CN101242420B - RFID sensing system based on IEEE802.15.4 standard - Google Patents
RFID sensing system based on IEEE802.15.4 standard Download PDFInfo
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- CN101242420B CN101242420B CN2008101016656A CN200810101665A CN101242420B CN 101242420 B CN101242420 B CN 101242420B CN 2008101016656 A CN2008101016656 A CN 2008101016656A CN 200810101665 A CN200810101665 A CN 200810101665A CN 101242420 B CN101242420 B CN 101242420B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a RFID sensing system based on IEEE802.15.4 standard, comprising a plurality of sensor modules having same structures, one or more data servers and a plurality of RFID labels. The sensor modules are used for reading ID number and application parameters of the RFID labels. The data servers are used for reading and storing the massage format information PN outputted by processors in the sensor modules. Each sensor module can communicate with other sensor modules by wireless communication unit based on IEEE802.15.4 standard, sends microcomputer processor MCU unit information to the data servers by USB interface, thus finishing the whole process from sampling to uploading. The data servers can carry out late data service operations according to requirements. The sensormodules can charge with data transmission modules for node battery by USB interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system that radio-frequency information is handled, more particularly say, be meant that a kind of equipment that can compatible IEEE802.15.4 standard communicates and each sensor assembly has the RFID sensor-based system of independently the RFID label being handled.
Background technology
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) (radio-frequency (RF) identification) is a kind of non-contacting automatic identification technology, its basic principle is to utilize radiofrequency signal and space coupling (inductance coupling high or electromagnetic coupled) transmission characteristic, realization is to being identified the automatic identification of object, have the unrivaled advantage of many traditional automatic identification technologies, as noncontact, distance, read-write, contain much information, need not manual intervention, multiple target discerns etc. simultaneously.The performance of RFID is better and better, is widely used in various aspects such as public safety, production control, commercial transaction, logistics management, assets management, traffic administration, identification.
Rfid interrogator is divided into two kinds of wired formula and wireless types.Wired read write line links to each other with server end by order wire, thereby can transmit the label information of reading in real time; The radio read-write device then is by wireless system data in real time to be sent to server end.In addition, also have a kind of off-line read write line, it can store institute's read data, be dumped on the server then, thereby real-time is poor.Compare with wired read write line, the radio read-write device can save a large amount of installation works, and can move flexibly, adapts to different environment, is particularly suitable for being used in occasions such as exhibitions, safety check, logistics.
The IEEE802.15.4 standard is that ieee standard association is at low-speed wireless personal area network (low-ratewireless personal area network, the LR-WPAN) standard of Zhi Dinging.This standard is low-energy-consumption, lower rate transmissions, low-cost as highest priority.The LR-WPAN network is a kind of cordless communication network simple in structure, with low cost, and it makes uses wireless connections to become possibility in the applied environment of low electric energy and poor throughput.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of RFID sensor-based system based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard, heat transfer agent device in this radio frequency sensing system can be gathered the information of RFID intelligent label, and realize the communication of each sensor node by the radio communication unit of IEEE802.15.4 standard, realize the communication of sensor node and server by transmission and charhing unit, while is the sensor node charging by USB interface, has solved to be present in the existing defective of RFID sensing device on problems such as versatility, autgmentability.
The present invention is a kind of RFID sensor-based system based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard, and this RFID sensor-based system includes the identical sensor assembly of a plurality of structures, one or more data server, a plurality of RFID label.Described sensor assembly is used to read ID number and application parameter information of RFID label; Described data server is used for reading the message format information P of described sensor assembly processor output
N, and store this message format information P
N
Described A sensor assembly 11 is made up of processor 101, transmission and charhing unit 102, wireless communication unit 103, RFID read-write cell 104; Wireless communication unit 103 is used to realize that A sensor assembly 11 and B sensor assembly 12 or N sensor assembly 13 carry out radio communication; Transmission and charhing unit 102 are used to realize the data interaction of processor 101 and data server 2 by usb mode, simultaneously also can be by the charging of USB interface realization to A sensor assembly 11; RFID read-write cell 104 is used to read the data message F of A group RFID label 10
A=＜ID
A, D
A, and with this data message F
AArrangement is tag format information R
NTransfer to processor 101; The data message F of 101 pairs of receptions of processor
A=＜ID
A, D
AHandle back outgoing message format information P
NTransfer in the data server through transmission and charhing unit 102.
Described message format information P
NFor:
| Frame control | Destination address | Source address | Broadcasting radius territory | Broadcast sequence number | Frame payload |
| Routing frame | |||||
| The network layer frames header | The network layer payload | ||||
Described tag format information R
NFor:
| Start bit S1 | Command byte (8bits) | The ISO15693 data | Stop bits ES1 |
The RFID sensor-based system advantage compared with prior art that the present invention is based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard is:
(1) different with existing fixed-point data collection, each sensor assembly adopts wireless mode communication, has strengthened the degree of flexibility of using greatly, can use and various complicated occasion.
(2) wireless transmission between each sensor assembly of the present invention's employing meets the IEEE802.15.4 standard, so support star-like and point-to-point two kinds of network topology structures, applying flexible; Each sensor assembly all has 16 and 64 two kinds of address formats, and wherein 64 bit address are the only extended address in the whole world, has guaranteed the uniqueness of device data, has also guaranteed fail safe; The carrier wave multichannel of supporting conflict to avoid is intercepted technology, and (carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance CSMA-CA), has improved the efficient and the accuracy of wireless transmission greatly; Support to confirm (ACK) mechanism, guarantee wireless defeated reliability.
(3) because the 2.4GHz network of IEEE802.15.4 standard support has publicly-owned property,, realize the radio frequency sensing system function expansion easily so equipment is supported the access of third party device.
(4) owing to adopted powered battery, and, not only on communication mode, adopted the very low communication mode that meets the IEEE802.15.4 standard of power consumption, realized the automatic charging under the number biography condition simultaneously by the USB interface charging modes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of RFID sensor-based system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the another kind of RFID sensor-based system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of A sensor assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of radio communication unit.
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of processor.
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of transmission and charhing unit.
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of RFID read-write cell.
Among the figure: 1. heat transfer agent device 2. data server 10.A group RFID label 20.B group RFID label 30.N organizes RFID label 11.A sensor assembly 12.B sensor assembly 13.N sensor assembly 14.D sensor assembly
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is a kind of RFID sensor-based system based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard, and (referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2) this radio frequency sensing system includes a plurality of sensor assemblies, one or more data server, a plurality of RFID label.
Described sensor assembly is used to read ID number and application parameter information of RFID label.
Described data server is used for reading the message format information P of described sensor assembly processor output
N, and store this message format information P
N, this message format information P
NThe application that can be used for the later stage is handled.
In the present invention, a plurality of sensor assemblies (A sensor assembly 11, B sensor assembly 12, C sensor assembly 14 ..., N sensor assembly 13) constitute a radio sensing network, each transducer also can be described as sensor node in this radio sensing network; Can carry out data interaction by communications protocol between each sensor assembly based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard.
In the present invention, the structural design of A sensor assembly 11, B sensor assembly 12, C sensor assembly 14, N sensor assembly 13 is identical.Wherein, (referring to shown in Figure 3) A sensor assembly 11 is made up of processor 101, transmission and charhing unit 102, wireless communication unit 103, RFID read-write cell 104.
In the present invention, wireless communication unit 103 is used to realize that A sensor assembly 11 and B sensor assembly 12 or N sensor assembly 13 carry out radio communication; This radio communication has adopted the IEEE802.15.4 radio frequency chip CC2420 based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard.
In the present invention, the data message of 101 pairs of receptions of processor (by 104 outputs of RFID read-write cell) is handled back outgoing message format information P
NGive transmission and charhing unit 102.Described message format information P
NFor:
| Frame control | Destination address | Source address | Broadcasting radius territory | Broadcast sequence number | Frame payload |
| Routing frame | |||||
| The network layer frames header | The network layer payload | ||||
In the present invention, transmission and charhing unit 102 are used to realize the data interaction of processor 101 and data server 2 by usb mode, simultaneously also can be by the charging of USB interface realization to A sensor assembly 11.
In the present invention, RFID read-write cell 104 is used to read the data message F of A group RFID label 10
A=＜ID
A, D
A, and with this data message F
AArrangement is tag format information R
NTransfer to processor 101.Described A group label data information F
ABe meant ID number and application parameter of each the RFID label in the A group RFID label 10.At B sensor assembly 12 shown in Figure 1, the B group data message F of the B group label 20 that the RFID read-write cell that then has B to organize reads
B=＜ID
B, D
B.N sensor assembly 13, the N group data message F of the N group label 30 that the RFID read-write cell that then has N to organize reads
N=＜ID
N, D
N.Described tag format information R
NFor:
| Start bit S1 | Command byte (8bits) | The ISO15693 data | Stop bits ES1 |
The hardware of quoting among the present invention is described below:
(1) processor adopting PIC18F4620 chip
The PIC series monolithic is the microcontroller by the exploitation of Microchip company, and its outstanding characteristics are to emphasize low-power consumption, are highly suitable for the application of various low power requirements.It has a plurality of series and model, is combined according to different application targets by some basic functions modules respectively.Since its high cost performance, at intelligence instrument, Medical Devices, fields such as security system have been obtained widely and have been used.Consider communicating by letter of single-chip microcomputer and high frequency chip, and the requirement of performance expansion of system later on and procedure stores etc., selected the PIC18LF4620 microcontroller of employing nanowatt level technology in design, it is a low-power consumption Demand Design that aims at.Its operating voltage has only 3.3V, can directly communicate by letter with high frequency chip.The RAM that has 3986B simultaneously, the FALSH of 64KB.
The connection of each pin is that the pin 44,1,21,37,42,35 of (referring to shown in Figure 1): processor chips U1 connects with the pin two, 3,4,5,6,7 of USB interface chip respectively; The pin two 4,2,3,4,5,40,41 of processor chips U1 connects with the pin one of reading interface J4,3,5,7,9,11,6 respectively; Pin one 8,16,17 connects with the pin one, 4,5 of DLL (dynamic link library) J1 respectively; Pin 7,28 connects the 3.6V power supply; Pin 6,29 ground connection; Be in series with crystal oscillator Q1 between pin 31 and the pin 30, and pin 31 ground connection after capacitor C 13, and pin 30 ground connection after capacitor C 14;
Pin two 0 connects with battery feed circuit, 1 end of the battery BT1 of battery feed circuit connects with 2 ends of switch S 1,1 end of switch S 1 connects the 3.6V power supply behind diode D1, in sequential series between 1 end of switch S 1 and 1 end of diode D1 have resistance R 23, resistance R 24 back ground connection;
Pin one 8 connects with an end of the resistance R 1 of reset circuit, and the other end of resistance R 1 connects with 2 ends of switch S 2, and 1 end ground connection of switch S 2 is connected to resistance R 2 between 2 ends of switch S 2 and the 3.6V power supply, is connected to capacitor C 12 between 2 ends of switch S 2 and the ground;
Pin one 9 connects back ground connection with the resistance R 26 of bleeder circuit;
The pin one of USB interface chip connects with the emitter of the triode Q5 of charging circuit, be connected with resistance R 28 between the emitter of triode Q5 and the base stage, the collector electrode of triode Q5 connects with 1 end of switch S 1 by resistance R 27, the base stage of triode Q5 connects through the collector electrode of resistance R 29 with triode Q6, the grounded emitter of triode Q6, be connected to resistance R 22 between the base stage of triode Q6 and the emitter, the base stage of triode Q6 connects with the pin 36 of processor chips U1; The pin one of USB interface chip connects with the resistance R of bleeder circuit 25 1 ends, and resistance R 25 other ends connect with resistance R 26 1 ends, resistance R 26 other end ground connection;
The pin 41,21,30,28,27,29,33,34,32,31 that pin two 2,23,8,9,10,11,43,42,37,35,32 is respectively wireless telecommunications chip U3 connects;
(2) the RFID read-write cell adopts radio-frequency (RF) identification chip S6700 chip
The S6700 chip is the multi-protocols read write line chip at the IC-card read-write of TI (Texas Instrument) exploitation, and it offers the number interface.This chip is supported all transponders (TI Tag-it agreement) of TI high frequency, ISO/IEC 15693 standards, agreements such as ISO/IEC 14443Type A.There are transmit modulator and receiving demodulation device in S6700 inside, and the voltage range of work is 3.3V～5VDC, and normal working voltage is 5V.Radio frequency power output can reach 200mW, if add amplifier in addition, can improve power output greatly.Matched impedance is 50 Europe.The connection of each pin is that the pin two 0 of (referring to shown in Figure 7): radio-frequency (RF) identification chip U2 is connected with antenna after resistance R 31, pin one 9,7,9,10 ground connection, pin one 7 connects the 3.6V power supply, and through capacitor C 27 ground connection, pin one 5,13,11 respectively with read 1 of interface J4,3,5 connect, pin one 2 connects the 3.6V power supply, and through capacitor C 29 ground connection, crystal oscillator Q5 is connected between pin 5 and the pin 6, and pin 5 is ground connection after capacitor C 26, and pin 6 is ground connection after capacitor C 28, reads the pin one of interface J4,3,5,7,9,11,6 respectively with the pin two of processor chips U1,3,4,5,40,41,24 connect; Pin 4 ground connection; Pin 3 is through resistance R 32 ground connection; Pin two connects the 3.6V power supply through inductance L 6, and pin two connects the 3.6V power supply through capacitor C 23, and connects with the A antenna through capacitor C 22, inductance L 5, inductance L 4, and inductance L 5 is ground connection after capacitor C 21; Pin one connects the 3.6V power supply, and after capacitor C 24 ground connection, the two ends of capacitor C 24 are parallel with capacitor C 25.
Read between the pin one of interface J4 and the pin two and be in series with resistance R 38, and pin two connects the 3.6V power supply, pin 7 connects with 2 ends of switch S 5, be in series with capacitor C 30 between 2 ends of switch S 5 and the ground, and be parallel with resistance R 37 on the two ends of capacitor C 30,1 end of switch S 5 ground connection after resistance R 36, pin 9 is ground connection behind resistance R 34, diode D6, pin one 1 is ground connection behind resistance R 35, diode D7, and pin 6 connects with the pin two 4 of processor chips U1, pin one 2 ground connection.
(3) wireless transmission unit adopts the CC2420 radio frequency chip based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard
The CC2420 of Chipcon company is as the communication chip of supporting the IEEE802.15.4 standard, work in the unified and open 2.4GHz ISM frequency band in the whole world, have operating voltage low (1.8V), volume little (7mm * 7mm), (TX:24mA low in energy consumption, RX:17mA) and highly sensitive (advantage such as 119dB), high workload speed can reach 250kbps; Adopted the direct sequence spread spectrum mode, the antinoise interference performance is strong; The media access control sublayer of having realized IEEE802.15.4 with hardware is based on 128 AES data encryption and differentiate operation, fail safe is higher, has fully-integrated voltage controlled oscillator, only need antenna, 16MHz crystal oscillator and considerably less peripheral circuits such as several capacitance-resistance, inductance element just on the 2.4GHz frequency band, to work, need not debugging substantially; Functions such as the processing of media access control sublayer support information bag, metadata cache, burst transfer, Address Recognition, channel energy detection, link-quality indication and clear channel assessment (CCA), thus the master controller burden can be alleviated, and can be used with controller cheaply.Therefore select for use CC2420 as the wireless communication RF chip.
The connection of each hardware is (referring to shown in Figure 4): the pin 37,44,48,1,2,3,4,10,14,15,17,18,20,26,35,42 of wireless communication RF chip U3 connects the 1.8V power supply, and the 1.8V power end is ground connection behind resistance R 13, light-emitting diode D11; Pin 5,9,19,22,23,24 ground connection; Pin 43 is through capacitor C 2 ground connection, and connects with the 3.6V power supply, and pin two 5 is through capacitor C 8 ground connection, and connects with the 3.6V power supply, and the 3.6V power end is ground connection behind resistance R 14, light-emitting diode D12; Pin two 1,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,41 connects with the pin two 3,10,9,11,8,32,37,43,42,22 of processor chips U1 respectively; Be connected with crystal oscillator Q2 between pin 38 and the pin 39, and pin 38 is through capacitor C 5 ground connection, and pin 39 is through capacitor C 4 ground connection; Pin 42 is ground connection after resistance R 12, capacitor C 1; Pin 45 is ground connection after resistance R 11; Pin 6 is ground connection after inductance L 2, capacitor C 7, and the C antenna is connected on the pin 6 through capacitor C 10, capacitor C 11, and pin 6 is ground connection after inductance L 1, capacitor C 6 again; Pin 7 is ground connection after capacitor C 6; The C antenna is connected on the pin 8 through capacitor C 9, inductance L 3, and pin 8 is through capacitor C 7 ground connection.
(4) the double data transmission module of charging:
Supply module is responsible for rfid interrogator work power supply is provided.Because the exigent deployment flexibility of sensor node, thereby the mode that adopts rechargeable battery to power.The USB charging data transmission unit of holding concurrently is used for and the communicating by letter of server.The 5V voltage of the CP2101 of USB control simultaneously chip can be the sensor node battery charge, when sensor node connects the USB mouth of PC, USB can provide power supply for sensor node, also battery is charged simultaneously, and when its with being connected of PC USB mouth in have no progeny, the required power supply of sensor node work is then provided by battery.
The connection of each pin is (referring to shown in Figure 6): the pin one of USB interface U10,2,3 connects with the pin 7,5,4 of USB control chip U11 respectively, pin 4 ground connection; The pin 6 of USB control chip U11 connects the 3.6V power supply, and after capacitor C 32 ground connection, be parallel with resistance R 18 between 1 end of capacitor C 32 and the 3.6V power supply; Charging circuit (referring to shown in Figure 5) connects with pin 8, and pin 8 is in parallel with pin 7, and pin 8 is ground connection after capacitor C 33, and the two ends of capacitor C 33 are parallel with capacitor C 31; Pin 3,29 ground connection; Pin two 6 is ground connection behind resistance R 20, diode D9; Pin two 5 is ground connection behind resistance R 19, diode D8.
The present invention is based on the radio frequency sensing system of IEEE802.15.4 standard, (referring to shown in Figure 2) a plurality of be in wireless connection conditions sensor node (A sensor assembly 11, B sensor assembly 12 ..., N sensor assembly 13) can be in sensor node (the C sensor assembly 14) communication that is connected the data server state with one, information data is passed to same data server; (referring to shown in Figure 1) a plurality of sensor nodes that connect the data server state that are in also can be accepted a data message that is in sensor node (sending to B sensor assembly 12 as the A sensor assembly 11) transmission of wireless connection conditions.
The present invention is based on the RFID sensor-based system of IEEE802.15.4 standard, the wireless communication unit based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard of sensor node can add according to network condition or exit network automatically, and can communicate by letter with other sensor node in the same 2.4GHz network, then these information are sent to the microprocessor MCU unit of sensor node, the microprocessor MCU unit of sensor node is sent to data server by USB interface with information, finishes data from collecting the whole process of uploading.Data server just can carry out the data service operation in later stage according to demand.Sensor node can also be the node battery charge by USB interface by the double data transmission module that charges.
Claims (3)
1. RFID sensor-based system based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard, this RFID sensor-based system includes the identical sensor assembly of a plurality of structures, one or more data server, a plurality of RFID label, it is characterized in that: described sensor assembly is used to read ID number and application parameter information of RFID label; Described data server is used for reading the message format information P of described sensor assembly processor output
N, and store this message format information P
N
A sensor assembly (11) is made up of processor (101), transmission and charhing unit (102), wireless communication unit (103), RFID read-write cell (104); Wireless communication unit (103) is used to realize that A sensor assembly (11) and B sensor assembly (12) or N sensor assembly (13) carry out radio communication; Transmission and charhing unit (102) are used to realize the data interaction of processor (101) and data server (2) by usb mode, simultaneously also can be by the charging of USB interface realization to A sensor assembly (11); RFID read-write cell (104) is used to read the data message F of A group RFID label (10)
A=＜ID
A, D
A, and with this data message F
AArrangement is tag format information R
NTransfer to processor (101); The data message F of processor (101) to receiving
A=＜ID
A, D
AHandle back outgoing message format information P
NTransfer in the data server through transmission and charhing unit (102);
Processor (101) is chosen the PIC18LF4620 microcontroller chip, transmission and charhing unit (102) are chosen the CP2101USB control chip, wireless communication unit (103) is chosen CC2420 wireless communication RF chip, and RFID read-write cell (104) is chosen the S6700 chip;
Described message format information P
NFor:
Described tag format information P
NData structure be: the command byte of start bit S1,8bits, ISO 15693 data and stop bits ES1 are arranged in order.
2. RFID sensor-based system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a plurality of sensor assemblies that are in wireless connection conditions can be in the sensor assembly that is connected the data server state and communicate by letter with one, and information data is passed to same data server.
3. RFID sensor-based system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a plurality of sensor assemblies that connect the data server state that are in can be accepted the data message that a plurality of sensor assemblies that are in wireless connection conditions send.
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| CN102307107A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-04 | 无锡互惠信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent management system of ODN (optical distribution network) based on RFID (radio frequency identification) |
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| CN1858770A (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2006-11-08 | 孟友新 | RFID device based on 802.11 b |
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