CN101213401A - Lighting system, light control member used therefor, and image display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a purpose to provide a lighting device which is easy to respond to an increase in size, luminance non-uniformity in front direction is eliminated without a precise alignment between light sources and other members and is advantageous for improvement of productivity and thinner shape. Suppose that a distance between centers of linear light sources is D and a distance between the linear light sources and a light control member is H and a function representing an outgoing light intensity toward a normal direction at a position coordinate X (light source position shall be X=0) and f(X-D)+f(X)+f(X+D), in a range of - D/2 -X -D/2, a ratio between g(X) min and g(X) max is 0.6 or more, a minimum value X min is in a range of -3.0D X min -0.5D, a maximum value X max is in a range of 0.5 X max 3.0D and a cross-sectional shape of a given convex portion in X direction is formed of areas with (2N+1) number of different gradients represented by a certain relationship which is obtained from D, H and X.

Description

Lighting device and the image display device that is used for the light control member of this lighting device and uses these devices

Technical field

The present invention relates to the lighting device that constitutes by a plurality of linear light sources and used the image display device of this device, particularly can suitably be used in large-scale and require the lighting device and the image display device such as lighting display device, LCD device of high brightness and brightness uniformity.

Background technology

If the lighting device with device used for image display is an example, then can list the light of light source that will be configured in the side of LGP and carry out the edge light mode of homogenising and at the rear side configuration light source of illuminated area and light is carried out the straight mode down of homogenising with light diffusing sheet to frontal guiding and with diffusion sheet with LGP.

Straight mode is owing to have light source at the back side of device down, and therefore the tendency that has thickness to increase thus, requires in the slim field at mobile phone or notebook computer etc., and possessing the comparatively favourable edge light mode of light source at side becomes main flow.

On the other hand, in recent years, be the center with the market of TV or computer monitor etc., the maximization of display and the requirement of high brightnessization are improved constantly.Particularly, along with the maximization of display, in described edge light mode,, therefore can't obtain sufficient brightness because the ratio of the relative display area of length of the periphery of configurable light source reduces and deficiency in light quantity.

At this, propose following method: the film that proposes a plurality ofly to be used to improve brightness is configured in area source, makes the utilization ratio raising (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1) of light.

But brightness improves film and is associated with the cost increase, and employed film quantity increases, and therefore considers from the viewpoint of productivity or slimming, and is not talkative necessarily favourable.In addition, in edge light mode,, also exist the weight of LGP to increase this problem along with the maximization of display.Like this, in edge light mode, corresponding to the requirement in this market of the maximization of in recent years display, the high brightnessization difficulty that becomes.

Therefore, use the straight mode down of a plurality of light sources to receive publicity.One example of the lighting device of this mode has been shown among Figure 15.In this embodiment, lighting device has the exit facet of the rectangle that is made of directions X and the Y direction vertical with directions X, have a plurality of linear light sources 1, light diffusing sheet 5, reflecting plate 4, described linear light source 1 is configured in the imaginary plane that is parallel to directions X and Y direction, and, this linear light source 1 disposes in the length direction mode parallel with the Y direction, and equally spaced arrange along directions X, described light diffusing sheet 5 is configured in the exit facet side of the linear light source 1 of described arrangement, and, interarea is parallel with the described imaginary plane that is arranged with linear light source 1, described reflecting plate 4 is positioned at the opposition side of described light diffusing sheet 5 and the linear light source 1 of the described arrangement of clamping, and the interarea of this reflecting plate 4 is parallel with the described imaginary plane that is arranged with linear light source.In addition, light diffusing sheet 5 disperses photodiffusion material usually equably, therefore has uniform optical property in interarea.

The rectangle exit facet generally is used for a lot of purposes of this lighting device of image display device, illumination signboard etc. more.Directly descend mode for this, higher from the ratio of the light beam of the i.e. radiation of self-luminous face in the light beam of light source radiation of utilization rate of the light of light source radiation, and, the quantity of light source is optionally increased.That is, because light quantity is optionally increased, therefore, obtain desired high brightness easily, in addition, do not have the brightness reduction that caused by maximizing or the reduction of brightness uniformity.And,, therefore can seek lightweight owing to do not need to make the LGP of light towards the front.

In addition, linear light source is compared with point source of light, can eliminate brightness disproportionation easily, and wiring is shortened, and therefore the light source as these lighting devices is the most general.As linear light source, use cold-cathode tube etc. more.In addition, linear light source uses the light source of same type to help producing usually, and also favourable to brightness uniformity, but, in this case, in order to cut down the radical of linear light source, preferably linear light source is arranged on the direction parallel with the long limit of the rectangle of exit facet.In addition, in same level, equally spaced dispose linear light source, thus, become periodic problem, therefore eliminate brightness disproportionation in the diffuser plate that in interarea, has uniform optical property and become and be easy to the configuration of linear light source as the brightness disproportionation of technical problem.Reflecting plate not necessarily, still, because of have from linear light source and light diffusing sheet will with penetrate the function that light that direction radiates on the contrary reflex to exiting side, utilize as emergent light once again, comparatively favourable aspect the utilization ratio that improves light.

In addition, for straight mode down, because promptly the ratio from the light beam of exit facet radiation in the light beam of light source radiation is higher from the utilization ratio of the light of light source radiation, and, the light source number freely is increased, so can obtain desired high brightness easily.And, owing to do not need therefore the positive LGP of light guiding can be sought lightweight.

In addition, for example simple in structure and do not use brightness to improve the film etc. of usefulness in illumination signboard etc. as other the example of lighting device, thus can obtain high brightness easily, therefore, use the straight mode down of a plurality of light sources to become main flow.

Directly descend the representational structure example of the lighting device of mode as these, known following structure: will with the frontal that is defined as perpendicular to the parallel direction of the Z direction on XY plane as main light direction, this XY plane is parallel with the Y direction perpendicular to this directions X with directions X, it has a plurality of light sources at least, reflecting plate, to arrive the light diffusing sheet of bright dipping side from the light transmission of described light source and described reflecting plate, described reflecting plate, light source, light diffusing sheet along described Z direction towards the bright dipping side with reflecting plate, light source, the light diffusing sheet arranged in order, be arranged in to described light source systematicness with the parallel plane imaginary plane of described XY in, the periphery of the interarea of described reflecting plate and described light diffusing sheet is the rectangle that is parallel to described XY plane.In this structure, diffuser plate has the function of the brightness disproportionation of eliminating linear light source, and reflecting plate has to make to the light that the direction opposite with the light direction of destination advanced and turns back to function on the diffuser plate of bright dipping side.

Light source as this lighting device, compare with the point source of light of LED etc., mostly use that brightness disproportionation is less, the light source number of packages is also less and wiring also is easy to linear light source, these linear light sources are parallel and equally spaced arrange along described directions X or Y direction.

But, in straight mode down, must solve the eliminating of light mirage phantom, slimming, energy-conservation this distinctive technical problem.Particularly, in the purposes of observing illuminated areas such as image display device or illumination signboard, not only to eliminate the light mirage phantom, and require the brightness uniformity in the face.And, as main bodys such as TV or computer monitors, to observe in the purposes of illuminated area from frontal, the front face brightness uniformity in the face is the most important.Because the light mirage phantom presents more significant brightness disproportionation more than edge light mode, therefore eliminate relatively more difficult with the method that photodiffusion material is coated in diffusion film on the existing employed film surface of edge light mode etc.And, require to reduce the radical of light source, higher high brightnessization, the adjusting of viewing angle characteristic etc., how more effectively to utilize the light of light source to become a problem.

Therefore, photodiffusion material is distributed in the matrix material resin and the light diffusing sheet that forms is adopted widely, the side front face side that disposes the light source of reflecting plate is provided with light diffusing sheet overleaf.Used the straight example of mode display unit down of light diffusing sheet, as use Figure 15 is illustrated.In order to obtain good diffusivity and light utilization ratio; for metering system is the matrix material resin of resin, polycarbonate-based resin, phenylethylene resin series, vinyl chloride-based resin etc.; various photodiffusion materials (for example, with reference to patent documentation 2) such as inorganic particles open to discussion or crosslinked organic fine particles.But, in using the method for these photodiffusion materials, because at the absorption of the light of photodiffusion material or to the diffusion of the light of unwanted direction, not preferred from energy-conservation viewpoint.In addition, closely dispose a plurality of light sources, thus, can alleviate the light mirage phantom, but the problem that exists power consumption to increase.

Therefore, light mode in edge can adopt equally to use described brightness to improve the method that film improves front face brightness.This be with bright dipping optically focused to frontal, to improve as the desired front face brightness of lighting device usually, thus, the utilization ratio of raising light.Be used a plurality of brightness and improve film, thus, can further improve front face brightness, at this moment, change angle and be configured, thus, for example can realize the optically focused of all directions of directions X and Y direction, cost improves and the quantity of employed film increases but edge light mode is similarly owing to being related to, and is therefore not talkative necessarily favourable from the viewpoint of productivity or slimming.

On the other hand, also propose to make reflecting plate to have unique shape to eliminate the method (for example, with reference to patent documentation 3) of light mirage phantom.But, need the shape of reflecting plate and the contraposition of light source, consider not preferred because the shape of reflecting plate has hindered the situation of slimming etc.

And, the method that also proposes with light source the reflectivity member to be set opposed to each other (for example, with reference to patent documentation 4) and the method etc. that for example sets the radiation direction conversion element as Fresnel lens according to each light source is (for example, with reference to patent documentation 5), but need the correct contraposition of member and light source equally, so, produce the such problem of productivity difference.

In addition, propose the surface and have concavo-convex light diffusing sheet (for example, with reference to patent documentation 6).Because these light diffusing sheets can be avoided the use of photodiffusion material or reduce, and obtain desirable diffusivity, therefore, can improve the utilization ratio of light.But, owing to, therefore be difficult to carry out the tight adjustment of brightness disproportionation not about the detailed discussion of concaveconvex shape.Equally also be difficult to obtain the uniformity of the front face brightness in the exit facet.

In addition, thus the shape that also proposes to make reflecting plate have the uniqueness parallel with linear light source is eliminated the method (for example, with reference to patent documentation 7) of light mirage phantom.But, in the case, need the shape of reflecting plate and the correct contraposition of linear light source.This kind situation not only causes the reduction of the production efficiency brought by contraposition, and under the different situations, also needs to change the shape of reflecting plate according to design alteration or specification difference in the light source configuration, does not therefore do preferred.In addition, cutting out in the so productive method of desirable size at the figuration sheet that improves by standard-sized sheet paper, can be related to the qualification of severing position or the reduction of yield yet, is not preferred therefore.

In addition, the less prismatic lens of light loss (for example, with reference to patent documentation 8) is also proposed.This is that to form section on the two sides of sheet be triangle or ripple type and a plurality of protuberances of extending continuously along a direction.But, the purpose of these prismatic lenses be by make diffused light towards the front to reduce light loss, therefore can't eliminate the light mirage phantom that in straight mode down, produces.

In large-scale lighting device, compare with mobile phone or notebook computer etc., because not strict, therefore, can wait corresponding with the sheet number that shortens the distance between light source and the light diffusing sheet or cut down optical thin film about the requirement of slimming.In addition, in order to realize the energy-conservation utilization ratio that needs to improve light.For straight mode down, as mentioned above,, obtain high brightness easily though can increase the radical of linear light source, still,, must suppress the reduction of the utilization ratio of light by using a large amount of photodiffusion materials for eliminating the light mirage phantom from energy-conservation viewpoint.

For the light diffusing sheet that utilizes prior art, it is the simple light diffusion way of in the transparent base material resin, sneaking into the photodiffusion material particulate utilizing extrusion molding or jet forming method, as its optical property, (light source see through image retention image) is though there is the problem of the control difficulty at visual angle in the true grade of using with regard to brightness disproportionation.In addition, bad for the dispersion that prevents the photodiffusion material particulate, need to discuss condition of molding, consequently, improve productivity and become difficult.

Patent documentation 1 spy opens flat 2-17 communique

Patent documentation 2 spies open clear 54-155244 communique

No. 2852424 communiques of patent documentation 3 special permissions

Patent documentation 4 spies open the 2000-338895 communique

Patent documentation 5 spies open the 2002-352611 communique

Patent documentation 6 spies open flat 10-123307 communique

Patent documentation 7 spies open flat 1-169482 communique

No. the 3455884th, patent documentation 8 special permissions

Summary of the invention

In the present invention, the image display device that purpose is to provide a kind of lighting device and uses this lighting device, the utilization ratio of high brightness, light is higher, and the change or brightness reduction or the brightness disproportionation condition of enlarged that do not have the optical design of the light control member that accompanies with maximization, so, reply to maximization is easy, need not carry out the tight contraposition of light source and other member, just can eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal, to make light source and other members near or that membrane structure such as is simplified at such productivity or slimming aspect is also favourable.In addition, its another purpose is to provide a kind of according to the higher lighting device of purpose front face brightness, the image display device that possesses the light control member of this lighting device and use this lighting device.

At this, the technology of the present invention person find that the light control member that oneself is proposed is replaced the straight light diffusing sheet of the lighting device of mode down as illustrative among Figure 15, thereby can solve described technical problem.For described technical problem, among the present invention, realize avoiding the utilization of photodiffusion material or significantly reduction on the exit facet of light control member with the protuberance that suitable shape is set, the utilization ratio of light is improved, thereby can realize high brightnessization.In addition, make the identical characteristic that has as the light direction that can control incident light in the same manner of having a few on the plane of incidence of light control member, thus, not only help dimension modifying, nor need with the contraposition of light source.In addition, it is fixing making towards the light intensity distributions that goes out of frontal, thereby can eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal.And, utilize the function of the plyability of brightness disproportionation elimination that light control member has, brightness raising etc., the utilization that can eliminate or cut down other functional optical film, thus also favourable to productivity or slimming etc.And, improve the bright dipping ratio of light control member at frontal, thus, also can improve positive intensity.In addition, at the bright dipping side configuration infiltration type display element of these lighting devices, thereby can obtain image display device.At this, so-called frontal is meant that the normal direction with the interarea of light control member is the small solid angle at center.

That is, be a kind of lighting device in order to the present invention who solve the technical problem, have by directions X and the rectangle exit facet that constituted perpendicular to the Y direction of directions X,

Possess reflecting plate, a plurality of linear light source, reach tabular light control member,

Described reflecting plate and described directions X and Y direction dispose abreast,

Described linear light source is configured in the imaginary plane of the described directions X of the exit facet side that is parallel to described reflecting plate and Y direction,

And this linear light source disposes in the mode that length direction is parallel to the Y direction, and uniformly-spaced arranges along directions X,

Described light control member is configured in the exit facet side of the linear light source of described arrangement, and interarea is parallel with the imaginary plane of arranging linear light source,

The interarea of this light control member is by opposed with linear light source and receive from the plane of incidence of the light of this linear light source and the exit facet of the light outgoing that the described plane of incidence receives is constituted,

Described exit facet forms the protuberance of a plurality of ridges shape from the teeth outwards,

This protuberance forms abreast with the crest line and the Y direction of the ridge shape that is positioned at the top, and, arrange along directions X,

It is characterized in that:

In the heart distance in the described linear light source is made as D, with the center of described linear light source and the distance of described light control member are made as H arbitrarily, to be made as f (X) from the function that goes out luminous intensity that this linear light source is incident on the position coordinates X (light source position is made as X=0) of expression directions X of light of light control member towards the normal direction of exit facet

During g (X)=f (X-D)+f (X)+f (X+D) (1),

In the scope of-D/2≤X≤D/2, as the minimum of a value g (X) of g (X) _MinAnd as maximum g (X) _MaxRatio g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxBe more than 0.6,

The minimum of a value X of X _Min-3.0D≤X _MinIn the scope of≤-0.5D, maximum X _MaxAt 0.5D≤X _Max(X in the scope of≤3.0D _MinAnd X _MaxThe value that is f (X) is to become the coordinate at 0 o'clock two ends for the essence that decays to the center near the linear light source of X=0),

The section shape of the directions X of protuberance is by constituting with the different zone-N～N of (2N+1) of following formula (2)～(8) expression individual gradient arbitrarily:

δ＝(X _max-X _min)/(2N+1) (2)

X _i＝i×δ (3)

α _i＝Tan- ¹(X _i/H) (4)

β _i＝Sin ^-1((1/n)sinα _i) (5)

γ _i＝Sin ^-1((1/n ₂)sinα _i) (6)

a _i ∝f(X _i+T·tanγ _i)·cosΦ _i·cosβ _i/cos ²α _i/cos(Φ _i-β _i) (7)

Φ _i＝Tan ^-1((n·sinβ _i)/(n·cosβ _i-1)) (8)

Wherein: N: natural number

The integer of i:-N to N

N: the refractive index of the protuberance of light control member

n ₂: the refractive index of the matrix material of light control member

α _i: the width of the directions X of regional i

Φ _i: with respect to the gradient on the inclined-plane of the exit facet of regional i

T: thickness from the plane of incidence of light control member to the protuberance bottom.

In addition, the present invention is described lighting device, it is characterized in that: the zone-N～N of section shape that represents the directions X of described protuberance arranges with the order of the position coordinates of X-axis; In addition, lighting device is characterised in that: the shape the section shape of the directions X of described protuberance is similar to the shape that forms at least one group of two adjacent zones in the different zone of the individual gradient of this protuberance (2N+1) with curve after; In addition, lighting device is characterised in that: in the section of the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to directions X and light control member, becoming 30 degree in the normal direction with respect to exit facet is more than 50% of whole emergent lights with the ratio of the light of the scope outgoing of interior angle.

And, the present invention is described lighting device, it is characterized in that described protuberance is that material more than 1.58 constitutes by refractive index, because the paddy portion that can reduce protuberance, therefore can solve the technical problem of the reduction of the resin fissility when making or production reduction etc. with respect to the formed angle of the interarea of light control member.

In addition, the present invention is the light control member that described lighting device possesses.

And the present invention is a kind of image display device, it is characterized in that: the exit facet side at described lighting device is provided with the infiltration type display element.

Below, unit provided by the present invention is elaborated.

The lighting device that is provided among the present invention, it is lighting device with exit facet of the rectangle that is constituted by directions X and the Y direction vertical with directions X, described lighting device has reflecting plate, a plurality of linear light source, reaches tabular light control member, the performance of this reflecting plate receives from the light of linear light source and reflects and make it be incident to light control member as diffused light, receives from the reverberation of light control member in addition and reflects and make it be incident upon the function of light control member once again as diffused light.In addition, this light control member is the member that is used to eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal.If tabular then device can slimming, can guarantee suitable mechanical strength simultaneously, therefore preferred.If go out the distribution of light intensity almost fixed, then can eliminate brightness disproportionation, thereby obtain the uniformity of brightness.As mentioned above, in the lighting device of having arranged linear light source, going out distribution of light intensity is the summation that distribution of light intensity of each linear light source, if distribute almost fixed on the optional position of sightingpiston side, then can eliminate brightness disproportionation.

For lighting device of the present invention, make at the distribution of light intensity that goes out of frontal and fix, thus the brightness disproportionation of elimination frontal.

For lighting device of the present invention, as described lighting device, described reflecting plate and described directions X and Y direction are configured abreast, described linear light source is configured in the imaginary plane parallel with the described directions X of the exit facet side of described reflecting plate and Y direction, and this linear light source disposes in the length direction mode parallel with the Y direction, and equally spaced arranges along directions X.Described light control member is configured in described exit facet side of having arranged linear light source, and its interarea is parallel with the described imaginary plane of arranging linear light source.

Make interarea parallel with the imaginary plane of arranging linear light source, thus, because the distance to light control member is identical from linear light source, therefore what each linear light source was incident to light control member injects light intensity distributions for evenly, because the distribution of whole incident intensity edge is as the directions X of the orientation of linear light source, the position that becomes with linear light source is periodic distribution, therefore can eliminate brightness disproportionation easily.

The interarea of this light control member is made of from the plane of incidence of the light of linear light source and the exit facet of the light outgoing that the described plane of incidence is received and reception opposed with linear light source.

Described exit facet forms the protuberance of a plurality of ridges shape from the teeth outwards, and this protuberance forms in the crest line mode parallel with the Y direction of the ridge shape that is positioned at the top, and arranges along directions X.In addition, preferably at frontal go out among the distribution of light intensity f (X), as the gradient Φ i of the regional i of the protuberance of the important elements of the shape of decision protuberance and the width α of its shared directions X _i, can select according to the structure of the configuration of linear light source or the refractive index of light control member etc.This protuberance plays the light that is used to control from linear light source, so that emergent light goes out the fixing effect of being distributed as of luminous intensity to frontal.

The crest line and the Y direction of ridge shape that is positioned at the top of protuberance is configured abreast, i.e. this protuberance configuration parallel to each other, the plane of incidence and exit facet as the interarea of light control member, owing to be configured abreast with the imaginary plane that disposes linear light source, therefore but efficient receives light from linear light source at interarea well, thereby can realize the control of the direction of light of the significant directions X of brightness disproportionation.In the lighting device of straight mode down, on the directions X vertical with the length direction of linear light source, brightness disproportionation is the most remarkable, on the other hand, lighting device of the present invention is characterised in that the shape with the protuberance of light control member is made as suitable shape, fix thereby make at the distribution of light intensity that goes out of frontal, to eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal, width at protuberance is on the direction of minimum, its ability is the highest, therefore, the crest line of ridge shape that is positioned at the top of this protuberance is set to parallelly with linear light source promptly be provided with abreast with the Y direction, thereby can eliminate brightness disproportionation effectively.So, also can reduce or avoid becoming the use of the diffusion materials of the reason that the light utilization ratio reduces significantly.

In addition, be arranged in parallel the protuberance of identical shape, the character of the optics of light control member is identical, so do not need contraposition, also can corresponding immediately display sizes or the radical of linear light source or the change of configuration, thus can productivity make lighting device well.Therefore, for example, be cut into arbitrarily size and make light control member disposing, therefore not only help producing, and can easily answer the dimension modifying of illumination apparatus with the position arbitrarily of the large-scale tabular article shaped of formed preferred protuberances such as large-scale extrusion shaper.

Reflect and as the plane of incidence incident of the light of diffused light at reflecting plate from the light of linear light source with from the light of linear light source to light control member.It is characterized in that, incide the light of light control member about this linear light source certainly, with in the heart distance in the described linear light source be made as D, when the distance of the center of described linear light source and described light control member is made as H arbitrarily, make directions X position coordinates X, and be that light source position is that the represented function of X=0 is made as f (X) at the luminous intensity that goes out as the normal direction of the exit facet of frontal

During g (X)=f (X-D)+f (X)+f (X+D) (1),

In the scope of-D/2≤X≤D/2, as the g (X) of the minimum of a value of g (X) _MinAnd as peaked g (X) _MaxRatio g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxBe more than 0.6.

In the lighting device of the present invention, each linear light source is identical.At this, described function g (X) is the summation of the f (X) of adjacent 3 linear light sources.The scope of-D/2≤X≤D/2, it is the scope of linear light source with the intermediate point that arrives each adjacent linear light source at center, when satisfying described condition, can in whole, eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal at the g (X) of relevant adjacent arbitrarily 3 linear light sources.

Because each cycle by linear light source receives light with the same terms, and light control member carries out identical light ejaculation direction control to the light arbitrarily that incides on the plane of incidence, so, for as one-period-scope of D/2≤X≤D/2, control out distribution of light intensity, thus, can control the whole distribution of light intensity that goes out.In addition, according to what narrated, going out distribution of light intensity is the summation that distribution of light intensity of each linear light source, if make the distribution almost fixed in the position arbitrarily of sightingpiston side, then can eliminate brightness disproportionation.Lighting device of the present invention make at frontal go out the distribution of light intensity almost fixed, thereby eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal.

Because it is the light intensity of linear light source is inversely proportional to distance, therefore little from the influence of the light of linear light source far away.Therefore, will only consider that the function g (X) that goes out luminous intensity from 3 approaching linear light sources is located in the suitable scope, thereby can control the distribution of light intensity that goes out, thus, can eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal at frontal.G (X) is set in as minimum of a value g (X) _MinAnd as maximum g (X) _MaxRatio g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxIt is the scope more than 0.6, thereby utilize the effect of reflecting plate, make that actual to go out distribution of light intensity more even, optional position in the sightingpiston side, make the summation almost fixed that goes out distribution of light intensity at frontal of each linear light source, thereby can eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal.

Fig. 9 is that explanation is as the figure that is arranging f (X) Yu the g (X) of the lighting device of the present invention of linear light source in Fig. 7 about the D=30mm shown in the f (X).The position coordinates that will be positioned at the directions X of central linear light source is made as 0, and the distance of directions X (mm) is made as the X coordinate.

And operators of the present invention find to make the evenly protuberance shape of usefulness that is distributed as roughly that goes out luminous intensity at frontal.That is, in the present invention, it is characterized by: the minimum of a value X of X _MinThe minimum of a value X of X _MinScope be-3.0D≤X _Min≤-0.5D, maximum X _MaxScope be 0.5D≤X _Max≤ 3D, the section shape of the directions X of protuberance arbitrarily is by constituting with the different zone-N of following formula (2)～(8) represented (2N+1) individual gradient～N.Wherein, the area 0 gradient is 0, and is promptly parallel with the plane of incidence, the light of injecting under oneself can be penetrated to frontal effectively.

δ＝(X _max-X _min)/(2N+1) (2)

X _i＝i×δ (3)

α _i＝Tan- ¹(X _i/H) (4)

β _i＝Sin ^-1((1/n)sinα _i) (5)

γ _i＝Sin ^-1((1/n ₂)sinα _i) (6)

a _i∝f(X _i+T·tanγ _i)·cosΦ _i·cosβ _i/cosα _i/cos(Φ _i-β _i)(7)

Φ _i＝Tan ^-1((n·sinβ _i)/(n·cosβ _i-1)) (8)

Wherein: N: natural number

The integer of i:-N to N

N: the refractive index of the protuberance of light control member

n ₂: the refractive index of the matrix material of light control member

α _i: the width of the directions X of regional i

Φ _i: with respect to the gradient on the inclined-plane of the exit facet of regional i

T: thickness from the plane of incidence of light control member to the protuberance bottom

At this, the angle of α, β, γ, Φ etc., absolute value is all less than 90 °, and the angle that the dextrorotation of relative datum line is formed just is made as, and the angle of left-handed formation is made as negative.

At first, use Fig. 4 that formula (7) is described.

X _MinAnd X _MaxThe value that is f (X) is to become the coordinate at 0 o'clock two ends for the essence that decays to the center near the linear light source of X=0.If with X _Min～X _MaxBetween when being divided into (2N+1) part with five equilibrium, the width δ of each key element of being cut apart is represented by formula (2).This moment is the centre coordinate X of key element arbitrarily _iRepresent by formula (3).From the linear light source of the position that is in X=0 to coordinate X _iThe incident angle of the plane of incidence of light control member, be by the represented angle [alpha] of formula (4) with respect to the angle of normal direction _i

At this, light is refracted, with respect to normal direction, with the represented angle γ of formula (4) _iEnter light control member inside.When arriving the bottom of protuberance, be refracted once again, with the represented angle beta of formula (5) _iEnter light control member inside, be incident to protuberance 3.At this, the refractive index of the protuberance of light control member and the matrix material that is provided with protuberance also can be identical, in the case, do not reflect in the bottom of protuberance, is β _i=γ _iWherein, only arrive gradient Φ with respect to the exit facet shown in the formula (8) _iThe light on inclined-plane towards frontal.

At this, if with angle Φ _iThe chamfer length of the shared regional i in inclined-plane be made as b _i, will be to the length to the projection of the vertical direction of the radiation direction in the protuberance inside of light control member be made as e from the inclined-plane of regional i _i, then be parallel to the angle on the inclined-plane of the regional i in the section of normal direction of directions X and light control member interarea, the angle ξ that forms with respect to the perpendicular angle of radiation direction of the protuberance inside of light control member _i, be (φ _i-β _i), so, for:

e _i＝b _i·cos(Φ _i-β _i) (9)

At this, if with angle Φ _iThe shared regional i in inclined-plane the plane of incidence with to the length of the projection of parallel face, be that the width of the directions X of regional i is made as α _i, then be

b _i＝α _i/cosΦ _i (10)。

According to formula (9), formula (10), then obtain:

e _i＝α _i/cosΦ _i·cos(Φ _i-β _i) (11)。

At this, as shown in figure 17, if with the width of the directions X of protuberance, be α _iSummation be made as P, then with angle [alpha] _iIncide light control member 2 and inner by light control member and the ratio towards the light of regional i in the light 9 of protuberance 3 is e _i/ (Pcos β _i).

On the other hand, with angle [alpha] _iIncide the average per unit area of light control member light intensity, be illumination, as described later, with cos ²α _iProportional.

In addition, as shown in figure 18, with coordinate X _iPoint on the diameter estimation of light source at interior angle delta α _iWith cos α _iProportional.Therefore, incide coordinate X _iThe light intensity of per unit area unit's angle, with cos ²α _i/ Δ α _iProportional, thus, with cos ²α _i/ cos α _i, be cos α _iProportional.That is, with respect to intensity, at coordinate X=X from light per unit angle of the light of the unit's of being incident to protuberance on the point of X=0 of linear light source _iPoint on the ratio of intensity of per unit angle of light of the unit's of being incident to protuberance be cos α _iTherefore, at the only cos of positive outgoing α _iE _i/ (Pcos β _i), be α according to formula (11) _i/ cos Φ _iCos (Φ _i-β _i) cos α _i/ (Pcos β _i).

For inciding coordinate X _iLight, when the thickness of light control member 2 is T, because at coordinate (X _i+ TTan γ _i) outgoing, therefore, the luminous intensity that goes out at frontal of this moment is f (X _i+ TTan γ _i).

And, at the luminous intensity that goes out luminous intensity and linear light source of frontal and proportional at the outgoing ratio of frontal, therefore,

According to f (X _i+ TTan γ _i) ∝ α _i/ cos Φ _iCos (Φ _i-β _i) cos α _i/ (Pcos β _i) (12),

Be α _i∝ Pf (X _i+ TTan γ _i) cos Φ _iCos β _i/ cos α _i/ cos (Φ _i-β _i) (13).

At this, be made as P as if width, then α with protuberance 3 _iSummation be the width P of protuberance, the institute think:

(formula 1)

$\underset{i=-N}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_i=P---\left(14\right)$

P is a protuberance width and for constant, therefore,

a _i∝f(X _i+T·tanγ _i)·cosΦ _i·cosβ _i/cosα _i/cos(Φ _i-β _i) (7)。

Protuberance be by as satisfy the width α of the relation of formula (7) _iThe shape that regional i constituted.As everyone knows, because ratio dwindles optics and represents to show roughly the same directional property, so, can freely select the spacing of protuberance.

At this, use Fig. 5 explanation at the incident angle of light control member and the relation of incident intensity.

If will be the center to the incidence angle θ of light control member from linear light source, consider minute angle Δ θ, then abundant hour of Δ θ, following formula (15), formula (16) and formula (17) were set up.

U＝H’·Δθ (15)

H’＝H/cosθ (16)

V＝U/cosθ (17)

Therefore, V=H Δ θ/cos ²θ (18).

That is, V and cos ²θ is inversely proportional, thus be under the situation of fixing irrespectively from outgoing light intensity in the Δ θ of linear light source and θ, at the incident light intensity of the per unit area of light control member, be illumination and cos ²θ is proportional.

Secondly, formula (8) is described.

Fig. 6 shows with lighting device of the present invention and makes the principle of light towards the front.

Be incident to refraction on the plane of incidence 6 of incident light 7 at this light control member of light control member 2 that refractive index is n with the angle of α from linear light source, by light control member inside, and this light 9 reflects also outgoing to the sightingpiston side at the protuberance 3 of exit facet side, but, on protuberance 3, gradient is the situation of preferred angle Φ to emergent light 8 to the frontal outgoing at this moment.In the present invention, consider according to the distribution of the α that disposes and the intensity of incident light 7, the ratio of adjusting angle Φ, it is fixing making the luminous intensity that goes out to frontal, thus, can regulate the luminous intensity that goes out to frontal.

Be used to make incident light 7 to decide according to the refractive index of light control member 2 and the angle of injecting at the light of light control member 2 towards the gradient Φ of the protuberance 3 of the exit facet in front.Will with respect to the normal of the plane of incidence 6, be made as α at the angle of the light incident of the plane of incidence 6, to be made as β with respect to the formed angle of the normal of the plane of incidence 6 at the light of the plane of incidence 6 refraction and protuberance 3 parts by light control member inside, the light that to advance in light control member inside is made as ε with respect to the formed angle of the normal on the inclined-plane of exiting side, light reflected on the exiting side inclined-plane and be made as ω with respect to the formed angle of normal on the inclined-plane of the light that penetrates to the sightingpiston side, in addition, the refractive index with light control member is made as n.At this moment, will be Φ as penetrating in the light of exit facet angle to the protuberance inclined-plane of advancing as the frontal of the normal direction of the plane of incidence.

At this moment, following relational expression is set up.

β＝Sin ^-1(1/n·sinα) (5)’

Φ＝β-ε (19)

-n·sinε＝-sinω＝sinΦ (ω＝-Φ) (20)

According to formula (19) and formula (20),

-n·sin(β-Φ)＝sinΦ (21)

-n·{sinΦ·cosβ-cosΦ·sinβ}＝sinΦ (21)’

If with cos Φ come to remove formula (21) ' both sides (because sin Φ/cos Φ=Tan Φ), then

-n{tanΦ·cosβ-sinβ}＝tanΦ (21)”

Thus, Φ can be expressed as follows.

Φ＝Tan ^-1(n·sinβ)/(n·cosβ-1)) (21)

According to formula (5) ' and formula (21) ,

Φ＝Tan ^-1(sinα/(n·cos(Sin ^-1((1/n)sinα))-1))(21)””

α, n, Φ become such relation, and according to the refractive index n of light control member 2, the gradient Φ of protuberance 3, the light that can make required incidence angle α is to the frontal outgoing.According to formula (21) , can illustrate can be with each regional gradient Φ of protuberance _iSatisfy formula (8) and can make with angle [alpha] _iThe light that is incident to the plane of incidence penetrates towards frontal from the regional i of protuberance.

As mentioned above, can select preferably gradient Φ according to the structure of the configuration of linear light source or the refractive index of light control member etc. at the protuberance zone i of the important elements that goes out the conduct decision protuberance shape among the distribution of light intensity f (X) of frontal _iAnd the width α of shared directions X _i

And lighting device of the present invention is as described lighting device, and this lighting device is characterised in that: the zone-N～N of section shape that represents the directions X of described protuberance is according to the order of the coordinate of X and the zone of arranging.Thus, the zone-N～N of section shape of the directions X of the described protuberance of expression is arranged according to the order of the coordinate of X, thereby can control the ejaculation direction of light easily, easy figuration can also be provided and produce and go up favourable lighting device.

At this moment, the section shape of unit protuberance does not have the point of inflection, and protuberance is whole to be convex roughly.If the point of inflection is a lot, then light is in the zone that can arrive before the zone that arrives on the desired protuberance on other protuberance, reflected or reflects, and the direction of light can change, thereby has the situation of the ejaculation direction of restive light.In addition, do not compare with shape with point of inflection owing to do not have the shape of the point of inflection, simple shape, therefore figuration and production are gone up favourable easily.

And, in addition, lighting device of the present invention is as described lighting device, and this lighting device is characterised in that: the section shape of the directions X of described protuberance is similar to the shape that forms at least one group of 2 adjacent zones in the different zone of the individual gradient of this protuberance (2N+1) with curve shape.Protuberance in the structure of described lighting device is that the inclined-plane by (2N+1) individual angle Φ i is constituted, but shows the shape that the shape at least one group of 2 adjacent zones wherein is similar to curve.Thus, preferably with at frontal to go out being distributed as of distribution of light intensity or rising angle more level and smooth.In addition, because easy figuration is therefore preferred more favourable when the making of light control member.And, be not sharp shape and be difficult on damaged this aspect yet preferred at the junction surface in zone.The breakage at this junction surface have light exit direction variation or produce the situation of unnecessary scattering, therefore not preferred.

In addition, lighting device of the present invention is as described lighting device, this lighting device is characterised in that: in the section of the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to directions X and light control member, the normal direction with respect to exit facet become 30 degree with the scope of interior angle in the ratio of light of outgoing, be whole more than 50% of emergent light.For this lighting device, since higher at the bright dipping ratio of frontal, therefore observing on the purposes of illuminated area from frontal based on TV or computer monitor etc., can obtain the good and bright illumination light of efficient.In addition, in the section of the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to directions X and light control member, forming in the scopes of 30 degree with interior angle with the normal direction of exit facet, the ratio of the light of outgoing can be regulated according to the angle on the inclined-plane of the protuberance of adjusting light control member.The angle on the inclined-plane of this protuberance can be by regulating X _Max～X _MinWidth and regulate.

And lighting device of the present invention is as described lighting device, and this lighting device is characterised in that: this protuberance is made of by the material more than 1.58 refractive index.Under the paddy portion angle of inclination of protuberance with respect to the interarea of light control member was very big situation, the angle that forms the ditch top became too small.Therefore, when the cutting of the female mold of using lathe tool, subsiding of ditch top becomes problem.And, in the resin forming step of extrusion molding, ejection formation, 2P moulding, because the reduction of the fissility of resin, so the durability of the reduction of production or mould becomes problem.For these technical problems, making the refractive index of the resin of the protuberance that constitutes light control member is more than 1.58.Thus, the paddy portion of protuberance can be diminished with respect to the interarea angulation of light control member, thereby can solve the technical problem of the reduction of aforesaid resin fissility or the reduction of production etc.

And, lighting device of the present invention is described lighting device, being characterized as of this lighting device: the radiation direction converter section that the conversion radiation direction is set on described light control member, described radiation direction converter section will be changed from 80% to 10% the direction of light that normal direction is incident to the light of the plane of incidence, simultaneously, from described linear light source be incident to the described plane of incidence light arrive the protuberance that is formed on the described exit facet by described radiation direction converter section more than 80%.Under this kind situation, to change from 80% to 10% the direction of light that normal direction is incident to the light of the plane of incidence by the radiation direction converter section, and thus, the radiation direction of proper proportion will be changed, so, can further improve the uniformity of brightness.Particularly, be incident to from described light source the described plane of incidence light arrive described bright dipping control part by described radiation direction converter section more than 80%, thereby can improve effective utilization ratio of light, can control the emergent ray of most of light, so, can realize the brightness height and preferably go out photocontrol.

And, use radiation direction conversion material as the radiation direction converter section in the matrix material portion of light control member, thus, can improve the outgoing uniformity of light.Particularly, constitute 100 Quality Mgmt Dept of matrix material portion of light control member relatively, the radiation direction transition material that contains particle diameter 1～50 μ m of 0.01～1 Quality Mgmt Dept, and the difference of the refractive index of described matrix material portion and described radiation direction transition material is 0.005 to 0.08.Thus, the loss of the light that is caused by the radiation direction transition material can be suppressed to Min., can realize that effective outgoing uniformity of light improves.In addition, described radiation direction converter section is the concaveconvex structure on the described plane of incidence.In such cases, utilize the general forming method of ejection formation etc. can easily make light control member.

And lighting device of the present invention is as described lighting device, and this lighting device is characterised in that: the described plane of incidence forms reflecting member from the teeth outwards, will reflect to light source side from 5～20% of the light of described linear light source.Thus, the use of the photodiffusion material particulate that disperses bad reason be can obviously cut down or avoid becoming, the elimination of brightness disproportionation and the improvement of viewing angle characteristic also can be sought simultaneously.

In the present invention, the described plane of incidence forms reflecting member from the teeth outwards, will reflect to light source side from 5～20% of the light of described linear light source.Thus, configuration covers the reflecting part of the part of the plane of incidence, thus, can improve diffusivity, and eliminates brightness disproportionation with the shape of the protuberance of the exit facet that is provided in tabular component, can control the visual angle simultaneously.

Particularly, utilize the reflecting part on the part that is formed on the plane of incidence, the light from light source can be launched to light source side, and the reflecting plate on the back side that is configured in light source.Arrive the light of the protuberance of exit facet by the plane of incidence and by the inside of tabular component, a part is because total reflection and towards plane of incidence side.If this light arrives the part that does not dispose reflecting part in plane of incidence, then a part reflects, a part then sees through.But,, then do not see through and reflect if arrive the part dispose reflecting part.The aforesaid effect of the plane of incidence of reflecting part is disposed in utilization, and reflection of light is by activate, and consequently, diffusivity improves.Thus, can avoid or obviously cut down the use of photodiffusion material particulate, and, can obtain to be used to eliminate brightness disproportionation and sufficient light diffusing simultaneously.

In addition, in the plane of incidence, penetrate in the light of exit facet side from light source side, fully the ratio of diffused light increases, thereby reduces from the ratio of the direct sunshine of light source.Consequently, the ratio that is incident to the complete diffused light of the plane of incidence is compared with the direct sunshine from light source, relatively increases.At this, be incident under the situation of the tabular component that in plane of incidence plane, has the exit facet protuberance in complete diffused light, optically focused increases, and the result is to find to improve the effect of front face brightness.

And as mentioned above, the reflecting part that is arranged on the plane of incidence is not only and the opposed surface of light source, and preferably also has reflectivity in the inside that contacts with the plane of incidence.This can utilize the evaporation of the higher metal of reflectivity or the method for the applying of Foamex, the printing of reflection paint etc. to realize.

And, described reflecting member is the diffusivity reflectance ink that is coated on the described plane of incidence, execution reflectivity at the incident light of this reflecting member is more than 90%, and, as the part of the described diffusivity reflectance ink of the uncoated of the described plane of incidence, the aperture opening ratio of the ratio of the surface area of this plane of incidence is more than 85%, below 95% relatively.Thus, the use amount of reflectance ink can be suppressed for more a small amount of, and can further improve the light utilization ratio.

And in addition, described reflecting member forms with the reflective graphics printing of striated, for the reflective graphics of this striated, can print effectively.

In addition, the direction of the striped of described reflective graphics printing is parallel with described directions X.In this structure, owing on the exit facet of described light control member, have a plurality of ridges shape protuberance that length direction is parallel to the Y direction, so the light that can control directions X effectively penetrates direction.For example, under situation about directions X being configured to up and down, on a plurality of image display devices, the light of above-below direction that can be effectively that importance is lower is to frontal optically focused, thereby obtains bright image display device effectively.In addition, the length direction of the striped of reflective graphics printing be with perpendicular to the parallel direction of the directions X of described Y direction, thus, can prevent the generation of the ripple between this reflective graphics and the described ridge shape protuberance easily.

And the direction of the striped of described reflective graphics printing is parallel with described Y direction, and, the width of described striped be described exit facet ridge shape protuberance directions X width more than 1/10 and be in 1/5.During this constitutes, owing on the exit facet of described light control member, have the protuberance that length direction is parallel to a plurality of ridges shape of Y direction, so can effectively control the exit direction of directions X.For example, directions X being configured under the situation up and down, in a plurality of image display devices, the light of above-below direction that can be effectively that importance is lower is to frontal optically focused, thus the bright image display device of effective acquisition.In addition, the length direction of the striped of described reflective graphics printing is parallel with the Y direction, and the width of described striped be described exit facet ridge shape protuberance directions X width more than 1/10 and be in 1/5, thereby can prevent the generation of the ripple between this reflective graphics and the described ridge shape protuberance easily.

And described reflective graphics printing is a point-like, and the representative size of point be the interval of the ridge of described exit facet shape protuberance 1/30 to 1/10 in.Thus, described reflective graphics is printed as point-like, thus, optical uniformity can be seen through the plane of incidence well.And, the representative size of point be the interval of the ridge of described exit facet shape protuberance 1/30 to 1/10 in, thereby can prevent the generation of the ripple between this reflective graphics and the described ridge shape protuberance easily.

And lighting device of the present invention is described lighting device, it is characterized in that: described light control member has other protuberances function, different with described protuberance that play the 1st radiation direction control module,

Described protuberance plays the function of the 2nd radiation direction control module with respect to described other protuberance,

Described reflecting plate with respect to linear light source with the opposed side of light-emitting area, be parallel to described directions X and the Y direction is configured,

Described the 1st radiation direction control module is configured in than more close exit facet one side of the imaginary plane that disposes described linear light source, so that on these two of described the 1st radiation direction control module and described the 2nd radiation direction control module, receive light from described light source

Described the 1st radiation direction control module makes the anaclasis that received and optically focused is carried out in the dispersion of the Y direction of light, makes it pass through the exit facet side,

Described the 2nd radiation direction control module reflects the light that is received and reflects, and improves the position uniformity of the X-direction of light, makes it pass through the exit facet side.

The X-axis of face that preferably is parallel to a side of light outgoing forms a plurality of described other protuberances, is more than 30 ° and below 60 ° perpendicular to the X-axis of these other protuberances and the maximum of gradient on inclined-plane of shape that is parallel to the section of Y-axis.Thus, described light control member is made the platy structure thing, thereby can guarantee intensity mechanically, can alleviate the change of optical property that produces with distortion in filminess.

Figure 25 explanation is arranged on the effect of described the 1st radiation direction control module on the light control member.Consideration is in the transmission perpendicular to the light in the face of directions X.

From the light that the face of the Line of light source of the platy structure thing that constitutes described the 1st radiation direction control module is injected, utilize incidence surface refraction, be arranged on the refraction on the protuberance inclined-plane of exit facet side, produce light with the angle outgoing littler of its absolute value than incident angle.That is, can make the shooting angle distribution narrow.Utilize the shape of protuberance, also produce by in the total reflection on protuberance inclined-plane and light is reflexed to once again the situation of light source side.The light of reflection is to utilize the reflecting plate be located at the light source back side to reflect, and incides the 1st radiation direction control module once again and repeat described phenomenon.

The maximum inclination angle on protuberance inclined-plane is preferably between 30 ° to 60 °.If below 30 °, then the light to the frontal refraction reduces, and the optically focused performance reduces, if more than 60 °, then the light to the tilted direction outgoing increases, and similarly the optically focused performance reduces.

And, be more than 10 ° and be below 40 ° perpendicular to the X-axis of described other protuberances and the maximum of gradient on inclined-plane that is parallel to the section shape of Y-axis.At this moment, the interarea of described platy structure thing is made of the plane of incidence with described the 1st radiation direction control module and opposed therewith exit facet.

In Figure 29, the effect of described the 1st radiation direction control module that is located at the light control member is described.Advancing of the light of consideration in the face of normal direction that is parallel to described platy structure thing and Y direction.At this, for ease of explanation, the side just is made as with one of Y direction, the opposing party is made as negative.Among Figure 29, right is just represented, and left is negative to expression.In addition, be the boundary with the top of protuberance W, the zone of positive direction is made as s, the zone of negative direction is made as t.

In the face parallel with the normal direction of described light control member and Y direction, when the normal direction of light control member being carried out incident with positive direction, if incide regional s, then utilize at the refraction action of the face of light incident and with than incident angle more near the angle outgoing of normal direction.If incide another regional t, then with more away from the angle outgoing of normal direction.

The adjustment of the angular distribution of the light by described the 1st radiation direction control module can utilize the shape of adjusting protuberance W to carry out.That is, select suitable shape, thereby the angular distribution of emergent light can be narrowed down.In addition,, then utilize the total reflection on exit facet, light can be reflected to light source side once again if increase at the incident angle of the face side of the light institute incident of platy structure thing.The light utilization that is reflected is located at the reflecting plate at the light source back side and is incident to described light control member once again, and repeats described phenomenon.

Therefore,, form the protuberance W of the ridge shape parallel, the emergent light angular distribution of directions X is narrowed down, can improve the brightness of frontal with the Y direction in the face side of the light incident of described light control member.If the height of protuberance W increases, then the ratio of the regional s when directions X is obliquely observed diminishes, and on the contrary, it is big that the ratio of regional t becomes.That is, if the height of protuberance becomes too high, then light can't optically focused, become to have more broad emergent light and distribute, on the contrary, the brightness of frontal reduction.

The maximum inclination angle on protuberance W inclined-plane is preferably 10 °～40 °.And, more preferably 20 °～30 °.In addition, the top of the section shape of the Y direction of protuberance W preferably is made of curved surface.This be because, if the top of section shape forms with straight line, then be easy to generate shortcoming or avalanche, cause the reduction of exterior quality owing to the bright spot that accompanies with it or stain.

And the section shape of the Y direction of protuberance W is preferably the normal of the interarea of the described light control member by the top line symmetric figure as the center.Thus, because can be, be that the center is formed on symmetrically and is just reaching negative direction with 0 degree direction with the emergent light angular distribution of directions X, so, can obtain the viewing angle characteristic that on positive direction and negative direction, averages out.

In addition, described the 1st radiation direction control module and described the 2nd radiation direction control module can be set on identical tabular works.Thus, the interface between the member with the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module can be eliminated, thereby loss can be reduced by the light that reflection caused at interface.

In addition, described platy structure thing is that transparent thermoplastic resin below 0.5% constitutes by water absorption rate preferably under the atmosphere of 60 ℃ of temperature, humidity 80%.Under this situation, concavo-convex in the formation of platy structure thing surface, thus, on the plane of incidence and exit facet of light, though the surface area difference, still, making the water absorption rate under the described atmosphere is below 0.5%, thus, can reduce the distortion that differential expansion produced that is caused because of suction.

And, lighting device of the present invention is described lighting device, it is characterized in that: possess the projection that contacts with described light control member and keep this light control member, described projection is made of the photopermeability material, the horizontal profile of projection is round-shaped, with the diameter of the contacted projection leading section of light control member be below the 1mm.

If utilize this formation, projection is made of the photopermeability material, the horizontal profile of projection is round-shaped, with the diameter of the contacted projection leading section of light control member be below the 1mm, therefore, even under the situation of having used light control member, also be difficult to see the shade of projection, thereby can provide brightness higher and bright illumination device with higher photopermeability.In this case, ground same as the prior art, therefore the bending that utilizes projection can keep light control member can suppress the distortion or the bending of light control member.

And, lighting device of the present invention is described lighting device, it is characterized in that: described reflecting plate, linear light source, light control member are configured towards the order of described frontal with reflecting plate, linear light source, light control member, the periphery of the interarea of described reflecting plate and described light control member is the rectangle that is parallel to described XY plane, the roughly whole face of the bright dipping side surface of the interarea of described reflecting plate is parallel to described X-axis, and be along the concavity of the rule of described Y-axis with and/or the shape of stripes of convex.Preferred described light control member is to make from described linear light source and to light direction to see through light diffusing sheet from the light of described linear light source and described reflecting plate.

If utilize this structure, control member that this lighting device possessed and reflecting plate have and profile perpendicular to the interarea on the parallel plane rectangle of XY of the frontal of the main light direction of the conduct of lighting device, so, can efficient well to the frontal bright dipping.In addition, roughly whole of the bright dipping side surface of the interarea of reflecting plate is parallel with described X-axis, and be along the concavity of described Y-axis with and/or the shape of stripes of convex, so the rising angle that can control the Y direction of the light that reflecting plate receives distributes.

And described protuberance is by parallel with described Y direction and constitute along the ridge portion of the shape of stripes of a plurality of rules of described directions X.

If utilize this structure, this lighting device has and is parallel to the Y direction and along the ridge portion of a plurality of shape of stripes of described directions X, so, can effectively eliminate the brightness disproportionation of the significant directions X that becomes in the linear light source that similarly is parallel to the configuration of Y direction ground, the rising angle that perhaps can control directions X distributes.

In addition, will be arbitrarily distance between immediate other the linear light source of described linear light source and its be made as D, when the distance of linear light source and described light control member is made as H arbitrarily with this, in the section that is parallel to the described directions X ZX plane parallel with described Z direction, arbitrfary point on described incidence surface, to described Z direction with α=Tan ^-1(D/2)/total light transmittance of the light of the angle incident of H} is more than 50%, and this total light transmittance is 1.05 times～5 times at the total light transmittance of the light of the some light on the described incidence surface during from normal direction incident.

If utilize this structure, utilize the position relation of light to the incoming position and the linear light source of light control member, be the different structure of total light transmittance, therefore, can be with the bright dipping uniformity of energy in exiting surface.Therefore, can provide the elimination brightness disproportionation to send the lighting device of the higher illumination light of quality.

In addition, the exiting surface of described light control member has described ridge portion, and the minimum of a value to the function G that goes out luminous intensity (x) of frontal of any 3 described linear light source that the position of directions X is adjacent with having distance D is more than 60% with peaked ratio.

If utilize this structure, utilize the function of light control member, can control the light direction of directions X.That is,, regulate the shape of the ridge portion of light control member according to adjacent with the position of directions X 3 the relation that goes out luminous intensity to frontal of described linear light source arbitrarily, thus, can be with the frontal of directions X go out the luminous intensity homogenising.

Utilize such structure, a kind of lighting device, reflecting plate that can use on this lighting device of the straight mode down of using linear light source can be provided and use the image display device of the high-quality and high brightness of this lighting device, it can provide the high-quality illumination light of a direction as the no brightness disproportionation of main light direction, can improve front face brightness or the visual angle is adjusted, and the light utilization ratio a lot of purposes to TV or illumination signboard etc. higher, that membrane structure is simplified are useful.In addition, also can significantly cut down or avoid the use amount of light diffusing agent.And, do not need the contraposition of member and linear light source in fact, therefore, speed of production or yield rate are reduced, thereby also can be without a doubt corresponding to the difference of design alteration or specification.

The technology of the present invention person considers to utilize the brightness disproportionation of eliminating linear light source and the control of light direction, and can improve front face brightness or the visual angle is adjusted, and, higher lighting device of quality or image display device can be provided.In addition, as this method, consideration can use the function of light control member and reflecting plate to cut down the use that brightness improves the optical thin film of film etc.

On the other hand, another purpose of light control member is to improve the utilization ratio of light.Think that this is important on the total light transmittance that improves light control member.But the total light transmittance that improves light control member also is enhanced with the technical problem that makes the elimination brightness disproportionation and is associated.That is, do not increase from the light of exiting surface outgoing, thus, have boundary eliminating brightness disproportionation with the function of reflecting plate by baffle reflection.At this, the elimination of the brightness disproportionation in this two big technical problem of control of elimination of the brightness disproportionation of linear light source and light direction mainly utilizes the function of light control member to solve.

Therefore, penetrating the control of direction as other the light of technical problem, mainly is to utilize reflecting plate to carry out.Light control member is except this major function of bright dipping uniformity of energy with X-direction in order to eliminate brightness disproportionation, also can consider to make it to have the light direction control function of a part of X-direction, particularly, reflecting plate controls the light direction of Y direction as major function.Therefore, the reflecting plate roughly whole face of making to become the bright dipping side surface concavity that is parallel to X-axis with and/or the shape of stripes of convex.

Light control member of the present invention is the light control member that described lighting device had that possesses various structures.This light control member is with tabular as interarea of the plane of incidence and exit facet, will reflect from the part that plane of incidence side is incident to the light of this plane of incidence, and another part sees through.Utilize this function, the brightness disproportionation of emergent light descends.Near the light that sees through plane of incidence optically focused and the normal direction at the plane of incidence in refraction on the plane of incidence, and towards exit facet.See through the plane of incidence and reflect towards the light of the protuberance of exit facet each regional gradient according to protuberance.Towards the light in the zone of suitable angle towards frontal.In addition, suitably select each regional ratio of the different protuberance of gradient, thus, the emergent light intensity at frontal of the point on the exit facet is arbitrarily fixed.According to the function of the above plane of incidence and exit facet protuberance,, can eliminate at brightness disproportionation as the emergent light of the frontal of the normal direction of exit facet with various structures at plane of incidence side configuration linear light source.

In addition, this light control member not only is fit to be applied to aforesaid lighting device, and can be applicable to configured in parallel reflecting plate and light control member, and betwixt with dispose the lighting device of single light source towards the luminous mode of light control member or between a plurality of light control members the lighting device of the single or multiple light source of configuration, these lighting devices also can be applied to throw light on the demonstration purposes of signboard etc. rightly.

Image display device of the present invention is characterised in that: the exit facet side at the described lighting device with various structures is provided with the infiltration type display element.This lighting device be at frontal go out that light intensity distributions is fixed and at the lighting device that is evenly distributed that goes out luminous intensity of frontal, in addition, also can improve the ratio that goes out luminous intensity at frontal, in exiting side the infiltration type display element is set, thus, can be used as preferred image display device.Specifically, because on lighting device, be provided with the infiltration type display element of liquid crystal panel etc., so, utilizing described light control member, the light that carries out effectively after optically focused and the diffusion sees through the infiltration type display element.Consequently, can access the image display device that position adjustment simple in structure, as not need light source also can be eliminated the light mirage phantom and have brightness uniformly in the good exit facet.

At this, so-called image display device is meant the display module after lighting device and display element made up and has used the equipment that has image display function at least of the TV, computer monitor etc. of this display module.

Going out distribution of light intensity and can utilize the distribution of measuring front face brightness to estimate at frontal.For the distribution of front face brightness, the distance of measuring point of luminance meter with the exit facet side that is in light control member remained under the fixing state, luminance meter on directions X every interval equal intervals moved on one side measure on one side.In addition, at the mensuration of the bright dipping ratio of frontal, at first, the brightness of measuring point is measured while change angle.At this moment, change angle gradually along the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to light control member and the section of X-direction.At this moment, the distance of measuring point with luminance meter and the exit facet side that is in light control member remains fixing.Secondly, the brightness value of resulting each angle is converted to energy value, calculates in the angles that constitute 30 degree with frontal with the energy of the interior institute outgoing ratio with respect to full outgoing energy, this frontal is the normal direction of the interarea of light control member.

The invention effect

In the present invention, in straight mode down, provide a kind of utilization ratio of light higher and make at the light intensity distributions that goes out of frontal and fix, thereby do not have the lighting device of brightness disproportionation of the frontal of light mirage phantom etc.In addition, the bright dipping ratio that can obtain at frontal is more than 50% and higher and very high front face brightness.In addition, the section shape of protuberance is similar to curve, thus, can obtains the level and smooth distribution that goes out light intensity distributions or preferred rising angle at frontal.In addition, with linear light source and other member near or membrane structure is simplified, thus, also can corresponding slimming.And, owing to can carry out identical optics control to the light that is incident to the plane of incidence in all places, therefore, do not need the contraposition of linear light source and light control member, also can productivity make lighting device capitally immediately corresponding to the radical of display sizes or linear light source or the change of configuration.In addition, provide use such image display device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the preference of lighting device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the position and figure at the relation that goes out luminous intensity of frontal of linear light source of the lighting device of presentation graphs 1.

Fig. 3 be the position of the linear light source of expression when disposing 3 adjacent linear light sources with at the figure that goes out distribution of light intensity of frontal separately.

Fig. 4 is the inject angle [alpha] of expression from the light of linear light source _i, protuberance the angle of inclination φ on inclined-plane of regional i _iAnd the width α of the directions X of regional i _iThe figure of relation.

Fig. 5 is the figure of explanation at the relation of the incident angle of light control member and incident intensity.

Fig. 6 is that expression utilizes lighting device of the present invention to make the figure of light towards the principle in front.

Fig. 7 is expression by the figure from the example that light caused distributes at the directions X that goes out luminous intensity of frontal of single line shape light source.

Fig. 8 is the figure of an expression example different with the Fig. 7 that is distributed by the directions X that goes out luminous intensity at frontal that light caused from single line shape light source.

Fig. 9 is the f (X) of expression lighting device shown in Figure 7 and the figure of g corresponding with it (X).

Figure 10 is the f (X) of expression lighting device shown in Figure 8 and the figure of g corresponding with it (X).

The figure of the example of the section shape of the directions X of the light control member of Figure 11 when to be expression with the shape in the whole zone of protuberance be similar to curve.

Figure 12 is the figure that expression can be used for the configuration of light control member of the present invention and linear light source.

The figure of the situation of advancing of the light when Figure 13 is the even surface of the expression prismatic lens that the light of linear light source vertically incided comparative example 1.

The figure of the situation of advancing of the light that Figure 14 is expression when incline direction incides the light of linear light source the even surface of flat prismatic lens of comparative example 1.

Figure 15 is the existing straight synoptic diagram of the lighting device of mode down.

Figure 16 is the figure that go out distribution of light intensity at frontal of expression from the linear light source that is arranged in parallel.

Figure 17 is that expression is with angle [alpha] _iFigure in the light of protuberance towards the ratio of the light of regional i.

Figure 18 is that expression is with coordinate X _iPoint on light source diameter estimation at interior angle delta α _iFigure.

Figure 19 is the table of the measurement result of expression embodiment 29～33, comparative example 5～8.

Figure 20 is the figure of reflective graphics of quadrature striated on the light control member surface of expression embodiments of the present invention 4.

Figure 21 is the figure of reflective graphics of point-like on the light control member surface of expression embodiments of the present invention 4.

Figure 22 is the figure of reflective graphics of equidirectional striated on the light control member surface of expression embodiments of the present invention 4.

Figure 23 is the synoptic diagram of preference of the lighting device of embodiments of the present invention 5.

Figure 24 is the works that will in the embodiments of the present invention 5 the 2nd radiation direction control module be configured in the exit facet side structure chart when being disposed at the exit facet side of the 2nd radiation direction control module.

Figure 25 is the figure of the optically focused action principle when in the expression embodiments of the present invention 5 the 1st radiation direction control module being configured in the exit facet side.

Figure 26 is the platy structure thing that in the embodiments of the present invention 5 the 2nd radiation direction control module has been configured in the exit facet side structure chart when being configured in the plane of incidence side of the 1st radiation direction control module.

Figure 27 is configured in the exit facet side with the 2nd radiation direction control module in the embodiments of the present invention 5, and the works of the 2nd radiation direction control module surface with convex-concave at random, the structure chart when being configured in the exit facet side of the 2nd radiation direction control module.

Figure 28 will dispose the platy structure thing of the 2nd radiation direction control module in plane of incidence side in the embodiments of the present invention 5, the structure chart when being configured in the plane of incidence side of the 2nd radiation direction control module.

Figure 29 is the figure of the optically focused action principle when in the expression embodiments of the present invention 5 the 1st radiation direction control module being configured in plane of incidence side.

Figure 30 will dispose the works of the 2nd radiation direction control module going into the face side in the embodiments of the present invention 5, the structure chart when being configured in the exit facet side of the 2nd radiation direction control module.

Figure 31 is the structure chart when forming the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module respectively in the embodiments of the present invention 5 on the plane of incidence of identical platy structure thing and exit facet.

Figure 32 is the structure chart when forming the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module in the embodiments of the present invention 5 on the exit facet of identical platy structure thing.

Figure 33 is the synoptic diagram of preference of the lighting device of embodiments of the present invention 6.

Figure 34 is the horizontal section part enlarged drawing of back light for liquid crystal display device device of an embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 6.

Figure 35 is the horizontal section part enlarged drawing of back light for liquid crystal display device device of another embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 6.

Figure 36 schemes above the signal after the back light for liquid crystal display device device of an embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 6 is removed light control member.

Figure 37 is the schematic diagram of the direct of travel of the light when between linear light source and light control member projection being set in the explanation embodiments of the present invention 6.

Figure 38 A is the figure of shape of the projection of expression embodiment 52.

Figure 38 B is the figure of shape of the projection of expression comparative example 19.

Figure 39 is the illuminator structure example of embodiments of the present invention 7.

Figure 40 is the figure of the direct of travel of the light when the incidence surface of light diffusing sheet is provided with prism shape in the expression embodiments of the present invention 7.

Figure 41 is the example of the shape of the exiting surface of light diffusing sheet in the embodiments of the present invention 7 when being provided with prism shape.

Figure 42 is the figure that advances of the light when the exiting surface of light diffusing sheet is provided with prism shape in the expression embodiments of the present invention 7.

Figure 43 is the figure that advances of the light when the exiting surface of light diffusing sheet is provided with prism shape in the expression embodiments of the present invention 7.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

The example of the optimal way of lighting device provided by the invention shown in Fig. 1.This lighting device is to have by the lighting device of directions X with the exit facet of the rectangle that is constituted perpendicular to the Y direction of directions X, linear light source 1 is in being parallel to an imaginary plane of described directions X and Y direction, be parallel to the Y direction and dispose along directions X, light control member 2 is configured in the described exit facet side that is arranged with linear light source, and, interarea is parallel with the described imaginary plane that is arranged with linear light source 1, in the exit facet side, form the protuberance 3 of a plurality of ridges shape on the surface, the ridge shape crest line that is positioned at the top of this protuberance 3 is parallel to Y direction ground and forms, and, arrange along directions X.The preferred reflectivity that is parallel to the reflecting plate 4 of directions X and the configuration of Y direction ground overleaf is more than 95%.To reflect and light towards the back side reflects to exiting side once more towards the light at the back side or by light control member 2 from linear light source 1, thus, effectively utilize light, therefore, can improve the light utilization ratio.As the material of reflecting plate, can enumerate metal forming, white coating, foaming PET resin of aluminium, silver, stainless steel etc. etc.For reflecting plate, improving on the light utilization ratio material that preferred reflectance is higher.Viewpoint thus, preferred silver, foaming PET resin etc.In addition, improving on the outgoing uniformity of light, the material that light is carried out scattered reflection is preferred.Viewpoint thus, foaming PET resin etc. is preferred.

Because linear light source of the present invention is provided with in the mode of be reflected plate and light control member clamping, so, from half direction of pact of the light of linear light source outgoing, half direction of remaining pact towards reflecting plate towards light control member.Wherein, incided light control member as diffused light towards reflecting plate and by the light after this reflecting plate scattered reflection.In addition, a part of light that incides light control member from linear light source is returned by total reflection, towards reflecting plate.Carry out total reflection from this linear light source outgoing and towards the light of reflecting plate and by light control member and return and carry out scattered reflection and incided light control member once again by reflecting plate as diffused light towards the light of reflecting plate.For light as this diffused light institute incident, on the exit facet of light control member have a few the light that equates as front face brightness, angular distribution and outgoing.Therefore, under disposing the state of reflecting plate contain diffused light the time the minimum of a value G (X) of emergent light intensity of frontal _MinAnd maximum G (X) _MaxRatio G (X) _Min/ G (X) _Max, the ratio g (X) when not containing reverberation _Min/ g (X) _MaxGreatly.In addition, select reflecting plate rightly, thus, be incident to light control member light become diffused light more than 50%.

Below, estimate simply eliminating effect by the brightness disproportionation that reflecting plate caused.Be assumed to 50% being reflected after plate carries out scattered reflection in the light of linear light source outgoing, incide light control member.If the reflectivity of reflecting plate is 95%, then with from linear light source in the light of the identical amount of the light in the frontal outgoing of light control member, 95% incide light control member as diffused light, in the frontal outgoing from the linear light source plate reflection back that is reflected.If will be assumed to g (X) from linear light source light in the frontal outgoing in the light of light control member _MaxWith g (X) _MinMean value, (g (X) then _Max+ g (X) _MinLight control member is incided as diffused light, in the frontal outgoing in)/2 * 0.95 after linear light source is reflected the plate reflection.It is added in g (X) respectively _MaxAnd g (X) _MinOn, obtain the minimum of a value G that goes out luminous intensity (X) when disposing reflecting plate respectively _Min, maximum G (X) _MaxAnd than G (X) _Min/ G (X) _Max, then be following mode.

G(X) _max＝g(X) _max+(g(X) _max+g(X) _min)/2×0.95 (22)

G(X) _min＝g(X) _min+(g(X) _max+g(X) _min)/2×0.95 (23)

G(X) _min/G(X) _max＝{g(X) _min+(g(X) _max+g(X) _min)/2×0.95}/{g(X) _max+(g(X) _max+g(X) _min)/2×0.95} (24)

In order to make than G (X) _Min/ G (X) _MaxBe more than 0.8, then be

g(X) _min/g(X) _max≥0.65 (25)。

As mentioned above, be more than 50% in fact as can be known at the diffused light composition in the incident light of light control member, therefore,

If g (X) _Min/ g (X) _Max＞0.6 (26) gets final product.

Figure 16 is that expression is arranged in parallel the figure at the relation of the position that goes out luminous intensity and linear light source of frontal under the linear light source situation.As shown here, in the lighting device that a plurality of linear light sources 1 of configuration are constituted, at the luminous intensity that goes out of frontal (among the figure for top), part directly over each linear light source 1 and and part is adjacent directly over this linear light source 1 separately directly between part (oblique upper part) on differ very big.This means, in lighting device of the present invention, widely different to the plane of incidence of light control member at the incident intensity of frontal part and oblique upper part directly over each linear light source 1.

Fig. 2 is the position and figure at the relation that goes out luminous intensity of frontal of linear light source of the lighting device of key diagram 1.So and since at frontal go out the distribution of light intensity almost fixed, therefore can eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal.

Fig. 3 be the position of the linear light source of expression when disposing adjacent 3 linear light sources and reflecting plate with respectively at the figure that goes out distribution of light intensity of frontal.If these summation almost fixed be we can say the brightness disproportionation of having eliminated frontal.Utilize light control member 2 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2 since at frontal go out the distribution of light intensity almost fixed, therefore, can eliminate the brightness disproportionation of frontal.

The example that the directions X that goes out luminous intensity at frontal from the light of any wire shape light source of the lighting device of the present invention that is arranged with linear light source with D=30mm distributes has been shown among Fig. 7.From the light of single line shape light source at the bright dipping of frontal at X _Min～X _MaxScope.Under the situation of expression slow decay shown in Figure 7, for example, also can be that peaked 1/100 o'clock X value replaces by the value of f (X).Decision X _Min, X _MaxWith the value of f (X) preferably mutually the same, if peaked 1/20 with next no problem, more preferably below 1/100.In Fig. 7, X _Min=-3D, X _Max=3D, f (X _Min)=f (X _Max) and be below 1/100 of f (X).In such shape, at the luminous intensity that goes out of frontal, can not be only by 3 adjacent closely summation decision, so, with g (X) for fixedly to compare, then near the g the center of X=0 (X) omits then ideal comparatively of height than periphery.

In Fig. 8, identical with the situation of Fig. 7, an example of arranging linear light source and having used the directions X that goes out luminous intensity at frontal of light of any wire shape light source of the lighting device of the present invention of other light control members to distribute with D=30mm is shown.In this embodiment, X _Min=-D, X _Max=D.Utilize the shape of protuberance, the above light of certain incident angle does not advance to the front, so, like this, departing from the part of certain degree from linear light source, form the distribution that luminous intensity sharply reduces.In such shape, decide by 3 only adjacent summation at the luminous intensity that goes out of frontal, so preferred g (X) is for fixing.At this moment, at X _Min～X _MaxScope in, light is to the frontal outgoing, it is distributed as f (X).At X shown in Figure 7 _Min=-3D, X _MaxUnder the situation of=3D, if with X shown in Figure 8 _Min=-D, X _MaxThe situation of=D is compared, then is restricted owing to the protuberance width, so, utilize the distribution of the angle of inclination Φ on inclined-plane, decide the distribution of light intensity that goes out at frontal.The protuberance shape has to be made as shown in Figure 7 from the bevel angle of the more weak light of the energy of distant place oblique incidence towards frontal, do not have and make as shown in Figure 8 from the light in a distant place angle Φ towards the front, make by the light in the scope of-D＜X＜D only and improve front face brightness towards the protuberance shape that angle Φ constituted in front.Like this, make X _Max～X _MinWidth when diminishing, make stronger light towards the front effectively, thus, have the effect of raising at the bright dipping ratio of frontal.

On the other hand, make X _Max～X _MinWidth when increasing, the light of linear light source that makes a distant place effectively thus, has the effect of raising at the bright dipping ratio of frontal towards the front.Therefore, in order to improve front face brightness, preferably make X _Max～X _MinWidth be in the suitable scope.Desirable X _Max～X _MinWidth different according to f (X), still, for example, can be made as peaked X scope more than 1/2 as standard with going out luminous intensity.Under the bigger situation of this scope, preferably obtain X significantly _Max～X _MinWidth, under less situation, preferably be taken as less.Like this, suitably stipulate X _Max～X _MinWidth, thus, can improve front face brightness.

Figure 10 illustrates among Fig. 8 the g (X) at the lighting device shown in the f (X).Such as has been shown, if g (X) as 1 cycle of linear light source-fixing in the scope of D/2≤X≤D/2, then the brightness disproportionation of frontal is eliminated, in addition, at X _Min, X _MaxUnder suitable situation,, therefore further improve the brightness of frontal owing to make near the higher light of the energy of linear light source towards the front.

Going out distribution of light intensity and can estimate at frontal by the distribution of measuring front face brightness.For the distribution of front face brightness, remain under the fixing state in the distance that makes luminance meter with the measuring point of the exit facet side that is in light control member, while equally spaced being moved on directions X, luminance meter measures.In addition, at the bright dipping ratio of frontal, following carrying out.

At first, while change angle the brightness of measuring point measured.At this moment, change angle along the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to light control member and the section of X-direction.At this moment, the distance of luminance meter with the measuring point of the exit facet side that is in light control member is maintained fixed.

Secondly, the brightness value of each angle of obtaining is converted to energy value, calculate the angles that become 30 degree with frontal as the normal direction of the interarea of light control member with the energy of interior institute outgoing with respect to whole outgoing can ratio.

Putting in order of zone-N～N need not be along X-axis.But, under the situation of so not carrying out,, can have the point of inflection at protuberance according to each regional aligning method, make with angle [alpha] _iThe light of incident is at the angle Φ that arrives towards the front _iThe inclined-plane of protuberance before arrive the inclined-plane of other angle because refraction or reflect radiation direction is changed, no show angle Φ _iThe inclined-plane or arrive angle Φ with preferred angle _iThe inclined-plane, thus, be difficult to carry out the control of the exit direction of light, have the inadequate situation of performance.Under the situation with the zone of the order arrangement-N～N of the position coordinates of X-axis, protuberance is shaped as the shape with point of inflection, the whole slightly convex that forms of protuberance usually.Under the situation of this kind shape, usually before arriving zone on the desirable protuberance, light can not arrive the zone on other protuberances, and the direction of light can be because of refraction or change of reflection, thereby helps carrying out easily the control of radiation direction.

In addition, the width α of the regional directions X of each of protuberance _iWith f (X _i+ TTan β _i) cos Φ _iCos β _i/ cos α _i/ cos (Φ _i-β _i) proportional be the feature of lighting device of the present invention, but since from the bottom of protuberance to the influence of the height on surface, have the situation of the slightly little error of preferred width, but do not have too much influence.

At this, Figure 12 is the profile of the configuration of expression light control member 2 and linear light source 1.There is shown the bottom from the plane of incidence 6 to protuberance thickness T, linear light source 1 the center to the distance H of the plane of incidence 6 of light control member 2, and linear light source 1 in the heart interval D.The plane of incidence 6 is to the thickness T of protuberance bottom 1mm～3mm preferably.If T is less, the then thickness attenuation of light control member as the thickness of lighting device also attenuation and comparatively desirable, but is twisted if cross thin then weakened, can't utilize the variation of light direction to control thereby cause, and produces the brightness disproportionation of frontal.In addition, if the weakened of mechanics also has damaged possibility.In addition, on the contrary, if blocked up, also thickening of the thickness of lighting device then, because against the requirement of slimming, therefore undesirable.

In addition, preferred N is more than 2.Under the bigger situation of N, protuberance is the shape of the complexity that is made of a plurality of inclined-planes.If inclined-plane quantity is more, then can be effectively and precision control bright dipping well at frontal, to improve the uniformity that goes out distribution of light intensity at frontal.Aspect precision, though N is the bigger the better, if excessive, then shape becomes complicated and is difficult to make.From the viewpoint of easy manufacturing, preferred N is below 100, more preferably below 10.

Also the shape of at least one group of adjacent areas in the zone of formation protuberance can be similar to curve.In addition, also the shape of the adjacent area more than two groups can be similar to curve.In addition, also the shape of the adjacent area more than 3 can be similar to curve, also the shape of protuberance integral body can be similar to curve.The figure of the example of the section shape of the directions X of the light control member of Figure 11 when to be expression with the shape of the Zone Full of protuberance be similar to curve.If the shape in a plurality of zones is similar to curve, then will become more level and smooth at the distribution that goes out distribution of light intensity or rising angle of frontal, thereby the effect that can further improve easy figuration and be difficult to the shape that the shape of adjacent areas is similar to curve of breakage etc. is preferred.As approximation method at curve, there is not restriction especially, can use the least square method known, spline interpolation, lagranges interpolation etc. usually.For the point of approximate usefulness, select 1 point at least from approximate zone.Usually get than approximate region quantity and more count.For example, can select continuous a plurality of regional two ends and each regional contact.In addition, also can be used to be similar to by the mid point that each is regional.

In the section of the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to directions X and light control member, with frontal as the normal direction of exit facet be that the ratios of 30 degree light of outgoing with interior angle are 50% when above, be the higher lighting device of front face brightness.In the display unit of computer of the front face brightness of having relatively high expectations etc., if then even more ideal more than 60%, if then ideal more than 80%.On the other hand, the requirement of illumination signboard etc. is had the display unit of wide viewing angle, if too high at the bright dipping ratio of frontal, then light makes the visual angle narrow down only towards frontal, thereby undesirable.Therefore, 60%～80% is comparatively desirable.

As shown in figure 12, in lighting device of the present invention, linear light source is parallel to the Y direction and is configured in the same plane with interval D, at the plane of incidence that disposes light control member on the position of H.At this, D is as if less, and is owing to fixing at the distribution of light intensity that goes out of frontal, therefore more satisfactory.But if D is too small, then under the situation of same frame size, the radical of linear light source increases, and energy consumption also increases, and is therefore undesirable.The ideal range of D is 10mm～100mm, and better scope is 15mm～50mm.In addition, H is as if bigger, and is owing to fixing at the light intensity distributions that goes out of frontal, therefore comparatively desirable.But if H is excessive, then the thickness thickening is against the desired slimming of lighting device, therefore undesirable.The ideal range of H is 5mm～50mm, and better scope is 10mm～30mm.In addition,, consider from taking into account D and H that 0.5～3 is comparatively desirable for ratio D/H, 1～2 is better.

The height that is formed at the protuberance on the exit facet is preferably 1 μ m～500 μ m.If greater than 500 μ m, then when observing exit facet,, therefore cause the reduction of quality because protuberance is identified easily.In addition, if less than 1 μ m,, produce painted and reduction that produce quality then because of the diffraction phenomena of light.And, in being provided with the of the present invention image display device of permeation type liquid crystal panel as the transmissive display device element, the width P of the protuberance of directions X be preferably liquid crystal pel spacing 1/100～1/1.5.Thus, if become big, then generation greatly reduces image quality with the ripple of liquid crystal panel.

In order to compose with shape at protuberance, though unrestricted, can list the 2P moulding of having used extrusion molding, ejection formation, uv-hardening resin etc.Forming method can be considered the size, required form, production of protuberance and suitably use.Under the big situation of interarea size, be fit to use extrusion molding.

In addition, at the mould that does not use the cylinder shape, and use under the situation of plane mould, in case, form die by the electroforming resin to after the moulding on the resin.Use this plane female mold or the die that has cut, carry out ejection formation and obtain light control member.And under the situation of using this plane mould, after being coated in the 2P resin on the plane female mold, the slide that will become matrix material carries out stacked, and with ultraviolet ray with the 2P hardening of resin.By 2P resin from plane female mold peeled off, also can obtain light control member thereafter.

In addition, protuberance is arranged continuously usually, but also the par can be set between protuberance.The par is set, and thus, the protuberance of mould is the shape that is difficult to be out of shape, and is therefore quite favourable.In addition, can make linear light source directly over light to the frontal outgoing, therefore, when the brightness that only improves directly over linear light source, be effective.On the contrary, under the situation of the shape that the par is not set, can control all light, therefore go out being distributed as uniformly of luminous intensity at frontal with the angle of inclination on the inclined-plane of protuberance.

In addition, preferred protuberance is identical shape.Because the character of the optics of light control member is identical, so, do not need contraposition, also can make lighting device with good productivity immediately corresponding to the radical of display sizes or linear light source or the change of configuration.

In addition, if the material that the matrix material of the common optical material of light control member conduct is used then preferably uses, use the thermoplastic resin of light transmission usually.For example, can list the rare resin of methyl-prop, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, cyclic olefin resins, methyl-prop rare-styrene copolymer resin, cycloolefin-olefine copolymer resin etc.

In addition, the light diffusion unit is set, thus, can further improves the uniformity of brightness.

Can list the concavo-convex method at random that chapped line or embossing etc. are set as the light diffusion unit on the interarea of tabular component, a spot of photodiffusion material is dispersed in the method for works inside, diffusion sheet is arranged on the light incident side of light control member or the method for exiting side, or makes up the method for these methods.

For concavo-convex formation at random, can utilize and to disperse fine-grained solution to be coated in interarea or realize by the transfer printing that forms irregular mould.Preferred these are arranged on than the more close exit facet side of light source side, can be arranged on the light source side and/or the exit facet side of light control member.For concavo-convex degree, preferred arithmetic average roughness Ra is below the 3 μ m.If greater than this, then because the diffusion effect increase is excessive, so front face brightness reduces.Under the plane of incidence is smooth situation, owing to inciding light control member when inner, near the front, therefore, consequently, increase at the bright dipping ratio of frontal by optically focused in the refraction of the plane of incidence and in a way from the light of all directions incident.For example, be under 1.55 the situation in the refractive index of light control member, by optically focused the normal direction with the plane of incidence form 40 degree with interior angular range in.Under the situation concavo-convex to plane of incidence affix, the light that is incident to light control member is refracted in the angle of broad and advances, so, the situation that exists effect that the bright dipping ratio at frontal is increased to be lowered.In addition,, on male and fomale(M﹠F), be refracted being provided with on the exit facet under the fine concavo-convex situation, thus, the same existence because the situation that the concavo-convex feasible effect that increases at the bright dipping ratio of frontal is lowered.Can eliminate the balance of effect and front face brightness by diffusivity that obtains or brightness disproportionation, adjust on the employed purposes in the preferred range.

Photodiffusion material is being dispersed under the situation of works inside, the concentration of photodiffusion material can suppress for lower.Thus, the reduction of transmitance or front face brightness can be suppressed for lower.The concentration of suitable photodiffusion material is different according to material, but can be with transmitance and turbidity value as standard value.To be more than 80% and turbidity value is that concentration below 50% is used to preferably with transmitance.For example, in the MS of thickness 2mm polymer, the siloxane-based copolymer particle (for example, Tu Sipaer (the ト ス パ one Le) SILICON of 120:GE Toshiba (thigh) system, number average particle diameter 2 μ m, CV value 3%) that contains 0.04Wt% can be waited as the profiled sheeting of photodiffusion material and use.

Light control member of the present invention also can use different multiple materials as required.For example, also can on film, form after the protuberance, support plate is cooperated with the film surface that is formed with protuberance, and as light control member.Ultraviolet hardening resin forms under the situation of protuberance for example using for this, uses common translucent resin in addition near protuberance, thus, can cut down the use amount of the ultraviolet hardening resin of high price.In addition, also a spot of photodiffusion material can be dispersed in inside or coating from the teeth outwards.By using photodiffusion material to improve the diffusivity of emergent light, also can improve brightness uniformity.Under the situation of coating photodiffusion material, more preferably apply in the exit facet side.Can use the inorganic particles or the crosslinked organic fine particles that are used to existing light diffusing sheet or diffusion sheet to be used as the photodiffusion material material.Use amount and existing general light diffusing sheet are in a ratio of minute quantity, the equal above diffusivity that can obtain, and permeability is also very high simultaneously.

Under the situation of using support plate, different multiple plates is also no problem even the matrix material of light control member partly is refractive index.Under this kind situation, along existing thinking direction, derive the formula that is equivalent to formula (7), thus, can try to achieve α _iBut, the error of separately refractive index be 90% with interior situation under, refractive index n ₂Ratio according to each thickness of slab is similar to, thus, and derivation formula (7).For example, matrix material part under 3 situations that plate constituted that by refractive index are n ', n ", n  and thickness of slab T ', T " respectively, T , n ₂Can be similar to the value of (n ' T '+n " T "+n  T )/T.

In addition, under the situation that the different photodiffusion material of refractive index disperses, in the present invention, the use amount of photodiffusion material is few, so, do not consider the influence of its refractive index yet.

And lighting device of the present invention comprises that image display device is backlight, ligthing paraphernalia, light-emitting device.In addition, image display device of the present invention comprises that the display module that lighting device and infiltration type display element are made up, the TV that uses this display module, computer monitor etc. have equipment of image display function etc. at least.

In addition, as image display device of the present invention, by in lighting device, using methods such as infiltration type display element to realize, but be not subject to this especially, as the infiltration type display element, the permeation type liquid crystal display floater can be listed, the brightness uniformity excellent images display unit of display surface can be obtained.

Embodiment 2

In the structure of embodiments of the present invention 1, can be the protuberance that material more than 1.58 constitutes the ridge shape of the exit facet that is formed at light control member by refractive index.As such refractive index is the material of the high index of refraction more than 1.58, can list methacryl resin, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, cyclic olefin resins, metering system-styrene copolymer resin, cycloolefin-olefine copolymer resin, mylar etc.

In addition, for guaranteeing needed refractive index more than 1.58 among the present invention, can select various monomers.For example, as acrylate monomer copolymer as methacryl resin or metering system-styrene copolymerized material resin, can suitably use aromatic series acrylate, P-bromophenyl acrylate, as halogenated aromatic acrylate monomer of five oxygen phenyl acrylates etc. as the Alpha-Naphthyl acrylate.In addition, as styrenic monomers copolymer as polystyrene resin and metering system-styrene copolymer resin, except that styrene, can list and can use as the cinnamic halogenated styrenes of o-oxygen, be used as monomer as the monomer of alkylated styrenes of p-vinyltoluene etc.The glycol of functional group with high volume of fluorenyl etc. can be used as comonomer as mylar.These monomers can be separately or copolymerization use.

Embodiment 3

In embodiments of the present invention 1, in order to improve the uniformity of brightness, the light diffusion unit can be set on light control member, as an example of light diffusion unit, the radiation direction converter section of the direction that changes light can be set.

In addition, as the radiation direction converter section, also a spot of radiation direction transition material can be disperseed in inside, or apply from the teeth outwards.Use the radiation direction transition material, thus, can improve the diffusivity of emergent light, also can improve brightness uniformity.Also can will be coated in the exit facet side, but in addition this moment, need to be provided with in addition the radiation direction converter section this moment this moment on the more close light source side than photocontrol portion with radiation direction transition material identical materials.As the radiation direction transition material, can use employed inorganic particles or crosslinked organic fine particles in existing light diffusing sheet or diffusion sheet.Use amount and existing general light diffusing sheet are in a ratio of minute quantity, but can obtain equal above diffusivity, and permeability is also very high simultaneously.In addition, under the situation that the radiation direction transition material disperses, use amount is a minute quantity in the embodiments of the present invention 3.

Employed radiation direction transition material in the light control member for embodiments of the present invention 3, constitute 100 Quality Mgmt Dept of matrix material portion of this light control member relatively, the radiation direction transition material that contains 0.01～1 Quality Mgmt Dept preferably contains 0.05～0.7 Quality Mgmt Dept, more preferably contains 0.1～0.5 Quality Mgmt Dept.If its amount with respect to 100 Quality Mgmt Dept of matrix material portion less than 0.01 Quality Mgmt Dept, its light diffusing insufficient (desiring to be recited as insufficient this point of elimination effect of brightness disproportionation) then, in addition, if surpass 1 Quality Mgmt Dept, then can not obtain sufficient total light transmittance, when this light control member being used for the purposes of lighting device etc., can't obtain sufficient brightness, thereby not preferred.

In addition, for the particle diameter of radiation direction transition material, the scope of its average grain diameter is 1～50 μ m, the preferably scope of 2～30 μ m.Under the situation of average grain diameter less than 1 μ m of radiation direction transition material, it is disperseed and the light control member that obtains optionally carries out scattering with short wavelength's light in matrix material portion, therefore, see through light and have yellow easily, thus not preferred.On the other hand, if the average grain diameter of radiation direction transition material surpasses 50 μ m, the light control member that obtains for it is disperseed in matrix material portion then, light diffusing agent is identified as the situation of foreign matter easily when having light diffusing (desiring to be recited as insufficient this point of elimination effect of brightness disproportionation) reduction or light transmission resin, does not therefore do preferred.As the shape of radiation direction transition material, be preferably oval spherical to spherical mode, more preferably spherical.

And alleged average grain diameter in this specification as described later, means the average grain diameter that is obtained by actual measurement, and this actual measurement is to use the photo that obtains by electron microscope observation to carry out.

As the radiation direction transition material, can use usually the transparent resin of the matrix material inorganic system different with refractive index with and/or the transparent particulate of organic system.Poor about the refractive index of radiation direction transition material and matrix material refractive index, its absolute value is 0.005 to 0.08, and is wherein preferred 0.01 to 0.07, more preferably 0.02 to 0.06.If its refringence is less than 0.005, light diffusing insufficient (desiring to be recited as insufficient this point of elimination effect of brightness disproportionation) then, in addition, if surpass 0.08, then can't obtain all light penetrations fully, when this light control member being used in the purposes of lighting device etc., can't obtain sufficient brightness, thereby not preferred.In addition, in embodiments of the present invention 3, as mentioned above, poor according to the refractive index of radiation direction transition material and matrix material, so-called diffusion inside can be provided, still, make radiation direction transition material emersion on substrate material surface, make it form concave-convex surface, thus, also can provide so-called outside diffusivity.

In addition, employed radiation direction transition material in the embodiments of the present invention 3 preferably has the refractive index lower than the refractive index of matrix material resin.When the refractive index of the refractive index ratio matrix material resin of radiation direction transition material was big, light diffusing increased, still, the difference of the Abbe constant of matrix material resin and light control member becomes big, the angle of diffused light is easy to produce aberration according to the observation, and is therefore not preferred.Therefore, the refractive index of matrix material and light control member poor is preferably not too small or excessive usually.

Radiation direction transition material as inorganic system, for example, can list calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, silica, glass, talcum, mica, white carbon, magnesia, zinc oxide etc., these also can wait with aliphatic acid and carry out surface treatment.In addition, as organic system radiation direction transition material, for example, can list styrenic particle, acrylic polymer particle, siloxane-based polymers particle, fluorine based polymer particle etc., can suitably to use in air be 3 quality %, reduce temperature is that high heat-resisting light diffusing agent more than 250 ℃ or the gel dose rate when being dissolved in acetone are the cross-linking polymer particle more than 10%.In these radiation direction transition materials, preferably use silica, glass, acrylic polymer particle, siloxane-based polymers particle, wherein preferably use acrylic polymer particle, siloxane-based polymers particle again.In addition, these radiation direction transition materials can use them more than 2 kinds as required.

The method of mixing with the radiation direction transition material as employed matrix material in the light control member with embodiments of the present invention 3, there is no special qualification, for example, can adopt following method: in substrate material particle, in advance the radiation direction transition material is mixed, and, make the method for light control member with the form of graininess etc. with its extrusion molding or ejection formation in addition; With matrix material extrusion molding or ejection formation the time, add radiation direction transition material and in addition moulding and make the method for light control member with the form of graininess etc.; After once matrix material and radiation direction transition material carry out masterbatchizationes, will make matrix material and the masterbatch extrusion molding or the ejection formation of required use level once more, make the method for light control member with the form of graininess etc.

Arrive the ratio of described bright dipping control part by described radiation direction converter section about the light that is incident to the described plane of incidence from described light source, also can measure described light transformation energy and measure the total light transmittance of using member, can be worth for this reason, under the situation of the radiation direction control that can dope photocontrol portion, the total light transmittance that also can directly measure light control member calculates.

Embodiment 4

Plane of incidence surface at aforesaid light control member forms reflecting member.Reflecting member is the reflective graphics of systematicness, is that it seems that identical aspect be preferred from the optical property of the plane of incidence.The example of the reflective graphics of the reflecting member under the situation of the protuberance that forms the ridge shape on the exit facet of this light control member abreast has been shown in Figure 20～22.

At this, reflective graphics can list striated, point-like, and the reflective graphics of striated as shown in figure 22 can be parallel with the ridge shape protuberance of exit facet, also can be not parallel.Figure 20 is the example of the direction quadrature of reflective graphics and ridge shape protuberance.Aspect the ripple generation between inhibitory reflex figure and muscle shape protuberance, the shape of reflective graphics is ideal with the order of quadrature striated, point-like, equidirectional striated.

With the situation of the striated figure of ridge shape protuberance quadrature under, mis-behave as the brightness disproportionation of feature of the present invention is less, in addition, if width of fringe also is below 1/4 of exit lens spacing, then can not be discerned as concealed wire on the exit facet after seeing through.Therefore, width of fringe can be printed broad, so, on productivity, also have advantage.

For the effect of the raising of front face brightness is to find according to the rationalization of the aperture opening ratio of the reflectivity of reflectance ink and printed pattern.That is, if the reflectivity of reflectance ink is lower or the aperture opening ratio of reflective graphics printing is lower, the then loss increase of reflection repeatedly between the printing of reflecting plate and reflective graphics overleaf, consequently, not only front face brightness reduces, and the broadening at visual angle itself also suffers damage.Particularly, the execution reflectivity at the incident light of reflective graphics can be set at more than 90%, and, there is the aperture opening ratio of the part of reflectance ink to be set at more than 85% the uncoated of this plane of incidence and below 95%.The such reflectivity and the relation of aperture opening ratio, expression are not damaged the brightness disproportionation performance and can be improved the zone of reasonableness of front face brightness.

Embodiment 5

The 1st radiation direction control module is configured on the described exit facet side of having arranged linear light source, and, the interarea of structure that constitutes the 1st radiation direction control module is parallel with the described imaginary plane of arranging linear light source 1, on the surface of the face side of exit facet side or light incident, form a plurality of protuberances, this protuberance and directions X form the crest line of the ridge shape that is positioned at the top abreast, and arrange along the Y direction.

The reflecting plate 4 that is configured in the back side will be reflected and light towards the back side reflects to exiting side once more towards the light at the back side or with the 1st light source direction control module or the 2nd radiation direction control module from linear light source 1, thus, can effectively utilize light, therefore, can improve the light utilization ratio.

It is preferred that any one of the 1st radiation direction control module or the 2nd radiation direction control module is positioned on the platy structure thing, and the member that more preferably is configured in the Line of light source is the platy structure thing.The member of Line of light source is the platy structure thing, thus, can increase mechanicalness intensity, prevents to twist the reduction of the optical characteristics that causes.In addition, in order to improve the uniformity of brightness, under the situation of the light diffusion unit that tabular component is set, when the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module were positioned on the platy structure thing, these also can be identical plate.

The 2nd radiation direction control module has been shown among Figure 24 to be positioned on the platy structure thing and the structure example of the 1st radiation direction control module when being made of a plurality of ridges shape protuberance of the X-axis of the face that is parallel to the exit facet side.Under this kind situation, the 2nd radiation direction control module is configured than the more close light source geodetic of the 1st radiation direction control module.In this structure, the 1st radiation direction control module also can form onboard or on the film.

In addition, the 1st radiation direction control module being shown among Figure 26 is positioned on the platy structure thing and the structure example of the 1st radiation direction control module when being made of a plurality of ridges shape protuberance of the X-axis of the face of the exit facet side that is parallel to the platy structure thing.Under this kind situation, the platy structure thing is configured than the more close observation side of the 1st radiation direction control module.In this structure, the 2nd light control module also can form onboard or on the film.

The 1st radiation direction control module has been shown among Figure 28 to be positioned on the platy structure thing and the structure example of the 1st radiation direction control module when being made of a plurality of ridges shape protuberance of the X-axis of the face of the face side of the light incident that is parallel to the platy structure thing.Under this kind situation, the platy structure thing is configured than the more close light source side of the 1st radiation direction control module.In this structure, the 2nd radiation direction control module also can form onboard or on the film.

The 2nd radiation direction control module has been shown among Figure 30 to be positioned on the platy structure thing and the structure example of the 1st radiation direction control module when being made of a plurality of ridges shape protuberance of the X-axis of the face of the face side of the light incident that is parallel to the platy structure thing.Under this kind situation, the platy structure thing is configured than the more close light source side of the 1st radiation direction control module.In this structure, the 1st radiation direction control module also can form onboard or on the film.

The height of the protuberance of the 1st radiation direction control module is preferably 1 μ m～500 μ m.If greater than 500 μ m, when then observing exit facet,, therefore cause the reduction of quality because protuberance is identified easily.In addition, if less than 1 μ m,, thereby take place painted and reduction that produce quality then because the diffraction phenomena of light.And, in the image display device of the present invention that the permeation type liquid crystal panel is provided with as the transmissive display device element, the protuberance width of preferred Y direction be liquid crystal Y direction pel spacing 1/100～1/1.5.If greater than this, then generation greatly reduces image quality with the ripple of liquid crystal panel.

In addition, at the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module is under the situation of protuberance, if the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module are the materials that uses as optical material usually, then can preferably use, use the thermoplastic resin of light transmission usually.For example, can list methacryl resin, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, cyclic olefin resins, metering system-styrene copolymer resin, cycloolefin-olefine copolymer resin etc.In addition, also can become on matrix material film or the sheet, utilize uv-hardening resin that the 1st radiation direction control module is carried out 2P moulding (Photo PolymerizationProcess).

And, be that protuberance and the works with this protuberance are that the surface area of the face of the light incident of this platy structure thing is different with the surface area of the face of light outgoing under the tabular situation at the 1st radiation direction control module or the 2nd radiation direction control module.The platy structure thing is expanded or making because of dehydration under the situation that the platy structure thing shrinks, poor according to described surface area, the face of light incident is different with the expansion rate or the shrinkage factor of the face of light outgoing, produces on the platy structure thing and twists.Described platy structure thing is that transparent thermoplastic resin below 0.5% constitutes by water absorption rate in the environment of 60 ℃ of temperature, humidity 80%, thereby can alleviate this distortion.If water absorption rate surpasses 0.5% under the same conditions, then Niu Qu amount is excessive, thereby causes the quality of outward appearance to descend.

In addition, forming the 2nd radiation direction control module on forming as the ridge shape protuberance of the 1st radiation direction control module and the face in the light outgoing of identical platy structure thing on the face of the light incident of platy structure thing is under the situation of ridge shape protuberance, because the difference of the surface area of the surface area of the face of light incident and the face of light outgoing diminishes, be favourable therefore with respect to distortion.In addition, the direction that is become at the ridge shape protuberance as the 1st radiation direction control module is under the situation of quadrature with the direction that the ridge shape protuberance as the 2nd radiation direction control module is become, because the rigidity of platy structure thing is increased, be more favourable therefore with respect to distortion.

As shown in figure 31, when the 1st radiation direction control module is the protuberance that is formed on the face of light incident of platy structure thing, preferably with the 2nd radiation direction control module on same works.Compare with the situation that the 2nd radiation direction control module separates with the 1st radiation direction control module, can eliminate 2 interfaces that form with air, thereby the efficient of emergent light is improved.

Under the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module are in situation on the same platy structure thing, at first, after making is formed with the platy structure thing of the 1st radiation direction control module or the 2nd radiation direction control module, the 1st radiation direction control module or the 2nd radiation direction control module are obtained thereby can utilize 2P moulding etc. on its opposing face, to form.

And, prepare the female mold of the 1st radiation direction control module, the female mold of the 2nd radiation direction control module, can utilize ejection formation etc. also to carry out moulding simultaneously.

Example when the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module being shown being on the face of the light outgoing of same platy structure thing formed protuberance among Figure 32.Described the 1st radiation direction control module is vertical with directions X, not vertical with the Y side part of protuberance normal to a surface direction, carries out the direction control of the Y direction of light.Described the 2nd radiation direction control module is vertical with the Y direction, not vertical with the X side part of protuberance normal to a surface direction, carries out the direction control of the directions X of light.Under the situation of this kind structure, at first, after making has these two female mold of the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module, can utilize 2P moulding etc. on the surface of tabular component, to form, thereby obtain.

And, also can prepare female mold and utilize ejection formation to wait to form.Perpendicular to the shape of the section of the Y coordinate of the 2nd radiation direction control module shown in Figure 32 according to the Y coordinate and difference.For the elimination principle of the light mirage phantom of frontal, according to the shared ratio of gradient of the 2nd radiation direction control module, so the average pitch with the distribution of the gradient of this section shape after average distributes, and can become preferred gradient and distribute.Preferred gradient distributes and is meant that promptly the 2nd radiation direction control module and the 1st radiation direction control module are not in the same case when one side goes up together, for example, can be described different shape.

The light diffusing sheet that also can have light diffusion function in the exit facet side setting of the 2nd radiation direction control module.Utilize the diffusion of light diffusing sheet, can obtain more uniform front luminance distribution.

As shown in figure 27, preferably formation is a plurality of roughly hemispheric small concavo-convex on the 1st radiation direction control module surface, and, be configured in than the more close exit facet side of the 2nd radiation direction control module.As mentioned above, for the oblique light of injecting the 2nd radiation direction control module, make light from the part of the 2nd radiation direction control module protuberance to the frontal outgoing.That is,, then produce the fine light and shade parallel with directions X if at length observe the protuberance of the 2nd radiation direction control module.Utilize small concavo-convexly, the angular distribution of Y direction is disperseed, thereby can eliminate described fine light and shade.In addition, preferred small concavo-convex can optionally the configuration.Light-emitting area is provided with under the situation of LCD panel etc., according to the small concavo-convex dispersion effect that causes of configuration randomly, can reduce the ripple that interference produced because of the arrangement cycle of protuberance with periodic pixel and the 2nd radiation direction control module.

After the protuberance that forms the 1st radiation direction control module, utilize the fine-grained solution of coating dispersion such as sprayer, or the female mold of preparing the cylinder shape will be disperseed fine-grained resin extrusion molding, prepare flat female mold again, and use to disperse the in addition 2P moulding of resin of fine-grained UV cured type, thus, can obtain that this is small concavo-convex.

The difference of the refractive index of the particulate of preferred this moment and the refractive index of the 1st radiation direction control module protuberance Z is below 0.1.And, more preferably below 0.05.If this is because greater than 0.1, then the scattering process that the reason refringence caused and light-focusing function is reduced.

Embodiment 6

The lighting device of embodiments of the present invention 6 has the projection that keeps light control member, and this projection is made of the photopermeability material, and the horizontal profile of projection is round-shaped, with the diameter of the contacted projection leading section of light control member be below the 1mm.

The example of the preferred implementation of lighting device provided by the invention has been shown among Figure 33.Lighting device has by directions X and the rectangle exit facet that constitutes with Y direction perpendicular to directions X, linear light source 1 is in being parallel to an imaginary plane of described directions X and Y direction, be parallel to the Y direction and be configured along directions X, light control member 2 is configured in described exit facet side of having arranged linear light source, and, interarea is parallel with the described imaginary plane of arranging linear light source 1, in the exit facet side, form the protuberance 3 on a plurality of ridges from the teeth outwards, this protuberance 3 forms in the mode that the crest line of the ridge shape that is positioned at the top is parallel to the Y direction, and arrange along directions X, have overleaf and be parallel to directions X and the set reflecting plate 4 of Y direction, and projection 5.

Secondly, schematically show near the enlarged drawing of concrete state of the part of the projection 5 that is equivalent to dispose Figure 33 among Figure 34 and Figure 35 respectively, the figure that observes the lighting device that takes off light control member 2 from the top has been shown among Figure 36.

As the unit of the light control member 2 of fixed projection 5, for example, as shown in figure 36, on the central part of the longitudinal direction of described lighting device, on transverse direction, install symmetrically.But, according to the size of lighting device or the crooked situation of light diffusing sheet etc., can suitably change the position or the number of this projection 5, also can be provided with a plurality of.In the following description, as shown in figure 36, to the central part of the longitudinal direction of described lighting device and on transverse direction left and right symmetrically respectively be provided with one and add up to the example of installing 2 to describe.

In Figure 34, Figure 35 and Figure 37, plane of incidence side at light control member 2 forms smooth face, form the protuberance 3 of ridge shape in the exit facet side, be parallel to Y direction ground in the exit facet side of lighting device the crest line of ridge shape is formed on the surface of described light control member 2, and arrange along directions X.In addition, as shown in figure 34, described projection 5 also can be by Continuous pressing device for stereo-pattern etc. and is carried out integratedly with reflecting plate 4, as shown in figure 35, also can be embedded in the reflecting plate 4.

Secondly, the reason that occurs shadow because of projection 5 on light control member 2 is described.Form the protuberance of a plurality of ridges shape from the teeth outwards in the exit facet side of described light control member 2, this protuberance forms in the mode that the crest line of the ridge shape that is positioned at the top is parallel to the Y direction, and, in the light control member of arranging along directions X 2, if the projection 5 that utilization is made of opaque material is covered the light from linear light source 1, then as shown in figure 37, this light can't arrive light control member 2, consequently, if observe, then can see the shadow of described projection 5 from the exiting surface of light control member 2.Particularly, having used forming under the situation of light control member 2 of protuberance of ridge shape among the present invention, exist to produce and to see that the shadow of the projection 5 that is made of opaque material is the situation of this problem of two layers in the exit facet side.

On the other hand, in the light diffusing sheet that contains the light diffusing particulate that replaces existing light control member and be used in a large number, because the light scattering effect is stronger, even therefore under the situation of plane of incidence existence by the light shielding portion that jut caused of light diffusing sheet, be used to scattered light, on the light diffusing sheet exit facet, also almost cannot see the shadow of jut from other light incident section.The degree of light scattering effect that can discern the shadow of jut also is subjected to the influence of the characteristic of light diffusing particulate, but roughly exist with ... the concentration of light diffusing particulate, being under the situation about containing, can discern the shadow of jut less than the light diffusing sheet of the light diffusing particulate of 1 Quality Mgmt Dept.

Therefore, for employed projection in the lighting device of the present invention, also needing is that content for the light diffusing particulate can be with the shape or the material of its shadow projection less than the light control member of 1 Quality Mgmt Dept.Below, particularly the shape of preferred projection, material etc. are described.

As the horizontal profile shape of the projection of using in the lighting device of the present invention, be that circular this point is extremely important, still, and need not be circle on the strict meaning, also comprise the circular situation that is roughly.For example, the ratio of minor axis length and long axis length is that the regular polygon oval or more than positive 16 dihedrals more than 0.8 also can be considered the circle among the present invention, still, is not limited to these shapes certainly.In lighting device as an embodiment of the invention, a part that incides the light of light control member from linear light source is reflected by light control member on one side and sees through exit facet on one side, and another part then is reflected to light control member inside on exit facet.Therefore, have at the horizontal profile of projection under the situation of shape at so-called edge of quadrangle etc.,, therefore on the exit facet of light control member, produce the shadow of projection easily because the direct of travel of light changes hastily in both sides of edges.On the other hand, under the situation of horizontal profile for more flat elliptical shape of projection, extended mode from the light that passes through projection of linear light source differs on long axis of ellipse direction and short-axis direction greatly, and therefore in the case, direction according to the observation also is easy to generate the shadow of projection.That is, the horizontal profile shape of projection is set to circular, thus, even under the situation of observing from all directions, all is difficult to recognize the shadow of projection, and is preferred thus.

In addition, the projection of using in the lighting device of the present invention is formed by the permeability material, and this point is quite important.Material as forming projection preferably forms with transparent material, if what is called is transparent, then also can preferably use any one of thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin.As its object lesson, can list: (methyl) propylene resin, (methyl) acrylonitrile-styrol acrylic copolymer resin, phenylethylene resin series, aromatic vinyl are that resin, olefin-based resin, ethene-vinyl acetate acrylic copolymer resin, ethlyene dichloride are that resin, vinyl esters are that resin, Merlon, fluororesin, urethane resin, silicone resin, acid amides are resin, imide series resin, polyester based resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, urea resin, melamine resin etc.Forming by opaque material under the situation of projection, on light diffusing sheet, form shadow, not preferred.And the light transmission rate that does not produce the photopermeability material of shadow is preferably more than 60%, more preferably more than 80%.

And, shape as the projection of using in the lighting device of the present invention, section is roughly circle, for keeping light control member, can adopt about diameter 1～10mm, the material about diameter 1～6mm more preferably, but be below the 1mm with the diameter of the contacted projection leading section of light control member importantly, the preferably scope of 0.1～0.8mm, the more preferably scope of 0.1～0.5mm.Plane of incidence side at described light control member forms under the situation of jog, aspect the maintenance light control member, the spacing of preferred described jog is for more than at double, the diameter preferred range of leading section is 0.1～1mm, the scope of 0.1～0.8mm more preferably, the scope of 0.1～0.5mm is the most preferred.Therefore light from linear light source generally is diffused light, when considering to form the light path of light of shadow, utilizes the effect of diffused light can the shadow of projection is thin out.But, on the point that light control member contacts with projection, almost there is not the diffusion of light, therefore still can see the shadow of projection.Therefore, for light control member and the contacted point of projection, we can say the smaller the better usually.In addition, projected front ends portion is not defined as the situation on plane, also can to the jog of the plane of incidence side that is formed at described light control member with in contacting of projection leading section do not have the scope of obstacle, have mild concavo-convex.

As the configuration mode of projection, the mode on being configured in reflecting plate shown in Figure 34 4, there is not projection if on light control member 2, form shadow, also can be other shape or structure.For example, as shown in figure 35, also can be for being embedded into the form in the reflecting plate 4, in addition, also can be for support linear light source 1 and light control member 2 both sides' form with a jut 5.

Embodiment 7

In embodiments of the present invention 7, for the roughly whole face of the bright dipping side surface of the interarea of described reflecting plate be parallel to described X-axis and along concavity described Y-axis, systematicness with and/or the situation of the shape of stripes of convex describe.At this, as an example of light control member, use light diffusing sheet to describe, but be not limited thereto, also can be described smooth pervasion component.

As the material of light pervasion component, to have the material of light transmission.If thermoplastic resin is easy to manufacture and light, be preferred therefore.As thermoplastic resin, if be used as the material of the matrix material of optical material usually, then preferably use, usually, use the thermoplastic resin of light transmission.For example, can list methacryl resin, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, cyclic olefin resins, metering system-styrene copolymer resin, cycloolefin-olefine copolymer resin etc.

In addition, light diffusing sheet also can be with various microparticulate in inside.This is the organic and inorganic particulate of knowing as diffusion materials, thus, can eliminate brightness disproportionation.In addition, also can be because of other purposes of the rerum natura that improves formability or plate etc., and make inside be dispersed with various particulates.For improving the light utilization ratio, preferably the absorption of the light of this particulate is less.That is, preferably clear is higher and reflectivity is more high.In addition, also should do one's utmost to suppress use amount because of same reasons.Suppress use amount improve aspect dispersed also favourable.As the method that suppresses or cut down the use of photodiffusion material, can list the situation of the surface configuration of using light diffusing sheet.Particularly, the ridge shape protuberance parallel with Y-axis is set, thus, can eliminates effectively because of having disposed the caused brightness disproportionation of the linear light source parallel with Y-axis.

As the material of reflecting plate, can list metal with reflexive aluminium, silver, stainless steel etc., white coating, and the resin of the fine foaming of tool etc. in order to improve reflection efficiency.Also can be on the substrate surface of resin etc. evaporation metal etc. and the reflectivity member only is set on the top layer.This exists in the situation that lightweight or cost of material aspect become favourable.The reflectivity of reflecting plate is higher to be preferred improving on the light utilization ratio.From then on viewpoint is set out, preferably silver, foaming PET resin etc.In addition, light being carried out scattered reflection is being preferred aspect the raising outgoing uniformity of light.From then on viewpoint is set out, preferably foaming PET resin etc.

As the concavity of the bright dipping side surface of described reflecting plate interarea with and/or the example of the shape of stripes of convex, can list roughly whole face becomes the shape of one or more concavities, and roughly whole face becomes the shape of one or more convexs, one or more prism-like etc.If a shape then is easier to make, and is under a plurality of situations, effective to installing the slimming aspect.Need systematicness ground to arrange, be easier to control the light direction of light and improving aspect such as productivity, preferably identical size, shape.

The gradient of the shape of stripes of concavity and/or convex is big more, then can make the light of more shallow angle towards frontal more, still, usually, for the light of more shallow angle, because the light distance is longer, so, there is no too much influence.In addition,, then exist reverberation further to collide other positions of reflecting plate and make order of reflection increase too much situation, consequently, cause the leakage loss of light to be lost if increase gradient.In addition, whole two directions from directions X of reflecting plate receive light, thus, can improve uniformity easily, and still, if gradient is excessive, then the light of a direction is difficult to incident, so not preferred.

Concavity with and/or the shape of stripes of convex be under the situation of prism-like, the drift angle with the ZX section at the opposed prism of linear light source top is preferably 70～130 degree, more preferably 90～120 degree most preferably are 100～110 degree.In addition, between adjacent shape of stripes, the par is set, thus, can adjusts order of reflection, receive light easily, so preferred from twocouese.

Recess with and/or the width of the preferred directions X of size of protuberance be 0.1mm～50mm.If below the 0.1mm, then be difficult to form correct shape.More preferably more than the 0.5mm.In addition, if more than the 50mm, then install the meeting thickening, so not preferred.More preferably below the 20mm.

In addition, the thickness of preferred reflecting plate is 0.5mm～50mm.If below the 0.5mm, the then distortion because of causing that Yin Wendu causes easily is to the control generation harmful effect of radiation direction.Be preferably more than the 1mm.In addition, if more than the 50mm, then device meeting thickening is therefore not preferred.More preferably below the 20mm.

Recess with and/or the protuberance utilization method that the resin sheet behind the surperficial figuration is overlapping etc. is realized.Reflecting plate integral body also can be along the recess on surface with and/or the shape of protuberance, thus, compare and can carry out lightweight with on the single face of plate, forming concavo-convex situation, can enoughly make metallic plate be out of shape this straightforward procedure and make.In addition, on the single face of plate, form concavo-convex method and make, this in extrusion molding that utilizes thermoplastic resin or punch forming, to be caused concavo-convex figuration to wait when making by ultraviolet hardening resin be easily.Compared with making metallic plate be out of shape this method, can make fine shape easily, favourable to the slimming of device.

On the one-sided interarea of light diffusing sheet, have and be parallel to described Y-axis and along the ridge portion of the striated of a plurality of systematicness of described X-axis, thus, this lighting device has and is parallel to Y-axis and along a plurality of striateds ridge portion of described X-axis, so, can eliminate the brightness disproportionation that becomes significant X-direction because of in the linear light source that is parallel to the Y-axis configuration equally effectively, the rising angle that perhaps can control X-direction distributes.

Will be arbitrarily described linear light source M and be in distance between near its other linear light sources M ' be made as D, when the distance of this linear light source M and described light diffusing sheet is made as H, in the section that is parallel to the described X-axis ZX plane parallel with described Z axle, arbitrfary point on described incidence surface is being α=Tan with respect to described Z axle ^-1(D/2)/total light transmittance of the light of the angle incident of H} is more than 50%, and, if this total light transmittance is 1.05～5 times at the total light transmittance of the light of the some glazing on the described incidence surface during from normal direction incident, then the light of linear light source is incident to directly over the linear light source of incidence surface with the strongest energy, is that incident angle is that the total light transmittance of the light of 0 degree descends, with the most weak energy incident be equivalent between linear light source the position, be incidence angle α=Tan ^-1(D/2)/the outgoing energy of the light of H} about equally, thereby can make outgoing uniformity of energy in the face, eliminate brightness disproportionation.This is with the shape of ridge portion the part of the light directly over the linear light source to be reflexed to the reflecting plate side, to adjust the ratio of total light transmittance.

In this purpose, preferred ridge portion is following shape.

Under the situation that ridge portion is set on the light inlet, the section on preferred ZX plane is leg-of-mutton prism shape.Near the drift angle at the prism top of linear light source, can decide in the following manner.The direct of travel of the light when the inner generation of the prism total reflection on being formed at the incidence surface of light diffusing sheet has been shown among Figure 40.If the refractive index of light diffusing sheet is made as n, the incident angle of the normal direction of the relative incidence surface of incident light is made as ε 1, after then utilizing the prism be formed at incidence surface to carry out total reflection, this light of advancing can calculate as following mode at the angle ε 5 of the relative normal direction of light diffusing sheet inside.

ε2＝δ1-ε1

ε3＝Sin ^-1{(sinε2)/n}

ε4＝δ1-ε3+δ2-90°

ε5＝90°-(ε4+δ2)

Consider that from purport of the present invention the exit direction of light is preferably the frontal of light diffusing sheet.Therefore, in the inside of light diffusing sheet, the light 25 of preferably advancing is advanced in the normal direction of exiting surface.Therefore, under the situation of ε 1=α, 5≤20 ° of preferred-20 °≤ε.In addition, more preferably-10 °≤5≤10 ° of ε.And, preferably select δ 1, δ 2 in the mode that becomes 5≤5 ° of-5 °≤ε.Thus, utilize ridge portion, not only can eliminate brightness disproportionation, and, also can realize the raising of front face brightness simultaneously because of the light direction control of X-direction.

For example, if be made as 1.54, then be preferably 1≤72 ° of 55 °≤δ with being made as the refractive index n that separating distance H between 33mm, linear light source center and light diffusing sheet is made as 15mm, light diffusing sheet 4 apart from D between linear light source.In addition, 1≤67 ° of 59 °≤δ more preferably.And, preferably select 1≤65 ° of 61 °≤δ.

Prism also can form continuously, also the par can be set betwixt.Total light transmittance can be improved in the par, can adjust the ratio of total light transmittance.

In addition, the ridge portion on incidence surface, also can be provided with fine concavo-convex.Improve diffusivity, thus, can further improve uniformity.If it is strong excessively by this concavo-convex diffusion that causes, then the effect as the light control of the function of the incidence surface of reflecting plate or light diffusing sheet reduces, be difficult to carry out the control of front face brightness or rising angle distribution, so, prism or aspect ratio small random concavo-convex etc. of preferred parallel more than 120 degree of the drift angle of X-axis.The concavo-convex exiting surface side that is arranged on usually that this is fine still, is provided with other prism or at random concavo-convex on the par of incidence surface side, or to be set at random concavo-convex on the prism on the incidence surface also be effective.

In addition, under the situation that ridge portion is set on the exiting surface, the section shape on ZX plane can decide in the following manner.

Roughly inclined plane part and curved face part constitute the three-dimensional shape of described protuberance to form 2 of acute angle theta, thus, in described roughly straight line portion and curved portion, because the optically focused on the light exiting surface and the degree of diffusion are different, so, can further improve the optically focused performance and the diffusion of exiting surface, and can further effectively improve the homogenising of brightness in the exiting surface.

In addition, as Figure 42 and shown in Figure 43, in this shape, the light that impinges upon from equidirectional incident on the line part roughly reflects or reflects at equidirectional, so, control light direction easily, carry out easily obtaining the optical design that desirable brightness angular distribution is used.As shown in figure 42, oblique incidence is to the oblique incidence light of the incidence surface of light diffusing sheet, in the section part of straight line roughly, utilizes refraction action, can make its from the exiting surface side outgoing of light diffusing sheet near frontal.That is, utilize ridge portion not only can eliminate brightness disproportionation, and the raising that can reach front face brightness by the light direction control of X-direction simultaneously.

And the radius of curvature of the curve at the top of formation outline line can be infinitely great,, also can be straight line that is.In addition, also form serially, also can the par be set, utilize the par can improve total light transmittance, can adjust the ratio of total light transmittance in the centre.

In addition, the ridge portion on exiting surface, also can be provided with fine concavo-convex.Improve diffusivity, thus, can further improve uniformity.If because of this concavo-convex diffusion that causes strong excessively, then will reduce as the light control effect of the function of the exiting surface of reflecting plate or light diffusing sheet, be difficult to carry out the control of front face brightness or rising angle distribution, so, prism or aspect ratio small random concavo-convex etc. of preferred parallel more than 120 degree of the drift angle of X-axis.The concavo-convex incidence surface side that is arranged on usually that this is fine still, is provided with other prism or at random concavo-convex on the par of exiting surface side, or is set at random concavo-convex also effective on the prism on the exiting surface.

In addition, as purpose, the section shape on ZX plane can decide in the following manner with the control of the light direction of the X-direction of ridge portion.

At this,, also the illuminance distributionization of frontal, high-quality and the section shape design ridge portion that bright dipping high brightness is used are narrated when improving front face brightness as the control of light direction.Its effect is, can reasonably be applied to still, use identical idea on the purposes of lighting device, image display device of a lot of purposes, can carry out the light direction control of various X-directions.

The first, on basis, can realize making the homogenising that goes out luminous intensity towards the frontal of X-direction of linear light source with the illuminance distributionization of frontal.This is to utilize will 3 adjacent linear light sources to be made as more than 60% and realization towards the minimum of a value that goes out luminous intensity of frontal and peaked ratio.

Second, track about the light in the ZX plane of linear light source, the gradient of known adjusting refractive index and each surface location and make the situation of light towards the front, to on linear light source, will make the lenticular of Fresnel lens shape or lens-shaped etc. with the section shape that the ZX plane was cut off, and with method that linear light source is configured as the mode of focus etc., but, if these are to form the shape of ridge portion with the distribution that makes light towards the lens same tilt angle of frontal, then the position of linear light source and ridge portion relation staggers along the XY plane, thus, even focal position skew, the ratio of the light of advancing towards frontal is still constant.That is, can set ridge portion with shape, the size of easy moulding.And the width of ridge portion is the length of X-direction, is preferably below the 0.5mm in the purposes of liquid crystal indicator.

As if the shape that designs ridge portion according to these two kinds of thoughts, then not only the brightness of frontal is even and front face brightness is high, and does not need the contraposition of ridge portion and linear light source.

As mentioned above, if according to the embodiment of the present invention 7, according to the shape of reflecting plate, carry out the optically focused of a direction parallel with linear light source, thus, provide high brightness and light utilization ratio higher lighting device and image display device.In addition, the shape of reflecting plate is set as the shape of rule, thus, there are not optical design change or brightness reduction or brightness uniformity reduction with the member together that maximizes, so, can correspondingly easily maximize, do not need the tight position contraposition of linear light source and reflecting plate.In addition, utilize light diffusing sheet can eliminate the light mirage phantom of the brightness disproportionation of the conduct direction vertical with linear light source.Thus, high-quality illumination light can be obtained,, then high quality images can be obtained if be used for image display device.Because the use that can cut down or avoid brightness to improve the optical thin film of film etc., so, can make to simplify the structure.In addition, can eliminate the light mirage phantom effectively according to the surface configuration of light diffusing sheet, so, also can significantly cut down or avoid the use amount of light diffusing agent, thus, the loss of light is less, consequently, can obtain the effect of energy-conservation, as to reduce heating, light source number of packages reduction etc.In addition, the surface configuration of light diffusing sheet is made the shape of rule, thus, because of optical design change, brightness reduction or the brightness uniformity that does not have the member that accompanies with maximization reduces, so, can correspondingly easily maximize, do not need the tight contraposition of linear light source and light diffusing sheet.

Embodiment

The embodiment of working of an invention mode 1

The embodiments of the invention mode below is shown.

The structure of lighting device of the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 1 has been shown in the sketch map of Fig. 1.

At first, the length of preparing not shown directions X is that the length of 458mm, Y direction is 730mm, is 35mm and is that the length of 698mm, Y direction is the shell of rectangular-shaped white ABS resin system of peristome of the rectangle of 416mm in the length that exiting side has a directions X perpendicular to the length of the thickness direction of directions X and Y direction.

Secondly, being in mode with the bottom of the opposed position of peristome of the exiting side of described shell with covering disposes by the foaming PET resin and constitutes and reflectivity is 95% reflecting plate 4.

Secondly, dispose linear light source at the be separated by interval of 2mm of the exiting side of described reflecting plate abreast with this reflecting plate.As linear light source 1, disposing a plurality of diameters abreast along directions X and Y direction is that 3mm, length are the cold-cathode tube of 700mm.Among the embodiment and comparative example beyond embodiment 7,16 cold-cathode tubes of the arranged spaced of the 22mm of whenever being separated by.In embodiment 7,12 cold-cathode tubes of the arranged spaced of the 30mm of whenever being separated by.

Secondly, dispose light control member 2 in the mode that covers peristome.Described light control member is parallel with this reflecting plate 4 with the interval of 14mm in the exiting side of described linear light source 1.Size for this light control member, the length of Y direction is 707mm, the length of directions X is 436mm, and not comprising perpendicular to the thickness of the protuberance height of the thickness direction of directions X and Y direction should the thickness T to the protuberance bottom be 2mm from the plane of incidence of light control member promptly.

H from the center of linear light source 1 to light control member 2 is 15.5mm, for the center distance D each other of adjacent linear light source 1, is 25mm in the embodiment except embodiment 6, comparative example, is 33mm in embodiment 6.

Be formed at the protuberance 3 of the ridge shape on the exit facet of light control member, be to use parallel and to make width continuously be that the mould of recess of ditch shape of 0.3mm is formed by machining.The ultraviolet hardening resin of refractive index 1.55 is coated on the cutting face of described mould, overlapping thereon refractive index as copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene be 1.55 lengthwise be 436mm, horizontal wide for 707mm, thickness be the transparent resin plate of 2mm, last irradiation ultraviolet radiation from this transparent resin plate, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis, thereby obtain light control member.The refractive index n of protuberance=1.55, the refractive index n of matrix material ₂=1.55.But, in embodiment 13, replace transparent resin plate, use siloxane-based copolymer particle (the Tu Sipaer 120:GE SILICON of Toshiba (thigh) system that contains 0.04Wt%, number average particle diameter 2 μ m, CV value 3%) as the profiled sheeting of the particulate of photodiffusion material, make light control member.

The profiled sheeting that contains photodiffusion material is made in the following manner.

By the Henschel mixer will be identical with the material of the transparent resin plate of the making that in other embodiment, is used for light control member copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene particle, photodiffusion material, and mixed as 2 (5-methyl-2 hydroxy benzenes) BTA, the 0.1 quality % of ultra-violet absorber after, using extruder to be dissolved mixes, under 200 ℃ of extrusion resin temperature, the making width is that 1000mm, thickness are the profiled sheeting of 2mm.It is cut, and thus, becoming lengthwise is 436mm, the horizontal wide 707mm that is.

In addition,,, use the transparent panel of on an interarea, implementing embossing processing, make protuberance, thus, obtain light control member at the face of not implementing this processing as transparent panel about embodiment 14.The face that carries out after embossing is processed is the plane of incidence side of this light control member.The surface roughness of this face, the arithmetic average roughness Ra that draws according to the determination method of JIS B 0601-1994 is 3 μ m.

For the slot part shape of mould, will have according to the N shown in the table 1, f (X), X _MinX _MaxThe width α of gradient Φ that is determined and directions X _iEach zone-N～N, make according to the mode that the order in the zone shown in the same table 1 is arranged.

Embodiment 1～10 and embodiment 13～14 are approximately curve with least square method with the All Ranges of each protuberance.As the point that is used to be similar to, use 2 at the both ends of protuberance and all contacts (2N) point in each zone.

Table 1 is illustrated in the evaluation result under this state.

[table 1]

	D	f(x)	N	X min	X max	Curve approximation	Zone number	g(X) min/ g(X) max	G(X) min/ G(X) max	Positive bright dipping ratio (%)
											Embodiment 1	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		87％	95％	66％
Embodiment
	2	25	cos 2α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		92％	97％	68％
Embodiment
	3	25	cos 3α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	79％	95％	68％
Embodiment
	4	25	Gaussian distribution Annotate 1	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	67％	92％	65％
Embodiment
	5	25	(1/D)·X	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	83％	97％	68％
Embodiment
	6	33	cos 2α	50	-33	33	Curve approximation	Class1	86％	91％	63％
Embodiment
	7	25	cos 2α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Type	2	78％	94％	59％
Embodiment
	8	25	cos 2α	50	-50	-50	Curve approximation	Class1		87％	98％	58％
Embodiment
	9	25	cos 2α	50	-75	75	Curve approximation	Class1		88％	98％	53％
Embodiment 10													25	cos 2α	50	-12.5	12.5	Curve approximation	Class1		60％	99％	62％
	Embodiment
11		25	cos 2α	25	-25	25	Straight line	Type	3	77％	95％	61％
	Embodiment
12		25	cos 2α	11	-25	25	Straight line	Class1	74％	94％	67％
	Embodiment 13											25	cos 3α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		85％	99％	68％
Embodiment
	14	25	cos 3α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		85％	99％	60％
Comparative example 1													25	-	-	-	-	-	-	5％	33％	88％
	Comparative example 2	25	-	-	-	-	-	-	85％	98％	41％
Comparative example 3												25	-	-	-	-	-	-	5％	20％	-

Annotate 1) Gaussian distribution

$f\left(X\right)=e^{-\left(\frac{{(X-\mathrm{\μ})}^2}{{2\mathrm{\σ}}^2}\right)}$ (σ＝10.μ＝0)

＜protuberance zone number 〉

Class1: zone number i complies with from ora terminalis to the ora terminalis of protuberance to rise order or fall tactic.

Type 2: be at zone number 0 ,-1 ,-2 ... after-the N, according to N, N-1 ... 1 tactic.

Type 3:51 zone is tactic according to following zone number.

<-25，-24，...-14，-13，-6，-5，...-2，-1，-12，-11，...-8，-7，0，7，8，...11，12，1，2，...5，6，13，14，...24，25>

＜positive bright dipping ratio 〉

The ratio of whole ejaculation light of the light of outgoing and light in spending with the scope of interior angle with the normal direction formation 30 of exit facet.

The distribution of light intensity that goes out at frontal is estimated by the distribution of measuring front face brightness.The distribution of front face brightness is that the distance of measuring point of luminance meter with the exit facet side that is in light control member remained under the fixing state, while luminance meter is moved and measures at the directions X 1mm of whenever being separated by.In addition, for mensuration, at first, the brightness of measuring point is measured while change angle at the bright dipping ratio of frontal.At this moment, change angle gradually along the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to light control member and the section of X-direction.At this moment, the distance of measuring point with luminance meter and the exit facet side that is in light control member remains fixing.Secondly, the value of the brightness of each angle of obtaining is converted to energy must be worth, calculate with normal direction as the light control member interarea be the frontal angles that constitute 30 degree with the energy of interior institute outgoing can with the ratio of the energy of all outgoing.

Secondly, the permeation type liquid crystal display floater is positioned in the exiting side of the lighting device of embodiment 1,, observes from the front as image display device.Consequently, can obtain there is not uneven bright image.

(comparative example)

As a comparative example 1, it is that the prismatic lens of prism of the ridge shapes of 90 degree disposes in the prism mode parallel with linear light source that exit facet is formed with drift angle.The result who observes from frontal is, part directly over linear light source, and the change that brightness reduces is big, and it is big that the brightness disproportionation in the face becomes.

The principle of the photocontrol of this prismatic lens shown in Figure 13, Figure 14.As shown in figure 13, the light 7 that incides the plane of incidence of prismatic lens 11 from normal direction all carries out total reflection, turns back to light source side as reverberation 10, and total light transmittance that therefore should the zone is zero on principle, and measured value also is 5%, and is very low.On the other hand, as shown in figure 14, by the protuberance refraction, near the front, therefore show higher total light transmittance from the light 7 of tilted direction incident.Be 90% in the structure of having implemented.In this example, brightness disproportionation is not eliminated.

In addition, the permeation type liquid crystal display floater is put exiting side in this lighting device,, observe from the front as image display device.Consequently, the image that is obtained has significant brightness disproportionation.

As a comparative example 2, implement to use the common light diffusing sheet that contains particulate to replace the evaluation of this light control member.

For light diffusing sheet, use siloxane-based copolymer particle (the Tu Sipaer 2000B:GE SILICON of Toshiba (thigh) system of 1.9 quality %, number average particle diameter 5 μ m, CV value 8%) as photodiffusion material, employed profiled sheeting is made in the same manner during with making light control member in embodiment 13.

The light control member of the lighting device of utilization and embodiment 1 exchanges formed structure and makes lighting device, and is compared.Under state with cold-cathode tube lighting, if measure the brightness of described light diffusing sheet from frontal, part directly over cold-cathode tube then, brightness is higher, at adjacent cold-cathode tube (tiltedly top) each other, brightness step-down.Thus, partly reach oblique top in the straight feelings of cold-cathode tube, both luminance differences are bigger, thus, greatly reduce as the brightness uniformity of the frontal of picture display face.

In addition, the permeation type liquid crystal display floater is put exiting side in this lighting device,, observe from the front as image display device.Consequently, the image that is obtained is compared with the situation of the lighting device that has used described embodiment 1, obviously deepening.

As a comparative example 3, light diffusing sheet that will employed profiled sheeting is identical when making light control member in embodiment 13 is as light diffusing sheet, exchange formed structure according to light control member and make lighting device, and compared with the lighting device of embodiment 13.Under this situation, the light mirage phantom is remarkable, and ratio G (X) _Min/ G (X) _MaxBe 20%, brightness irregularities is not eliminated.

The embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 2

In the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 1, using refractive index is that 1.55 material forms light control member, but to replace this material and use refractive index be 1.58 material.Table 2 is expressed the evaluation result of light control member of the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 2.At this,, make light control member in the same manner with the embodiment 1～14 of embodiments of the present invention 1 about embodiment 15～28, comparative example 1,2.With respect to this, in the comparative example 4, be that 1.55 material uses as protuberance and matrix material with refractive index, other and embodiment 15 make light control member in the same manner.As shown in table 2, if embodiment 15～28 is compared with comparative example 1,2,4, then can obtain not have the bright image of brightness disproportionation.

[table 2]

	D	f(x)	N	X min	X max	Curve approximation	Zone number	g(X) min/ g(X) max	G(X) min/ G(X) max	Positive bright dipping ratio (%)
											Embodiment 15	25	cos α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		87％	95％	66％
Embodiment 16	25	cos 2 α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		92％	97％													68％
											Embodiment
17	25	cos 3 α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	79％	95％	68％
											Embodiment 18	25	Gaussian distribution Annotate 1)	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	67％	92％	65％
Embodiment 19	25	(1/D)·X	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	83％	97％	68％
											Embodiment
20	33	cos 2 α	50	-33	33	Curve approximation	Class1	86％	91％	63％
											Embodiment 21	25	cos 2 α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Type	2	78％	94％	59％
Embodiment
	22	25	cos 2 α	50	-50	-50	Curve approximation	Class1		87％	98％	58％
Embodiment 23													25	cos 2 α	50	-75	75	Curve approximation	Class1		88％	98％	53％
	Embodiment 24	25	cos 2 α	50	-12.5	12.5	Curve approximation	Class1		60％	99％	62％
Embodiment
	25	25	cos 2 α	25	-25	25	Straight line	Type	3	77％	95％	61％
Embodiment 26													25	cos 2 α	11	-25	25	Straight line	Class1	74％	94％	67％
	Embodiment 27	25	cos 3 α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		85％	99％	68％
Embodiment 28													25	cos 3 α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		85％	99％	60％
	Comparative example 1	25	-	-	-	-	-	-	5％	33％	88％
Comparative example 2												25	-	-	-	-	-	-	85％	98％	41％
	Comparative example 4	25	cos α	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1		87％	95％											66％

Annotate 1) Gaussian distribution

$f\left(X\right)=e^{-\left(\frac{{(X-\mathrm{\&mu;})}^2}{{2\mathrm{\&sigma;}}^2}\right)}$ (σ＝10，μ＝0)

＜protuberance zone number 〉

Class1: zone number i complies with from ora terminalis to the ora terminalis of protuberance to rise order or yield and pledge allegiance to preface row's.

Type 2: be at zone number 0 ,-1 ,-2 ... after-the N, according to N, N-1 ... 1 tactic.

Type 3:51 zone is tactic according to following zone number.

<-25，-24，...-14，-13，-6，-5，...-2，-1，-12，-11，...-8，-7，0，7，8，...11，12，1，2，...5，6，13，14，...24，25>

＜positive bright dipping ratio 〉

Constitute the ratio of 30 degree with the normal direction of exit facet with whole emergent raies of the light of outgoing in the scope of interior angle and light.

The evaluation result of protuberance shape about the light control member of formation like this etc. has been shown in table 3.As shown in table 3, be comparative example 4 described later at this comparison other.As shown in table 3, in embodiment 15, the angle of inclination of the paddy portion of the protuberance of light control member is 67 °, and the angle that paddy portion forms is 46 °.With respect to this, in the comparative example 4, the angle of inclination of paddy portion is 71 °, and the angle that paddy portion is constituted is 38 °.

Therefore, embodiment 15 compares with comparative example 4, can further reduce the formed angle of paddy portion of protuberance.Therefore,, in embodiment 15, do not produce subsiding of ditch top, but in comparative example 4, the part at ditch top has produced subsides about the machinability of plane female mold.And, about the fissility of the female mold when the ejection formation, in embodiment 15, can peel off easily, relative therewith, in comparative example 4, need external force when peeling off.

[table 3]

	Refractive index n	The angle of inclination of the paddy portion of protuberance	The angle that the paddy portion of protuberance is constituted	The machinability of plane female mold	The fissility of female mold during ejection formation
						Embodiment 15	1.60	67°	46°	○	○
Comparative example 4	1.55	71°	38°	△	△

The embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 3

The assay method among the embodiment and the evaluation method of each rerum natura below are shown.

The radiation direction converter section will be incident to the ratio that the direction of light of the plane of incidence is changed from normal direction, measure in the following manner.Prepare in addition by the light transformation energy that structure the constituted mensuration member that on the light control member of measuring, does not set out photocontrol portion.At the bright dipping control part is under the situation of formed protuberance on the exit facet at light control member, and the exit facet that the light transformation energy is measured with member is the even surface parallel with the plane of incidence.From normal direction directional light is exposed to this light transformation energy and measure the plane of incidence of using member, determine the ratio of the light of light direction variation with the turbidity value meter.In addition, usually, the radiation direction control of bright dipping control part can be predicted with common calculating, in this case, directly measure the brightness angular distribution of light control member, thus, also can calculate the radiation direction converter section and will incide the ratio that the direction of light of the plane of incidence is changed from normal direction.In present embodiment and comparative example, utilize method according to (JIS K7136) method, use turbidity value meter (HR-100: color research institute (thigh) system in the village) measure.

Arrive the ratio of bright dipping control part about the light of the plane of incidence that incides light control member from light source by the radiation direction converter section, the light transformation energy is measured measured, as its value with the total light transmittance of member.Measure as the light transformation energy and to use member, do not set out beyond the photocontrol portion, with embodiment in the identical method of employed light control member, make respectively.

For employed light diffusing agent in embodiment and the comparative example, (SEM) observes with scanning electron microscope, uses the photo that is obtained, the particle diameter of 200 particles of actual measurement, thus, calculate the standard deviation of number average particle diameter and relative number average grain diameter.

In addition, as the index that particle diameter distributes, try to achieve according to following formula with coefficient of alteration (CV) value that percentage (%) is represented.

CV=(standard deviation/average grain diameter of average grain diameter relatively) * 100

The lighting device that following embodiment and comparative example use following structure is estimated.The protuberance of the exit facet side of light control member is that the width that is arranged in parallel within on the exit facet is the ridge shape of 0.3mm, uses the mould of the parallel recess that is provided with the ditch shape, and forms with ejection formation.For the detail sections shape of protuberance, be with f (X)=cos ²α, N=50, X _Min:=-25, X _Max=25, be arranged in order and the profile that obtains until zone-50～50, use full summit to carry out the shape of curve approximation with least square method.

The interarea size of light control member is that 707mm * 436mm and thickness are 2mm.

The material of reflecting plate is the foaming PET resin, and reflectivity is 95%.

That prepares 458mm * 730mm * 35mm has the shell of rectangular-shaped white ABS resin system of peristome of the rectangle of 698mm * length 416mm in exiting side.

Secondly, be in mode with the opposed locational bottom of exiting side peristome of described shell, dispose described reflecting plate with covering.

Secondly, the interval of the 2mm of being separated by on the exiting side of described reflecting plate disposes linear light source abreast with this reflecting plate.As linear light source 1, disposing diameter abreast along directions X and Y direction is that 3mm, length are a plurality of cold-cathode tubes of 700mm, 16 cold-cathode tubes of the arranged spaced of the 22mm of being separated by respectively.

Secondly, dispose light control member in the mode that covers peristome.

Distance from the center of linear light source to light control member is 15.5mm, and the center of adjacent linear light source distance each other is 25mm.

Embodiment 29

After with the Henschel mixer methyl methacrylate acrylic particle (M B X R-8 N: ponding changes into product industry (thigh) corporate system, number average particle diameter 8 μ mm, CV value 25%) of metering system-styrenic copolymer resin particle (TX-800S: current potential chemical industry (thigh) corporate system, refractive index n D:1.55) and 0.25 quality % being mixed, with ejection formation (280 ℃ of extrusion resin temperature), make the light control member of horizontal wide 340mm * lengthwise 270mm and thickness 2mm.Use this light control member to form described lighting device, and estimated.Evaluation result shown in Figure 19.

Embodiment 30

Except the methyl methacrylate acrylic particle (MBXR-8N: ponding changes into product industry (thigh) corporate system, number average particle diameter 8 μ mm, CV value 25%) of using 0.13 weight %, all the other are identical with embodiment 29, have made light control member.Use this light control member to form described lighting device, and estimated.Evaluation result has been shown among Figure 19.

Embodiment 31

By the Henschel mixer with styrenic copolymer resin particle (G-100C: Japan's styrene (thigh) corporate system, refractive index n D:1.59), with after the methyl methacrylate acrylic particle of 0.5 quality % (SMX-8V: ponding changes into product industry (thigh) corporate system, number average particle diameter 8 μ mm, CV value 22%) is mixed, with ejection formation (280 ℃ of extrusion resin temperature), make the light control member of horizontal wide 340mm * lengthwise 270mm and thickness 2mm.Use this light control member to form described lighting device, and estimated.Evaluation result has been shown among Figure 19.

Embodiment 32

Except the methyl methacrylate acrylic particle (MBXR-8N: ponding changes into product industry (thigh) corporate system, number average particle diameter 8 μ mm, CV value 25%) of using 0.25 weight %, all the other are identical with embodiment 31, make light control member.Use this light control member to form described lighting device, and estimated, evaluation result has been shown among Figure 19.

Embodiment 33

With methyl-styrenic copolymer resin particle (TX-800S: current potential chemical industry (thigh) corporate system, refractive index n D:1.55) ejection formation (280 ℃ of extrusion resin temperature), make the light control member of horizontal wide 340mm * lengthwise 270mm and thickness 2mm.At this moment, utilize mould to form corrugated surface in plane of incidence side.Use this light control member to form described lighting device, and estimated.Evaluation result has been shown among Figure 19.

Comparative example 5～8

Comparative example 5,6 uses and the radiation direction transition material is distributed to horizontal wide 340mm * lengthwise 270mm in the matrix material and the plate of thickness 2mm replaces light control member.

Comparative example 7,8 uses the plate of horizontal wide 340mm * lengthwise 270mm and thickness 2mm to replace light control member, and forms corrugated surface in plane of incidence side.

And the device of comparative example 5～8 does not have protuberance at emitting side, and is even surface.

The evaluation result of these comparative examples 5～8 has been shown among Figure 19.

The embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 4

In the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 4, roughly the same with the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 1, still, and under any situation of embodiment 34～36, comparative example 9～11,16 cold-cathode tubes of arranged spaced of the 22mm of all respectively being separated by.

Secondly, dispose light control member 2 in the mode that covers peristome.Described light control member is at the emitting side of described linear light source 1, and is parallel with this reflecting plate 4 with the interval of 14mm.Size at this light control member, the length of Y direction is 707mm, the length of directions X is 436mm, does not comprise that perpendicular to the thickness of the protuberance height of the thickness direction of directions X and Y direction promptly the thickness T to the protuberance bottom is 2mm from the plane of incidence of this light control member.

The shape of the ditch portion of each mould of embodiment 34～36 is the N shown in the table 4, f (X), X _Min, X _MaxCommon shape.Therefore, will have width α according to gradient Φ that is determined and directions X _iEach zone-N～N, arrange according to the order in the zone shown in the table 4 equally, and with least square method with the approximate curve that becomes in the whole zone of each protuberance.As the point that is used to be similar to, the point of 2 at the both ends of use protuberance and all contacts (2N) in each zone.

And, embodiment 34 as shown in figure 20, in the smooth plane of incidence side of light control member 2, with the direction of ridge shape protuberance 3 quadratures of exit facet on form the reflective graphics printing of striated.And, in embodiment 34～36,, use silk screen print method as the coating method of reflecting member, as the printing ink of reflecting member, using the urethane that contains titanium oxide is printing ink.Using the reflectivity of reflecting member of the light control member of this printing ink is 95%.

Embodiment 35 in the smooth plane of incidence side of light control member 2, forms the reflective graphics printing of point-like as shown in figure 21.The printing ink method of the coating method of reflecting member and reflecting member is identical with embodiment 34.

Embodiment 36 as shown in figure 22, in the smooth plane of incidence side of control member 2, with protuberance 3 equidirectionals that are formed on the ridge shape on the exit facet on form the reflective graphics printing of striated.The width of printing process, reflectance ink and each striped and spacing are identical with the situation of embodiment 35.

As a comparative example 9～11, on exit facet, be formed with drift angle and be the smooth plane of incidence side of prismatic lens of prism of 90 ° ridge shape, form the reflective graphics printing identical, and prism is configured in the mode parallel with linear light source with embodiment 34～36.The result who observes from frontal is, part directly over linear light source, and it is big that the reduction of brightness becomes, and it is big that the brightness disproportionation in the face becomes.

Evaluation result shown in the table 4 under this state.In addition, table 5 has been summed up the feature of protuberance of ridge shape of exit facet side and the feature of reflective graphics simply.As shown in table 4, if embodiment 34～36 is compared with comparative example 9～11, then can know the bright image that can obtain not have brightness disproportionation.

[table 4]

Annotate 1) the protuberance zone number: according to zone number 0 ,-1 ,-2 ,-N, N-1 ... 1 is tactic.

Positive bright dipping ratio is meant the ratio of light with whole emergent lights of outgoing in spending with the scope of interior angle with the normal direction formation 30 of exit facet.

[table 5]

	The exit facet convex form		The reflective graphics printing of plane of incidence side
										Striated			Point-like		Aperture opening ratio (%)	The reflectivity of printing ink (%)
			Shape	Spacing	Direction	Width	Spacing	Arrange	Diameter
	Embodiment
34		Ellipticity	300μ	Quadrature	50μ	300μ	-	-	83％	95％
	Embodiment 35										Ellipticity	300μ	-	-	-	Sawtooth	20μ	83％	95％
Embodiment 36		Ellipticity	300μ	Parallel	50μ	300μ	-	-	83％	95％
	Comparative example 9										Prism	300μ	Quadrature	50μ	300μ	-	-	83％	95％
Comparative example 10		Prism	300μ	-	-	-	Sawtooth	20μ	83％	95％
	Comparative example 11										Prism	300μ	Parallel	50μ	300μ	-	-	83％	95％

The embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 5

The 2nd radiation direction control module of embodiment 37～39,41～49,51 is to make by following step.Be formed at the protuberance 2 of the ridge shape of exit facet, be to use and utilize machining to come parallel and make continuously that the mould of recess of the ditch shape of width 0.3mm forms.The ultraviolet hardening resin of refractive index 1.55 is coated on the cutting face of described mould, lamination is as the lengthwise 436mm of the refractive index 1.549 of copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene, the transparent resin film (except embodiment 51) of horizontal wide 707mm, thickness 0.1mm thereon, from the top of this transparent resin film irradiation ultraviolet radiation, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis.

In addition, embodiment 37～39,41～49 and 51 the 1st radiation direction control module are made according to following step.The 1st radiation direction control module 3 is to use and utilizes machining to come the mould of recess parallel and that make the ditch shape of width 0.1mm continuously to form.The ultraviolet hardening resin of refractive index 1.55 is coated on the cutting face of described mould, and thereon lamination as the lengthwise 436mm of the refractive index 1.549 of copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene, the transparent resin film of horizontal wide 707mm, thickness 0.1mm, and this transparent resin film top irradiation ultraviolet radiation certainly, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis.

Under the situation that is the platy structure thing, the film that will be formed with described the 1st radiation direction control module by sticker connects airtight on single face on the resin plate surface of thickness 2mm, the film that maybe will be formed with the 2nd radiation direction control module connects airtight in single face, or the film that is formed with the 1st light control module and these two optical the connecting airtight on two-sided that is formed with the film of the 2nd radiation direction control module are obtained.Except embodiment 51, use transparent acrylic panel.

Embodiment 51 uses the siloxane-based copolymer particle (the Tu Sipaer 120:GE SILICON of Toshiba (thigh) system, number average particle diameter 2 μ m, CV value 3%) that contains 0.04Wt% to replace transparent resin plate as the profiled sheeting of the particulate of photodiffusion material, and making has the member of the 1st radiation direction control module.

The 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module of embodiment 40,50 are made according to following steps.At first, utilize the female mold of machining with the 1st radiation direction control module counter-rotating, parallel and make the recess of the ditch shape of width 0.1mm continuously.On the direction of keeping straight on therewith, utilize the female mold of machining, be made into the recess of the ditch shape of width 0.3mm continuously the counter-rotating of the 2nd radiation direction control module.

The ultraviolet hardening resin of refractive index 1.55 is coated on the cutting face of described mould, lamination is as the transparent resin film of the lengthwise 436mm of the refractive index 1.549 of copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene, wide 707mm, thickness 0.1mm thereon, from this transparent resin film top irradiation ultraviolet radiation, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis.Afterwards, the Film Optics that will form described the 1st radiation direction control module and the 2nd radiation direction control module by sticker connects airtight on the transparent propene plate surface of thickness 2mm.

As a comparative example 12～15, configuration has been shown in the table 6 has only had the result of the light control member of the 2nd radiation direction control module.The result who observes from frontal is that the brightness of frontal reduces.

The structure of each embodiment and each comparative example and the result of brightness measuring have been shown in the table 6.

[table 6]

	The 2nd radiation direction control module							The 1st radiation direction control module
																	D	f(x)	N	X min	X max	Curve approximation	Zone number	Formed of the 1st radiation direction control module	Shape	Maximum inclination angle (deg)	Structure	Configuration	g(X) min/ g(X) max	G(X) min/ G(X) max	Front face brightness (cd/m 2)
Embodiment 37	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝35，K＝1.2，A4＝2000	37	Structure 1	Configuration 1	88％	96％	11,043
																Embodiment 38	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝35，K＝1.2，A4＝2000	37	Structure 2	Configuration 1	94％	98％	10,475
Embodiment 39	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝10，K＝0，A4＝0	30	Structure 1	Configuration 1	94％	98％	9,982
																Embodiment 40	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	Exit facet	The prism that drift angle is 90 °	45	Structure 1	Configuration 3	81％	96％	8,517
Embodiment 41	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	Exit facet	C＝150，K＝-1.5，A4＝500	59	Structure 2	Configuration 1	81％	96％	9,473
																Embodiment 42	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	Exit facet	C＝150，K＝-1.5，A4＝500	59	Structure 3	Configuration 2	81％	96％	9,673
Embodiment 43	25	Gaussian distribution Annotate 1)	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝10，K＝0，A4＝0	30	Structure 3	Configuration 2	88％	93％	8,963
																Embodiment 44	25	±(1/D)·X	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	Exit facet	C＝120，K＝-1.2， A4＝-4000	57	Structure 1	Configuration 1	85％	98％	9,767
Embodiment 45	33	cosα	50	-33	33	Curve approximation	Class1	Exit facet	C＝140，K＝-1.8，A4＝900	57	Structure 2	Configuration 1	87％	92％	7,180
																Embodiment 46	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Type 2	Exit facet	C＝40，K＝3，A4＝0	34	Structure 3	Configuration 2	79％	95％	7,689
Embodiment 47	25	cosα	50	-50	-50	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝8，K＝0，A4＝0	24	Structure 1	Configuration 1	89％	99％	8,984
																Embodiment 48	25	cosα	50	-75	75	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝8，K＝0，A4＝0	24	Structure 2	Configuration 1	90％	99％	8,288
Embodiment 49	25	cosα	50	-12.5	12.5	Curve approximation	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝35，K＝-1.2，A4＝-2000	37	Structure 3	Configuration 2	62％	99％	9,323
																Embodiment 50	25	cosα	25	-25	25	Straight line	Type 3	Exit facet	C＝150，K＝-1.5，A4＝500	59	Structure 1	Configuration 3	79％	97％	7,662
Embodiment 51	25	cosα	11	-25	25	Straight line	Class1	The plane of incidence	C＝10，K＝0，A4＝0	30	Structure 3	Configuration 2	75％	95％	9,195
																Comparative example 12	25	cosα	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	-	-	-	-	-	92％	97％	7,814
Comparative example 13	25	Gaussian distribution Annotate 1)	50	-25	25	Curve approximation	Class1	-	-	-	-	-	67％	92％	7,386
																Comparative example 14	33	cosα	50	-33	33	Curve approximation	Class1	-	-	-	-	-	86％	91％	5,912
Comparative example 15	25	cosα	25	-25	25	Straight line	Type 3	-	-	-	-	-	77％	95％	7,108

1: the 1 radiation direction control module of structure is formed on the platy structure thing, and the 2nd radiation direction control module also is formed on the same platy structure thing

2: the 1 radiation direction control modules of structure are formed on the platy structure thing, and the 2nd radiation direction control module is formed on the different platy structure things

3: the 2 radiation direction control modules of structure are formed on the platy structure thing, and the 1st radiation direction control module is formed on the different platy structure things

Configuration 1:, dispose according to the order of linear light source, the 1st radiation direction control module, the 2nd radiation direction control module towards the exit facet side

Configuration 2:, dispose according to the order of linear light source, the 2nd radiation direction control module, the 1st radiation direction control module towards the exit facet side

Disposing 3: the 1 radiation direction control modules and the 2nd radiation direction control module is to be formed on the same one side of same works

Under the situation of expression C, K, A4, its unit the 1st radiation direction control module is the height of the bottom surface of distance structure body according to the h of following formula, h _MaxThe expression maximum height

${h=h}_{\max }-\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="CY"\; filenames="S2006800240386E00021.png,S2006800240386E00031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">CY</figure-callout>}}^2}{1+\sqrt{1-(K+1)C^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Y"\; filenames="S2006800240386E00021.png,S2006800240386E00031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^2}}+A_4{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="Y"\; filenames="S2006800240386E00021.png,S2006800240386E00121.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}^4$

＜protuberance zone number 〉

Class1: zone number i complies with from end line to the ora terminalis of protuberance to rise order or fall tactic.

Type 2: be at zone number 0 ,-1, after-the 2...-N, according to N, N-1...1's is tactic.

Type 3:51 zone is tactic according to following zone number.

<-25，-24，...-14，-13，-6，-5，...-2，-1，-12，-11，...-8，-7，0，7，8，...11，12，1，2，...5，6，13，14，...24，25>

Annotate 1) Gaussian distribution

$f\left(x\right)=e^{-\left(\frac{x-\mathrm{\&mu;})2}{2\mathrm{\&sigma;}2}\right)}$ (σ＝10，μ＝0)

As a comparative example 16, the evaluation under the situation of implementing to use the common light diffusing sheet that contains particulate to replace this light control member.In the case, the brightness of frontal reduces.In addition, the permeation type liquid crystal panel is put emitting side at this lighting device,, observe from the front as image display device.Consequently, the image that is obtained is compared with the situation of the lighting device that uses described embodiment 37, and is very dark.

In addition, have the concavo-convex female mold of the concavo-convex and plane of incidence of exit facet of embodiment 39 in making after, under the atmosphere of 60 ℃ of temperature, humidity 80%, using water absorption rate is 0.4% material and 2% material, utilizes ejection formation to make the platy structure thing of thickness of slab 2mm shown in Figure 31.The result who places 2 platy structure things under the atmosphere of 45 ℃ of temperature, humidity 90%Rh is, the twist angle of the platy structure thing made from the material of water absorption rate 2% is 1.9mm, relative therewith, the twist angle of the platy structure thing made from the material of water absorption rate 0.4% is 0.8mm.At this, twist angle be when being placed on determinand on the flat board from the maximum height of the flat board of opposed of flat board.

The embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 6

As the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 6, use lift-launch to estimate in the essential structure of the back light unit of commercially available liquid crystal indicator (the corporate system trade name KDL-L32HVX of Sony's (thigh)).The structure of described back light unit is described along Figure 33.In the length with directions X is that the length of 438mm, Y direction is 758mm, is in the rectangular-shaped shell of peristome of 19mm perpendicular to the length of the thickness direction of directions X and Y direction, being in mode with the bottom of the opposed position of peristome of the emitting side of described shell with covering, is that the length of 714mm, Y direction is the reflecting plate 4 of 398mm in the length of emitting side configuration directions X.

Secondly, at the emitting side of described reflecting plate, the interval of the 3mm of being separated by disposes linear light source abreast with this reflecting plate.Linear light source 1 is that diameter is that 3mm and length are 16 cold-cathode tubes of 700mm, and the interval that is parallel to each 21.5mm of Y direction ground along directions X is configured.

Secondly, dispose the light control member 2 of embodiments of the present invention 6 in the mode that covers peristome.Described light control member disposes with this reflecting plate 4 abreast at the interval that the exiting side of described linear light source 1 separates 13mm.Size for this light control member, the length of Y direction is 732mm, the length of directions X is 407mm, does not comprise that perpendicular to the thickness of the height of the protuberance of the thickness direction of directions X and Y direction be 2mm from the plane of incidence of this light control member thickness T at the bottom of the protuberance promptly.

H from the center of linear light source 1 to light control member 2 is 14.5mm, and the center distance D each other of adjacent linear light source 1 is 25.0mm.

The making of light control member

Being characterized as of employed light control member among the embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 6: form smooth face in plane of incidence side with the opposed light control member of linear light source, form the protuberance of the ridge shape of being derived by formula (2) to formula (8) in the exit facet side, described light control member is made in the following manner.

(1) at first, utilize machining to come parallel and form the shape of the chase shape of width 0.3mm continuously, making mould, and this chase shape shape is by f (X)=cos α, N=50, X _Min=-25.0, X _Max=25.0 and the shape of carrying out curve approximation that derived to formula (8) according to formula (2).Secondly, with refractive index is that 1.55 ultraviolet hardening resin is coated on the cutting face of described mould, and overlapping thereon (methyl) methyl acrylate-styrene copolymer resin plate (use resin: electrochemical industry (thigh) corporate system trade name " TX polymer " TX-800S, refractive index 1.549) by the produced lengthwise 407mm of ejection formation, horizontal wide 732mm, thickness 2mm, and the top irradiation ultraviolet radiation of this transparent resin plate certainly, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis, thereby acquisition is formed with the light control member (B-1) of the protuberance of ridge shape.About the light control member (B-1) that is obtained, when measuring g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxThe time be 0.87.

(2) utilize the mould made from described (1), the ultraviolet hardening resin of refractive index 1.55 is coated on the cutting face of described mould, and overlapping thereon lengthwise 407mm, 732mm, (methyl) propylene-styrene copolymer resin plate of thickness 2mm, this resin plate is to utilize by (LILICON of GE Toshiba (thigh) makes trade name " Trupulse that " 2000B with the light diffusing particulate, refractive index: 1.420) 0.15 Quality Mgmt Dept adds in described (methyl) propylene-styrene copolymer transparent resin plate and by ejection formation and makes, and this transparent resin plate top irradiation ultraviolet radiation certainly, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis, thereby acquisition is formed with the light control member (B-2) of the protuberance of ridge shape.About light control member (B-2), when measuring g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxThe time be 0.92.

(3) in addition, the mould that utilization is made with described (1), the ultraviolet hardening resin of refractive index 1.55 is coated on the cutting face of described mould, and overlapping thereon lengthwise 407mm, horizontal wide 732mm, (methyl) methyl acrylate-styrene copolymer resin plate of thickness 2mm, this resin plate is by (SILICON of GE Toshiba (thigh) makes trade name " Trupulse that " 2000B with the light diffusing particulate, refractive index: 1.420) 1.0 Quality Mgmt Dept are added in described (methyl) propylene-styrene copolymer transparent resin plate and by ejection formation and make, and the top irradiation ultraviolet radiation of this resin plate certainly, make described ultraviolet hardening resin sclerosis, thereby acquisition is formed with the light control member (B-3) of the protuberance of ridge shape.The light control member (B-3) that is obtained is measured g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxThe time be 0.95.

The evaluation of the shadow of projection and brightness measuring

(a) shadow about being caused by projection is estimated with visual, its result shown in the table 7.

(b) about the front face brightness of brightness of expression lighting device, utilize chroma-luminance meter (TOPCON (thigh) corporate system BM-5) to measure its result shown in the table 7.

Embodiment 52

Use allyl resin (Ku Lalei (Network ラ レ) (thigh) corporate system trade name " PARAGLASS " transparent panel 6mmt) to replace being carried the appended projection of back light unit at described liquid crystal indicator (the corporate system trade name KDL-L32HVX of Sony's (thigh)), the shape of the projection of utilizing capstan that the horizontal profile shown in Figure 38 A is shaped as circular diameter 3mm, point diameter φ 1mm being carried out machining and making is used two-sided tape to attach and is fixed on the described lighting device.The installation site is the centre position of linear light source as shown in figure 36.

With light control member (B-1) when making up, on the position contacting of projection and light control member, can't see the shadow that causes because of projection.In addition, as shown in table 7, measuring brightness is higher value, and the improved effect of brightness disproportionation is also fine.

Embodiment 53

Use projection and light control member (B-2) combination of embodiment 52, similarly estimate with embodiment 52.On projection and light control member position contacting, similarly also can't see because of the caused shadow of projection with embodiment 52.In addition, as shown in table 7, measuring brightness also is higher numerical value, and the improved effect of brightness disproportionation is also good.

Comparative example 17

Use the appended projection of back light unit (White-opalescent: shape is identical with embodiment 52) of carrying, and estimate with light control member (B-1) combination at described liquid crystal indicator (the corporate system trade name KDL-L32HVX of Sony's (thigh)).Consequently, on the position that contacts of projection and light control member, obviously produce and result from the shadow of projection.

Comparative example 18

Use the projection and the light control member (B-3) of comparative example 17 to make up.Light control member (B-3) is compared with the light control member (B-1) of comparative example 17, contains the light diffusing particulate of volume, therefore, on the position that contacts of projection and light control member, though can not discern the shadow that produces because of projection, as shown in table 7, measuring brightness is lower numerical value.That is, we can say the balance that to take into account brightness and image quality.

Comparative example 19

Replace the appended projection of back light unit of carrying at described liquid crystal indicator (the corporate system trade name KDL-L32HVX of Sony's (thigh)), use allyl resin (Ku Lalei (thigh) corporate system trade name " PARAGLASS " transparent panel 6mmt), the shape of the projection of utilizing capstan that the horizontal profile shown in Figure 38 B is shaped as circle and point diameter φ 3mm being carried out machining and completing is used the two sides adhesive tape to attach and is fixed on the described lighting device.The installation site is the centre position of linear light source as shown in figure 36.

With light control member (B-1) when making up, on the position that contacts of projection and light control member, obviously confirm to have the shadow that produces because of projection.That is, distinguish when the projected front ends diameter surpasses φ 1mm, can produce harmful effect image quality.

[table 7]

Project	Embodiment 52	Embodiment 53	Comparative example 17	Comparative example 18	Comparative example 19
						Front face brightness (cd/cm 2)	7830	7430	7830	6930	7830
The brightness inner evenness	Well	Well	Well	Well	Well
						The shadow of projection	Do not have	Do not have	Have	Do not have	Have
Opital control board	B-1	B-2	B-1	B-3	B-1
						Light diffusing particulate amount (Quality Mgmt Dept)	Do not have	0.15	Do not have	1.0	Do not have
Projected front ends portion diameter (mm)	1	1	1	1	3
						The photopermeability of projection	Transparent	Transparent	Opaque	Opaque	Transparent

The embodiment of embodiments of the present invention 7

For light diffusing sheet, use the mould of the parallel recess be provided with the ditch shape, with the copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene extrusion molding, the interarea that obtains having on the single face protuberance is of a size of 707mm * 436mm and thickness is the light diffusing sheet of 2mm.The shape of protuberance is the ridge shape of width 0.3mm, degree of depth 0.2mm.

For reflecting plate, use the mould of the parallel recess be provided with the ditch shape, with the copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene extrusion molding, the interarea that obtains to have on the single face protuberance is of a size of 695mm * 412mm and thickness is the resin plate of 2mm.The shape of protuberance is the prism-like of width 1mm, drift angle 40 degree.On this prism,, put the foaming PET resin of thickness 0.5mm, pressurize and fit and make reflecting plate than the unfertile land adhesive-applying.The reflectivity of reflecting plate is 95%.

The length of preparing directions X is that the length of 458mm, Y direction is 730mm, is 35mm and is that the length of 698mm, Y direction is the shell of ABS resin system of rectangular-shaped white of the rectangular aperture portion of 416mm in the length that exiting side has a directions X perpendicular to the length of the thickness direction of directions X and Y direction.

Secondly, be in mode with the bottom of the opposed position of peristome of the exiting side of described shell, dispose described reflecting plate with covering.

Secondly, dispose linear light source at the be separated by interval of 2mm of the exiting side of described reflecting plate abreast with this reflecting plate.As linear light source 1, disposing diameter abreast along directions X and Y direction is that 3mm, length are a plurality of cold-cathode tubes of 700mm.Respectively be separated by 16 cold-cathode tubes of arranged spaced of 22mm.

Secondly, dispose light diffusing sheet in the mode that covers peristome.Distance from the center of linear light source to light diffusing sheet is 15.5mm, and the center of adjacent linear light source distance each other is 25mm.

As front face brightness, measuring with respect to frontal is that ± 15 degree are with interior brightness.Determination step is as follows.At first, on the position of the measuring point 500mm of distance lighting device, luminance meter is set.Secondly, in the plane parallel, the distance from the measuring point to the luminance meter is remained 500mm, and change the position and the gradient of luminance meter, be determined at the brightness on each angle in the mode of the measuring point of mobile luminance meter not with X-axis.Described angle is the normal direction with respect to diffuser plate, is in-15 to the 15 degree scopes, and angle intervals is 1 degree.In addition, the visual angle of luminance meter is 1 degree.Secondly, get the mean value of the brightness measuring value of described each angle, as the brightness of ± 15 degree.As if the front face brightness of measuring embodiment with the method, then be 8250cd/m ²

In addition, liquid crystal display cells is overlapped on the light diffusing sheet, thus, can obtain liquid crystal indicator as image display device.In this image display device, can confirm the image that brightness is higher and quality is high.

As a comparative example, utilize the ejection formation of copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene, to be of a size of 695mm * 412mm and thickness be that of interarea of the resin plate of 2mm goes up than the unfertile land adhesive-applying having level and smooth interarea, put the foaming PET resin of thickness 0.5mm, carry out pressurizing attaching and make reflecting plate, in addition, other conditions are all identical, make lighting device.If measure front face brightness in the same way, then be 7420cd/m ²In addition, overlapping liquid crystal display cells on light diffusing sheet obtains the liquid crystal indicator as image display device.If confirm image, then compare comparatively darker image with embodiment.

Utilizability on the industry

Lighting device of the present invention is useful to the display unit that consists of liquid crystal indicator etc.

Claims (12)

1. lighting device, wherein,

Have by the exit facet of directions X with the rectangle that constitutes perpendicular to the Y direction of directions X,

Have reflecting plate, a plurality of linear light source, tabular light control member,

Described reflecting plate and described directions X and Y direction dispose abreast,

Described linear light source is configured in the imaginary plane that is parallel to described directions X and Y direction of exit facet side of described reflecting plate,

And this linear light source disposes in the length direction mode parallel with the Y direction, and, equally spaced arrange along directions X,

Described light control member is configured in the exit facet side of the linear light source of described arrangement, and interarea is parallel with the described imaginary plane of arranging linear light source,

The interarea of this light control member is by opposed with linear light source and receive from the plane of incidence of the light of this linear light source and the exit facet of the light outgoing that the described plane of incidence receives is constituted,

Described exit facet forms the protuberance of a plurality of ridges shape from the teeth outwards,

This protuberance forms in the crest line mode parallel with the Y direction of the ridge shape that is positioned at the top, and, arrange along directions X, it is characterized in that,

In the heart distance in the described linear light source is made as D, with the center of described linear light source and the distance of described light control member are made as H arbitrarily, to be made as f (X) from the function that goes out luminous intensity that this linear light source incides on the position coordinates X of expression directions X of light of light control member towards the normal direction of exit facet, herein, light source position is set at X=0

During g (X)=f (X-D)+f (X)+f (X+D) (1),

In the scope of-D/2≤X≤D/2, as the g (X) of the minimum of a value of g (X) _MinWith as peaked g (X) _MaxRatio g (X) _Min/ g (X) _MaxBe more than 0.6,

The minimum of a value X of X _Min-3.0D≤X _MinIn the scope of≤-0.5D, maximum X _MaxAt 0.5D≤X _MaxIn the scope of≤3.0D, wherein, X _MinAnd X _MaxThe value that is f (X) to be becoming the coordinate at 0 o'clock two ends for the essence that decays to the center near the linear light source of X=0,

The section shape of the directions X of protuberance is made of the different zone-N of (2N+1) that represent with following formula individual gradient～N arbitrarily:

δ＝(X _max-X _min)/(2N+1) (2)

X _i＝i×δ (3)

α _i＝Tan- ¹(X _i/H) (4)

β _i＝Sin ^-1((1/n)sinα _i) (5)

γ _i＝Sin ^-1((1/n ₂)sin α _i) (6)

a _i∝f(X _i+T·tanγ _i)·cosΦ _i·cosβ _i/cosα _i/cos(Φ _i-β _i) (7)

Φ _i＝Tan ^-1((n·sinβ _i)/(n·cosβ _i-1)) (8)

Wherein, N: natural number

The integer of i:-N to N

N: the refractive index of the protuberance of light control member

n ₂: the refractive index of the matrix material of light control member

α _i: the width of the directions X of regional i

Φ _i: with respect to the gradient on the inclined-plane of the exit facet of regional i

T: thickness from the plane of incidence of light control member to the bottom of protuberance.

2. lighting device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,

Zone-N～the N of section shape that represents the directions X of described protuberance arranges with the order of the position coordinates of X-axis.

3. as the lighting device of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that,

The shape section shape of the directions X of described protuberance is similar to the shape that forms at least one group of two adjacent zones in the different zone of the individual gradient of this protuberance (2N+1) with curve after.

4. as any one lighting device of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that,

In the section of the normal direction of the interarea that is parallel to directions X and light control member, becoming 30 degree in the normal direction with respect to exit facet is more than 50% of whole emergent lights with the ratio of the light of the scope outgoing of interior angle.

5. as any one lighting device of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,

Described protuberance is that material more than 1.58 constitutes by refractive index.

6. as any one lighting device of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,

The radiation direction converter section of conversion radiation direction is set on described light control member,

Described radiation direction converter section will be changed from 80% to 10% the direction of light that normal direction incides the light of the plane of incidence, and,

Incide from described linear light source the described plane of incidence light arrive the protuberance that is formed at described exit facet by described radiation direction converter section more than 80%.

7. as any one lighting device of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,

The described plane of incidence forms reflecting member on the surface,

To reflex to light source side from 5～20% of the light of described linear light source.

8. as any one lighting device of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,

Described light control member has other protuberances function, different with described protuberance that play the 1st radiation direction control module,

Described protuberance plays the function of the 2nd radiation direction control module with respect to described other protuberance,

Described reflecting plate with respect to linear light source with the opposed side of light-emitting area, be parallel to the ground configuration of described directions X and Y direction,

Described the 1st radiation direction control module is configured in than more close exit facet one side of the imaginary plane that disposes described linear light source, so that on these two of described the 1st radiation direction control module and described the 2nd radiation direction control module, receive light from described light source

Described the 1st radiation direction control module makes the anaclasis that received and optically focused is carried out in the dispersion of the Y direction of light, makes it pass through the exit facet side,

Described the 2nd radiation direction control module reflects the light that is received and reflects, and improves the position uniformity of the X-direction of light, makes it pass through the exit facet side.

9. as any one lighting device of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,

Possess the projection that contacts with described light control member and keep this light control member,

Described projection is made of the permeability material, and the horizontal profile of projection is round-shaped, with the diameter of the contacted projection leading section of light control member be below the 1mm.

10. as any one lighting device of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,

Described reflecting plate, linear light source, light control member be towards the arranged in order of described frontal with reflecting plate, linear light source, light control member,

The periphery of the interarea of described reflecting plate and described light control member is the rectangle that is parallel to described XY plane,

The roughly whole face of the bright dipping side surface of the interarea of described reflecting plate be parallel to described X-axis and along the concavity of the rule of described Y-axis with and/or the shape of stripes of convex.

11. a light control member is characterized in that,

It is the light control member that is had in any one lighting device of claim 1～10.

12. an image display device is characterized in that,

Exit facet side at any one lighting device of claim 1～10 is provided with the infiltration type display element.

Images