CN101264551B - Application of femtosecond laser in pure titanium implantation material surface treatment - Google Patents
Application of femtosecond laser in pure titanium implantation material surface treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101264551B CN101264551B CN 200810052876 CN200810052876A CN101264551B CN 101264551 B CN101264551 B CN 101264551B CN 200810052876 CN200810052876 CN 200810052876 CN 200810052876 A CN200810052876 A CN 200810052876A CN 101264551 B CN101264551 B CN 101264551B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an application of femto-second laser in the surface treatment of the pure titanium implanting material, belonging to the technical field of application of laser in the material surface treatment. The application method comprises the following steps: in the air, the femto-laser impulse is in normal incidence and focused right on the top of the lump pure titanium implanting material which is ground and dried, a light spot with a radius of 5um is formed at the surface of the pure titanium implanting material, the femto-laser processing parameters are defined as follows: the impulse repeat frequency is 1 kHz, the single impulse power is from 5 to 200 micro joule, the impulse width is 50 femtosecond, the impulse center wavelength is 800 nanometer, the line interval of the laser processing is between 10 to 100 micron, the laser scanning speed is between 0.5 to 1.2 mm/sec, the laser polarization direction is regulated to be parallel to the laser scanning direction, the femto-laser scans the whole surface of the pure titanium implanting material, a titanium based biomedical material with an oxide layer generated on the titanium surface, even roughness, and a pattern of strips, holes, grooves or the combined pattern thereof formed on the pure titanium implanting material is made.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention relates to the application of laser in material surface is handled, the application of femtosecond laser in pure titanium implantation material surface is handled specifically.
Background technology
The metal planting technology is repaired bone or injury of teeth was risen in 20th century.Plant the important means of pure titanium or titanium alloy material operation,, adopted by clinical more and more in recent years owing to can take into account aesthetic property and functional requirement as bone and tooth reparation.Yet the adaptability of the huge change of the ambient stress that planting body causes after implanting and corresponding surrounding bone is rebuild and is usually caused the loosening and dislocation of planting body, causes operative failure.Good synosteosis is the normal functionating of pure titanium implant and guarantees the successful Basic of Biology of performing the operation.For increasing synestotic effect, the implant surface regular patternization can be strengthened the biological action of cell, biomolecule, as differentiation, the propagation of cell, accelerates growing into of new bone.Studies show that the growth of cell is selectively to the configuration of surface of embedded material, usually cell the ditch channel the surface will along jut or fiber be orientated and moves.This induces with the contact that phenomenon is called the cell cultivation, and at the implantation material surface with ditch channel, the growth of cell will be creeped along the groove direction, and the cell foot holds on to the groove contoured face, has significantly improved the attaching power of cell.Have the embedded material rough surface of topological configuration, can provide multiple different roughness to be fit to the attaching of cell different parts for cell.The implantation material surface that particularly has the hole configuration more helps seeking connections with of cell pseudopodium, increases the active force between cell and the host material.And the substrate of hole helps the transportation and the exchange of moisture, inorganic salts and other nutriments and products of cellular metabolism, so more help the growth of cell.Studies show that implantation material surface hole configuration can significantly increase fibroblast, cartilage cell's the speed of growth, the emiocytosis thing increases.Therefore, how to realize the implant surface regular patternization, make the surface of embedded material have the ditch channel or/and the hole configuration, to give the Biofunctional of planting body, improve its surface stability, anti-wear performance and mechanical compatibility, be the main research task of present stage, its basic means then is the process for modifying surface of applied metal planting body.
Current, the process for modifying surface of metal planting body has aciding after the sandblast, ionic reaction etching method, electrochemical process, common laser processing method and plasma spraying method.The picture on surface roughness of aciding preparation is inhomogeneous after the sandblast, and the degree of depth and the diameter of the hole that obtains are uncontrollable; Ionic reaction etching method and electrochemical process are introduced foreign ion easily, influence the biologically active of planting body; Common laser processing can only obtain groove at pure titanium implantation material surface, than simple configurations such as macroscopic voids, the combination that can't obtain multiple configuration is to adapt to the cell growth.Plasma spraying can provide rough surface in the preparation hydroxyapatite coating on surface, but spraying can only provide thicker coating, coating layer thickness reaches 30～150 μ m, and in the cooling procedure after pyrolytic coating, because material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient difference, cause easily and produce big stress even coating shedding between face coat and matrix, this also causes the graft failure after material is implanted easily.In addition, plasma spraying is raw materials used to be pure HA powder, costs an arm and a leg the equipment manufacturing cost height.And above-mentioned complex technical process, operating difficulties, influence factor are many, are unfavorable for its extensive use.
Reported that being used for the document that titanium or titanium alloy implant surface handle to strengthen the surface modifying method that planting body combines with bone tissue has: CN1712566 discloses the application that electrochemical process is handled at titanium or titanium alloy implantation material surface, is the H of employing 0.5～3M
2SO
4Solution corrodes to obtain the certain roughness in surface titanium or titanium alloy implantation material surface; CN1392799 has disclosed the implant made with titanium and other materials and the surface treatment method of prosthese, is to come continuously and separately the implant section is carried out corrosion treatment with hydrofluoric acid, three kinds of different acid of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.Yet, the method of applied chemistry acid corrosion is handled the surface of titanium or titanium alloy embedded material, be difficult to obtain uniform roughness, and can not obtain the picture on surface of rule, be unfavorable for the oriented growth of inducing cell and the wound healing after promotion titanium or the titanium alloy material implantation.
Almost can ignore and do not produce liquid phase, the advantage little but femtosecond laser processing has the little instantaneously producing steam of ablation threshold and plasma, its thermal conductance, be mainly used in fields such as the transmission of vast capacity information, ultrafast real-time spectrum measurement, gene operation, optical frequency accurate measurement, inertial confinement fusion, laser induced lightning, cornea shaping information such as (LASIK), environment, the energy, medical treatment, material at present the heat affecting of matrix.The work of the accurate micro-nano processing of femtosecond laser material aspect also is in the Primary Study stage at present, and main research concentrates on the processing of putting on the cutting of material and the sample.Utilize the processing of femtosecond laser in solid material mainly on transparent material, to carry out [femtosecond pulse two-photon micro-nano process technology and application thereof at present, Science Bulletin, 2008,53 (1)], reason is the restriction that the focusing of femtosecond laser on transparent material is not subjected to the surface, can focus at material internal, just can process corresponding pattern as long as guarantee the relative position of focus.And the processing of opaque metal material mainly studied cutting [the An optimal process offemtosecond laser cutting of NiTi shape memory alloy for fabrication of miniaturedevices that concentrates on material, Optics and Lasers in Engineering 44 (2006) 1078-1087], [femtosecond laser prepares array hole metal micro-filtration membrane in punching, Chinese laser, 2007,34 (8)], and the processing [Tsukamoto that puts on the sample, M., K.Asuka, H.Nakano, et al., Periodic microstructures produced by femtosecondlaser irradiation on titanium plate.Vacuum, 2006.80 (11-12)], about utilizing report that femtosecond laser handles the whole surface of solid material then seldom, the report of medical metal material Surface Machining was not seen especially.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the application process of femtosecond laser in pure titanium implantation material surface is handled is provided, by utilizing the assisted focused control focus of laser instrument, the energy of control femtosecond laser, the processing spacing, sweep speed, and polarization direction, be formed with uniform striped at pure titanium implantation material surface thus, hole, the pattern of the rule of groove or these several configuration combinations, promptly the surface forms uniform roughness, generate oxide layer on the titanium surface simultaneously, wound healing after helping the oriented growth of inducing cell and promoting the implantation of titanium embedded material, to overcome with aciding after the existing sandblast, the ionic reaction etching method, electrochemical process, common laser processing method or plasma spraying method are handled the surface of titanium embedded material, are difficult to obtain uniform roughness, can not obtain the picture on surface of rule, bioactive layer comes off and the shortcoming of process complexity easily.
The present invention solves this technical problem the technical scheme that is adopted: the application of femtosecond laser in pure titanium implantation material surface is handled the steps include:
The first step with the pure titanium embedded material polishing of bulk, is taken out close drying at room temperature earlier again after deionized water for ultrasonic is cleaned, place then on three mobile example platforms, adjusts pure titanium implantation material surface and makes it keep level;
Second step, in air, with vertical incidence directly over the pure titanium embedded material of femto-second laser pulse handled bulk in the first step, utilize Nd:YAG laser instrument and assisted focused by 10 times of object lens, femto-second laser pulse focuses at this bulk pure titanium implantation material surface, and forming radius is the hot spot of 5 μ m;
In the 3rd step, setting femtosecond laser machined parameters is: pulse recurrence frequency 1 KHz; 5～200 little joules of single pulse energies; Pulse width 50 femtoseconds; Pulse center wavelength 800 nanometers; 10～100 microns of Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks, laser scanning speed 0.5～1.2mm/ second, it is parallel with laser scanning direction to regulate laser polarization direction, scan the whole surface of the pure titanium embedded material of this bulk with this femtosecond laser, make the regular pattern that is formed with uniform striped, hole, groove or this several configurations combinations at pure titanium implantation material surface thus, promptly be formed with the even roughness degree, and generate the titanium-base biomedical material of oxide layer on the titanium surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Femtosecond laser directly to titanium implant surface modification have machined layer thin, little to matrix effect, can process multiple different pattern, the surface oxide layer that is generated and matrix bond advantage closely simultaneously, can effectively improve planting body short-term and the long-term biocompatibility of implanting.
The present invention uses femtosecond laser and handles pure titanium implantation material surface, be formed with the topological pattern of the rule of uniform striped, hole, groove or these several configuration combinations at pure titanium implantation material surface, promptly the surface forms the even roughness degree, and generates oxide layer on the titanium surface.CN1712566 and CN1392799 adopt strong acid that implantation material surface is corroded to obtain certain roughness, this class chemical method is difficult in implantation material surface and obtains uniform roughness, and picture on surface that can not formation rule, in addition, because the effect of strong acid, in processing procedure, cause the hydrogenation of implantation material surface easily, influence the biologically active of embedded material.Handling implantation material surface with aciding after the sandblast or plasma spraying method compares, the inventive method is by utilizing the assisted focused control focus of laser instrument, the energy of control femtosecond laser, processing spacing, sweep speed and polarization direction, be formed with the topological picture on surface and the surface oxide layer (seeing accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 5) of the rule of uniform striped, hole, groove or these several configuration combinations thus at pure titanium implantation material surface, this method also has does not simultaneously have foreign ion to pollute and the easy advantage of machining process.From the cell cultivation results as seen, pure titanium implantation material surface after the inventive method is handled, more than the cell growth population and along Laser Processing direction oriented growth (seeing accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 6), cell grows more pseudopodium (seeing accompanying drawing 4 and accompanying drawing 7), these pseudopodium put in the micropore of pure titanium implantation material surface or catch the striped on surface, strengthened the adhesion of cell and matrix, resulting surface topology patterning shows the inducing action of tangible cell growth, and the oriented growth of cell will help the wound healing after material is implanted, and the pure titanium implantation material surface cell quantity of acid etching few (seeing accompanying drawing 9) after the sandblast, the pseudopodium of growth is also few.Analysis result to emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability on the block pure titanium material that makes with distinct methods shows (seeing accompanying drawing 10), the ability of emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase is apparently higher than the ability of emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase on the pure titanium implantation material surface of sandblast acid etching on the pure titanium implantation material surface that the inventive method is handled, and the regular pattern of the block pure titanium material surface that this explanation the inventive method makes helps promoting the mineralization ability organized.
These beneficial effects of the present invention are also fully proved in the following embodiments.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of the embodiment of the invention 1 pure titanium implantation material surface after femtosecond pulse processing.
Fig. 2 is the striped among Fig. 1 and the enlarged photograph of micro-hole.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the invention 1 a prepared pure titanium implantation material surface cell growing state scanned photograph.
Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 cell at epontic enlarged photograph.
Fig. 5 is the stereoscan photographs of the embodiment of the invention 2 pure titanium implantation material surfaces after femtosecond pulse processing.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the invention 2 prepared pure titanium implantation material surface cell growing state scanned photograph.
Fig. 7 be among Fig. 6 cell at epontic enlarged photograph.
Fig. 8 is the X-ray diffraction curve of the pure titanium implantation material surface of various embodiments of the present invention, wherein, A is the X-ray diffraction curve of pure titanium, B is the X-ray diffraction curve of the embodiment of the invention 1 prepared pure titanium implantation material surface, and C is the X-ray diffraction curve of the embodiment of the invention 2 prepared pure titanium implantation material surfaces.
Fig. 9 handles the scanned photograph of pure titanium implantation material surface cell growing state for aciding after the sandblast.
Figure 10 is the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram behind the aciding processing pure titanium implantation material surface after various embodiments of the present invention and the sandblast.Wherein, A is with the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram behind the aciding processing pure titanium implantation material surface after the sandblast, B is the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1 prepared pure titanium implantation material surface, and C is the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2 prepared pure titanium implantation material surfaces.
The specific embodiment
The first step is earlier with 10 * 10 * 3mm
3The block pure titanium embedded material of size is polished step by step with 400-800 waterproof abrasive paper, and close drying at room temperature after deionized water for ultrasonic is cleaned places on three mobile example platforms then again, adjusts pure titanium implantation material surface and makes its maintenance level;
Second step, in air, with vertical incidence directly over the pure titanium embedded material of femto-second laser pulse handled bulk in the first step, utilize Nd:YAG laser instrument and assisted focused by 10 times of object lens, femto-second laser pulse focuses at this bulk pure titanium implantation material surface, and forming radius is the hot spot of 5 μ m;
In the 3rd step, setting femtosecond laser machined parameters is: pulse recurrence frequency 1 KHz; 5 little joules of single pulse energies; Pulse width 50 femtoseconds; Pulse center wavelength 800 nanometers; 10 microns of Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks, laser scanning speed 0.5mm/ second, it is parallel with laser scanning direction to regulate laser polarization direction, scan the whole surface of the pure titanium embedded material of this bulk with this femtosecond laser, make the regular pattern that is formed with uniform striped configuration at pure titanium implantation material surface thus, promptly be formed with the even roughness degree, and generate the titanium-base biomedical material of oxide layer on the titanium surface.
Carrying out mouse bone-forming cell on the oxide layer of the prepared block pure titanium implantation material surface of present embodiment cultivates to verify its biologically active.Employed cell and cultural method are: this tests employed cell is the animal Gegenbaur's cell, takes from the mouse cranium, called after OCT-1 cell.Cell is commissioned to train foster through just, by after the transfection of viral gene calcium phosphate precipitation technology, being immortalized property becomes continuity clone again.The basic goal of carrying out cell transfecting is to increase the cell rise time, guarantees that cell has identical base attribute and physiological function in effective passage number.The OCT-1 cell is used for experimentizing after 3 days in recovery.Generally speaking, if the experiment thing is toxic to cultured cell, can show in back 48 hours in cultivation.Cell culture medium employing DMEM culture medium+volume fraction is hyclone+80U/mL gentamicin of 0.10.Under aseptic condition, the pure titanium embedded material of the prepared bulk of present embodiment is put into culture dish, with the gluing jail of mouse tail, pour the cell suspension that modulates into, the pure titanium embedded material of the prepared bulk of present embodiment is covered fully.Culture dish is put under 37 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature in incubator inherence and is left standstill cultivation.Cultivate after 4 days and to take out the pure titanium embedded material of the prepared bulk of present embodiment and drop into 3% glutaraldehyde solution immediately and fix, with the prepared block pure titanium implantation material surface cell adhesion condition of scanning electron microscopic observation present embodiment.One group of pure titanium embedded material of the prepared bulk of present embodiment was cultivated respectively 2,7,12 days, analyzed the mineralization ability of organizing of cell on the pure titanium embedded material of the prepared bulk of present embodiment then with alkaline phosphoric acid enzyme method.
From the stereoscan photograph of Fig. 1 present embodiment pure titanium implantation material surface after femtosecond pulse processing as can be seen, the pure titanium implantation material surface that present embodiment makes forms the regular pattern of uniform striped configuration, enlarged photograph Fig. 2 of Fig. 1 shows, be coated with a large amount of nano particles on the striped that this pure titanium implantation material surface forms, have micron-sized hole between striped.Show that from the comparative analysis of the X-ray diffraction curve of the X-ray diffraction curve of the pure titanium implantation material surface of Fig. 8 B present embodiment and the pure titanium of Fig. 8 A the pure titanium implantation material surface that present embodiment makes has produced tangible titanyl compound.From the prepared pure titanium implantation material surface cell of Fig. 3 present embodiment growing state scanned photograph as can be seen, cell is in the growth of creeping of this pure titanium implantation material surface vertical stripes direction orientation, and attach situation and growthform on the surface good.Fig. 4 is that cell grows a large amount of pseudopodium at epontic enlarged photograph from this photo visible cell among Fig. 3, and these pseudopodium hold on to the striped contoured face of this pure titanium implantation material surface, illustrates that cell and this pure titanium implantation material surface have good binding.B among Figure 10 is the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram of present embodiment 1 prepared pure titanium implantation material surface, with A among Figure 10 with sandblast after the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram handled behind the pure titanium implantation material surface of aciding compare, show that cell has the favorable tissue mineralization ability on the prepared pure titanium implantation material surface of this example.
The first step is with embodiment 1;
Second step is with embodiment 1;
In the 3rd step, setting femtosecond laser machined parameters is: pulse recurrence frequency 1 KHz; 150 little joules of single pulse energies; Pulse width 50 femtoseconds; Pulse center wavelength 800 nanometers; 100 microns of Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks, laser scanning speed 0.5mm/ second, it is parallel with laser scanning direction to regulate laser polarization direction, scan the whole surface of the pure titanium embedded material of this bulk with this femtosecond laser, make the regular pattern that is formed with uniform striped, hole and the combination of ditch channel at pure titanium implantation material surface thus, promptly be formed with the even roughness degree, and generate the titanium-base biomedical material of oxide layer on the titanium surface.
Carry out mouse bone-forming cell and cultivate to verify its biologically active on resulting oxide layer, employed cell and cultural method are with embodiment 1.
From the pure titanium implantation material surface of Fig. 5 present embodiment stereoscan photograph after femtosecond pulse processing as can be seen, pure titanium implantation material surface has formed the regular pattern that is formed with uniform striped, hole and the combination of ditch channel.Show that from the comparative analysis of the X-ray diffraction curve of the X-ray diffraction curve of the pure titanium implantation material surface of Fig. 8 C present embodiment and the pure titanium of Fig. 8 A the pure titanium implantation material surface of present embodiment has produced tangible titanyl compound.From the prepared pure titanium implantation material surface cell of Fig. 6 present embodiment growing state scanned photograph as can be seen, cell at pure titanium implantation material surface along the growth of creeping of groove direction orientation, and it is good in pure titanium implantation material surface attaching situation and growthform, Fig. 7 be among Fig. 6 cell at epontic enlarged photograph, therefrom visible cell grows a large amount of pseudopodium, these pseudopodium put in the pure titanium implantation material surface hole, illustrate that cell and pure titanium implantation material surface have good binding.C among Figure 10 handles emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram behind the pure titanium implantation material surface for the present embodiment method, with A among Figure 10 with sandblast after the emiocytosis alkaline phosphatase ability block diagram handled behind the pure titanium implantation material surface of aciding compare, show that cell has the favorable tissue mineralization ability on the prepared pure titanium implantation material surface of this example.
Embodiment 3
Other steps are with embodiment 2, and difference is that the setting laser single pulse energy is 100 little joules, and laser scanning speed is 0.8mm/ second, and the Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks is 100 microns.The result is with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4
Other steps are with embodiment 1, and difference is that the setting laser single pulse energy is 50 little joules, and laser scanning speed is 1.2mm/ second, and the Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks is 50 microns.The result is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Other steps are with embodiment 1, and difference is that the setting laser single pulse energy is 30 little joules, and laser scanning speed is 0.6mm/ second, and the Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks is 20 microns.The result is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
Other steps are with embodiment 2, and difference is that the setting laser single pulse energy is 200 little joules, and laser scanning speed is 0.5mm/ second, and the Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks is 90 microns.The result is with embodiment 2.
Claims (2)
1. the application of femtosecond laser in pure titanium implantation material surface is handled the steps include:
The first step with the pure titanium embedded material polishing of bulk, is taken out close drying at room temperature earlier again after deionized water for ultrasonic is cleaned, place then on three mobile example platforms, adjusts pure titanium implantation material surface and makes it keep level;
Second step, in air, with vertical incidence directly over the pure titanium embedded material of femto-second laser pulse handled bulk in the first step, utilize Nd:YAG laser instrument and assisted focused by 10 times of object lens, femto-second laser pulse focuses at this bulk pure titanium implantation material surface, and forming radius is the hot spot of 5 μ m;
In the 3rd step, setting femtosecond laser machined parameters is: pulse recurrence frequency 1 KHz; 5～200 little joules of single pulse energies; Pulse width 50 femtoseconds; Pulse center wavelength 800 nanometers; 10～100 microns of Laser Processing distance between centers of tracks, laser scanning speed 0.5～1.2mm/ second, it is parallel with laser scanning direction to regulate laser polarization direction, scan the whole surface of the pure titanium embedded material of this bulk with this femtosecond laser, make the regular pattern that is formed with uniform striped, hole, groove or this several configurations combinations at pure titanium implantation material surface thus, promptly be formed with the even roughness degree, and generate the titanium-base biomedical material of oxide layer on the titanium surface.
2. according to the application of the described femtosecond laser of claim 1 in pure titanium implantation material surface is handled, it is characterized in that: the size of block pure titanium embedded material described in the first step is 10 * 10 * 3mm
3, polishing process is to polish step by step with 400-800 waterproof abrasive paper.
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| CN109350312B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-01-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Artificial bone manufacturing method and device based on ultrasonic processing |
| CN110257765A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of preparation method of titanium alloy super-hydrophobic structure |
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| CN113476658A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-08 | 北京理工大学重庆创新中心 | Bessel beam-based bone joint implant surface treatment method |
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