CN101230915B - 监控电机械变速器的液压回路装置的方法和设备 - Google Patents

监控电机械变速器的液压回路装置的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101230915B
CN101230915B CN2008100038770A CN200810003877A CN101230915B CN 101230915 B CN101230915 B CN 101230915B CN 2008100038770 A CN2008100038770 A CN 2008100038770A CN 200810003877 A CN200810003877 A CN 200810003877A CN 101230915 B CN101230915 B CN 101230915B
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fault
clutch
speed changer
signal output
pressure
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CN101230915A (zh
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P·E·吴
T·萨塔西万
R·L·舍梅特
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/04—Monitoring the functioning of the control system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/02—Control by fluid pressure
    • F16D48/0206—Control by fluid pressure in a system with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • F16D48/066—Control of fluid pressure, e.g. using an accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00—Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/20—Ambient conditions, e.g. wind or rain
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/102—Actuator
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    • F16D2500/1027—Details about the hydraulic valves
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    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
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    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
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    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
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    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
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    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
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    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

提供一种方法和装置以控制电机械变速器装置在多个固定速比模式和两个无级变速模式下操作。所述方法包括控制电液控制回路中的流动控制装置，并且监控电液控制回路中的多个压力监控装置。当压力监控装置中的一个的信号输出在一段时间过去后与压力监控装置的期望信号输出不符时，在电液控制回路中确认存在故障。

Description

监控电机械变速器的液压回路装置的方法和设备
技术领域
本发明基本涉及电机械变速器的控制***，并特别涉及其液压回路的监控操作。
背景技术
燃料/电力混合动力系结构包括转矩产生装置，包括内燃机和电力机械，其通过变速器装置向车辆传动***传递转矩。一个这样的变速器包括双模式、复合分离、电力机械变速器，该变速器采用输入元件以从内燃机接收动力转矩，采用输出元件以从变速器向车辆传动***传输动力转矩。示例的电机械变速器通过转矩传递离合器的动作在固定档位模式和无级变速模式下选择性地运行。当变速器输出元件的转速是来自发动机的输入元件的转速的固定比率时，固定档位模式发生，通常由于一个或多个转矩传递离合器的动作。当变速器输出元件的转速基于一个或多个电机械的运行速度时可变时，无级变速模式发生。电机械可通过离合器动作或通过直接连接连接到输出轴。离合器的接合和分离通常通过液压回路实现，所述液压回路包括电驱动液压流管理阀、压力控制螺线管和由控制模块控制的压力监控装置。
工程师运行具有电液变速器的动力***的难点在于识别液压回路中故障的方案，例如在执行换档过程中。
发明内容
提供一种方法和装置以在用于示例的动力系的变速器装置的电液回路中识别故障。所述变速器包括可操作以从多个转矩产生装置传递转矩输入的电机械装置。包括多个可控流动控制装置的电液控制回路可操作以选择性地驱动多个转矩传递装置从而实现在包括固定速比模式和两个无级变速模式的多个操作模式中的一个中的操作。所述方法包括控制所述流动控制装置，并且监控电液控制回路中的多个压力监控装置。当监控到的来自压力监控装置中的一个的信号输出与压力监控装置的期望信号输出不符一段时间后，在电液控制回路中确认存在故障。
在阅读并理解下述实施方式的详细描述的基础上，本发明对本领域技术人员将变得明白。
附图说明
本发明采用的实体形式为一定的部分以及部分的组合，本发明的优选实施方式将被详细描述并在附图中说明，所述附图形成本发明的一部分，其中：
图1是根据本发明的示例动力系的示意性视图；
图2是根据本发明的用于控制***和动力系的示例构造的示意性视图；以及
图3是根据本发明的流体回路的示意性视图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图，其中所显示的内容仅用于描述本发明的目的而不是为了限制本发明，图1和2描述了一个***，该***包括发动机14、变速器10、控制***和已经按照本发明的实施方式构造的传动***。
示例性变速器10的机械方面已经在一同受让的名称为“Two-Mode，Compound-Split，Hybrid Electro-MechanicalTransmission having Four Fixed Ratios”的美国专利No.6953409中详细公开，上述文献以引用的方式结合在此。将本发明的概念具体化的示例性双模式、复合分离、电机械混合变速器在图1中被描述，并且整体以附图标记10标识。变速器10具有输入轴12，该轴12优选直接有内燃机14驱动。变速器10采用三个行星齿轮组24、26和28、以及四个转矩传递装置，即离合器C170、C262、C373和C475。优选由变速器控制模块17控制的电液控制***42可操作以控制离合器的接合和释放。离合器C2和C4优选包括液压致动转动摩擦离合器。离合器C1和C3优选包括固定到变速器壳体68上的液压致动静止装置。
三个行星齿轮组24、26和28每个包括单个行星齿轮组。并且，第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26通过下述方式复合在一起，第一行星齿轮组24的内齿轮元件连接到第二行星齿轮组26的外齿轮元件上，并且连接到包括电机/发电机56的第一电力机械上，也可称为“MG-A”。
行星齿轮组24和26还通过下述方式复合在一起，第一行星齿轮组24的行星架36通过轴60连接到第二行星齿轮组26的行星架44上。同样地，第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26的行星架36和44分别相连。轴60还通过离合器C262选择性地连接到第三行星齿轮组28的行星架52上。第三行星齿轮组28的行星架52直接连接到离合器输出元件64上。第二行星齿轮组28的内齿轮元件通过围绕轴60的套轴66连接到第三行星齿轮组28的那齿轮元件上，并且连接到包括电机/发电机72的第二电力机械上，也可称为“MG-B”。
所有的行星齿轮组24、26和28以及MG-A和MG-B 56和72优选同轴定位，例如围绕轴60同轴布置。MG-A和MG-B 56和72都是环状结构，这使得它们可以外接于三个行星齿轮组24、26和28，从而使得行星齿轮组24、26和28径向向内布置在MG-A和MG-B 56和72内。变速器输出元件64可操作地连接在车辆传动***90上以提供动力转矩。每个离合器优选由液压致动，通过下面将参考附图3描述的电液控制回路42从泵接收加压的液压流体，下面将描述。
变速器10从转矩产生装置接收输入动力转矩，所述转矩产生装置包括发动机14和MG-A和MG-B 56和72，其结果是由燃料和电势能转换而来的能量存储在电能存储装置(ESD)74中。ESD74通常包括一个或更多的电化学能量存储电池。也可采用其它可以存储电能并且输出电能的电能和电化学能量存储装置来代替电池而不改变本发明的概念。ESD74的尺寸优选基于下列因素确定，再生需求、与典型的道路坡度和温度相关的应用标准和推进需求，如排放、动力辅助和电力范围。ESD74通过DC(直流)导体27高压直流连接到变速器动力转换模块(TPIM)19。TPIM19是下文中将参考附图2描述的控制***的部件。TPIM19通过传导体29传递电能到MG-A 56，或者传递来自MG-A56的电能，并且TPIM19通过传导体31传递电能到MG-B 72，或者传递来自MG-B 72的电能。根据ESD74是否被充电或放电，电流被传递到ESD74或从ESD74传递。TPIM19包括动力转换装置和各电机控制模块对，所述电机控制模块被配置以接收电机控制命令并且控制转换器状态，以便提供电机驱动或再生功能。
在电机控制中，各转换器接收来自直流传输线的电流，并且通过传导体29和31向各电力机械即MG-A和MG-B提供交流电流。在再生控制中，各转换器通过传导体29和31从电力机械接收交流电流，并且传递电流到直流线27。提供给转换器或来自转换器的净直流电决定电能存储装置74的充电或放电操作模式。优选地，MG-A 56和MG-B 72是三项交流电机械，每个具有可操作以在固定在变速器壳体上的定子内转动的转子。所述转换器包括公知的互补的三项能量电子装置。
现在参考图2，描述了包括分布式控制模块结构的控制***的示意性框图。下文中描述的元件包括整个车辆控制结构的子集，并且可操作以提供此处所描述的动力***的相适应的***控制。所述控制***可操作以综合相关的信息和输入，并且执行算法以控制各致动器从而达到控制目标，包括这些参数如燃油经济性、排放、执行性能、驾驶性能、以及硬件保护，包括ESD74和MG-A和MG-B 56、72的电池。分布式控制模块结构包括发动机控制模块(“ECM”)23、变速器控制模块(“BPCM”)22、和变速器动力转换模块(“TPIM”)19。混合控制模块(“HCP”)5提供全部控制以及上述控制模块的协调工作。用户界面(“UI”)13可操作地连接到多个装置，通过这些装置，车辆驾驶员通常通过转矩输出要求控制或指令包括变速器10的动力系的操作。到达UI13的示例性车辆驾驶员输入包括加速踏板、制动踏板、变速器档位选择器、以及车速巡航控制。前述控制模块中的每一个通过局域网(“LAN”)总线6与其它控制模块、传感器和致动器通信。LAN总线6允许控制参数和命令在各种控制模块之间进行结构化通信。所使用的特定通信协议是特定应用的。LAN总线和适当的协议在前述控制模块和其它控制模块之间提供强的信息交换和多控制模块界面接口，所述其它模块提供一定功能，如制动防抱死、牵引性能调节、和车辆稳定性。
HCP5提供混合动力***的全部控制，用于ECM23、TCM17、TPIM19和BPCM21的协同操作。基于来自UI13和动力系的各种输入信号，包括电池组，HCP5产生各种指令，包括：驾驶员转矩需求、发动机转矩指令、用于变速器10的各离合器C1、C2、C3和C4的离合器转矩指令；以及用于MG-A和MG-B的电机转矩指令。TCM可操作地连接到图3的电液控制回路42，包括监控各种压力传感装置(未描述)并且产生和执行用于各种螺线管的控制信号以控制压力开关并控制其中包含的控制阀。
ECM23可操作地连接到发动机14，并且其功能在于通过多个离散的线从多个传感器获取数据并且分别控制发动机14的各致动器，所述多个离散的线整体地表示为合成线35。ECM23从HCP5接收发动机转矩指令，并且产生理想的车轴转矩以及输入给变速器的实际发动机转矩输入指示，其被传递给HCP5。为简单起见，ECM23整体描述为通过合成线35与发动机14具有双向接口。各种其它可被ECM23感应的参数包括发动机冷却温度、发动机向通往变速器的轴12的输入速度NI、歧管压力、环境空气温度、和环境压力。各种可由ECM23控制的致动器包括燃料喷射器、点火模块和节气门控制模块。
TCM17可操作地连接到变速器10，并且其功能在于从多个传感器获取数据并且向变速器提供指令信号。从TCM17到HCP5的输入包括用于离合器C1、C2、C3和C4的估计离合器转矩和输出轴64的转速NO。可使用其它致动器和传感器从TCM向HCP提供其它信息用于控制目的。TCM17监控来自压力开关的输入，并且选择性地致动压力控制螺线管并且切换螺线管以致动各离合器从而获得不同的变速器操作模式，下文将进行描述。
BPCM21与一个或多个可操作以监控ESD74的电流或电压参数信号相连，从而向HCP5提供关于电池状态的信息。这些信息包括电池充电状态、电池电压和可用电池能量。
变速器动力转换模块(TPIM)19包括前面提及的动力转换器和电机控制模块，所述电机控制模块被配置以接收电机控制指令并且由此控制转换器状态从而提供电机驱动或再生功能。TPIM19可操作以基于来自HCP5的输入产生用于MG-A 56和MG-B 72的转矩指令，其通过UI13由驾驶员和***运行参数驱动。用于MG-A和MG-B的电机转矩指令由包括TPIM19的控制***执行以控制MG-A和MG-B。用于MG-A和MG-B的单独的电机信号通过TPIM19得自于电机相位信息或传统的转动传感器。TPIM19确定并向HCP5传递电机速度。电能存储装置74通过直流线27以高压直流的方式与TPIM19连接。根据ESD74被充电或者放电，电流可以传输到TPIM19或者从TPIM19传出。
每个前述控制模块优选是通用数字计算机，通常包括微处理器或中央处理单元、包括只读存储器(ROM)和随机存取存储器(RAM)的存储介质、电可编程只读存储器(EPROM)、高速时钟、模数转换(A/D)和数模转换(D/A)电路、输入/输出电路和装置(I/O)以及适当的信号调节和缓冲电路。每个控制模块具有一组控制算法，包括常驻程序指令和校准，这些信息存储在ROM中，并且被执行以提供每个计算机的各功能。不同计算机之间的信息传递优选使用前述的LAN6实现。
在每个控制模块中的用于控制和状态评估的算法通常在预置循环期间执行，从而使得每个循环中每个算法被执行至少一次。存储在非易失性存储装置中的算法由中央处理单元中的一个执行，并且可操作以监控来自传感装置的输入，以及使用预置校准执行控制和诊断以控制各装置的操作。循环通常以规则的间隔被执行，例如在正在进行的发动机和车辆操作过程中每3.125、6.25、12.5、25和100毫秒执行一次。可替代地，算法也可相应与事件的发生而执行。
响应于例如由UI13捕捉到的驾驶员的动作，监督的HCP控制模块5和一个或多个其它控制模块确定轴64处所需的输出转矩，也称为驾驶员转矩需求。变速器10的选择性操作的部件被适当控制和操作以响应于驾驶员命令。例如，在图1和2中描述的示例性实施方式中，当驾驶员已经选择了前进驱动范围并且操纵加速踏板或制动踏板时，HCP5确定输出转矩，该输出转矩影响车辆加速或减速的方式以及时间。最终的车辆加速度由其他因素影响，例如道路负荷、道路坡度和车重。HCP5监控转矩产生装置的参数状态，并且确定所需要以达到理想转矩输出的变速器输出。在HCP5的指导下，变速器10在从慢到快的一个范围内运行从而满足驾驶员需求。
示例的双模式、复合分离、电机械变速器以多个固定速比模式和无级变速操作模式运行，参考图1和下面的表1进行描述。表1
Figure GSB00000361094200061
Figure GSB00000361094200071
表中描述的各种变速器操作模式指出了与每种操作模式对应的离合器C1、C2、C3和C4中的特定离合器接合或者被致动情况。此外，在各种离合器操作模式中，MG-A和MG-B每个都可以操作作为电机以产生动力转矩，或者作为发电机来产生电能。当离合器C170被致动从而“固定”第三行星齿轮组28的外齿轮元件时，第一模式或传动机构被选择。当离合器C170被释放并且离合器C262被致动从而将轴60连接到第三行星齿轮组28的行星架上时，第二模式或传动机构被选择。当电机械56、72运行作为电机和发电机时，其他在本发明范围之外的因素本文中不讨论。
主要在图2中描述的控制***可操作以在每种操作模式内在轴64处提供从相对较慢到相对较快的变速器输出速度范围。每种模式中的具有慢到快输出速度范围的两种模式的组合，使得变速器10推动车辆从静止状态到高速，并且满足各种其他前述的需求。此外，控制***配合变速器10的操作从而使得在模式之间实现同步换挡。
第一和第二操作模式涉及变速器功能由一个离合器，即，离合器C162或C270控制的情况，这种情况可以称为无级变速模式。下面将描述一定的操作范围，其中通过应用附加的离合器获得固定速比模式。该附加的离合器可以是离合器C373或C475，如上表中所示。
当附加离合器被应用时，获得变速器的输入比输出速度的固定比率操作，即NI/NO。机械MG-A和MG-B 56、72的转动依赖于由离合作用确定的机械的内部转动，并且与轴12处测得的输入速度成比例。机械MG-A和MG-B起到电机或发电机的作用。它们完全独立于发动机输出功率流，由此使得两者同时作为电机、或者发电机或它们的其他组合。这使得，例如，在固定速比模式I中，轴64处的来自变速器的动力功率由来自发动机和MG-A和MG-B的能量通过从ESD74接收能量经由行星齿轮组28提供。
参考附图3，显示了示意图，对控制示例性变速器中的液压流体流的示例性电液***提供了更加详细的描述。由发动机10的输入轴驱动的主液压泵88和由TPIM19可操作地电动控制的辅助泵110通过阀140向液压回路42提供加压流体。辅助泵110优选包括电动泵，该泵具有合适的尺寸和容量以便在运行时提供足够的加压流体进入液压***。加压流体流入电液控制回路42，该回路42可操作以选择性地分配液压到多个装置，包括转矩传递离合器C170、C262、C373和C475，机械A和B的冷却回路，以及通过通道142、144(未描述细节)用于冷却和润滑变速器10的回路。如前所述，通过液压回路流动控制装置包括压力控制螺线管(“PCS”)PCS1108、PCS2112、PCS3114、PCS4116和螺线管控制流动管理阀X-阀119和Y-阀121的选择性致动，TCM17优选可操作以致动各离合器以获得各种变速器操作模式。所述回路分别经由通道124、122、126和128与压力开关PS1、PS2、PS3和PS4流体连接。压力控制螺线管PCS1108具有中间和高的控制位置，并且可操作以在液压回路中通过与阀109的流体间的相互作用提供流体压力的调节。压力控制螺线管PCS2112具有中间和低的控制位置，并且与随动阀113流体连接并且可操作以便当被致动时实现流体从中流过。随动阀113经由通道126与压力开关PS3流体连接。压力控制螺线管PCS3114具有中间和高的控制位置，并且与随动阀115流体连接，并且在被致动时可操作以实现流体从中流过。随动阀115经由通道124与压力开关PS1流体连接。压力控制螺线管PCS4116具有中间和低的控制位置，并且与随动阀117流体连接，并且在被致动时可操作以实现流体从中流过。随动阀117经由通道128与压力开关PS4流体连接。
在示例的***中，X-阀119和Y-阀121每个包括分别由螺线管118、120控制的流动管理阀，并且具有受控的高(“1”)和低(“0”)运行状态。每个阀的受控运行状态参考位置使得流动控制到达液压回路42和变速器10中的不同流动控制装置。如下文中将要描述的，根据流体输入源，X-阀119可操作以分别经由流体通道136、138、144和142引导加压流体到达离合器C3和C4以及MG-A和MG-B的定子的冷却***。如下文中将要描述的，根据流体输入源，Y-阀121经由通道122与PS2流体连接，并且可操作以分别经由通道132和134引导加压流体到离合器C1和C2。示例性电液控制回路42的更加详细的描述在一同提交的名称为“A Multiplexed Pressure Switch System for an ElectricallyVariable Hybrid Transmission”的美国专利申请No.11/263216(代理所编号No.GP306089)中提供，上述文献以引用的方式结合在此。
参考下表2，提供完成示例性电液控制回路42的控制的示例性逻辑表。表2
参考表1和2，低范围操作状态包括离合器C2、C1和C4的选择性致动，促使在无级变速模式I和固定档位GR1、GR2和GR3中的任意一个下运行。高范围操作状态包括离合器C2、C3和C4的选择性致动，促使在无级变速模式II和固定档位GR3和GR4中的任意一个下运行。应当可以意识到，模式I和模式II的无级变速操作范围可以重叠。
参考下表3，对应于各种变速器操作模式，提供包括示例性电液控制回路42中的压力开关的理想信号输出状态的表。每个压力开关PS1、PS2、PS3和PS4具有液压输出状态0＝关(Off)以及1＝开(On)，其中状态转换发生在与液压回路相适应的边界。在该实施方式中，状态转换优选发生在约140kPa(50psi)，当监控到的液压低于140kPa时意味着每个压力开关的输出状态是“0”或者关，当监控到的液压高于140kPa时，每个压力开关的输出状态为“1”或者开。“LM”表示PCS1被使用用于管线压力调节。表3X阀和Y阀的选择性控制以及螺线管PCS2、PCS3和PCS4的致动便于液压流体流动以致动离合器C1、C2、C3和C4，并且为MG-A和MG-B的定子提供冷却。【0036】在操作中，由于动力系的各种运行特性，示例性变速器中发生切换。驾驶员转矩需求可能存在改变。这种需求通常如上所述通过输入到达UI13而进行通信。此外，输出转矩需求中的变化可以基于外部条件的变化建立，例如，道路坡度、道路表面条件、或风载的改变。换档改变可以基于由控制模块引起的动力系转矩需求中的变化建立，所述控制模块发出指令在电能产生模式和转矩产生模式之间改变电机械中的一个。换档改变可以基于优化算法或程序中的变化而建立，所述优化算法或程序可基于驾驶员对于动力、充电的电池状态、和发动机14以及MG-A和MG-B56、72的需求操作从而确定最优***效率。控制***基于所执行的最优程序的结果管理来自发动机14和MG-A以及MG-B56、72的转矩输入，并且在***优化中可以存在变化，其迫使换档改变从而达到最优***效率以便提高燃油经济性并且管理电池充电。此外，换档改变可以基于部件或***中的故障而建立。分布式控制模块构造用于确定在变速器操作模式中的变化需求，并且执行放弃以实现变速器操作中的变化。示例性***中的换档变化包括三种可能情况中的至少一种。可以从一个固定档位向第二固定档位切换。可以从固定档位向无级变速模式切换。也可以从无级变速模式中的一个向固定档位切换。
此处描述的发明在参考附图1-3描述的示例性***中被执行，其中优选操作模式有控制***确定，并且根据表1特定的离合器被致动从而获得优选操作模式。电液回路根据表2被控制从而致动所述特定的离合器。压力开关PS1、PS2、PS3和PS4的期望输出状态根据表3被监控。如3中所详细示出，如在一段时间过后所确定的那样，当压力监控装置中的一个的信号输出不与压力监控装置的期望信号输出相符时，确认液压回路流动控制装置中的一个存在故障。
采取示例的方式，当示例性变速器以GR1运行时，离合器C1和C4被致动。在这种情况下，X阀螺线管118被指令为高状态，或“1”，Y阀螺线管120被指令为低状态，或“0”，PCS2螺线管112被指令为关，PCS3螺线管114被指令为开，并且PCS4螺线管116被指令为开。压力开关的输出状态为PS1＝1，PS2＝0，PS3＝0并且PS4＝1。在本例中，在1秒过去之后，当压力开关的输出状态中的任意一个不与期望状态相符时，即下述任意一个为真时：PS1＝0，PS2＝1，PS3＝1或者PS4＝0时，液压回路中确认存在故障。通过查看表1、2和3其他例子变得明晰。
在换档或车辆发动的过程中，故障可在与离合器致动事件、离合器消除致动事件或离合器打滑事件相关的电液控制回路中被识别。在离合器致动事件过程中，当压力开关的输出状态中的任意一种在约150毫秒的时间过去之后不与理想状态相匹配时，在液压回路中故障优选被识别。在离合器消除致动事件过程中，当压力开关的输出状态中的任意一种在约1秒的时间过去之后不与理想状态相匹配时，在液压回路中故障优选被识别。在离合器打滑事件过程中，当压力开关的输出状态中的任意一种在约2秒的时间过去之后不与理想状态相匹配时，在液压回路中故障优选被识别。
故障可包括，例如，控制***中的故障，将液压回路的装置连接到控制***的线束中的故障，压力开关中的一个内的故障，以及压力控制螺线管和流动管理阀中的一个内的故障。
在电液控制回路中识别故障优选包括当压力监控装置中的一个的信号输出不与期望的信号输出相符时，将液压回路装置中的一个的故障位置分离。这有利于探测故障从而有效地进行后续操作以及***维护。
识别以及分离故障的方法的一个实例包括一种情况，其中变速器以固定档位模式运行，并且信号被发送以通过选择性地使压力开关螺线管中的一个消除致动从而使即将退出工作的离合器消除致动，例如从固定档位GR1转换到无级变速模式I。液压回路元件被改变从而使离合器C4消除致动，并且压力开关的输出随后被监控。在该例中，压力开关的输出可以从PS1/PS2/PS3/PS4＝1/0/0/1改变为PS1/PS2/PS3/PS4＝1/0/0/0。当以第一固定档位GR1运行时，如果压力开关的输出保持不变，通过将输入速度NI与输出速度乘以固定档位齿轮比，例如NO＊GR1，控制***可操作以监控即将退出工作的离合器的滑动。当在1秒的时间过去之后，即将退出工作的离合器的滑动没有超出最小阈值，例如约300RPM并且基于允许的测量误差时，与选择性消除致动的压力控制螺线管，在本例中是用于离合器C4的PCS4，相关的故障被识别。当即将脱离工作的离合器的滑动在一段时间过后超出最小阈值时，与压力监控装置相关的故障被识别。
当在电液控制回路中故障被识别时，控制***可以指令变速器的操作进入约束操作模式，包括在两种无级变速模式中的一种下操作。所述故障随后可通过进一步的动作被校验。然后控制***优选将所述故障通知车辆驾驶员，包括点亮车辆仪表板上的指示灯。
应当理解在本发明的范围内，变速器硬件改变是允许的。本发明参考特定的优选实施方式及其改进进行描述。在阅读和理解说明书的基础上，其他人可进行进一步的改进和变更。对于在本发明范围内的所有这些改进和变更都被包括在本申请中。

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1.一种识别转矩传递装置的液压回路中的故障的方法，通过选择性地致动多个转矩传递离合器，所述转矩传递装置可选择在多种操作模式之一下操作，所述多种操作模式包括固定档位模式和两个无级变速模式，该方法包括：
控制液压回路的多个流动控制装置；
监控液压回路中的多个压力监控装置；以及
当监控到的来自压力监控装置中的任意一个的信号输出在一段时间过去之后不与期望的压力监控装置的信号输出相符时，识别在液压回路中存在故障，
其中，识别在液压控制回路中存在故障的过程还包括隔离该故障，包括：
选择性地使流动控制装置中的一个消除致动；
监控即将脱离工作的离合器的滑动；
当即将脱离工作的离合器的滑动未超过最小阈值时，识别存在与选择性地消除致动的流动控制装置相关的故障；以及
当即将脱离工作的离合器的滑动超过最小阈值时，识别存在与压力监控装置相关的故障。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，控制多个液压回路的流动控制装置还包括以下步骤之一：选择性地致动流动控制装置中的一个，和选择性地使流动控制装置中的一个消除致动。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，选择性致动流动控制装置中的一个的过程使得即将进入工作的转矩传递离合器致动。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，选择性地使流动控制装置中的一个消除致动的过程使即将脱离工作的离合器消除致动。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：
选择性地致动流动控制装置中的一个，从而实现转矩传递离合器中的一个的致动；以及
当监控到的压力监控装置中的一个的信号输出在约150毫秒的时间段过去后不与期望的信号输出相符时，识别在液压控制回路中存在故障。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：
选择性地使流动控制装置中的一个消除致动从而实现转矩传递离合器中的一个的消除致动；以及
当监控到的压力监控装置中的一个的信号输出在约1秒的时间段过去后不与期望的信号输出相符时，识别在液压控制回路中存在故障。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：当识别出在液压控制回路中存在故障时，指令转矩传递装置的操作进入约束操作模式。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述约束操作模式包括两种无级变速操作模式中的一种。
9.一种变速器，其可操作以从多个转矩产生装置传递转矩，包括：
多个转矩传递离合器；
液压控制回路，包括：多个流动控制装置，其可有效地选择性致动转矩传递离合器从而操作变速器进入多种操作模式中的一种，所述多种操作模式包括固定齿轮比模式和两个无级变速模式；多个压力监控装置；以及
控制***：
适于控制液压控制回路的流动控制装置；以及
适于执行内嵌的计算机程序以实现对流动控制装置的监控，所述计算机程序包括：
监控压力监控装置的信号输出的代码；
当监控到的任一压力监控装置的信号输出在一段时间过去后不与压力监控装置的期望信号输出相符时，确认在液压控制回路中存在故障的代码，
其中，所述确认在液压控制回路中存在故障的代码还包括隔离该故障的代码，包括：
通过选择性使第一、第二和第三压力控制螺线管以及第一和第二流动管理阀中的一个消除致动，使即将退出工作的离合器消除致动的代码；
监控即将退出工作的离合器的滑动的代码；
当即将退出工作的离合器的滑动超过最小阈值时，识别存在与选择性消除致动的压力控制螺线管相关的故障的代码；
当即将退出工作的离合器的滑动未超过最小阈值时，识别存在与压力开关装置相关的故障的代码。
10.如权利要求9所述的变速器，其中，液压控制回路的流动控制装置包括第一、第二和第三压力控制螺线管以及第一和第二流动管理阀。
11.如权利要求9所述的变速器，其中，所述压力监控装置包括第一、第二、第三和第四压力开关装置。
12.如权利要求11所述的变速器，进一步包括，当第三压力开关装置的信号输出不与期望的信号输出相符时，识别与第一压力控制螺线管相关的故障的代码。
13.如权利要求11所述的变速器，进一步包括，当第一压力开关装置的信号输出不与期望的信号输出相符时，识别与第二压力控制螺线管相关的故障的代码。
14.如权利要求11所述的变速器，进一步包括，当第四压力开关装置的信号输出不与期望的信号输出相符时，识别与第三压力控制螺线管相关的故障的代码。
15.如权利要求11所述的变速器，进一步包括，当第一流动管理阀被指令从第一位置到第二位置时，当第三和第四压力开关装置的任意一个信号输出未能改变输出状态时，识别与第一流动管理阀相关的故障的代码。
16.如权利要求11所述的变速器，进一步包括，当第一流动管理阀被指令位于第一位置或第二位置时，当第二压力开关装置的信号输出不与期望信号输出相符时，识别与第二流动管理阀相关的故障的代码。
17.如权利要求9所述的变速器，进一步包括，当识别出在液压控制回路中存在故障时，适于指令变速器的操作进入约束操作的控制***。
18.如权利要求17所述的变速器，其中，约束操作模式包括两种无级变速操作模式中的一种。
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