CN101259607A - Bolting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bolt drive machine which rotates bolt and drive bolt by using compress air as power source. Under the condition of drive force structure being switched by using steel plate and wooden plate as drive material, air exhaust flow is insufficient when suction flow is reduced. The bolt drive machine is equipped with a valve mainbody (42) movably up and down along an air cylinder (21) axis direction on a valve seat (41), the valve mainbody (42) can be moved upwards through compress air of the air cylinder upper chamber (24) generated by upper moving of a piston (22), consequently, air can be exhausted via a big venthole (42a) and a small venthole (42b).

Description

Bolting machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of bolting machine, it is with the so-called pneumatic tool of compressed air as power source, while be to make to squeeze in the material bolting machine of squeezing into (being screwed into) to screw before the screw screwdriver bit rotation that front end is placed with screw makes it vertically and then with this screw.

Background technology

For example, under the situation of screw fixed as the plasterboard of surperficial material, use the bolting machine of fastening a plurality of screws serially on as the plank of ground.This bolting machine has adopted to utilize with compressed air and has made it mobile vertically formation on one side as the thrust (squeezing into power) of the piston of power source and revolving force (screwing force) one side rotary screw screwdriver bit of air motor, according to this formation, in the moving process of screw screwdriver bit, the front end of screw screwdriver bit is chimeric and this screw broken away from from the screw linking belt with the screw head that links the screw linking belt that many screws are arranged side by side, under this state, make it to run through surperficial material and be driven in (being screwed into) ground while rotating this screw, thus can be on ground with surperficial material screw fixed.

As the technology relevant with this bolting machine, known in the past have a for example disclosed technology in following patent documentation 1.The conventional art has adopted the possess following switching mechanism formation of (inspiratory flow switching mechanism), this switching mechanism switches to two shelves by the inspiratory flow of cylinder of the flow direction being accommodated screw and impacting the piston of usefulness makes the thrust of piston switch to two shelves of size, according to this formation, at ground is under the situation (playing plank) of softer plank and the situation than its more hard steel plate (breaking steel plate), thrust by the inspiratory flow of changing flow direction cylinder with piston switches to two shelves, thus can be under the former situation of playing plank, with the smaller power of squeezing into screw is squeezed into, under the latter's the situation of breaking steel plate, with the bigger power of squeezing into screw is squeezed into, thereby can guarantee the suitable depth of drive in ground respectively, and obtain the suitable fastening force (binding strength) of screw.

Patent documentation 1: No. 3520443 communique of Japanese Patent Laid

Patent documentation 2: the Japan Patent spy opens clear 64-45580 communique

Patent documentation 3: Japanese patent laid-open 8-141931 communique

But, according to above-mentioned inspiratory flow switching mechanism in the past, in order to play plank with inspiratory flow under the state that the low discharge side is dwindled, because therefore the state that the extraction flow when moving also can become reduced on the piston has the problem that exhaust efficiency reduces.

Summary of the invention

The present invention finishes in view of this problem, its purpose is, can come the thrust of switching piston according to the difference of fastening object, even and under the situation that the inspiratory flow that will flow to cylinder because of this switching has dwindled, also can keep high exhaust efficiency.

For this reason, the present invention has adopted the bolting machine of the formation described in each technical scheme.

According to technical scheme 1 described bolting machine, air-breathing via flow transfer valve chamber on cylinder on the top of being located at cylinder.This inspiratory flow can be by switching the flow transfer valve, switches to beat the big flow that steel plate uses and beat the low discharge that plank is used.

And according to technical scheme 1 described bolting machine, transfer valve is by automatically being switched by the pressure that moves chamber on the cylinder that produces on the piston, and the extraction flow that has passed through this flow transfer valve is greater than above-mentioned inspiratory flow.Because this situation, for example in order to play plank with the flow transfer valve under the state that the low discharge side is switched, this flow transfer valve automatically switches and carries out exhaust with the flow greater than inspiratory flow owing to moving on the piston, it is hereby ensured high exhaust efficiency.In addition, for example in order to break steel plate with the flow transfer valve under the state that big flow side is switched, because this flow transfer valve automatically switches and carries out exhaust with the flow greater than inspiratory flow when moving on the piston, therefore also can guarantee high exhaust efficiency under the situation of this dozen steel plate.

According to the bolting machine of technical scheme 1, can switch to the power of squeezing into that is suitable for dozen steel plate respectively and plays plank like this with not damaging exhaust efficiency.

According to technical scheme 2 described bolting machines,, valve body switches inspiratory flow by being rotated around cylinder-bore axis.Can be made as the formation that this switching is carried out in the user's who utilizes this bolting machine manual operation.In addition, utilize the pressure of chamber on the cylinder when on piston, moving, make valve body automatically move and guarantee big extraction flow along the cylinder-bore axis direction.

According to technical scheme 3 described bolting machines, when with valve body around the cylinder-bore axis rotary manipulation for example with big passage and benchmark passage on time, can guarantee big inspiratory flow, can produce big screw thus and squeeze into power (piston thrust) and play the steel plate operation reliably.

Different with it, when with valve body around the cylinder-bore axis rotary manipulation with little passage and benchmark passage on time, can dwindle inspiratory flow, compare with the situation of breaking steel plate thus and can reduce screw and squeeze into power, and screw is driven in the plank with suitable amount.Therefore, can be when reducing screw and squeeze into counteractive carry out simultaneously anti-pulling high play the plank operation.

According to technical scheme 4 described bolting machines, utilize the air pressure of chamber on the cylinder, make valve body overcome acting force of the spring and move and guarantee big extraction flow to the direction of leaving valve pedestal portion.When moving the pressure that finishes chamber on the cylinder on the piston and reduce, the active force of valve body by the compression spring turns back to the state with valve pedestal portion butt.

According to technical scheme 5 described bolting machines, the control stick that handover operation can be used remains in switching position and prevents that it from moving unexpectedly.

According to technical scheme 6 described bolting machines, can realize the multifunction of valve pedestal portion and flow transfer valve, can realize the reduction of part count, the reduction of assembly cost and the densification of this bolting machine thus.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of the integral body of the bolting machine that relates to of present embodiment.This figure represents its original state.

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the bolting machine that relates to of present embodiment.This figure represents the original state of main part.

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2, is the longitudinal sectional view of head valve and cylinder top periphery.This figure is identical with Fig. 2, the full-shut position of the head valve under the original state of expression main part.

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional view of cylinder bottom and damper periphery.This figure represents that damper moves and stage that air motor begins to rotate from the initial position of downside.

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the bolting machine that relates to of present embodiment.This figure represents that head valve is in the stage that half-open position and air motor begin to rotate.In this stage, piston still is positioned at top dead centre.

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the bolting machine that relates to of present embodiment.This figure represents that head valve is in the rotation of full-gear and air motor and stage that piston begins to move down.

Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 6, is the head valve of standard-sized sheet and the longitudinal sectional view of cylinder top periphery.The piston of representing the head valve standard-sized sheet among this figure and beginning to move down.

Fig. 8 is the longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the bolting machine that relates to of present embodiment.This figure represents the piston arrives lower dead center, its as a result air motor stop and finishing stage of squeezing into of screw.

Fig. 9 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 8, is to have arrived the piston of lower dead center and the enlarged drawing of damper periphery.The expression damper is pushed and moves down by piston, the vent passage closing state that its result uses air motor among this figure.

Figure 10 is the rearview that arrow (10) direction from Fig. 1 is seen main part.The expression control stick is switched to the locational state of steel plate pattern that steel plate is used of beating among this figure.

Figure 11 is that Figure 10 (11)-(11) line section is to view.This figure represents the in-built longitudinal section of head valve periphery.

Figure 12 is that Figure 11 (12)-(12) line section is to view.This figure represents the valve pedestal portion of transfer valve and the cross section of head valve.

Figure 13 is the rearview of main part.Expression switches to the locational state of plank pattern that plank is used of beating with control stick among this figure.

Figure 14 is that Figure 13 (14)-(14) line section is to view.The valve pedestal portion of expression transfer valve and the cross section of head valve among this figure.

Figure 15 is that Figure 14 (15)-(15) line section is to view.The valve pedestal portion of expression transfer valve and the cross section of head valve among this figure.

Figure 16 is the top of main part and the longitudinal sectional view of flow transfer valve periphery.Flow transfer valve when this figure represents to move on the piston is expressed as follows state, promptly valve body with respect to valve pedestal portion overcome the compression spring and on move, its result carries out exhaust via the gap that produces between valve pedestal portion and valve body.

Wherein symbol description is as follows:

1... bolting machine, 2... main part, 2a... main body case portion, 2b... head-shield shell, 2c... recess, 2d... the position keeps protuberance (the steel plate pattern is used), 2e... the position keeps protuberance (the plank pattern is used), the 3... handle portion, and 4... triggers valve, 5... trigger, S... screw, the W... screw is squeezed into material, W1... surface material (plasterboard), W2... ground (steel plate or plank), 6... steam hose, 7... pressure accumulating chamber, 8... blast pipe, 8a ... exhaust outlet, 8b ... exhaust chamber, 11 ... nail bin, 12 ... screw linking belt feed mechanism, 13 ... squeeze into a portion, 14 ... carriage (bracket), 14a ... flexure strip, 20... hit agency portion, 21... cylinder, 21a... steam vent, 21b... loopback hole, 21c... inclined plane, 22... piston, 23... the screw screwdriver bit, the two flat faces of 23a..., chamber on the 24... cylinder, 25... chamber under the cylinder, 26... damper (lower dead center side), 26a... inserting hole, 26b... main part, a 26c... axial region, 26d... protuberance, the 26e... gap, 27... keeps sleeve, 27a... sealing ring, 28... sealing ring, 29... loopback air chamber, 30... head valve, 30a... chamber on the head valve, 30b... breather chamber, 30c... breather chamber, chamber under the 30d... head valve, 30e... compression face (outer circumferential side), 30f... compression face (interior all sides), 30g... steam vent, 30h... exhaust chamber, 31... compression spring, 32... breather chamber, 33... breather chamber, 34... breather chamber, 35... valve pedestal portion, 40... the flow transfer valve, 41... valve pedestal portion, 41a... benchmark passage, 42... valve body, 42a... big passage, the little passage of 42b..., 42c... props up axial region, 42d... compression face, 42e... the gap, 43... switches control stick, and 44... compresses spring, 50... air motor, 51... rotary shaft, 51a... screwdriver bit inserting hole, 52...... motor blow vent, 53... bearing, 54... bearing, 55... rotary shaft, 60... second framework, 60a... support holes, 61... first framework, 61a... inserting hole, 61b... upper surface, 63... the 3rd framework, 70... reducing gear portion, 71... central gear, 72... planetary gear, 73... planet carrier, 73a... inserting hole, 74... bearing, 75... internal gear.

The specific embodiment

Below, based on Fig. 1～Figure 16 embodiments of the present invention are described.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent the non-action status (original state) of the bolting machine 1 that present embodiment relates to.This bolting machine 1 possesses the main part 2 with approximate circle cylinder body shape and is configured to from the long side direction substantial middle of main part 2 handle portion 3 to the outstanding state in side.Near the base portion of handle portion 3, dispose and trigger valve 4.This triggering valve 4 carries out opening and closing operations by the trigger 5 that the user detains pulling process with finger tip.Owing to trigger valve 4 itself with known valve was identical in the past, do not need in the present embodiment to change especially, therefore to its formation and the detailed of moving.

When the user detains pulling process to trigger 5, promptly a screw S is driven into screw and squeezes among the material W from the front end (lower end Fig. 1) of main part 2.It is the material with double-layer structural of surperficial material W1 and ground W2 that screw is squeezed into material W, and surperficial material W1 for example is a plasterboard, and ground W2 is plank or steel plate.

At the front end of handle portion 3, be connected with the compressed-air actuated steam hose 6 that is used to supply with the power source that becomes this bolting machine 1.Pressure accumulating chamber 7 to the inside of handle portion 3 supplies with compressed air from this steam hose 6.In addition, in the inside of this handle portion 3, blast pipe 8 is installed along its long side direction.One distolateral (exhaust outlet 8a) of this blast pipe 8 is at the leading section opening of handle portion 3.Another of blast pipe 8 distolateral be located at main part 2 in exhaust chamber 8b be communicated with.

Between the leading section of the bottom of main part 2 and handle portion 3, be equipped with: the nail bin 11 of accommodating the screw linking belt (diagram slightly) that keeps many screw S～S side by side; The screw linking belt that is used for pulling out from nail bin 11 is to the interrupted screw linking belt feed mechanism of supplying with 12 of main part 2 sides.

Main part 2 possesses hit agency portion 20, air motor 50 and reducing gear portion 70 successively from upside in Fig. 1.As shown in the figure, hit agency portion 20 is disposed at upside with respect to handle portion 3, and air motor 50 and reducing gear portion 70 are disposed at downside.

Hit agency portion 20 possesses cylinder 21 and is housed in its inner piston 22.Piston 22 can be accommodated along the diagram above-below direction in cylinder 21 with moving around.Below, the chamber of the upside of hermetic dividing with the air chamber of cylinder 21 inside and by piston 22 is called chamber 24 on the cylinder, and the chamber of downside is called chamber 25 under the cylinder.

Cylinder 22 can't be remained in the inboard that keeps sleeve 27 movably.Keep sleeve 27 to be fixed on the main body case 2a of main part 2.

Center below piston 22 is combined with the upper end of screw screwdriver bit 23, and it can be around its axle rotation, and can't move vertically.Screw screwdriver bit 23 below piston 22 center downwards (screw is squeezed into direction) extend very longways near the leading section that arrives main part 2.

In the upper periphery side that keeps sleeve 27, dispose the head valve 30 of cylindrical shape.The details of this head valve 30 and periphery thereof is shown among Fig. 3.Fig. 3 is expressed as follows state, promptly from the original state of Figure 1 and Figure 2, trigger 5 is begun to detain pulling process and head valve 30 is begun to open, and air motor 50 begins rotation, the state that moves on the damper 26 in addition thus.To narrate in the back for these actions from initial position.

Between this head valve 30 and head-shield shell 2b, be folded with compression spring 31～31.Utilize this compression spring 31～31 with head valve 30 (closing side) promotion downwards often.In addition, the upper face side (chamber 30a on the head valve) that can switch to this head valve 30 has the compressed-air actuated state of pressure accumulating chamber 7 and does not act on compressed-air actuated state to atmosphere opening via triggering valve 4 effects.The switching of the air pressure active state of chamber 30a is to be realized by the operation of trigger 5 and the action of triggering valve 4 on this head valve.

On the other hand, in the bottom of head valve 30, be respectively equipped with the compression face 30e of the outer circumferential side that tilts to the direction that makes the wall thickness attenuation and the compression face 30f of interior all sides with spreading all over complete cycle.Among the 30d of chamber, often flow into the compressed air of pressure accumulating chamber 7 under the head valve of below the compression face 30e of outer circumferential side, dividing.Therefore, effect often has compressed-air actuated air pressure on compression face 30e.Act on the directive effect that the compressed air pressure edge on the compression face 30e is moved upward head valve 30.

When the button pulling process that utilizes trigger 5 makes when triggering valve 4 and carrying out opening action, the compressed air of chamber 30a is discharged from and to atmosphere opening on the head valve.The active force of compression spring 31～31 is set to littler than the compressed-air actuated pressure on the compression face 30e that acts on head valve 30.Therefore, when triggering valve 4 and carry out opening action, head valve 30 utilize the compressed air pressure that acts on its compression face 30e to overcome compression spring 31～31 and on move.

When moving on the head valve 30, the starting stage (half-open state) that begins to open between the upper surface of its lower end and valve pedestal portion 35, the breather chamber 30b of interior all sides is communicated with chamber 30d under the head valve of outer circumferential side, its as a result compressed air flow in the breather chamber 30b.Breather chamber 30b is communicated with air motor 50 via breather chamber 32.Therefore, in the starting stage that head valve 30 begins to open, at first be that air motor 50 begins rotation.Details for air motor 50 will be narrated in the back.

Flow into the compressed air in the breather chamber 30b, act on the compression face 30f of interior all sides of head valve 30, therefore head valve 30 moves on will be always and by standard-sized sheet thereafter.The state of expression head valve 30 standard-sized sheets among Fig. 7.When head valve 30 standard-sized sheets, will open vent passage at it and between the sealing ring 27a that the upper periphery of maintenance sleeve 27 is installed, and the breather chamber 30c of interior all sides of head valve 30 is communicated with breather chamber 30b, thereby compressed air will flow into this breather chamber 30c.Flowing into compressed air in the breather chamber 30c flow into via the flow transfer valve of installing on the top of cylinder 21 40 on the cylinder in the chamber 24.When such compressed air flow on the cylinder in the chamber 24, piston 22 moved down.When piston 22 moved down, screw screwdriver bit 23 axially moved down along it integratedly.

When screw screwdriver bit 23 moved down, its front end will engage with the head of a screw S of the screw linking belt of being supplied with by nail bin 11, after under this state this screw S being taken off from the screw linking belt, it is driven into screw squeezes among the material W.The power of squeezing into of screw screwdriver bit 23 (thrust of piston 22) can be come the inspiratory flow of chamber 24 on the changing flow direction cylinder by the flow transfer valve 40 that utilizes following explanation, and switches to two shelves of size.

The details of this flow transfer valve 40 also is shown in Figure 10～16.This flow transfer valve 40 possess with the upper end of cylinder 21 with valve pedestal portion 41, the valve body 42 of the fixing approximate circular plate type of the state of hermetic filling, change the switching control stick 43 of both relative positions.

Valve pedestal portion 41 is embedded in the upper end of the cylinder 21 that opens wide with mortar shape, and with the upper end that hermetic is sandwiched in this cylinder 21 and the state between the head-shield shell 2b, is fixed to the state that can't move and can't pivot in the axial direction.This valve pedestal portion 41 has the elasticity of appropriateness, also have limited piston 22 on move end (top dead centre), and absorb the function as damper (buffer body) of the impact when moving on it.In this valve pedestal portion 41, be provided with the benchmark passage 41a～41a that connects along its thickness of slab direction.In the present embodiment, 3 benchmark passage 41a～41a are disposed at the trisection posistion (120 ° of intervals) of circumferencial direction.As Figure 12 and shown in Figure 15, each benchmark passage 41a is with fan-shaped opening, and its aperture area becomes bigger.

Valve body 42 is the members that have with the opposed approximate circular plate shape of upper surface of valve pedestal portion 41, and the center is provided with an axial region 42c integratedly in the above.By this axial region 42c, valve body 42 by with can around the rotation of its axle center and can along axis direction in certain scope parallel mobile state support on head-shield shell 2b.Prop up axial region 42c and connect head-shield shell 2b, and to outstanding in the recess 2c of the outside of this head-shield shell 2b setting.On this ledge, be equipped with and switch control stick 43.Switch control stick 43 is fixed in an axial region 42c by Screw 45 front end.The position around an axial region 42c of valve body 42 can utilize the rotating operation of this switching control stick 43 and switch simply from the outside.As Figure 10 and shown in Figure 13, the recess 2c of head-shield shell 2b forms to overlook and sees with about 60 ° of open fan-shaped.Switching control stick 43 is accommodated with the state that does not stretch out in this recess 2b basically.Therefore, switch control stick 43 operation of in about 60 ° scope, being fascinated.By switching control stick 43 with the about 60 ° operations of fascinating, can be with valve body 42 rotary manipulation in about 60 ° scope.

On valve body 42, be provided with three big passage 42a～42a and three little passage 42b～42b along the thickness of slab direction respectively with connecting.It is the trisection posistion of the circumferencial direction at center that three big passage 42a～42a are disposed at an axial region 42c.In the present embodiment, each big passage 42a forms fan-shaped with the identical size of benchmark passage 41a of above-mentioned valve pedestal portion 41 sides.It is the trisection posistion of the circumferencial direction at center that three little passage 42b～42b also are disposed at an axial region 42c.Each little passage 42b is disposed at the central authorities between 2 big passage 42a, the 42a of adjacency in a circumferential direction.Thereby three big passage 42a～42a and three little passage 42b～42b alternatively dispose with 60 ° of intervals on same circumference basically.Therefore, when switching control stick 43 when about 60 ° scope is fascinated operation, then can switch to each, aim at the state (state shown in Figure 12) of big passage 42a and aim at the state (state shown in Figure 15) of little passage 42b with respect to three benchmark passage 41a～41a of valve pedestal portion 41.

Aim at the state of big passage 42a～42a and aim under the state of little passage 42b at the benchmark passage 41a～41a with respect to valve pedestal portion 41, the flow path area on the breather chamber 30c of interior all sides of head valve 30 and the cylinder between the chamber 24 has a great difference.Compare with the former situation, flow path area diminishes under the latter's the situation.Under the former situation, the total area of three big passage 42a～42a is (under the situation of present embodiment, substantially equate with the total area of three benchmark passage 41a～41a) become flow path area, under the latter's the situation, the total area of three little passage 42b～42b becomes flow path area.

Therefore, under the former situation, the compressed-air actuated inflow quantitative change that flow into the time per unit of chamber 24 on the cylinder makes the thrust of piston 22 become big greatly, and is big thereby the power of squeezing into of screw S becomes.As described later, this situation is applicable to that ground W2 is the situation (steel plate pattern) of steel plate.

Different with it, under the latter's the situation, flow path area dwindles, and the influx of the compressed air of time per unit chamber 24 on cylinder diminishes, its as a result the thrust of piston 22 compare with the former situation and diminish, so the power of squeezing into of screw S diminishes.This situation is applicable to that ground W2 is the situation (plank pattern) of plank.

As mentioned above, the bolting machine 1 of present embodiment possesses the flow transfer valve 40 of the power of squeezing into that is used to adjust screw S.According to this flow transfer valve 40, the influx of compressed air chamber 24 on cylinder can be switched with two shelves, no matter be thus under so-called situation of breaking steel plate or beating under the situation of plank, can carry out drive operation with the power of squeezing into of the best.Figure 10 represents to switch the state that control stick 43 switches to the steel plate pattern that is suitable for dozen steel plate, and Figure 11 represents to switch the state that control stick 43 switches to the plank pattern that is suitable for dozen plank.

In the bottom of recess 2c, be provided with and be used for to switch the position that control stick 43 remains in steel plate mode position and plank mode position respectively and keep protuberance 2d, 2e.On the other hand, valve body 42 by be located between itself and the head-shield shell 2b compression spring 44 and by to towards the direction of valve pedestal portion 41 pushings (among the figure for the downwards) application of force.Therefore, be installed on control stick 43 on the axial region 42c of valve body 42 integratedly and just become by the active force of this compression spring 44 state that keeps the direction application of force that protuberance 2d, 2e push to position towards recess 2c.Utilize the active force of this compression spring 44 to keep control stick 43 relative positions to keep the elasticity fastening state of protuberance 2d, 2e, and give the moving resistance of appropriateness.By giving this moving resistance, can flexibly remain on each position switching control stick 43, and prevent that it from moving unexpectedly.

In addition, valve body 42 by above-mentioned compression spring 44 by to the direction application of force towards valve pedestal portion 41 pushing.Under the situation of above-mentioned steel plate pattern, the big passage 42a～42a of roughly the same aperture area aims at three benchmark passage 41a～41a of valve pedestal portion 41 respectively, so the compressed air pressures in the chamber 24 do not act on the valve body 42 basically on the cylinder when moving on the piston 22.Therefore, when moving on the piston under the steel plate pattern, valve body 42 is maintained at the state of the upper surface that presses against valve pedestal portion 41, thus compressed air on cylinder the inflow in the chamber 24 and from the cylinder the exhaust in the chamber 24 all be that total area with three benchmark passage 41a～41a carries out as flow path area.

Different with it, under the situation of the plank pattern shown in Figure 13～Figure 16,, aim at the little passage 42b～42b of enough little by comparison aperture area respectively with respect to three benchmark passage 41a～41a of valve pedestal portion 41.Therefore, as shown in figure 14, in each benchmark passage 41a, the following state that exposes in the chamber 24 on the cylinder that forms valve body 42.This part of having exposed plays a role as the compression face 42d of the compressed air pressure in the chamber 24 on the cylinder that bears when moving on the piston, so the compressed air pressures in the chamber 24 can act on the valve body 42 on the cylinder.Under this situation, the directive effect that the compressed air pressure on the cylinder in the chamber 24 moves on along making valve body 42 overcome compression spring 44.The active force of compression spring 44 is appropriately set at, and utilizes the compressed air pressures in the chamber on the cylinder when moving on the piston 22 24 and can make on this valve body 42 and move.

As shown in figure 16, when valve body 42 overcome compression spring 44 and on when moving, this valve body 42 leaves the upper surface of valve pedestal portion 41 and between produces gap 42e.Via this gap 42e, chamber 24 not only is communicated with three little passage 42b～42b of valve body 42 on the piston, also is communicated with three big passage 42a～42a.

As mentioned above, under the situation of the steel plate pattern shown in Figure 10～Figure 12, benchmark passage 41a～41a with respect to valve pedestal portion 41, aim at the big passage 42a of valve body 42 respectively, it is many that time per unit when therefore piston moves down flows to the inspiratory flow quantitative change of chamber 24 on the cylinder, can obtain the very big power of squeezing into, and the capacity of the time per unit the chamber from cylinder 24 in the time of can guaranteeing to move on the piston of q.s can be guaranteed high exhaust efficiency thus and realizes going up smoothly to move and doing of piston 22.

Different with it; under the situation of the plank pattern shown in Figure 13～Figure 16; the inspiratory flow that time per unit when piston moves down flows to chamber 24 on the cylinder dwindles; can obtain to be suitable for beating the more weak power of squeezing into of plank; yet valve body 42 overcomes compression spring 44 and moves when moving on piston; flow path area automatically can be widened and guaranteed high exhaust efficiency, thereby in this case, also can guarantee going up smoothly to move and doing of piston 22.

Exhaust turns back to the breather chamber 30c of interior all sides of head valve 30 via flow transfer valve 40.Under this situation, head valve 30 moves down and seals and keep sleeve 27, thus breather chamber 30c become with breather chamber 30b and head valve under the state that hermetic blocks of chamber 30d.Therefore, exhaust will be discharged to the exhaust chamber 30h of the outer circumferential side of this head valve 30 via being located at the steam vent 30g～30g on the head valve 30.Exhaust chamber 30h is communicated with exhaust chamber 8b via having omitted illustrated exhaust line, thereby is communicated with blast pipe 8 in the handle portion 3.The exhaust (compressed air) that flow into blast pipe 8 is discharged in atmosphere via exhaust outlet 8a.

In addition, on the side face of the upper side of cylinder 21, be provided with a plurality of steam vent 21a～21a.This steam vent 21a～21a by the sealing ring 28 that is installed on outer circumferential side only towards unidirectional hermetic shutoff (suction side) (check-valves).Therefore, the exhaust of chamber 24 is also undertaken by this steam vent 21a～21a except being undertaken by above-mentioned flow transfer valve 40 on the cylinder when moving on the piston.The compressed air of discharging from steam vent 21a～21a flow in the breather chamber 30c in the same manner with exhaust via flow transfer valve 40, discharges to exhaust chamber 30h via steam vent 30g～30g thereafter.

The exhaust of chamber 25 is to carry out via a plurality of loopbacks hole 21b～21b on the side face of the lower side of being located at cylinder 21 under cylinder when piston moves down.This loopback hole 21b～21b quilt is to loopback air chamber 29 openings that hermetic mark off between cylinder 21 and maintenance sleeve 27.As described later, arrive lower dead center and stage that damper 26 is opened at piston 22, compressed air flow in this loopback air chamber 29 from breather chamber 33 via loopback hole 21b～21b.Flow into the compressed air in this loopback air chamber 29, turn back under the cylinder in the chamber 25 through loopback hole 21b once more when on piston 22, moving, and as being used for the actuating source that will move on the piston 22 and being utilized.

In addition, piston 22 moves down end position (lower dead center) by damper 26 restrictions.The details of the formation of this damper 26 and periphery thereof is shown among Fig. 4 and Fig. 9.The elastomer of this damper 26 for the bottom of cylinder 21 is hermetic clogged in the present embodiment, can be supported along piston moving direction (being above-below direction among Fig. 4) in certain scope with displacement.Center at this damper 26 is provided with inserting hole 26a with connecting.In this inserting hole 26a, can insert with moving along its axis and be connected with screw screwdriver bit 23.

This damper 26 possesses the main part 26b of approximate truncated cone shape and extend at the center below main part 26b an axial region 26c downwards.The top of main part 26b forms its side face to the truncated cone shape that tilts the closer to the more little direction of upside diameter.Push to the inclined plane 21c of the open lower side portion that is formed at cylinder 21 by side face, chamber under the cylinder 25 and breather chamber 33 described later hermetic can be sealed this main part 26b.

An axial region 26c of this damper 26 passes the inserting hole 61a that is fixed in first framework 61 on the main body case 2a, is bearing in its downside with axially displaceable state insertion and similarly is fixed among the support holes 60a of second framework 60 on the main body case 2a.On this second framework 60, by the rotary shaft 51 of the upside of bearing 53 rotatably supports air motor 50 described later.

This damper 26 absorbs the impact that piston as shown in Figure 9 22 arrives when moving down end position, and utilize this piston 22 thrust and to the downside displacement.In the present embodiment, this position to the downside displacement is set as the initial position of damper 26.As described later, arrive lower dead center and make damper 26 to the downside displacement by piston 22, chamber under the cylinder 25 is communicated with breather chamber 33, supply with compressed air from breather chamber 33 chamber 25 under cylinder thus, it flow in the loopback air chamber 29 via loopback hole 21b.

Below main part 26b and axial region 26c around, be provided with the protuberance 26d of cross section semicircular in shape with spreading all over complete cycle.The upper surface 61b of above-mentioned first framework 61 is positioned at the below of this protuberance 26d.By utilizing the button pulling process of trigger 5, make this damper 26 to the upside displacement as illustrated in fig. 4, become the state that this protuberance 26d leaves the upper surface 61b of first framework 61 thus.Under this state, be in the breather chamber 33 and the interior state that is communicated with of inserting hole 61a of the outer circumferential side of protuberance 26d.As described later, breather chamber 33 is communicated with the breather chamber 30b of all sides in the head valve via breather chamber 32.Therefore, in the initial stage that when head valve 30 is opened, begins to open, supply with compressed air, thus under the state that damper 26 moves from initial position to breather chamber 33, supply with compressed air from pressure accumulating chamber 7 to air motor 50, air motor 50 begins rotation thus.

Different with it, when damper 26 as illustrated in fig. 9 during, become protuberance 26d by state to the upper surface 61b of first framework 61 pushing to the initial position displacement of downside.Under this state, as mentioned above, become the state that breather chamber 33 is communicated with chamber 25 under the cylinder, on the other hand, become the state that breather chamber 33 and inserting hole 61a, breather chamber 34, motor blow vent 52 hermetic seal.As described later, under the sealing state, become the intercepted state of compressed-air actuated supply to air motor 50, and become the state that air motor 50 stops from pressure accumulating chamber 7.

In addition, when air motor 50 is opened head valve 30 by the button pulling process of trigger 5, in the starting stage that it begins to open, begin rotation.The breather chamber 30b of all sides is communicated with the air entry 52 of air motor 50 via breather chamber 32,33,34 in the bottom of head valve 30.Therefore, under the relative valve pedestal of head valve as shown in Figure 3 30 portion 35 pent states,, therefore can't carry out compressed-air actuated supply, thereby air motor 50 just becomes the state that stops to motor air entry 52 because breather chamber 30b is blocked with pressure accumulating chamber 7.

When the button pulling process by trigger 5 with head valve on chamber 30a to atmosphere opening and when making head valve 30 begin to open, chamber 30d is communicated with the breather chamber 30b of interior all sides under the head valve of the outer circumferential side of head valve 30, supplies with compressed air to breather chamber 30b thus.Compressed air to the supply of breather chamber 30b from as the next stage, promptly, move on the head valve 30 and between the inner peripheral surface of sealing ring 27a and head valve 30, produce the gap, this breather chamber 30b is communicated with the stage before with the breather chamber 30c of all sides in the head valve thus, before just piston 22 begins to move down supplying with compressed air to breather chamber 30c (starting stage that begins to open).As mentioned above, because breather chamber 30b is communicated with breather chamber 33 via breather chamber 32, therefore when compressed air flow into breather chamber 30b, it also can flow into breather chamber 33.The compressed air that flow into breather chamber 33 plays the effect that moves on the damper 26 of downside displacement.Promptly, under original state, since be positioned at downside as below the main part 26b of damper 26 and the outer circumferential side of protuberance 26d, therefore the compressed air of breather chamber 33 should move from its initial position by this damper 26 in the stage along with its directive effect to the upside displacement.When moving on the damper 26, hermetic blocked between chamber 25 and the breather chamber 33 under the cylinder, and breather chamber 33 is communicated with breather chamber 34.Therefore, the compressed air that flow into breather chamber 30b is supplied with to air motor 50 via breather chamber 34 and motor air entry 52, and air motor 50 will begin rotation like this.That is, soon, at first air motor 50 begins rotation after beginning to open from head valve 30.

On the rotary shaft 51 of air motor 50, be provided with the rounded screwdriver bit inserting hole 51a in cross section with the state that spreads all over its whole length perforation.Screw screwdriver bit 23 is led in this screwdriver bit inserting hole 51a inserting around the relative state that rotates and can move axially relatively of axle.

And, because air motor 50 itself is known in the past so-called vane motor, therefore for detailed such as its formations.

The rotary shaft 53 of the downside of air motor 50 is rotatably supported on the 3rd framework 63 of installing on the leading section of main body case 2a by bearing 54.Between the 3rd framework 63 and above-mentioned second framework 60, constitute air motor 50.

The rotary shaft 55 of the downside of air motor 50 combines with reducing gear portion 70.In the present embodiment, in this reducing gear portion 70, use planetary gears.Central gear 71 is installed on rotary shaft 55.On this central gear 71, be engaged with two planetary gears 72,72.Two planetary gears 72,72 and the internal gear 75 that is fixed on the main body case 2a mesh.These two planetary gears 72,72 are by planet carrier 73 supportings.Planet carrier 73 be can be rotated to support on the front end of main body case 2a by bearing 74.

At the center of planet carrier 73, be formed with the inserting hole 73a that is used for inserting logical screw screwdriver bit 23 with the state that connects along its central axis.In this inserting hole 73a, with relative displacement in the axial direction and can't insert around the incorporate with the relative rotation state of axle and be connected with screw screwdriver bit 23.

The inserting hole 73a of planet carrier 73 has elliptic cross-section.Corresponding with it, at the axial downside of screw screwdriver bit 23 roughly in half the scope, be parallel to each other and smooth separately two flat facial 23a, 23a in axially long scope, being provided with accordingly with the elliptic cross-section of above-mentioned inserting hole 73a.To make two flat facial 23a, 23a often be positioned at the mode of inserting hole 73a in the four corner that moves along its axis at this screw screwdriver bit 23, on axis direction, in the scope of length the flat facial 23a of this pair, 23a are set.By making two flat facial 23a, 23a often be arranged in the inserting hole 73a of planet carrier 73 like this, can be with screw screwdriver bit 23 integrated with planet carrier 73 in the rotation in its axle center, transmit to screw screwdriver bit 23 via the torque of the air motor 50 of planet carrier 73 outputs thus.

As mentioned above, because the rotation of air motor 50 output is decelerated by reducing gear portion 70 and transmits to screw screwdriver bit 23, air motor 50 and reducing gear portion 70 transmit torque on the position of squeezing into the position of the leading section of main part 2 and the most close screw S to screw screwdriver bit 23, the distortion ground that does not produce this screw screwdriver bit 23 of therefore can trying one's best applies torque (tightening torque) effectively to screw S.

In the lower end of main part 2, be provided with the columnar portion 13 that squeezes into.Screw screwdriver bit 23 moves around when this squeezes into interior all sideway swivels of a portion 13.In this long side direction half-way of squeezing into a portion 13, be connected with above-mentioned screw linking belt feed mechanism 12.Utilize this screw linking belt feed mechanism 12,, thereby in squeezing into a portion 13, supply with screw S linkedly by root ground with the action of squeezing into of main part 2 sides every a spacing ground feeding screws linking belt.

At the leading section of squeezing into a portion 13, squeeze into the damage of material W in order to prevent screw, and the carriage 14 that flexure strip 14a has been installed is installed.Squeeze into a portion 13 and squeeze into material W across this carriage 14 to screw and lean, under this state, carry out screw S squeezes into squeeze into (fastening) from material W to screw.

According to the bolting machine 1 of the present embodiment that constitutes as described above, when supplying with to pressure accumulating chamber 7 under the compressed-air actuated state when trigger 5 detained pulling process, chamber 30a makes on the head valve 30 to atmosphere opening and moves on the head valve.When moving on the head valve 30, in its starting stage that begins to open, at first supply with compressed air to breather chamber 30b, it flow into breather chamber 33 via breather chamber 32.When breather chamber 33 is supplied with compressed air, by its pressure, damper 26 moves from initial position, become thus 25 sealings of chamber under the cylinder, and the state that is communicated with breather chamber 34 of breather chamber 33.Like this, pressure accumulating chamber 7 is communicated with breather chamber 30b, 32,33,34, thereby supplies with compressed air to air motor 50, and air motor 50 begins rotation thus.By air motor 50 rotations, screw screwdriver bit 23 rotates to tightening direction.

In addition, when head valve 30 is opened fully, supply with compressed air via breather chamber 30b to breather chamber 30c, it is supplied with in chamber 24 on cylinder via flow transfer valve 40, and piston 22 will move down like this.If piston 22 moves down, then screw screwdriver bit 23 moves down integratedly.Thereby, screw screwdriver bit 23 rotates to tightening direction by air motor 50 on one side, on one side squeeze into direction to screw and move down by piston 22, like this a screw S that will in squeezing into a portion 13, supply with utilize screw screwdriver bit 23 to screw squeeze into carry out when material W squeezes into fastening.

In the process that piston 22 moves down, under the cylinder the compressed-air actuated part of chamber 25 via around the screw screwdriver bit 23 be damper 26 inserting hole 26a etc. and to atmosphere opening, rest parts flow in the loopback air chamber 29 via loopback hole 21b～21b and by pressure accumulation, thereby piston 22 is moved down swimmingly.Move down swimmingly by piston 22, utilize screw screwdriver bit 23 to be driven into screw screw S and squeeze among the material W.

When piston as shown in Figure 9 22 arrives with damper 26 butts when moving down end (lower dead center), screw S squeezes into (being screwed into) end.As shown in the figure, by piston 22 arrive move down end and with damper 26 butt flexibly, can absorb its impact.In addition, utilize the action (thrust of piston 22) of piston 22 butts, damper 26 is to the downside displacement.

When damper 26 during to the downside displacement, its main part 26b breaks away from the open lower side portion of cylinder 21, its result, the complete cycle between damper 26 and inclined plane 21c produces gap 26e, thereby becomes the state that chamber under the cylinder 25 is communicated with breather chamber 33 via this gap 26e.Under the state that still keeps the button pulling process of trigger 5, keep to breather chamber 33 and supply with compressed-air actuated state, therefore in loopback air chamber 29, supply with the enough compressed air that piston returns usefulness via chamber 25, loopback hole 21b under this gap 26e, the cylinder from breather chamber 33.

In addition, when the thrust of utilizing piston 22 makes damper 26 to the initial position displacement of downside, the protuberance 26d of its main part 26b is pushed and the connected state between breather chamber 33 and the breather chamber 34 is blocked by the upper surface to first framework 61, therefore compressed air is blocked to the supply of motor air entry 52, thereby the rotation of air motor 50 is automatically stopped.Therefore,, also move down the moment of end and moment that air motor 50 stops (almost carrying out simultaneously) synchronously, squeeze into excessive tightness among the material W to screw so can prevent screw S because piston 22 arrives even remain the state of trigger 5 being detained pulling process.

When user stop the button pulling process of trigger 5, via trigger valve 4 to head valve on chamber 30a supply with compressed air, thereby head valve 30 move down thereafter.When head valve 30 moves down, become its bottom and valve pedestal portion 35 hermetic during the state of butt, become and utilize sealing ring 27a that breather chamber 30c and breather chamber 30b are blocked, and the state that chamber 30d under breather chamber 30b and the head valve is blocked.Therefore, the supply of compressed air chamber 24 on cylinder is blocked.When the supply of compressed air chamber 24 on cylinder was blocked, the compressed air on this cylinder in the chamber 24 will become can be via steam vent 30g～30g, the exhaust chamber 30h of flow transfer valve 40, steam vent 21a～21a, head valve 30 and blast pipe 8 and to the state (not producing the state of the thrust that moves down direction for piston 22) of atmosphere opening.

When such head valve 30 is closed and the supply of compressed air chamber 24 on cylinder is blocked, and chamber 24 can be when the state of atmosphere opening on this cylinder, and piston 22 is by being turned back to top dead centre by the compressed air of pressure accumulation in loopback air chamber 29.

In addition, under the state that head valve 30 has been closed, compressed air is blocked to the supply of breather chamber 33, so damper 26 is maintained at the state (initial position of damper 26) to the downside displacement.

As above shown in the explanation,, possesses the flow transfer valve 40 that is used to change the inspiratory capacity that flows to chamber 24 on the cylinder according to the bolting machine 1 of present embodiment.According to this flow transfer valve 40, can be from the outside carry out rotating operation with about 60 ° and switch to and beat the big flow (steel plate pattern) that steel plate uses and beat two shelves of low discharge (plank pattern) that plank is used switching control stick 43.By switching to the steel plate pattern, the bigger thrust of piston 22 usefulness can be moved and screw S is driven among the ground W2 (steel plate) reliably, thus can be with surperficial material W1 with respect to ground W2 screw thread combination securely.Different with it, by switching to the plank pattern, piston 22 usefulness can be moved and screw S is driven among the ground W2 (plank) with the degree of depth of appropriateness than the more weak thrust of above-mentioned steel plate pattern, under this situation, also screw S can be screwed into pulling out property of high tensile and with surperficial material W1 securely screw thread be combined on the ground W2.

The inspiratory flow that flows to chamber 24 on the cylinder can be switched with two shelves like this, on the other hand, according to the flow transfer valve 40 of present embodiment, even, also can not damage exhaust efficiency inspiratory flow being reduced under the situation of plank pattern.Promptly, dwindled under the situation of inspiratory flow switching to the plank pattern, the compression face 42d of valve body 42 exposes chamber 24 on cylinder in benchmark passage 41a, in the stage of therefore on piston 22, moving on the cylinder compressed air pressure in the chamber 24 act on this compression face 42d, its result, as shown in figure 16, valve body 42 overcome the compression spring 44 and on move.Because when moving on the valve body 42, it can leave valve pedestal portion 41, therefore can produce gap 42e between the two.Generation by this gap 42e, chamber 24 is except with three little passage 42b～42b of valve body 42 are communicated with on the cylinder, also be communicated with three big passage 42a～42a, its result, compressed air on the cylinder in the chamber 24 is discharged to exhaust chamber 30h via the stream of the total area of three little passage 42b～42b and three big passage 42a～42a, therefore can realize high exhaust efficiency.

According to as above illustrative flow transfer valve 40, can realize the handoff functionality and high exhaust efficiency two aspects of the power of squeezing into simultaneously.

In addition, according to illustrative flow transfer valve 40, the valve pedestal portion 41 on the upper end of cylinder 21 of being fixed in has the elasticity of appropriateness, and piston 22 limits its top dead centre with these valve pedestal portion 41 butts.Because this point, formation makes valve pedestal portion 41 have formation as the function of the damper of the top dead centre side of piston 22 concurrently, compare with the other formation that has disposed damper like this, can realize the reduction of part count, can also realize the reduction of cost and the densification of this bolting machine 1 in addition.

Embodiment for the above-described can increase various changes.For example, though illustration three benchmark passage 41a～41a are set in valve pedestal portion 41, the formation of three big passage 42a～42a and three little passage 42b～42b is set on valve body 42, the number of these passages can at random be set.That is, also can be made as in valve pedestal portion one or two datum hole is set, the formation of one or two big passage and one or two little passage is set on valve body; Perhaps be made as the benchmark passage that in valve pedestal portion, is provided with more than four, the big passage more than four and the formation of the little passage more than four are being set on the valve body.

In addition, the number of the number of the big passage of the number of the benchmark passage of valve pedestal portion and valve body or little passage is not necessarily identical.Also can adopt following formation, that is, will switch control stick 43 and change to the switching dial, alternatively switch big flow and low discharge by it being rotated operation.

In addition, though illustration switch the formation of inspiratory flow with steel plate pattern and two shelves of plank pattern, but also the benchmark passage of valve pedestal portion can be set at size two more than the shelves, perhaps the passage of valve body is set at three of sizes more than the shelves, can carries out the switching of more meticulous inspiratory flow thus.

In addition, though illustration use compression spring 44 with valve body 42 to the formation of closing the side application of force, also can replace this compression spring 44, and use extension spring, elastic caoutchouc or compressed air make valve body carry out identical action.

In addition, though illustration make valve pedestal portion 41 have the formation of function of the damper of piston top dead center side concurrently, also can be made as the formation that realizes this damper function with other member.Thereby, also can be made as the flow transfer valve that the present application is related to and be disposed at than cylinder 21 more by the formation in the air-breathing stream of upstream side.

Generally speaking, so long as be made as following formation, promptly, the inspiratory flow that flows to chamber 24 on the cylinder can be switched with two shelves at least, and under the state that switches to the low discharge side, (when moving on the piston) valve body moves and extraction flow is switched to bigger than little inspiratory flow during the exhaust of chamber 24 on cylinder, and carries out exhaust smoothly, then can realize the purpose of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. a bolting machine possesses the flow transfer valve, and this flow transfer valve contains screw to the flow direction and squeezes into the inspiratory flow of chamber on the cylinder of cylinder of piston of usefulness and switch, and this bolting machine is characterised in that,

The pressure of chamber switches on the above-mentioned cylinder that the utilization of above-mentioned flow transfer valve produces by moving on the above-mentioned piston, the inspiratory flow the when extraction flow when moving on the piston via this flow transfer valve generation moves down greater than the piston that produces via this flow transfer valve.

2. bolting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, possess valve pedestal portion of being fixed on the cylinder and the valve body that carries out relative displacement with respect to this valve pedestal portion, utilize this valve body to switch inspiratory flow, and utilize moving of cylinder-bore axis direction to switch extraction flow with respect to the rotation around the cylinder-bore axis direction of above-mentioned valve pedestal portion.

3. bolting machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, side at above-mentioned valve pedestal portion or above-mentioned valve body is provided with the benchmark passage, be provided with mutually different big passage of aperture area and little passage the opposing party, above-mentioned valve body is rotated and the passage that will aim at the said reference passage switches to above-mentioned big passage or little passage around cylinder-bore axis, thus the inspiratory flow of chamber on the above-mentioned cylinder of changing flow direction.

4. bolting machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned valve body utilizes elastic acting force by to the pushing of above-mentioned valve pedestal portion, the pressure at expulsion of utilizing chamber on the above-mentioned cylinder make above-mentioned valve body overcome above-mentioned elastic acting force and with above-mentioned valve pedestal part from, via consequent gap the said reference passage is communicated with above-mentioned big passage and above-mentioned little passage both sides, thereby carries out the exhaust of chamber on the above-mentioned cylinder.

5. bolting machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that above-mentioned valve body possesses the control stick that handover operation is used, and utilizes the active force of above-mentioned compression spring to carry out the position maintenance of above-mentioned control stick.

6. bolting machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that, as raw material above-mentioned valve pedestal portion is set with elastomer, and the buffer body of this valve pedestal portion when moving on the piston played a role.

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