CN1012462B - 吸烟制品 - Google Patents
吸烟制品Info
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
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Abstract
具有低效率过滤器,低真装密度的切割填充料杆以及高净渗透度、低固有渗透度包装纸的香烟,可产生出优良的品味,输出低气态主流烟及少量的可见侧流烟。香烟一般具有比较大量的经膨胀充当切割填充料之熏制烟草材料,含氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁的外包装纸,同时具有较高水平的空气稀释度。
Description
本发明涉及诸如香烟之类的吸烟制品,特别涉及产生少量可见侧流烟的香烟。
通常象香烟那样的吸烟制品具有一个大致成圆柱形杆状的结构,含烟草屑之类可发烟材料(如:切割填充料),用纸包装围绕形成这里称为的“烟草杆”。某些商业上可买到的香烟具有的切割填充料,它含大量或全部的熏制烟草材料。为了达到某些发烟特性,常常需要使用含低氮量的切割填充料材料。制造带圆柱形过滤元件近来也成为必要,这种过滤元件与烟草杆头尾对直排列。过滤元件一般由纤维材料诸如醋酸纤维素和芯杆包装纸之类制成,它们用一种外卷的端部包装材料附着在烟草杆上。
吸烟者燃烧香烟的一端来使用它。随后吸烟者通过香烟另一端(如:过滤端)的抽吸,就吸到进入他/她嘴中的主流烟。香烟未抽吸期间,香烟保持燃烧,同时产生侧流烟。在吸烟制品稳定燃烧阶段,侧流烟直接进入大气中。侧流烟扩散到大气中,其特有的可见性使它有可能被某些人无意中察觉。
所谓的“全香味”香烟是流行的吸烟制品,它输出一种理想的烟草味、香味,令吸烟者感到满意。“全香味”香烟每支一般输出约14毫克或更多的FTC“焦油”。香烟也可分类成“全香味低焦油”香烟。“全香味低焦油”香烟每支一般输出大约8至14毫克FTC“焦油”,同时输出比“全香味”香烟更低水平的FTC尼古丁。还有另一种流行的香烟类型是“超低焦油”香烟,它输出更低度的FTC“焦油”和尼古丁。“超低焦油”香烟每支一般输出约少于7毫克的
FTC“焦油”。“全香味低焦油”和“超低焦油”香烟通常具有诸如提供在香烟嘴端区域周围激光孔眼那样的空气稀释装置,或是具有用来高较地除去主流烟雾中的“焦油”及尼古丁的过滤元件。一般来说,具有较低“焦油”和尼古丁的一类香烟感觉到的味道或强度渐渐小于接近“全香味”特性一类香烟的味道或强度。
近来,香烟消费者有要求增加选择各种不同“全香味低焦油”以及“超低焦油”香烟的倾向。这样的香烟具有的香型比“全香味”香烟或过去市场上出售的香烟香烟要柔和一些。然而,目前流行的较低“焦油”香烟已为消费者接受,这是因为这样的香烟提供保持很高的满意的味道和烟。另外,一些消费者表示要降低由他们的香烟产生可见侧流烟水平的愿望。
路克的美国专利第4,637,410号(U.S.Patent No.4,637,410 to Suke)建议具有一种10毫米到19毫米圆周的香烟。在文中第二栏五至七行中揭示了所提出的香烟表现出来较低的烟成份主流及侧流的输出。
布克等人的美国专利4,624,268号(U.S.Patent No.4,624,268 to Baker et al)建议一种具有固有的3至45CORESTA空气渗透度外包装纸的香烟。例如,该外包装纸被揭示是一种具有淀粉,氧化铝,氧化镁,氧化钙,甲酸钠和醋酸钠之类的涂层。参见文中第三栏二十三至三十七行。然而,人们期望这种香烟能产生具有相对高的气态成分的主流烟。
一些参考资料中提出某些气体可从香烟的主流烟中去除。例如,阿维得肯在美国专利第3,368,566号中(Avedikian in U.S.Patent No.3,368,566)提出一种具有许多短的过滤器的香烟,这些过滤器每个都含有一些物质,它们用来去除主流香烟中的各种不同物质。布路克斯在美国专利第4,481,960号中(Brooks in U.S.Pa-
tent No.4,481,960)提出另外一种比阿维得肯过滤器设计更简单的香烟。虽然布路克斯提出的一种香烟具有(ⅰ)带一种有很大范围空气渗透度可能性的纸包装,(ⅱ)空气稀释以使产生的一氧化碳主流相对低了,但资料中未声明香烟产生低度的可见侧流烟。
克兰等人的美国专利第4,231,377中(U.S.Patent No.4,231,377 to Cline et al.),克兰的美国专利第4,420,002,以及欧文斯(Owens)的美国专利第4,450,847中提出含氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁材料的香烟纸的外包装可以用来制造在稳定燃烧阶段产生少量可见侧流烟的香烟。然而,象这种低渗透度纸的外包装有产生异味主流烟或不希望的侧流烟味的倾向。
香烟制造商盼望提供一种味道良好的香烟,以满足一些吸烟者或吸烟群体的愿望和要求。更具体地说,要提供一种品味好的香烟,它输出特性柔和的低“焦油”香烟味道,提供良好的香烟享受,提供低的主流气态的传输,以及产生低度的可见侧流烟。
本发明涉及一种输出良好烟味并令人满意的吸烟制品。这种香烟同时能够输出相对低度的混有较低水平一氧化碳及其它气态成份的“焦油”。此外,这种香烟产生相对低度的可见侧流烟。
本发明的香烟包括一装有填充料的杆,填充料被包容在包装材料内。填充料的主要成份最好是某种熏制烟草,同时填充材料在杆内具有一种低的装填密度。包装材料具有高的渗透性以及相对低的燃烧速率。更具体地说,包装材料具有一种相对低的固有渗透度以及一种相对高的净渗透度。包装材料最好至少含一种无机的氧化物和/或无机氢氧化物。香烟也含有在其一端上的低效率的过滤器,并且最好有一种提供空气稀释的装置。换言之,香烟具有一个用来对香烟空气稀释的接口装置。
包装材料穿出足够的孔眼,以提供能输出味道良好的主流烟雾的
香烟。然而,穿孔的程度不能过大,以致空气的稀释使输出的味道降低到令人不快的低水平。低燃烧性包装材料所制出的香烟一般比用普通香烟纸包装的,具有类似直径、外形、发烟填充料及相似FTC“焦油”传输的香烟,其燃烧速度,在FTC条件下,可多出1至2次的抽吸。普通香烟纸包装的实例是用亚麻纤维和碳酸钙填充料加工而成,具有的外包装纸的渗透度在20厘米/分和120厘米/分之间,同时基本重量为20至30克/平方米。可以参看多阿枪(Durocher)的Rec.Adv.Tob.Sci.杂志第10卷52页至71页(1984年),森姆弗尔得(Samfield)的Tob.Jour.Int′l.杂志82年第5期390至394页(1982年)。
图1是本发明一实施例纵向剖视图;
图2图示可用于本发明发烟杆制品的一种包装材料。
图1表示了本发明吸烟制品的一个实施例,它有形成的一支香烟10。该香烟含有一大致成圆柱形杆15的填充料20,填充料被包容在包装材料25内。杆15通常称为“发烟杆”或“烟草杆”。烟草杆的端部开放露出填充料。
香烟10同时含有一过滤元件30或其它适宜的接口,它配置在邻近烟草杆15的一端,以使过滤元件和烟草杆成同轴的头尾对接关系,最好是彼此紧贴。过滤元件30具有一个大致成圆柱形的形状,直径基本上与烟草杆直径相等。过滤元件的端部开放,以使空气通道和烟气通过。过滤元件30具有过滤材料35,它由外卷的芯杆包装材料40沿纵向延伸的表面包裹。
过滤元件30用端部材料45贴附在烟草杆15上,所述端部材料45包封了整个过滤元件的长度以及烟草杆相邻区域。端部材料45的内表面用一种合适的粘剂紧贴着芯杆包装纸40以及烟草杆外包装材料25的外表面。象一系列的孔眼50这样的空气稀释装置提供了一种通气的或有
空气稀释的吸烟制品,每个孔眼穿通端部材料和芯杆包装纸。
参照图1和图2,包装材料25具有一个宽W的宽度(见图2),它等于香烟的周长加上香烟制造中最终产生的胶线重叠区。外包装材料25具有一系列沿纵向长度线性延伸的孔眼60。换句话说,也可提供任意型状的其它孔眼图样。每个孔眼60的大小、数量以及相对位置可根据所要求具有外包装材料香烟的特性而有所变化。每个孔眼已在图1和图2中放大表示了。
烟草杆一般有大约50毫米到85毫米的长度,周长约为16毫米到28毫米。用已知的香烟制造技术和设备,烟草杆以及最终的香烟可加工成任何已知的外形。
过滤元件一般具有大约20毫米至35毫米的长度,周长约为16毫米至28毫米。过滤材料可以是任何诸如醋酸纤维素,聚丙烯,烟草材料及之类的适宜材料。芯轴包装纸一般为一种普通的纸质芯轴包装纸,它可以是空气可渗透的或是空气不可渗透的。当然如果需要的话,未包装的醋酸纤维素过滤元件也可以用。用现有的香烟过滤器制造技术和设备可制造出适用于本发明的各种不同的过滤元件。
在保持所需香烟抽吸特性时,过滤元件最好提供最少的主流烟排除效率。这种最少量的烟排除效率被称之为所谓的“低效率”过滤器。低效率过滤器具有少量地去除主流烟微粒的能力。一般来说,低效率过滤器提供约去除40%或更少主流烟微粒的效率。低效率过滤器在这里的使用,以使相对低“焦油”的产生主要由相对高水平的过滤器通气或空气稀释的结果来获得。这样的香烟外形提供一种减少产生主流气体成份的装置。一种可作低效率过滤元件的合适材料为一种醋酸纤维素丝束产品,该产品约有每丝8旦以及40,000的总旦(denier)。
换言之,香烟可具有一接口,该接口装有使主流烟雾空气稀释的装置。接口可以是一个简单的纸或塑料(如,聚丙烯或诸如此类的)
空心管,它通过附设的小孔、槽、或诸如此类提供空气稀释。这种接口可对主流烟雾提供高水平的空气稀释,而用不着用诸如醋酸纤维素之类过滤材料对烟进行过滤。
制造烟草杆所采用的填充料可以有所变化,为的是给予一种相对低填装密度的烟草杆。在一般情况下,现有大多在可发烟杆中的填充料材料为某些形式的熏制烟草材料。熏制烟草材料可渗和其它烟草材料,象东方烟草(Orienlal tobacoos),以及烟草替代材料等。例如,经爆裂的谷物如经爆裂的含粗蛋白的牲畜饲料,黑麦,大麦以及此类的东西同样可用作填充料。通常,一些量的巴利(Burley)或马利兰(Maryland)烟草或所谓稀有的或特殊的烟草也可用作渗和的成份。烟草材料可以以经加工过的形式使用(如,体积扩大的熏制烟填充料)。例如,利用弗尔特克森(Fredrickson)的美国专利第3,524,451号或是怀特等人(White et al.)的美国专利第4,531,529号中所述的技术,烟草材料可被膨胀体积。如果需要的话,最佳的熏制烟草材料可渗入经加工的烟草茎、再制烟草材料(如,这些再制烟草材料最好主要由熏制烟草或/或东方烟草制成),或是烟草代用材料。如需要,推荐的烟草材料可混入多种不同量的碳化和/或经热解的材料。
正如常用的香烟加工那样,发烟材料一般以切割填充料的形式使用。例如,发烟填充料可以切成宽度约在1/25英寸至1/60英寸,最好约在1/30英寸至1/40英寸范围的碎片或纤维形式加以使用。这样的细片长度一般约在0.25至3英寸的范围内。
最理想的填充料材料由含约大于70%重量的烟熏烟草材料组成,含约大于75%重量的熏制烟草材料更好,含约大于80%重量的熏制烟草材料最好。有时在实例中,当熏制烟草切割填充材料体积膨胀很大时,混合物中填充料的绝大部分体积被体积膨胀的熏制烟草材料占有
(例如,约大于80%,常常大于90%的填充料容积被熏制烟草材料占有)。
一种推荐的填充料的实例约含有占重量10%至20%的东方烟草材料,同时约有占重量80%至90%的熏制烟草材料。
推荐的填充料含有相当大比率的体积膨大的熏制烟材料。这种体积膨胀的烟草的烟草材料有助于提供一种具有低填装密度的烟草杆。列举的适当混合物为约占重量17%的东方烟草和约占重量83%的体积胀大熏制烟草混合物。
这里所用的“填装密度”意思是在烟杆内单位体积所占填充料的重量。本发明的制品,填装密度一般约在100毫克/立方厘米至250毫克/立方厘米的范围,更普通的情况是约在100毫克/立方厘米至200毫克/立方厘米,在某些情形中约在130毫克/立方厘米至180毫克/立方厘米。
香料可渗入香烟中。例如,果糖酸、尼古丁果糖或果糖酸/尼古丁混合物一般可以约占重量1%至10%(基于切割填充料重量)范围内添加到切割填充料中。
一般来说,包容过滤元件和相邻烟草杆区域的端部材料沿烟草杆长度方向约伸出3至6毫米。端部材料通常是普通的纸质端部材料。端部材料可具有多种变化的气孔率。例如,端部材料可以是特殊的空气不渗透的、空气可渗透,或被进行处理(如,通过机械或激光穿孔技术)以便具有一个孔眼、开口或孔口的区域,从而提供一种对香烟空气稀释的装置。孔眼总的表面区域以及沿吸烟制品圆周孔眼的配置可以有各种不同变化,以便控制吸烟制品的性能特征。
理想的情况是,空气稀释装置,在过滤器离吸烟制品最末端接口的最大距离上沿香烟长度方向上配置。最大距离的确定由诸如与所采用端型部材料类型有关的加工的限制以及香烟制造装置和工艺等因素
决定。例如,具有27毫米长的过滤元件,离过滤元件最末端接口的最大距离可约在23毫米至26毫米的范围内。空气稀释孔口离吸烟制品最末端最大距离的配置可对产生出的“焦油”提供一个最大的通气水平,同时对一个给定的过滤元件及烟草杆组合提供最大量的香烟压力降落。
这里所用的“空气稀释度”一字是吸入空气稀释装置的空气容量与经吸烟制品吸入并存在于吸烟制品最末端接口部分的空气和烟雾总容量的比率(一般用百分比表示)。对本发明的具备空气稀释或流通的吸烟制品来说,空气稀释度可以是多样的。一支香烟的空气稀释度基本上约大于30%,约大于40%较好,约大于50%就更好了。
一般来说,对于周长比较小(即,约为21毫米或更小)的香烟,空气稀释度稍小于周长大的香烟。一支香烟空气稀释度的上极限一般约小于85%,更常见的是约小于75%。
这里采用的“压力降落”一字在吸烟制品中意思是,当以流经吸烟制品一给定流速测量时,吸烟制品最末端接口处大气压力差。本发明香烟以17.5毫升/秒空气流速情况下一般的压力降落量约大于40毫米,更常见为约大于50毫米的水压力降落。
大多理想的用于烟草杆的包装材料具有较低的固有渗透度和比较高的净渗透度。“固有渗透度”一词指包装材料自身的气流孔隙度。具有低固有渗透度的包装材料一般具有约小于45CORESTA单位的孔隙度,约小于30CORESTA单位较好,约小于15CORESTA单位或更小些就更好了。“净渗透度”一词指用于加工制造烟草杆的包装材料的气流孔隙度。利用微激光,机械或静电穿孔技术对包装材料提供空气渗透性。在用微激光和静电穿孔操作过程中,最需要的是小心地获得保持所需颜色以及不透明的纸张。例如,应尽量减少或避免难看的“变褐”或烤焦纸张的出现。
最佳的外包装材料是纸张外包装材料,它约含占重量10%至45%的氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁,以及亚麻,纤维素纸浆,诸如柠檬酸或碳化钾之类燃烧活性剂,及其它填充料之类的材料。通常,良好的纸外包装材料约含大于重量15%的氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁。合适的材料在克兰(Cline)等人美国专利第4,231,377号;克兰的美国专利第4,420,002号以及欧文斯(Owens)的美国专利第4,450,847号进行了描述。
外包装材料加工成具有比较高的净渗透度。例如,具有低固有渗透度的外包装材料用普通的静电穿孔技术(如,提供与普通静电孔眼相差不大的各个孔眼)可进行穿孔,以获得一种具有约为50至250CORESTA单位孔隙的外包装材料,具有约为80至140CORESTA单位孔隙度较好,具有约为90至120CORESTA单位孔隙度更好些。
对香烟纸外包装纸提供高的净渗透度的每个孔眼尺寸大小基本上是大于外包装纸自然出现的孔(即,提供给纸张以固有渗透度)。为了美观起见,每个孔眼最好足够小而不难看。例如,孔眼要察觉不出,而在大多场合中勉强地可被肉眼看出。
本发明香烟传输的FTC“焦油”每支香烟大致约在2至10毫克范围内;同时一氧化碳的范围比一支“焦油”水平相似的香烟来得低。香烟产生相对低水平的诸如一氧化碳和氧化氮之类的主流气态成份。例如,一般FTC“焦油”对FTC一氧化碳的比率约小于1,通常约小于0.8,在某些场合中小于0.6。
本发明的香烟因为由膨胀烟草,谷物和/或碳化材料提供的相对低的总可耗尽烟草量,所以一般输出更少量的烟。本发明对香烟提及的“少烟”一词是指在FTC吸烟条件下重量的损耗比普通相近“焦油”传输以及外形的香烟要低一些。重量的损耗是通过收集吸烟后香
烟的烟灰和残片来测定的,同时对吸烟前香烟的总重量作比较。吸烟过程中每支香烟损耗的总量与由香烟冒出的总烟量有直接关系。本发明的香烟表现出的重量损耗一般约小于15%,有时比相近FTC“焦油”传输以及外形的普通香烟约少于25%。
本发明的香烟产生比相应外形普通香烟更少量的可见侧流烟,这可以通过布克在美国专利第4,624,268号第三栏三十八至四十九行所述的方法进行测定得到。本发明的香烟可见侧流烟的降低可使本发明冒出的侧流烟通常只有相近FTC“焦油”传输及外形的普通香烟的50%。涉及每支香烟的“外形”一词是指周长,烟草杆长度和过滤元件的长度。此外,在感受度一词中,本发明香烟的测流烟具有比相近FTC“焦油”传输和外形的普通香烟更少刺激的特性,这可通过用G.A罗安(G.A.Ryan)在第40期烟草化学家研究会议(1986年10月)(40th Tobacco Chemists′ Research Conference)中描述的方法学试验进行测定来得到。
下列的例子是为了进一步说明本发明,而不是限制本发明的范围。除特别指明,所有成份和百分率是以重量计算的。
实例1
长约99毫米以及周长约为24.85毫米的香烟具有长为68毫米的烟香杆和长为31毫米的过滤元件。烟香杆含有用作烟草的切割填充料,填充料包容在香烟纸外包装纸内。提供烟草杆所采用的填充料是以每英寸约切成32断股的形式。最初的填充料具有约含83%熏制烟草的渗合物,该熏制烟草的体积已被胀成约两倍于最初的体积,同时具有17%的东方烟草。该渗合物具有水份以及被供来外壳上的甘油。
纸张包装纸由阿克斯塔公司(Ecusta Corp.)生产的阿克斯塔实验的第TOD 03363号纸可从市场上买到。纸张包装纸是一种重量
重的,低可见侧流的纸张,同时约含40%的氧化镁。该种纸具有15CORESTA单位的固有渗透度,基本重量为45克/平方米。为了产生110CORESTA单位的净渗透度,纸被静电地打眼。孔眼类型大致如图2所示。每个孔眼具有与普通香烟包装纸上一般静电孔眼相应的尺寸大小,同时孔眼成纵向方向直线上约为1至10个孔眼/毫米的配置,而孔眼行则成间隔约为1至3毫米的排列。
低效率过滤液元件从醋酸纤维素纤维束(每丝8旦,总计4,000旦)中用普通香烟过滤器的制作技术进行加工制造,外包空气可渗透的纸质芯轴包装纸的孔隙度为26,000厘米/分。
烟草杆和过滤元件具有相近的周长,它们以头尾对接的直线排列,并用孔隙度为3000毫升/分的端部纸固定在一起。端纸被粘固在过滤元件及烟草杆相邻的部分。端部材料包封了过滤元件的全长,同时包封烟草杆约为3毫米的长度。所述的香烟利用亨尼-韦克·科伯和公司KG(from Hauni-Werke Korber & Co.KG)的一种亨尼·伯路特斯香烟制造器(a Hauni Protos Cigarette Maker)进行制造加工。一圈用机械方式提供的孔眼(从而提供渗透度)环绕着香烟圆周从最末端接口起延伸了大约26毫米。这样的孔眼使香烟产生约53%的空气稀释度。
香烟重0.8904克,同时在杆中的填充料具有155毫克/立方厘米的填装密度。香烟地FTC条件下进行抽吸。香烟产生的FTC“焦油”为7.3毫克,尼古丁为0.72毫克,一氧化碳为6.4毫克,氧化氮为37微克,和9.8的抽吸计数。
香烟被发烟,传输出充足的烟草香味同时有一可接受的抽力阻力。主流烟雾不刺目,且香烟产生令人满意的良好烟雾。香烟只产生低量的可见侧流烟。
实例2
用实例1l描述的步骤和材料制备香烟,不过端纸的孔隙度为7,000毫升/分,因此提供香烟的空气稀释度为74%。
在FTC条件下一支香烟重量为0.8848克,产生的FTC“焦油”为4.3毫克,尼古丁为0.48毫克,一氧化碳3.3毫克,氧化氮21微克,抽吸计数10.6。
香烟被发烟,传输出充足的烟草香味,同时有一可接受的抽力阻力。主流烟雾不刺目,且香烟产生令人满意的良好烟雾。香烟只产生一些低量的可见侧流烟。
实例3
香烟用下列步骤进行制备。
长约84毫米,周长约为24.85毫米的香烟具有57毫米长的烟草杆以及27毫米长的过滤元件。烟草杆含实例1描述过的用作烟草的切割填充料,它如实例1中所述被包卷在香烟纸张包装纸内。填充料含2.1%的尼古丁成份。低效率过滤元件从醋酸纤维素束(每丝8旦,总计40,000旦)中,用普通香烟过滤器制造技术进行加工制造,并且用CORESTA孔隙度为26,000厘米/分的空气可渗透的纸张芯轴包装纸加以包封。烟草杆和过滤元件以头尾对接成直线排列,并且用无气孔的端纸固定在一起。端纸粘固过滤元件部分以及相邻的烟草杆部分。端纸材料包卷了过滤元件的全长和烟草杆3毫米的长度。所述的香烟利用亨尼-韦克-科伯公司KG的一种亨尼-伯路特斯香烟制造器进行制造加工。用一种亨尼实验激光器(a Hauni Lab Laser)进行激光穿孔从而提供一圈激光渗透孔。孔眼环绕香烟的圆周从最末端接口起延伸了大约22毫米。这样的孔眼使香烟产生约为73%的空气稀释度。
香烟重为0.7180克,杆内填充料的填装密度为152毫克/立方厘米。在FTC条件下香烟抽吸产生的FTC“焦油”为4.1毫克,尼古丁0.44毫克,一氧化碳2.8毫克,氧化氮15微克,抽吸次数为8.1。
香烟被发烟,传输出充足的烟草香味同时有一种可接受的抽力阻力。主流烟不刺目,而且香烟产生令人满意的良好烟雾。香烟只产生低量的可见侧流烟。
利用上面提到的罗安(Ryan)所述的灵敏度试验法对香烟进行鉴定,它比相应FTC“焦油”传输及外形的普通香烟产生更少感觉到的侧流刺激。
用布克等人在美国专利第4,624,268号中所述的技术对香烟的侧流尼古丁以及湿总净微粒物质(WTPM)进行测定。香烟产生1.97毫克的侧流尼古丁和7.60毫克的侧流湿总净微粒物质。利用一种TS I5000型的自动的适于呼吸的烟雾物质监测器以及哈瓦纳等人(Heavner et al)在39期烟草化学家研究会议(1985年)(39th Tobacco Chemists′Research Conference)中所述的技术,对香烟的适于呼吸的悬浮粒物质(RSP)进行测定。香烟产生93.1微克/立方米的适于呼吸的悬浮粒物质。
指定用来比较香烟的参照香烟1R4F可从肯塔基州来辛顿的烟草及健康研究学院(from Tobacco and Health Research Institute,Lexington,Kentucky)获得。香烟重1.019克,长83毫米,周长25毫米,发烟杆长56毫米,过滤元件长27毫米。通过机械的空孔装置使香烟具有28%的空气稀释度。香烟具有的一种渗合物,它约含35%的烟熏烟草,约22%的巴利烟草,约12%的东方烟草,约1%的马里兰烟草,约30%的经处理的烟草片以及约8%的外壳材料。渗合物中尼古丁的含量为2.1%。杆中烟草的填装密度为268毫克/立方厘米。
在FTC条件下,用来比较的香烟被抽吸,它产生9.2毫克的FTC“焦油”,11.6毫克的CO,0.8毫克的尼古丁,340微克的氧化氮,抽吸次数9.2。用上面所述的方法对香烟侧流的尼古丁,WTPM以及RSP进行测定。香烟产生的侧流尼古丁为5.32毫克,WTPM为25.3毫克,408微克/立方米的RSP。
实例4
长约84毫米,周长约为20毫米的香烟具有长59毫米的烟草杆以及长25毫米的过滤元件。烟草杆内装烟草切割填充料,以及一种由阿克斯塔公司出售的如阿克斯塔实验第TND01788号那样的包卷香烟的外包装纸张(Ecusta Experimental No.TOD 01788 by Ecusta Corp.)。外包装纸是一种重量重的片状,低可见侧流的纸张,且约含12%的氧化镁。该种纸具有15CORESTA单位的固有渗透度,它的基本重量为45克/平方米。为了产生110CORESTA单位的净渗透度,这种纸用大致同实施1所述的那样进行静电穿孔。
提供给烟草杆的填充料以每英寸切断32段成烟草纤维或细屑的形状。填充料包含约87%熏制烟草的一种渗和物,熏制烟草的体积已膨胀到最初体积的两倍,填充料还有约13%的东方烟草。该渗和物具有水份以及表面上的甘油。渗和物尼古丁的含量约为2.3%。
低效率过滤元件由醋酸纤维素束(每丝8旦,总计35,000旦)制备,并包以空气不渗透的芯轴外包装纸。整个的杆和过滤元件用无气孔端纸固定在一起。端纸粘固过滤元件以及相邻的烟草杆部分。这样的香烟是用一种亨尼-伯路特斯香烟制造器制造加工的。用一种亨尼实验激光器(Hauni Lab Laser)制备一圈具有渗透度的激光孔眼。孔眼环绕香烟圆周从最末端接口起延伸了大约23毫米。提供这样
的孔眼使香烟具有约63%的空气稀释度。
香烟重0.540克,同时杆内填充料具有的填装密度为0.163克/立方厘米。香烟以52毫克/分或8.1毫克/分的稳定燃烧速度燃烧。香烟在FTC抽吸条件下抽吸,产生4.0毫克的FTC“焦油”,3.7毫克的一氧化碳,0.34毫克的尼古丁,17.3微克的氧化氮,抽吸次数为5.9。
香烟被发烟同时输出充足的烟草香味以及一种可接受的抽力阻力。主流烟雾不刺目,且产生令人满意的良好烟雾。香烟只产生一些低量的可见侧流烟。
实例5
长约84毫米,周长约24.8毫米的香烟具有60毫米长的烟草杆和25毫米长的过滤元件。烟草杆内装切割填充料,一种由阿克斯塔公司出售的如阿克斯塔实验第TOD01788号那样的包卷香烟的外包装纸。外包装纸是一种重量重的片状、低可见侧流纸张,同时约含12%的氧化镁。该种纸具有15 CORESTA的固有渗透度,其基本重量为45克/立方米。为了产生110 CORESTA单位的净渗透度,这种纸用大致同实例1所述的那样进行静电穿孔。
提供烟草杆所用的填充料以每英寸切断32段成烟草纤维或细屑的形状。填充料材料含有约87%熏制烟草的一种渗合物,熏制烟草的体积已胀成其最初体积的两倍,填充料材料还有约13%的东方烟草。该渗和物具有水份以及表面上的甘油。渗和物尼古丁的含量约为2.1%。
低效率过滤元件从醋酸纤维素束(每丝8旦,总计40,000旦)中进行制备,同时包以空气不渗透的芯轴外包装纸。用无气孔的端纸将杆的全部和过滤元件固定在一起。端纸粘固过滤元件以及相邻的烟草杆部分。这样的香烟可用一种亨尼-伯路特斯香烟制造器进行制造加
工。用一种亨尼实验激光器制备一圈具有渗透度的孔眼。孔眼环绕香烟周围从最末端接口起伸延了大约23毫米。提供这样的孔眼使香烟具有大约71%的空气稀释度。
香烟重0.740克,杆内的填充料材料具有0.123克/立方厘米的填装密度。香烟以60毫克/分或6.5毫米/分的稳定燃烧速度燃烧。在FTC抽吸条件下香烟被发烟,产生5.2毫克的FTC“焦油”,2.9毫克的一氧化碳,0.53毫克的尼古丁,14.3微克的氧化氮,抽吸次数为6.6。
香烟被抽吸着,输出充足的烟草香味以及一种可接受的抽力阻力。主流烟雾不刺目,且香烟产生令人满意的良好烟雾。香烟只产生一些低量的可见侧流烟。
Claims (11)
1、一种香烟,它具有:
(a)一种用包装材料包卷的发烟材料的杆,其中
(i)发烟材料的大部分重量为熏制烟草(flue-cured tobacco)材料;
(ii)包装材料是一种含无机氧化物和/或无机氢氧化物的包装纸,它具有约小于30CORESTA单位的固有渗透度以及约80
CORESTA单位的净渗透度;
(iii)杆内发烟材料的填装密度约在100毫克/立方厘米和250毫克/立方厘米之间;
(b)充当过滤元件的接口同轴直线地置于杆的一端,它能提供
(c)为香烟提供约大于30%空气稀释度的装置,空气稀释度装置为一系列开在过滤元件外的孔眼。
2、如权利要求1所述的香烟,其特征在于包装材料是一种含氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁的包装纸。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的香烟,其特征在于FTC一氧化碳与FTC“焦油”的比率小于1。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的香烟,其特征在于熏制烟草材料为经体积胀大的熏制烟草切割填充料。
5、如权利要求1或2所述的香烟,其特征在于发烟材料同时含一种东方烟草的渗和物。
6、如权利要求2所述的香烟,其特征在于包装纸具有的基本重量约为20克/平方米,至50克/平方米;所含的氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁约占重量的10%至45%。
7、如权利要求1或2所述的香烟,其特征在于它具有约100毫克/立方厘米至200毫克/立方厘米的填装密度。
8、一种香烟,它具有:
(a)一种用包装材料包卷的发烟材料的杆,其中
(ⅰ)发烟材料的大部分重量为熏制烟草材料;
(ⅱ)包装材料是一种含氧化镁和/或氢氧化镁的包装纸,它具有小于45CORESTA单位的固有渗透度以及约在50CORESTA单位和250CORESTA单位之间的净渗透度;
(ⅲ)发烟材料的填装密度约在100毫克/立方厘米至250毫克/立方厘米之间。
(b)充当过滤元件的接口同轴直线地置于杆的一端,它能提供40%或更小的主流烟草烟的微粒排除效率;
(c)为香烟提供约大于30%空气稀释度的装置,空气稀释度装置为一系列开在过滤元件外的孔眼。
9、如权利要求8所述的香烟,其特征在于它具有提供约大于50%空气稀释度的装置,发烟材料大部分的容量为经胀大的熏制烟草材料。
10、如权利要求8所述的香烟,其特征在于发烟材料的填装密度约在100毫克/立方厘米和200毫克/立方厘米之间。
11、如权利要求8所述的香烟,其特征在于至少约占重量70%的发烟材料为熏制烟草材料。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/051,104 US4924888A (en) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-05-15 | Smoking article |
US051104 | 1993-04-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN88102817A CN88102817A (zh) | 1988-11-30 |
CN1012462B true CN1012462B (zh) | 1991-05-01 |
Family
ID=21969368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN88102817A Expired CN1012462B (zh) | 1987-05-15 | 1988-05-11 | 吸烟制品 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4924888A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0290911A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS63287473A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR880013486A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1012462B (zh) |
SU (1) | SU1667622A3 (zh) |
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-
1987
- 1987-05-15 US US07/051,104 patent/US4924888A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-05-02 EP EP88107022A patent/EP0290911A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-05-11 JP JP63112680A patent/JPS63287473A/ja active Pending
- 1988-05-11 CN CN88102817A patent/CN1012462B/zh not_active Expired
- 1988-05-13 SU SU884355756A patent/SU1667622A3/ru active
- 1988-05-14 KR KR1019880005701A patent/KR880013486A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP0290911A2 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
JPS63287473A (ja) | 1988-11-24 |
SU1667622A3 (ru) | 1991-07-30 |
US4924888A (en) | 1990-05-15 |
EP0290911A3 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
CN88102817A (zh) | 1988-11-30 |
KR880013486A (ko) | 1988-12-21 |
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