the void in mineral aggregate VMA of compound is bigger, reaches 21%~24%.For rubber powder in the rubber asphalt provides more space, avoid rubber powder that the embedding of compound coarse aggregate is squeezed and form interference effect, thereby improved the rutting resistance on road surface.
Do not use breeze in the rubber-asphalt mixture of the present invention, so the percent of pass of corresponding 0.075mm sieve aperture is 2.7%, 7% low than present other rubber-asphalt mixture.The rubber powder that contains in breeze and the rubber asphalt can both play the effect of filler, does not use breeze, will fill more pitch in the rubber-asphalt mixture.Therefore can under the prerequisite that does not influence the mixture anti-rutting ability, increase asphalt content, the abundant large, oblong sheet of silk with an appropriate message attached of resistance to cleavage of rubber asphalt is shown, significantly improve the cracking resistance and the anti-fatigue ability on road surface on the other hand.
Thicker rubber powder about blending 20 orders in the rubber-asphalt mixture of the present invention, it is 20%~26% with the mass percent of matrix pitch in rubber asphalt, occupies higher per-cent.And domestic rubber-asphalt mixture mostly adopts the thinner rubber powder of 40~80 orders, and accounts for about 15% of asphalt quality.Rubber powder detailed rules and regulations price more is high more, as: the price of 80 order rubber powders is 6000 yuan/ton, and the price of 80 order rubber asphalts is 4800 yuan/ton; The price of 40 order rubber powders is 4000 yuan/ton, and the price of 40 order rubber asphalts is 4400 yuan/ton, is 4100 yuan/ton and the price of 20 purpose rubber powders is the price of 2500,20 purpose rubber asphalts.So the present invention adopts thick rubber powder can effectively reduce the production cost of rubber asphalt.
The road surface that compound of the present invention is laid, its construction depth are obviously big than other asphalt.Other asphaltic road-mix surface course construction depth and adopts the pavement structural depth of this patent to reach more than the 1.0mm usually between 0.5~0.7mm.Increase construction depth and can improve the anti-slide performance on road surface, thereby improve the security on road surface.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Adopting the rubber powder granularity is 20 orders, and the rubber powder quality accounts for the rubber asphalt of matrix pitch quality 20%, and both are at the indoor 60min that mixes and stirs, 177 ℃ of preparation temperatures, and its performance test of the rubber asphalt that makes the results are shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1
Project |
Measured value |
Viscosity, 177 ℃ of Pa.S |
2.450 |
Penetration degree (25 ℃, 100g, 5s) 0.1mm |
48.5 |
Softening temperature ℃ |
59.4 |
Recovery of elasticity (25 ℃) % |
82 |
Density g/cm
3 |
1.040 |
The used rubber asphalt cost price of present embodiment is than low 300~700 yuan/ton of other analogous products.Prepare rubber-asphalt mixture with this rubber asphalt and building stones, 8.1% the oilstone that accounts for the building stones quality by the rubber asphalt quality is recently prepared.
Building stones select six directions metal and stone basalt aggregate of heap of stone, and its grating design is as table 1.2
Table 1.2
Sieve aperture (mm) |
16 |
13.2 |
9.5 |
4.75 |
2.36 |
0.075 |
Grating (%) is passed through mass percent |
100 |
90.0 |
50.0 |
18.0 |
10.0 |
0 |
Above-mentioned this coarse aggregate that contains building stones carried out the loose measure density test, obtain the loose measure clearance rate VCA of coarse aggregate skeleton
DRC, test-results is listed in table 1.3, has listed the coarse aggregate skeleton clearance rate VCA of compound in the table
MixVCA in the test-results
Mix<VCA
DRC, illustrate that it has good embedding to squeeze structure.
Table 1.3
Coarse aggregate loose measure density (g/cm
3)
|
Coarse aggregate synthesizes bulk density (g/cm
3)
|
VCA
DRC |
VCA
mix |
1.67 |
2.829 |
40.97 |
35.76 |
The hot-mixed asphaltic concrete test specimen that to make by the rubber-asphalt mixture of above-mentioned grating preparation, table 1.4 is related volume indexs of this test specimen.
Table 1.4
Bulk density (g/cm
3)
|
Maximum theory density (g/cm
3)
|
Void in mineral aggregate VMA (%) |
Pitch interstitial rate VFA (%) |
Voidage VV (%) |
2.364 |
2.545 |
24.0 |
68.6 |
7.1 |
According to the grating and the bitumen aggregate ratio mix compound of design, the girder of cut growth 380mm, wide 63mm, high 50mm after the indoor static pressure moulding.Carry out the fatigue test of strain control mode, controlling strain is got 200 μ ε and 300 μ ε respectively.The temperature of rubber asphalt fatigue test is 15 ℃, test-results such as following table, listed file names with pavement performance preferably the fatigue test results of SMA13 asphalt under 20 ℃ to compare.
Table 1.5
By fatigue test results, compound all substantially exceeds present compound the fatigue lifetime under 200 μ ε and two strain levels of 300 μ ε.The gap gradation compound that embodiment is described has better antifatigue cracking ability.The curved strain of drawing distortion mainly to depend on agglutinate of asphalt, theoretically, agglutinate content is high more in the compound, and then deformability is strong more.Because be rich in pitch among the present invention, agglutinate is higher, so its anti-fatigue ability is better.Simultaneously, structure is squeezed in the skeleton embedding that compound is good, and for stress provides good amboceptor in the transmission of test specimen, load can better disperse in test specimen, and it is concentrated to reduce local pressure, thereby has improved the anti-fatigue performance of compound.
The skeleton structure of above-mentioned rubber-asphalt mixture has the ability of good opposing high temperature deformation, carries out the road surfacing test, and the construction depth on this road surface is 1.5mm.Its wheel tracking test the results are shown in Table 1.6, and average dynamic stability reaches 4550 times/mm.
Table 1.6
Embodiment 2
Adopting the rubber powder granularity is 20 orders, and the rubber powder quality accounts for the rubber asphalt of matrix pitch quality 23%, and both are at the indoor 60min that mixes and stirs, 177 ℃ of preparation temperatures, and its performance test of the rubber asphalt that makes the results are shown in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1
Project |
Measured value |
Viscosity, 177 ℃ of Pa.S |
2.550 |
Penetration degree (25 ℃, 100g, 5s) 0.1mm |
49.5 |
Softening temperature ℃ |
57.4 |
Recovery of elasticity (25 ℃) % |
84 |
Density g/cm
3 |
1.060 |
The used rubber asphalt cost price of present embodiment is than low 300~700 yuan/ton of other analogous products.Prepare rubber-asphalt mixture with this rubber asphalt and building stones, 8.3% the oilstone that accounts for the building stones quality by the rubber asphalt quality is recently prepared.
Building stones select six directions metal and stone basalt aggregate of heap of stone, and its grating design is as table 2.2
Table 2.2
Sieve aperture (mm) |
16 |
13.2 |
9.5 |
4.75 |
2.36 |
0.075 |
Grating (%) is passed through mass percent |
100 |
95.0 |
54.0 |
21.0 |
13.0 |
1.5 |
Above-mentioned this coarse aggregate that contains building stones carried out the loose measure density test, obtain the loose measure clearance rate VCA of coarse aggregate skeleton
DRC, test-results is listed in table 2.3, has listed the coarse aggregate skeleton clearance rate VCA of compound in the table
MixVCA in the test-results
Mix<VCA
DRC, illustrate that it has good embedding to squeeze structure.
Table 2.3
Coarse aggregate loose measure density (g/cm
3)
|
Coarse aggregate synthesizes bulk density (g/cm
3)
|
VCA
DRc |
VCA
mix |
1.67 |
2789 |
41.01 |
36.84 |
The hot-mixed asphaltic concrete test specimen that to make by the rubber-asphalt mixture of above-mentioned grating preparation, table 2.4 is related volume indexs of this test specimen.
Table 2.4
Bulk density (g/cm
3)
|
Maximum theory density (g/cm
3)
|
Void in mineral aggregate VMA (%) |
Pitch interstitial rate VFA (%) |
Voidage VV (%) |
2.175 |
2.637 |
22.6 |
71.2 |
7.3 |
According to the grating and the bitumen aggregate ratio mix compound of design, the girder of cut growth 380mm, wide 63mm, high 50mm after the indoor static pressure moulding.Carry out the fatigue test of strain control mode, controlling strain is got 200 μ ε and 300 μ ε respectively.The temperature of rubber asphalt fatigue test is 15 ℃, and test-results such as following table have listed file names with the fatigue test results of SMA13 asphalt under 20 ℃ to compare.
Table 2.5
By fatigue test results as can be seen, compound all substantially exceeds present compound the fatigue lifetime under 200 μ ε and two strain levels of 300 μ ε.The gap gradation compound that present embodiment is described has better antifatigue cracking ability.
The skeleton structure of above-mentioned rubber-asphalt mixture has the ability of good opposing high temperature deformation, carries out the road surfacing experiment, and the construction depth on road surface is 1.3mm.Its wheel tracking test the results are shown in Table 2.6, and average dynamic stability reaches 4276 times/mm.
Table 2.6
Embodiment 3
Adopting the rubber powder granularity is 30 orders, and the rubber powder quality accounts for the rubber asphalt of matrix pitch quality 26%, and both are at the indoor 60min that mixes and stirs, 177 ℃ of preparation temperatures, and its performance test of the rubber asphalt that makes the results are shown in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1
Project |
Measured value |
Viscosity, 177 ℃ of Pa.S |
2.650 |
Penetration degree (25 ℃, 100g, 5s) 0.1mm |
47.0 |
Softening temperature ℃ |
56.5 |
Recovery of elasticity (25 ℃) % |
84 |
Density g/cm
3 |
1.070 |
Prepare rubber-asphalt mixture with this rubber asphalt and building stones, 8.6% the oilstone that accounts for the building stones quality by the rubber asphalt quality is recently prepared.
Building stones select six directions metal and stone basalt aggregate of heap of stone, and its grating design is as table 3.2
Table 3.2
Sieve aperture (mm) |
16 |
13.2 |
9.5 |
4.75 |
2.36 |
0.075 |
Grating (%) is passed through mass percent |
100 |
100 |
58.0 |
25.0 |
15.0 |
3.0 |
Above-mentioned this coarse aggregate that contains building stones carried out the loose measure density test, obtain the loose measure clearance rate VCA of coarse aggregate skeleton
DRC, test-results is listed in table 3.3, has listed the coarse aggregate skeleton clearance rate VCA of compound in the table
MixVCA in the test-results
Mix<VCA
DRC, illustrate that it has good embedding to squeeze structure.
Table 3.3
Coarse aggregate loose measure density (g/cm
3)
|
Coarse aggregate synthesizes bulk density (g/cm
3)
|
VCA
DRC |
VCA
mix |
1.71 |
2.813 |
41.83 |
37.76 |
The hot-mixed asphaltic concrete test specimen that to make by the rubber-asphalt mixture of above-mentioned grating preparation, table 3.4 is related volume indexs of this test specimen.
Table 3.4
Bulk density (g/cm
3)
|
Maximum theory density (g/cm
3)
|
Void in mineral aggregate VMA (%) |
Pitch interstitial rate VFA (%) |
Voidage VV (%) |
2.248 |
2.634 |
21.1 |
74.6 |
7.6 |
According to the grating and the bitumen aggregate ratio mix compound of design, the girder of cut growth 380mm, wide 63mm, high 50mm after the indoor static pressure moulding.Carry out the fatigue test of strain control mode, controlling strain is got 200 μ ε and 300 μ ε respectively.The temperature of rubber asphalt fatigue test is 15 ℃, and test-results such as following table have listed file names with the fatigue test results of asphalt SMA13 under 20 ℃ to compare.
Table 3.5
Above-mentioned fatigue test results as can be seen, compound all substantially exceeds present compound the fatigue lifetime under 200 μ ε and two strain levels of 300 μ ε.The gap gradation compound that embodiment is described has better antifatigue cracking ability.
The skeleton structure of above-mentioned rubber-asphalt mixture has the ability of good opposing high temperature deformation, carries out the road surfacing experiment, and the construction depth on road surface is 1.0mm.Its wheel tracking test the results are shown in Table 3.6, and average dynamic stability reaches 4780 times/mm.
Table 3.6 wheel tracking test result