CN101243780B - Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster - Google Patents
Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster Download PDFInfo
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- CN101243780B CN101243780B CN2008100260982A CN200810026098A CN101243780B CN 101243780 B CN101243780 B CN 101243780B CN 2008100260982 A CN2008100260982 A CN 2008100260982A CN 200810026098 A CN200810026098 A CN 200810026098A CN 101243780 B CN101243780 B CN 101243780B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lift long line windproof culturing method of pearl shell. A series of upright main lines are fixed by floats and weights in the culturing area and slip rings are arranged on the main lines. The slip rings are connected with each other by long lines and a pull rope is arranged on the slip ring. The whole pull rope and the pearl shells cultured on the pull rope can be risen or dropped under the action of pulling the pull rope upwards or the gravity actions of slip rings, pull rope and the pearl shells cultured on the pull rope. The windproof function can be achieved when the long lines drop down to the underlayer of the water body and the culturing management operations can be carried out when the long lines rise up to the surface layer of the water body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, particularly a kind of Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster.
Background technology
The sea water pearls aquaculture is an important industry of China's aquaculture field, China sea water pearls major production areas is the Lezhou Peninsula of Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, the Hepu of Guangxi province Beihai and the Sanya in Hainan Province, wherein the Zhanjiang City is most important sea water pearls producing region, and its output accounts for about 70% of national gross yield.At present, it is the offshore sea area of 10 meters of the depth of waters that the sea water pearls of China is cultured the sea area overwhelming majority, and existing pearl shell artificial cultivating method has three kinds of staking out breeding methods, raft culture method, float long line culture method.The staking out breeding method be in the offshore 10m depth of water with interior sea area water-bed plantation timber or concrete stake, the top of stake, stake with between tractive, fixing lifting rope, the cage tool that pearl shell is housed is hung breeding way on lifting rope; This method is the main method of China cultured pearl shellfish, its shortcoming has: the depth of water in (1) breed sea area is more shallow, cultured area is less, large-scale pearl shell and some other be fit to hang foster shellfish and culture together in so little zone, therefore cultivation density is very big, now cause the serious aging of culturing the sea area, caused the pearl shell poor growth; (2) position of lifting rope is fixing, and the seawater water surface moves back with rising of tidewater and lifting, gives to culture operation and bring very big inconvenience; (3) because the shellfish of culturing keeps hanging on the top layer water layer, be subjected to the influence of stormy waves bigger.The raft culture method is to make the buoyant raft of bubbling through the water column with bamboo (or wood) and floating drum, the shellfish cage is hung on the cultural method on the beam of buoyant raft; This cultural method has had certain progress than the staking out breeding method: can carry out deep water culture and easy to operate, but the wind wave resistance performance is the poorest.Float long line culture method is that a series of floats are set on the water surface, connects with rope (promptly prolonging rope) between the float, prolongs the rope two ends and schedules the seabed with anchoring, and the shellfish cage is hung on prolonging on the rope between the water surface float; Though this breeding way also has certain advantage, do not solve the breeding facility and the wind wave resistance problem of supporting pearl shell of hanging yet, and have some other weak point.
The littoral sea area in the Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces of China breeding seawater pearl and Hainan often suffers the attack of typhoon, and each typhoon all causes in various degree loss for pearl aquaculture.Typhoon mainly contains two aspects to the influence of sea water pearls aquaculture: the direct influence of (1) high wind billow: strong wind makes seawater surface form bigger wave, and wind billow more is also big more; Billow impacts breeding facility, tears the shellfish cage, the lifting rope fracture that causes the damage of forming facility or hang the shellfish cage, and this is modal influence; (2) influence of high tide level: culture now and go up the floating mat, the float that use and prolong the anchoring of rope facility and insecure, landed the high tide level that " butterfly " and " Sepat " in the Lezhou Peninsula caused in 2007, under the effect of high wind wave, buoyant raft and float long line culture facility are all poured into the bank, all breeding facilities have almost been destroyed, Zhanjiang City's pearl aquaculture has been caused nearly destructive strike, taken the time in 3 years at least and could recover production scale in the past.In a word, typhoon is a huge potential threat of China's sea water pearls aquaculture industry.
At present, China has carried out more research to the wind wave resistance facility and the technology that are used for marine fish culture, and for example: application number is 02135850.8 " sleeve of floating type net cage and production method thereof and this production method special use ", application number is 01120967.4 " deep-water netted case resisting wind and wave ", application number is 02114227.0 " tank type float/sink deep water net cage ", application number is 03178353.8 " submersible type deep water mesh cage ", application number is 200410075404.3 " asymmetric bicone floating anti-wind wave type net cage ", application number is 200510027697.2 patents of invention such as " wind wave resistance net cages "; Application number is 02268503.0 " elevated live cage ", application number is 02226009.9 " elevation (over-and-under) type wind wave resistance sea farming net cage ", application number is 01266769.2 " deep-water netted case resisting wind and wave ", application number be 01277765.X's " floating type wind wave resistance fish culture net cage ", application number is 02135316.6 " elevated live cage ", application number is 03216979.5 " controlled heavy formula fish culture net cage ", application number is 03268994.2 " winding type lifting fish culture net cage device ", application number be 200320121909.X's " a kind of wind wave resistance aquiculture net cage combined type buoyancy tank ", application number is 200320117593.7 " balloon type wind wave resistance deep water culture net cage ", application number is 200420064266.4 " deep water elevation (over-and-under) type wind wave resistance net cage ", application number is " but floating type fish culture net cage " of 200520086739.5, application number is 200620106238.3 utility model patents such as " deep water liftable vertical type net cages ".But pearl shell etc. is fit to hang the wind wave resistance cultural technique of supporting shellfish not to appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks at the deficiency of present seawater pearl shell breeding way and culture the sea area by the trend of offshore phytal zone to profundal zone development more than 20～30 meters, adopt simple technical measures solve breeding facility and the wind wave resistance problem of foster pearl shell, improve the ability of breeding facility and institute's cultured pearl shellfish opposing high wind, billow, avoid the economic loss that breeding facility damages or the lifting rope fracture is caused that causes by typhoon.
The invention provides a kind of Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster, when the sea stormy waves is big, take shirtsleeve operation will be used to hang and support prolonging rope and hanging the bottom water layer of supporting the pearl shell sedimentation on it and being fixed in water body of pearl shell, reduce stormy waves to prolonging rope and hanging the rocking of the pearl shell of supporting on it, concussion and role of tear, effectively reduce stormy waves to the influence of foster pearl shell.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
With float 1 and heavy 3 longlines 2 that a series of vertical arrangements are set in the sea area that weigh down, slip ring 4 is set on longline 2, connect successively with prolonging rope 5 between the slip ring 4, pearl shell promptly hangs to support prolonging and restricts on 5; Slip ring 4 slides up and down along longline 2, promptly can drive to prolong rope and 5 move up and down, and prolongs rope 5 and institute and hangs and support the residing water layer of pearl shell thereby regulate; Hang and support pearl shell when being in the water bottom water layer when prolonging rope 5 and institute, can effectively avoid the influence of sea high wind, billow.
Adopt the present invention that following significant advantage is arranged:
(1) capacity of anti-storm is strong: having typhoon interim, with the pearl shell sedimentation, keep hanging on the bottom of water body; Because heavy the bob is fixed on certain position by longline with float, fall to prolonging rope and hanging the impact that the shellfish cage of supporting on it is not subjected to water surface wave of water bottom, therefore can effectively avoid typhoon to breeding facility and the influence of foster pearl shell.
(2) do not having the high temperature season of typhoon, with the pearl shell of propagating artificially keep hanging on the water temperature height, food organisms are enriched the water body top layer, make it feed into more bait, can improve the growth rate of foster pearl shell.
(3) do not having the low temperature season of typhoon, it is bigger that the water body surface temperature is influenced by temperature, changes violent, low than bottom water temperature usually; And that the water bottom water temperature is influenced by temperature is less, and water temperature is relatively stable, and water temperature changes also milder, generally than the surface temperature height; Low temperature season keeps hanging on the higher bottom water body of water temperature with pearl shell and more helps its acquisition growth faster.
(4) in the mating season of aufwuch, pearl shell is kept hanging on water bottom, can effectively avoid aufwuch on the foster pearl shell of shellfish cage and institute, to adhere in a large number, reduce the clear shellfish number of times in the breeding process, reduce the aquaculture management workload.
(5) this method breeding facility is made of objects simple, commonly used such as float, heavy bob, various rope, slip ring, fixed block, anchors, and the connection between each object is also very simple, and therefore enforcement of the present invention is very simple; The lifting of lifting rope does not need the machinery and the equipment of additional complexity, only needs that simply manually lift the pearl shell that can easily will be positioned at water bottom rises to the water surface, so operation is very easy to use aquaculture management when of the present invention various.
(6) all connect heavy a bob below each float, therefore, the anchoring of whole breeding facility is very firm, and the high wind billow can not make moving of whole breeding facility occurrence positions.
(7) pearly shellfish is kept hanging on the bottom of water body, certain antitheft effect is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is first kind of connection diagram that the present invention prolongs rope;
Fig. 2 is second kind of connection diagram that the present invention prolongs rope;
Fig. 3 is the third connection diagram that the present invention prolongs rope.
Embodiment
At water surface straight line a series of floats 1 are set, link to each other with static line 8 between the float 1, the float 1 at two ends is fixed on the anchor 10 in seabed by anchor line 9.The below of each float 1 connects a heavy bob 3 by longline 2, the weight of heavy bob 3 is greater than float 1 and the heavy 3 suffered buoyancy sums of weighing down, float 1 is fixed on the position of determining relatively by heavy bob 3, longline 2 stands in the water body under the buoyancy of float 1 and heavy effect of weighing down 3 gravity, and can not the lifting with the lifting of water surface float 1.Slip ring 4 is placed on float 1 and the heavy longline 2 that weighs down between 3, connects each slip ring 4 successively with rope, and this rope is and prolongs rope 5, is used to hang the pearl shell of breed; The moving up and down of slip ring 4 can drive to prolong rope 5 and hang the pearl shell of supporting prolonging on the rope 5 and move up and down.On each slip ring 4, rope 6 is set, rope 6 play a part to move up slip ring 4 with link to each other with slip ring 4 prolong rope 5.Adjustable position is set between 3, and can be fixed on locating piece 7 on the longline 2 at the slip ring 4 of longline 2 and heavy the bob, locating piece 7 works to stop slip ring 4, its determining positions on longline 2 the minimum sedimentation position of slip ring 4, thereby the minimum water layer that rope 5 can sedimentation is prolonged in decision.When prolonging rope 5 when being positioned at water bottom, upwards lift the rope 6 that is connected on each slip ring 4 successively, then slip ring 4 moves up along longline 2, moves up thereby drive the rope 5 that prolongs that links to each other with slip ring 4, finally whole piece can be prolonged rope 5 and rise to the water body top layer; Fixedly rope 6 can prolong whole piece the top layer that rope 5 is fixed on water body on float 1 or static line 8.Typhoon comes interim, unclamp the rope 6 that is fixed on float 1 or the static line 8, at slip ring 4, prolong rope 5 self gravitation and institute hangs under the action of gravity of supporting pearl shell, slip ring 4, prolong rope 5 along in restricting 2, and the piece 7 that is positioned stops, is fixed in locating piece 7 residing water layer positions to lower slider; Although the float of water surface 1 has certain lifting, swing under the effect of stormy waves, what be positioned at water body lower floor prolongs rope 5 and less being affected of foster pearl shell of hanging, thereby plays the wind wave resistance effect.
The requirement that various rope used in the present invention is not strict, the rope that meets the facilities design requirement of strength may be used to the present invention; But longline 2 preferably uses and more helps slip ring 4 PVC ropes that slide, that coefficient of friction is less.Float 1 used in the present invention does not have strict requirement, can be that ball float, foam or other can be as the objects of float.Heavy bob 3 used in the present invention does not have strict requirement yet, but generally low by cost, make simple armored concrete and build up.Locating piece 7 used in the present invention does not have fixing structure yet, every can being fixed on the longline 2, and can play the object that stops slip ring 4 declines and can determine 7 as the location.
Distance between each float 1 of the present invention is traditionally arranged to be 5～10m in practical operation; But be not what fix, what can be provided with is longer or shorter: if shorter, then whole piece prolong rope 5 will be more straight, and the rising or the easier operation of general who has surrendered down of prolonging rope 5, but the input of building breeding facility will increase; If longer, less input though build breeding facility, and the rope 5 sagging amplitudes of prolonging between the adjacent buoys 1 are bigger, and prolong the rising of rope 5 or down the general who has surrendered more and more be not easy operation.
The length of longline 2 of the present invention is as far as possible near heavy distance of weighing down 3 seas during to lowest water level, so that longline 2 is in tensioned state as far as possible, more helps prolonging sliding up and down and prolonging the stable of rope 5 of rope 5.
Each float 1 of the present invention and the heavy longline 2 that weighs down between 3 can be 1, also can be 2.When between float 1 and the heavy bob 31 longline 2 being set, 1 slip ring 4 can be set on every longline 2, connect to prolong rope 5 between the slip ring 4, as shown in Figure 1; Also 2 slip rings 4 can be set on every longline 2, the slip ring 4 that 2 of longlines that are positioned at two ends are provided with on 1 slip ring, 4, the two adjacent longlines 2 links to each other to prolong rope 5, but the slip ring 4 that is positioned on the same longline 2 do not link to each other to prolong rope 5, as shown in Figure 2.When float 1 and heavy when 2 longlines 2 being set between weighing down 3,1 slip ring 4 then is set on every longline 2, between the slip ring 4 on different floats 1 and the heavy adjacent longline 2 that weighs down between 3,5 be connected by prolonging to restrict; Each float 1 and the heavy locating piece 7 that weighs down between 3 on 2 longlines 2 can be provided with as a whole, also can be provided with respectively, but between should link to each other with rope etc. so that whole longlines 2 are connected, further strengthen the stability of whole breeding facility; As shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 1
1, preparation: prepare various ropes, ball float and anchor; Make slip ring, locating piece, the heavy bob of cement.
2, every 5～10m straight line a series of floats arranged in a straight line 1 are set at the water surface, link to each other with static line 8 between the float 1, the float 1 at two ends is fixed on the anchoring earnest 10 in seabed by anchor line 9.
3, connect at an end of longline 2 that cement is heavy to weigh down 3, locating stationary positioned piece 7 apart from heavy the bob about 3 5m again, will sink in the float position and weigh down 3 and sink to the seabed.
4, on each slip ring 4, connect rope 6, and rope 6 is fixed on the static line 8 between float 1 or the float 1.
5, the surface end with longline 2 passes slip ring 4, and every longline 2 penetrates 1 slip ring 4, then longline 2 is connected with float 1.
6, adjacent slip ring 4 usefulness are prolonged rope 5 and connect, upwards spur rope 6 with whole piece prolong rope 5 rise to the water surface and be fixed to float 1 or float 1 between static line 8 on; Pearl shell is promptly hung and is being prolonged on the rope 5.
7, typhoon comes interim, unclamp the rope 6 on the static line 8 that is fixed between float 1 or the float 1, at slip ring 4, prolong rope 5 self gravitation and institute hangs under the action of gravity of foster pearl shell, slip ring 4, prolong rope 5 along longline 2 to lower slider, and the piece 7 that is positioned stops, is fixed in locating piece 7 residing water layer positions.
8, after the typhoon, upwards spur every rope 6 successively, then can will prolong rope 5 and hang the top layer that the pearl shell of supporting on it rises to water body.
1, preparation: prepare various ropes and timber; Make slip ring, locating piece; Locating piece is fixed on apart from the position about the 5m of timber lower end.
2, in water, a series of timbers are set every 5～10m straight line.
3, on each slip ring 4, connect rope 6, slip ring 4 is placed in the timber, and rope 6 is fixed on the water surface part of timber.
4, link to each other with static line 8 at the water surface between the timber, two ends are fixed on the anchoring earnest 10 in seabed by anchor line 9.
5, adjacent slip ring 4 usefulness are prolonged rope 5 and connect, upwards spur rope 6 and whole piece is prolonged rope 5 rise to the water surface and be fixed on the static line 8 between the water surface timber; Pearl shell is promptly hung and is being prolonged on the rope 5.
6, typhoon comes interim, unclamp the rope 6 that is fixed on the static line 8, at slip ring 4, prolong rope 5 self gravitation and institute hangs under the action of gravity of supporting pearl shell, slip ring 4, prolong restrict 5 along timber to lower slider, and the piece 7 that is positioned stops, is fixed in locating piece 7 residing water layer positions.
7, after the typhoon, upwards spur every rope 6 successively, then can will prolong rope 5 and hang the top layer that the pearl shell of supporting on it rises to water body.
This method is mainly used in the large nacre of production high-quality high-grade sea water pearls and propagating artificially of nacre, also can be used for low value pearl shells such as penguin pearl shell, pteria martensii or other is fit to hang propagating artificially of foster shellfish.
Claims (6)
1. Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster, it is characterized in that: with float (1) and the heavy longline (2) that weighs down (3) at the fixing a series of vertical states in breed sea area, the heavy gravity that weighs down (3) at least should be greater than the buoyancy sum of heavy bob (3) itself and the suffered seawater of whole float (1) that is attached thereto; In the heavy position of weighing down (3) certain distance of every longline (2) distance locating piece (7) is set, longline (2) more than locating piece (7) is gone up the slip ring (4) that setting can slide up and down along longline (2) again, connect to prolong rope (5) between the slip ring (4), the pearl shell of being cultured is promptly hung and is being prolonged on the rope (5).Rope (6) is set on slip ring (4), upwards lifts each bar rope (6) successively, the slip ring (4) that then links to each other with rope (6) drives that whole piece prolongs rope (5) and the pearl shell of being cultured moves to the water body top layer; Loosen rope (6), slip ring (4), prolong rope (5) under the effect of itself gravity and institute's cultured pearl shellfish gravity to the water bottom sedimentation, the piece (7) that finally is positioned stops, is fixed in the residing water bottom of locating piece (7), avoids the influence of sea stormy waves.
2. a kind of Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when between float (1) and the heavy bob (3) 1 longline (2) being set, 1 slip ring (4) is set on every longline (2), then connects successively to prolong rope (5) between each slip ring (4).
3. a kind of Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when between float (1) and the heavy bob (3) 1 longline (2) being set, the longline (2) that is positioned at two ends only is provided with 1 slip ring (4), 2 slip rings (4) are set on all the other every longline (2), slip ring (4) on the two adjacent longlines (2) links to each other to prolong rope (5), but the slip ring (4) that is positioned on the same longline (2) does not link to each other to prolong rope (5).
4. a kind of Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when between float (1) and the heavy bob (3) 2 longlines (2) being set, 1 slip ring (4) then is set on every longline (2), is positioned between the slip ring (4) on different floats (1) and the heavy adjacent longline (2) that weighs down between (3) and is connected by prolonging rope (5).
5. the different shellfish Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method of a kind of treasure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance on sea when the length of longline (2) arrives lowest water level near heavy bob (3) as far as possible.
6. the different shellfish Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method of a kind of treasure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance between the float (1) is 5～10m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100260982A CN101243780B (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2008-01-25 | Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100260982A CN101243780B (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2008-01-25 | Liftable expansion rope wind wave resistant cultivation method for pearl oyster |
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| CN101243780A CN101243780A (en) | 2008-08-20 |
| CN101243780B true CN101243780B (en) | 2010-10-27 |
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| CN102067823B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-10-10 | 长海县广鹿泰恒生物科技有限公司 | Buoyant-raft net cage sea cucumber culture device and sea cucumber culture method |
| CN102499152A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 谢绍河 | Wind-and-wave-resistant pearl oyster farming device and lifting type ecological farming method using same |
| CN104170781A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-03 | 郑根仕 | Method and device for breeding mussels by aid of anti-typhoon platforms |
| KR101521630B1 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-05-21 | 곽철우 | The rope setting apparatus for seedbank |
| CN104872023B (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2017-08-29 | 莆田市渔业行业协会 | A kind of device and method of the double season hanging culture oysters of the double-deck raft frame in opening sea area |
| CN105850793B (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-11-06 | 福建省淼鑫水产科技发展有限公司 | Underwater hovering cultivation apparatus and cultural method |
| CN108925475B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2020-11-06 | 苑春亭 | Raft type shellfish culture method for supplying biological bait in autumn of offshore area |
| CN107568119B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2023-11-21 | 浙江天使之泪珠宝有限公司 | Pearl culturing device for pearl culture |
| CN113711959B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-03-07 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Ecological proliferation method of pearl shells on remote sea island |
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| US4957064A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-09-18 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Offshore fish cage for farming fish |
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