CN101265007A - Method for removing heavy metal in urban sludge by employing electric repairing technique - Google Patents

Method for removing heavy metal in urban sludge by employing electric repairing technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101265007A
CN101265007A CNA2008100359428A CN200810035942A CN101265007A CN 101265007 A CN101265007 A CN 101265007A CN A2008100359428 A CNA2008100359428 A CN A2008100359428A CN 200810035942 A CN200810035942 A CN 200810035942A CN 101265007 A CN101265007 A CN 101265007A
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sludge
mud
treatment
heavy metal
bed body
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CN101265007B (en
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杨长明
李建华
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for removing heavy metal in sludge from municipal sewage plant by using emerging electrokinetic remediation (ERT) green technology, belonging to the technology field of environmental protection. The method comprises the steps of: building an ERT device; and loading the pre-treated sludge from municipal sewage plant into a sludge bed, and performing electrokinetic treatment at a bed body voltage gradient of 1.2-1.3 V/cm while maintaining pH of electrolyte at 6-8 and employing poly epoxy succinic acid (PESA) as complexing agent for enhancing electromigration capability of heavy metal. The mean removal rate of the heavy metal is over 60% during the electrokinetic process. The Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd contents in the treated sludge completely satisfy the sludge agricultural application national standard (GB4284-84). The inventive method has the advantages of simple process, short treatment period, good treatment effect, and low treatment cost; and will take an important role in harmless and resource treatment of municipal sludge, especially industrial sludge in the future.

Description

A kind of method that adopts electric repairing technique to remove the heavy metal in the municipal sludge
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to the removal method and the enhancement techniques thereof of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant heavy metal.
Background technology
Municipal sludge is meant the solid waste that produces in city domestic sewage, the Industrial Wastewater Treatment process, is the regular product of municipal sewage plant.In recent years, along with improving constantly of China's treatment rate of domestic sewage, the generation of mud is also increasing sharply.Municipal sludge generally contains abundant utilizable nitrogen, phosphorus, trace element and organic matter etc., through being often used as fertilizer and soil improvement agent.Yet heavy metal content utilizes in the process in the soil and easily soil, underground water and animals and plants to be caused secondary pollution generally than higher in the mud, have potential ecological risk heavy metal content problem and be the present municipal sludge of restriction soil utilize biggest obstacle.Therefore, how removing or reducing heavy metal content in the municipal sludge has become the problem that municipal sludge is disposed and resource utilization must solve, also is the problem of the common concern in the whole world.At present, the removal technology to heavy metal in the municipal sludge mainly comprises chemical extraction technology and bioleaching technology etc.But unit weight is big, porosity is low and infiltration rate is little because municipal sludge has, and some traditional methods are difficult to the effective removal of realization to sludge heavy-metal.
Electronic reparation (Electrokinetic remediation) is as an emerging green environment recovery technique, have remove efficient height, treatment time short, and can remove characteristics such as several heavy metal species simultaneously, particularly, this technology generally is not subject to processing the influence of the physical property of medium, and the pollution medium big for unit weight, that porosity is low and rate of permeation is low still has higher repairing effect.The electric repairing technique ultimate principle forms electric-force gradient by apply volts DS on pollution medium, charged pollutent carries out mobile, the gathering of orientation to reverse electrode in the medium to order about, thereby and the further solution of process is collected and the purpose that subtracts dirt or cleaning of processing realization pollution medium sample.Electrokinetic technique is mainly used in the heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation at present, and it is also at the early-stage about the electronic removal research of sludge heavy-metal, but, utilize electric repairing technique to remove that heavy metal will have very remarkable advantages in the municipal sludge in conjunction with the characteristics of municipal sludge own.
But,, show that according to present result of study this technology is not remarkable to the removal effect of sludge heavy-metal because the complicacy of this technology itself particularly lacks necessary enhancement techniques.Therefore, press for the own characteristic at municipal sludge at present, and by strengthening recovery technique, research and develop a kind of easy and simple to handlely, the processing cycle is short, the new city mud electric repair method that treatment effect is good.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electronic removal method and enhancement techniques thereof of sludge from wastewater treatment plant heavy metal, this method is easy and simple to handle, the processing cycle is short, and treatment effect is good, and the main heavy metal content of the mud after the processing reaches the agricultural national standard of mud.
For achieving the above object, solution of the present invention is:
Utilize the electronic prosthetic device that oneself makes up.At first pending mud is carried out pre-treatment, comprise moisture content adjusting, acidity adjustment and add some complexing agents etc., put into Sludge Bed then, adopt direct supply to apply voltage at the electrode two ends, heavy metal ion is under effect of electric field in the mud, by modes such as electromigration, electroosmotic flow and electrophoresis, to negative pole migration, assemble and enter treating pond, and then reach the purpose that heavy metal in the mud is removed.
Further, concrete steps are:
The 1st step: self-built electronic reparation easy device, wherein primary member comprises Sludge Bed, Graphite Electrodes (2 of yin, yangs); Direct supply; Cathode and anode electrolyzer and treating pond etc. for mud granule enters electrolyzer, can guarantee that again heavy metal freely enters electrolyzer in the mud simultaneously, separate with sintered glass between Sludge Bed and electrolyzer, and sintered glass thickness is 10~15mm.The device synoptic diagram sees Fig. 1 for details.This self-built electronic reparation easy device and existing electronic prosthetic device, for example be used for the type that heavy-metal contaminated soil is repaired, basic identical, comprise some improvement, as having dug the aperture of some amount, so that monitor the volts lost and the pH of Sludge Bed body in real time in Sludge Bed body moderate distance.
The 2nd step: the pre-treatment of mud and dress bed, comprising: the mud that 1. dispatches from the factory will carry out abundant mixing,, in case of necessity and with the removal of the impurity of big particle diameter (because mud itself does not have big granule foreign, if have, mainly come from the component of machine that may come off in the sludge dewatering process); 2. the adjusting of sludge moisture content, general water content maintains about 80~85%; 3. mud acidifying for heavy metal activity in the activated sludge, improves remediation efficiency, need carry out suitable acidification to handling mud, in theory, sludge pH is low more, the electronic removal effect of its heavy metal is good more, but in order to consider cost and post-processed, the general pH value is controlled at about 4 and gets final product; To put into the Sludge Bed body through pretreated mud, note in the filling process preferably once shaped, and degree of tightness is suitable, the bed body should not have big space, generally has tangible bubble to be advisable by the Sludge Bed that is invisible to the naked eye, and the whole bed body is evenly distributed from mud in appearance.
The 3rd step: the treatment technology parameter is provided with, and wherein voltage and current is the main technical details of being controlled in the electronic repair process.The operating voltage size is decided according to the amount of handling mud, although higher strength of current can be accelerated the rate of migration of pollutent, consumption also can increase electric power.Simultaneously, can improve the temperature of medium rapidly, influence remediation efficiency.General bed bulk voltage gradient control 1.2~1.3V/cm is advisable, in the concrete practical application, can determine the voltage and current size of treatment unit according to composite factors such as characteristic, treatment scale and the treatment time of treatment media and target contaminant thereof and reparation targets.In addition, the treatment time also can decide according to practical situation, and general 7~15 days was 1 processing cycle.
The 4th step: pH regulator, in order to prevent bed body and the too high repairing effect that influences of catholyte pond pH in treating processes, in operational process, utilize 0.1~0.5mol/L acetate as damping fluid, regulate the potential of hydrogen in catholyte pond, the pH value that keeps electrolytic solution is about 6~8.Also can use other buffers in the practical application, as HCl, the HNO of 0.02~0.05mol/L 3Substitute with oxalic acid etc.
In addition, in order to improve the sludge heavy-metal repairing effect, among the present invention except utilize acid the enhancing the recovery technique in the cathodic area, also adopted some to strengthen recovery technique, comprising in treating processes, add poly-epoxy succinic acid (PESA) as complexing agent in the catholyte pond, this complexing agent can form the title complex of soluble state by heavy metal in coordination reaction and the mud, improves the electromigration ability of heavy metal.In addition, also can add PESA solution in the mud preprocessing process, fully stirring, mixing can reach effect same.The PESA consumption determines according to handling in the mud total metals, and according to this experiment, the mol ratio that makes total metals in PESA and the mud is 2~5: 1 be advisable (the PESA molecular-weight average is by 1500 calculating).
At last,, the heavy metal in the electrolyzer is transferred in the treating pond,, and from solution, separated, finally reach the purpose that heavy metal in the mud is removed by timely replacing treatment solution by peristaltic pump.
Concrete a kind of mode: will be through pretreated sewage plant sludge (water content 80~85%; About pH 4) be filled in the Sludge Bed of homemade electronic prosthetic device, along carrying out electrokinetic process under journey voltage gradient 1.2~1.3V/cm condition, in the treating processes, utilize 0.1mol/L acetate at the bed body as damping fluid, the pH value that keeps electrolytic solution is about 6~8; Simultaneously, use the electromigration ability of poly-epoxy succinic acid (PESA) as complexing agent enhancing heavy metal, wherein the mol ratio of total metals is 2~5: 1 in PESA and the mud.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, electric repair method of the present invention, shortcomings such as the counterweight metal removal weak effect that overcome traditional method because mud unit weight is big, voidage is low, rate of permeation is little etc. caused, long processing period.Also provide new approaches and methods for the ever-increasing municipal sludge processing of following China, disposal and recycling.
2, among the present invention, adopted some electronic enhancing recovery techniques, regulated, add complexing agent and mud pre-treatment etc. as the electrolyzer potential of hydrogen, strengthened repairing effect greatly, the sludge heavy-metal content after the processing can satisfy agricultural standards basically.
3, in enhancement techniques, adopt poly-epoxy succinic acid (PESA) as complexing agent first, be because with respect to traditional complexing agent (as EDTA), nonnitrogenous, the phosphorus of this complexing agent, treatment solution after heavy metal reclaims can not cause body eutrophication, be a kind of eco-friendly water-soluble polymers, and have the performance that Ao closes the multivalence heavy metal and close good biodegradable.
3, among the present invention self-built prosthetic device and to remove technology simple, operation easily also is convenient to safeguard that simultaneously, according to present predesigne, its processing cost is not high yet.
In addition, electric repair method that is adopted among the present invention and device thereof are relatively independent, be convenient to from now on can and additive method, as traditional method couplings and integrated such as chemical extraction and microorganism leachings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electronic prosthetic device synoptic diagram that the embodiment of the invention adopts.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with example:
Embodiment 1
The mud that is adopted in the experiment is taken from Quyang, Shanghai sewage work, and sewage character is sanitary sewage.The fundamental characteristics of mud: pH 6.52; Cu 212mg.kg -1Zn 1487mg.kg -1Cr 25.7mg.kg -1Pb78.2mg.kg -1Ni 24.8mg.kg -1Cd 16.8mg.kg -1(above) all in dry-matter.The electronic prosthetic device that is adopted has carried out transforming and optimizing (Fig. 1) on the designed electronic prosthetic device of the soil basis of reference Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing soil, the bed body is to be made by plexi-glass tubular, interior a bed body length is 50cm through being 20cm, and whole Sludge Bed can be loaded about 4kg mud.Equidistant cutting 15 in top of Sludge Bed body and aperture are convenient to measure the volts lost of a body difference along journey.Electrode adopts the common graphite material, and diameter is 8mm, and (UP-6003D type, Korea S UNICORN) applies voltage by a direct current stabilizer, and electric current is measured (C41-A type, Shanghai precision) with current meter.Electrolyzer and treating pond and buffer pool connect by wriggling (BT-300T/1515, Baoding Lange) pump of adjustable throttle amount.
Carried out pre-treatment for examination mud before processing, water ratio is 84.7%, and mud is through 0.01N HNO 3After the acidifying, pH=3.5.To put into Sludge Bed through pretreated mud, and begin to carry out electrokinetic process, and, make bed body virtual voltage gradient maintain about 1.23V/cm by regulating voltage.In operational process, the pH value of monitoring electrolyzer and treating pond changes in real time, regulate by 0.1mol/L acetate buffer anticathode electrolyzer and treating pond potential of hydrogen, to keep a metastable pH value, this experimental installation catholyte pond pH value generally is controlled at about 5~6.
Process is after the working time of 15d, and with the taking-up of Sludge Bed mud, and the edge is got 10 parts along journey, mixing, air-dry and grinding even the branch.Measure Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, 6 heavy metal species content such as Ni, Cd by micro-wave digestion-ICP method.Show that through mensuration and data analysis result through after the electrokinetic process, the clearance of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd is respectively 38.7%, 55.4%, 41.7%, 59.3%, 47.8 and 43.7% in the primary sludge.
Embodiment 2
Supply sewage plant sludge and the electronic prosthetic device such as the embodiment 1 of examination in the experiment.
Carried out pre-treatment for examination mud before processing, water ratio is 82.3%, and mud is through 0.01N HNO 3After the acidifying, pH=4.1.Simultaneously, in preprocessing process, also added PESA solution (mol ratio of total metals is 4: 1 in PESA and the mud), and by stirring and the mud thorough mixing.To put into Sludge Bed through pretreated mud, and begin to carry out electrokinetic process, and by regulating voltage, make the bed body maintain about 1.2V/cm, the virtual voltage gradient fluctuates between 1.21~1.24V/cm.The same with embodiment 1, in operational process, regulate by 0.1mol/L acetate buffer anticathode electrolyzer and treating pond potential of hydrogen, be controlled at about 5~6 to keep catholyte pond pH value.
Through after the working time of 15d, with Sludge Bed mud taking-up carrying out 6 heavy metal species content analysis such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd, through measuring and data analysis result demonstration, through after the electrokinetic process, the clearance of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd is respectively 41.2%, 68.3%, 62.6%, 71.5%, 65.8 and 58.7% in the primary sludge, show in the mud preprocessing process, add poly-epoxy succinic acid (PESA) as complexing agent after, except the increase of Cu clearance was not obvious, other several heavy metal removing rates of investigating all were significantly improved.Show that this enhancement techniques is effective for the repairing effect that improves electrokinetic technique.
Embodiment 3
For further checking electric repairing technique to the removal effect of sludge heavy-metal, the present invention also with the higher industrial sewage treatment plant mud of heavy metal content as process object.The industrial sludge of examination that supplies is taken from Shanghai City Tao Pu industrial sewage treatment plant, the fundamental characteristics of mud: pH 8.07; Cu 4258mg.kg -1Zn 13879mg.kg -1Cr 420mg.kg -1Pb 68.3mg.kg -1Ni 621mg.kg -1Cd 578mg.kg -1(above) all in dry-matter.Electronic prosthetic device that is adopted in the experiment such as embodiment 1.
Carried out pre-treatment for examination mud before processing, water ratio is 84.7%, and mud is through 0.01N HNO 3After the acidifying, pH=3.9.Simultaneously, in preprocessing process, also added PESA solution (mol ratio of total metals is 5: 1 in PESA and the mud), and by stirring and the mud thorough mixing.To put into Sludge Bed through pretreated mud, and begin to carry out electrokinetic process, and by regulating voltage, make the bed body maintain about 1.2V/cm, the virtual voltage gradient fluctuates between 1.23~1.28V/cm.The same with embodiment 1, in operational process, regulate by 0.1mol/L acetate buffer anticathode electrolyzer and treating pond potential of hydrogen, be controlled at about 5~6 to keep catholyte pond pH value.
Through after the working time of 15d, with Sludge Bed mud taking-up carrying out 6 heavy metal species content analysis such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd, through measuring and data analysis result demonstration, through after the electrokinetic process, the clearance of Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd is respectively 46.2%, 62.4%, 79.1%, 73.8%, 62.3 and 68.5% in the primary sludge, shows that method of the present invention and enhancement techniques thereof also have removal effect preferably to industrial sewage factory sludge heavy-metal.
The present invention has realized following target: at the own characteristic of municipal sludge, and by strengthening recovery technique, provide a kind of easy and simple to handle, the processing cycle is short, the new city mud electric repair method that treatment effect is good.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art should be within protection scope of the present invention for improvement and modification that the present invention makes according to announcement of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. method of removing the heavy metal in the municipal sludge is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
The 1st step: set up electronic reparation easy device;
The 2nd step: mud is carried out pre-treatment, comprising: the adjusting of sludge moisture content and mud acidifying;
The 3rd step: the set handling technical parameter comprises applying voltage and treatment time etc.;
The 4th step: anticathode electrolyzer pH regulates in real time.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise:
Add environmentally friendly complexing agent and strengthen removal efficient.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: electronic prosthetic device bed body is cylindric synthetic glass, its diameter is 1: 2.0~3.0 with bed body length ratio; The Graphite Electrodes diameter is 5~8mm.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: separate by sintered glass between the electrolyzer, sintered glass thickness is 10~15mm.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: mud water content after pre-treatment should be controlled at 80~85%; Mud is evenly distributed at the bed body, no big space.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt 0.01~0.03NHNO before the sludge treatment 3Carry out acidifying, the pH value is controlled at 3.5~4.5.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: a bed body should maintain 1.2~1.3V/cm along the journey voltage gradient in the operational process.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: be to utilize damping fluid anticathode electrolyzer pH value to regulate in real time, the pH value that keeps electrolytic solution is 6~8.
9. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: use poly-epoxy succinic acid (PESA) as complexing agent, the mol ratio of total metals is 2~5: 1 in PESA and the mud.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: this damping fluid comprises: the HCl of 0.1mol/L acetate, 0.02~0.05mol/L, HNO 3And oxalic acid.
CN2008100359428A 2008-04-11 2008-04-11 Method for removing heavy metal in urban sludge by employing electric repairing technique Expired - Fee Related CN101265007B (en)

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CN101863600A (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-10-20 刘文治 Method for removing heavy metals from activated sludge
CN102070288A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-05-25 河海大学 Device and method used for restoring sludge polluted by heavy metals
CN102503059A (en) * 2011-11-23 2012-06-20 上海市环境科学研究院 Method for removing heavy metal from sludge and device thereof
CN103601353A (en) * 2013-12-11 2014-02-26 重庆远达水务有限公司 Method for removing heavy metals in municipal sludge
CN103979755A (en) * 2014-05-27 2014-08-13 昆山市益民环保技术开发有限公司 Comprehensive treatment method of electro-plating sludge and sludge containing low amount of copper
CN104841691A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-08-19 东莞理工学院 Repair method of heavy metal nickel contaminated soil
CN104986929A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-10-21 青岛农业大学 Electrochemical method for removing heavy metal in residual sludge
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CN113772904A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-10 广州绿邦环境技术有限公司 Device and method for removing heavy metals in municipal sludge
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CN101863600B (en) * 2009-04-16 2013-06-26 上海综宝环境工程有限公司 Method for removing heavy metals from activated sludge
CN101863600A (en) * 2009-04-16 2010-10-20 刘文治 Method for removing heavy metals from activated sludge
CN102070288A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-05-25 河海大学 Device and method used for restoring sludge polluted by heavy metals
CN102503059A (en) * 2011-11-23 2012-06-20 上海市环境科学研究院 Method for removing heavy metal from sludge and device thereof
CN103601353A (en) * 2013-12-11 2014-02-26 重庆远达水务有限公司 Method for removing heavy metals in municipal sludge
CN103979755A (en) * 2014-05-27 2014-08-13 昆山市益民环保技术开发有限公司 Comprehensive treatment method of electro-plating sludge and sludge containing low amount of copper
CN105314806A (en) * 2014-08-04 2016-02-10 昆山美淼环保科技有限公司 Pretreatment method for deep dehydration of sludge
CN105712594A (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-29 北京有色金属研究总院 Method of recovering heavy metals from heavy metal wastewater and sludge
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CN104986929A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-10-21 青岛农业大学 Electrochemical method for removing heavy metal in residual sludge
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CN105884157A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-08-24 浙江大学 Method for removing and recovering heavy metal in sludge through electrolytic method
CN106190131A (en) * 2016-07-18 2016-12-07 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 A kind of add electrolyte preparations and replenishment method thereof for electronic microorganism remediation
CN107265798A (en) * 2017-06-29 2017-10-20 山东毅康科技股份有限公司 A kind of method for sludge treatment
CN112142278A (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 华侨大学 Electrodynamic force remediation method for heavy metal chromium in municipal domestic sludge
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