CN101212646A - System and method for implementing video-on-demand with peer-to-peer network technique - Google Patents
System and method for implementing video-on-demand with peer-to-peer network technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for realizing video-on-demand by using a peer-to-peer network technology and a method thereof, wherein, a central media server and a central directory server of the system are connected with a router of a metropolitan area/wide area network; an edge media server is connected with an edge router which is linked up with the metropolitan area/wide area network and an access network so as to form a content delivery network based on P2P; an edge directory server is connected with the edge router with which the edge media server is connected and a home media terminal is connected with the edge router with which the edge media server is connected through the access network, which forms a video-on-demand network based on the P2P. The method of the system for realizing the video-on-demand by using the peer-to-peer network technology and the method thereof comprises the steps: the home media terminal firstly requests and downloads data in a way of the P2P from an edge P2P area, when the requested data is not in the edge P2P area, corresponding data is downloaded and supplied to the home media terminal by the edge media server in a central P2P area. The system for realizing the video-on-demand by using the peer-to-peer network technology and the method thereof have the advantages of low cost and strong expandability; with the increase of the users, the pressure bore by the server is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to networking technology area, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of system and method that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology on the Internet and other data networks, to realize video request program.
Background technology
Operator provides the VOD business in video request program (Video On Demand is abbreviated as VOD) business, particularly metropolitan area (even wide area) scope on network, be a great challenge to operator.The video program source that reaches SD even high definition quality is very huge, though video compression standard MPEG-4 and the ripe gradually required memory capacity of video frequency program, the maximum video frequency program that remains the MPEG-2 form of quantity at present of greatly reducing H.264.Will provide large-scale VOD business simultaneously in metropolitan area or wide scope, network bandwidth bottleneck is the severe problem that must face.
On Internet, utilize peer-to-peer network (Peer-to-Peer is abbreviated as P2P) technology to carry out services such as file download, Web TV and VOD at present.Because Internet is the network of best effort, do not guarantee service quality, and the adding and the behavior of leaving of each peer node (Peer Node) be at random, though there are a lot of P2P algorithms to be optimized from various approach, the video quality that the user obtained still is unfavorable.
Virtual network operator can utilize content distributing network (Contend Delivery Network is abbreviated as CDN) to solve the metropolitan area/wide-area transmission problem of striding of video flowing at present, serves in the hope of large-scale high-quality VOD is provided.In advance video frequency program is stored on a plurality of CDN nodes, when user terminal requests is served, from selecting only node to be user's service a plurality of nodes for this user's service.Owing to adopt client/server (C/S) pattern, so its service ability is subjected to the restriction of the server-capabilities and the network bandwidth thereof.A kind of deployment way that the ChinaVnet of China Telecom comes to this, at the special CDN network of wide area/metropolitan area network deploy, cause with high costs, and on to user's service, owing to adopt C/S model, be subjected to the influence of bandwidth and server-capabilities, poor expandability, when the number of users of reaching the standard grade was huge, the user can not get good Video service.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, that solution is run in large-scale VOD system deployment is with high costs, service quality is low, the problem of poor expandability, thereby proposes a kind of system and method that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program.
For achieving the above object, the system that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program provided by the invention comprises: media server, LIST SERVER and home media terminal; It is characterized in that, described media server comprises center media server (Center Media Server, be abbreviated as CMS) and edge media server (Edge Media Server, be abbreviated as EMS), described LIST SERVER comprises center LIST SERVER (CenterDirectory Server, be abbreviated as CDS) and edge LIST SERVER (Edge Directory Server is abbreviated as EDS); Described center media server and center LIST SERVER are connected on the router of metropolitan area/wide area network, described edge media server is connected on metropolitan area/wide area network and the edge router that Access Network is connected mutually, thereby form center P 2P territory, this center P 2P territory constitutes the content distributing network based on P2P; Described edge LIST SERVER is corresponding one by one with the edge media server, also be connected on the edge router that the edge media server connected, described home media terminal links to each other by the edge router that Access Network is connected with the edge media server, thereby form P2P territory, edge, P2P territory, this edge constitutes the VoD network based on P2P.
In the technique scheme, also comprise OSS server (the English Business Operation﹠amp of being of OSS that is connected on metropolitan area/WAN router; Support System is abbreviated as BOSS).
In the technique scheme, also comprise the digital rights management service device (system for numeral copyright management is English for Digital Rights Management System, is abbreviated as DRMS) that is connected on metropolitan area/WAN router.
In the technique scheme, also comprise the service portal server (service portal is English for Service Portal, is abbreviated as SP) that is connected on metropolitan area/WAN router.
In the technique scheme, all deposit some audio-video frequency media files in center media server and the edge media server, wherein each audio-video frequency media file is divided into several data blocks, each data block is numbered according to its order hereof, top volume is first, and, when described audio-video frequency media file has metadata fields, its metadata is divided into a data block separately, and volume is the 0th piece; Except that meta data block and last data block, the equal and opposite in direction of other data blocks, value is between 5MB～30MB.
For achieving the above object, the method (as shown in Figure 4) of utilizing the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program provided by the invention comprises the steps:
1) home media terminal browse service door selects a media file to carry out program request as target media file,
2) the home media terminal request of sending this target media file of program request to the edge media server in P2P territory, edge, place;
3) after the edge media server receives described order request, respond the request of described home media terminal at once and send first blocks of data of target media file to it, if this media file has the 0th piece, then the edge media server sends the 0th piece earlier, sends first again; The home media terminal gets started and plays this media file after receiving first of target media file;
4) the edge LIST SERVER of home media terminal in P2P territory, edge, place sends query requests;
5) the edge LIST SERVER returns the nodal information tabulation that subsequent data blocks can be provided to the home media terminal; Node in the described nodal information tabulation comprises other home media terminal in the P2P territory, edge, described home media terminal place; Described node also comprises the edge media server in the P2P territory, edge, described home media terminal place, and described edge media server comes the last of described nodal information tabulation;
6) the home media terminal is sent the data download request according to the tabulation of the nodal information that receives successively to node wherein, till obtaining the data download service; If all nodes in the nodal information tabulation all can not provide the data download service, then the home media terminal sends query requests to the edge LIST SERVER again;
7) the home media terminal is play data downloaded piece successively.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 5), when the edge LIST SERVER can't find the node of the subsequent data blocks that described target media file can be provided in P2P territory, this edge, then notify the edge media server in P2P territory, center, to download described target media file.
In the technique scheme, the process that described edge media server is downloaded described target media file in the P2P territory, center is as follows:
51) the edge media server sends query requests to the center LIST SERVER;
52) the center LIST SERVER returns the nodal information tabulation that target media file can be provided to the edge media server; Node in the described nodal information tabulation comprises center media server at least, and comes the last of described nodal information tabulation; Node in the described nodal information tabulation also comprises other edge media server in the center P 2P territory;
53) the edge media server is tabulated the while to wherein a plurality of node requests according to nodal information, and downloads the subsequent data blocks of described target media file.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 7), when the user carries out jumping forward operation, as the data block of jumping into the place, position downloads, and then plays this data block immediately; As the data block of jumping into the place, position is not also downloaded, then this data block is downloaded and play to the home media terminal from the edge media server, simultaneously, re-execute step 4) to step 6), the home media terminal is play being positioned at of having downloaded successively and is jumped into position subsequent data blocks afterwards then.
In the technique scheme, the edge media server is after download obtains new data block, to center LIST SERVER and edge LIST SERVER difference status report; The home media terminal is after download obtains new data block, to edge LIST SERVER status report.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has following advantage:
The present invention proposes a kind of VOD system based on two-layer P2P structure, by in metropolitan area/wide scope, implementing content distribution measure based on P2P, alleviated pressure,, alleviated pressure the edge media server by in Access Network, implementing the video request program of P2P to central server.In two P2P territories, bear data transfer task by the edge media server respectively simultaneously, reduced demand the infrastructure that is exclusively used in distribution of media.The native system biggest advantage is exactly enough less construction costs to provide high-quality video-on-demand service for a large number of users.And the deployment of native system can be striden metropolitan area even wide area, and simultaneously native system is with good expansibility, and number of users is many more, and the suffered pressure of the server of being disposed is more little.
Method of the present invention has the service quality height, can alleviate the pressure of central server, reduces the advantage of construction cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the network architecture schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the data relationship schematic diagram that begins to play;
Fig. 3 is the data relationship schematic diagram that enters after the normal play mode;
Fig. 4 is a sequential chart that carries out video request program.
Embodiment
For making purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the embodiment that develops simultaneously with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
Referring to shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 is the network architecture schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.The VOD system of present embodiment comprises center media server, center LIST SERVER, business operation support system server, digital rights management service device, edge media server, edge LIST SERVER, home media terminal, service portal server.
Wherein center media server and center LIST SERVER are connected on the router of metropolitan area/wide area network, the edge media server is connected on metropolitan area/wide area network and the edge router that Access Network is connected mutually, thereby form center P 2P territory, this center P 2P territory constitutes the content distributing network based on P2P; The edge LIST SERVER is connected on the edge router that the edge media server connected, the home media terminal links to each other by the edge router that Access Network is connected with the edge media server, thereby form P2P territory, edge, P2P territory, this edge constitutes the VoD network based on P2P.OSS server, digital copyright management management server and service portal server all are connected with the router in center P 2P territory.
In the present embodiment, the audio-video frequency media file is carried out piecemeal, the big I of piece is selected between 5MB～30MB in value, and value is 10MB in the present embodiment.If file has metadata fields, then the metadata with file is divided into one separately.The metadata here is meant coded format, data arrangement information of this media file etc.Data transport service in the native system all is that the data block with such generation is that unit carries out.About having the media file format of metadata fields, can be with reference to ISO/IEC 14496 part 12 and part 14.The operable file format of the present invention includes but not limited to aforementioned two kinds of forms.
In the present embodiment, center media server is the server with original audio-video frequency media file block and storage, has preserved the audio-video frequency media data and the metadata thereof of all online operations.Center media server is also participated in the data distribution procedure in center P 2P territory simultaneously as the P2P node.Center media server comprises the external service module to the administration module of media data and media data.
In the present embodiment, the edge media server is the media server that is deployed in metropolitan area network and Access Network intersection, while is as the node in center P 2P territory and P2P territory, edge, play a part to form a connecting link: by the P2P mode media data being obtained from P2P territory, center, is that the home media terminal provides media services in the P2P mode again.The edge media server can be accepted the order of center LIST SERVER and initiatively initiate request of data, also can initiate request of data according to the order of edge LIST SERVER.
In the present embodiment, the home media terminal is to place but be not limited to the embedded system device computer of corresponding software (also can be install) of the built-in hard disk of subscriber household, the home media terminal is obtained media data block based on the P2P mode, and in obtaining the process of subsequent data blocks, play acquired data block, experience for the user with the broadcast of Streaming Media.
In the present embodiment, center LIST SERVER (CDS) physically can be positioned at same station server with center media server (CMS), as two functional modules, also can implement with independent server hardware.The media data distribution situation in center LIST SERVER statistics and administrative center P2P territory, response is from the data query request of center P 2P domain node, and returning the node listing that data block can be provided, these nodes can be center media server or other edge media servers.The center LIST SERVER can send the data Disposition Instructions to the edge media server, thereby media data is initiatively sent in the edge media server.
In the present embodiment, edge LIST SERVER (EDS) physically can be positioned at same station server with edge media server (EMS), as two functional modules, also can implement with independent server hardware.The media data distribution situation in edge LIST SERVER statistics and management P2P territory, edge, the data query request that the home media terminal in the response P2P territory, edge is sent, and return the node listing that service can be provided.The edge LIST SERVER can send the data Disposition Instructions to the home media terminal, thereby the media data initiative part is deployed in the home media terminal.If do not have corresponding media data that service can be provided in the P2P territory, edge, the edge LIST SERVER triggers its pairing edge media server to center P 2P territory request media data.
In the present embodiment, service portal (SP) is a website of the media data of this video on-demand system organically being organized and presenting to the user.The service portal server is unique inlet of this video on-demand system, and the user only enters this portal website, just can browse and select to play corresponding media program.Service portal offers functions such as user search, collection, gives the user experience with personalization.
In the present embodiment, OSS (BOSS) mainly provides the support to the operation of video multimedia demand (telecommunication) service, and concrete function comprises: the function of aspects such as customer account management, user management, account management, service billing, business authentication, service authorization, statistics.OSS supports that by the management to user, business, resource native system becomes the video on-demand system that can run.The home media terminal must be passed through opening an account and authenticating of OSS (BOSS), just can use the business of this VOD system.
In the present embodiment, system for numeral copyright management (DRMS) is a back-up system of realizing operator's substance film secure distribution, comprises film encryption, user authorization management, three parts of client deciphering control.After having only the user to obtain the authorization, just can watch media program.
In the present embodiment, adopt home media terminal storage video media-data and the P2P mode of service is provided to other Peer, alleviated the pressure of edge media server, make under the edge media server home media terminal number in the P2P territory not be subjected to the restriction of edge media server performance and increase, and along with the growth of home media terminal quantity, the Video service quality will be better.
In the present embodiment, if the edge media server breaks down, when the home media terminal is in time served at the edge media server in the P2P territory, edge that can not get its place, can send request to the center LIST SERVER, the center LIST SERVER will specify one to provide service from other nearest edge media servers of this edge of failure media server for it, be equivalent to all home media terminals of this edge of failure media server are integrated in the scope of another one edge media server, expand the P2P territory, edge of this edge media server.
When system begins to dispose, at first be that the center media server storage is through piecemeal (promptly being divided into several data blocks) and by digital rights management service device encrypted media data, and operator specifies its popular degree to media content, and center media server stores in the different edge media servers according to the different masses of equally distributed principle with this media data.(the head data are meant the previous section data of media file for meta data block and head data block, usually can play a few minutes, according to varying in size of data block, this part data can be divided into one or more data blocks) at each edge media server storage is arranged all, the remainder data piece then carries out distributed store according to its popular degree on the edge media server, the umber of popular more data block store is just many more, and the umber of the data block store of unexpected winner is just few more more.This is called the pre-distribution storage to media data.Behind pre-distribution storage node bundle, system can begin to run.
In P2P territory, edge, because the home media terminal in start for the first time, all will begin to enjoy the VOD service usually, so can't in P2P territory, edge, do the pre-storage that distributes.Data in the P2P territory, edge are distributed with two kinds of situations, and first kind is the media data of home media terminal storage program request.Because the limited storage space of home media terminal, under the situation that the media data of program request increases gradually, the home media terminal takes the media data that the principle of first in first out will be former to delete.Second kind is that the edge media server sends control command to the home media terminal, specifies it to store some media data when media termination start the carrying out VOD of family is professional.The home media terminal is after having obtained a complete data block, and LIST SERVER sends status report to the edge, reports the variation of own store status.This status report comprises the information such as IP address of the affiliated filename of the data block that is obtained, data block numbering, this family media termination.
The home media terminal will be carried out VOD when professional, access service door at first, the media content that browing system provides.When selecting a media content to watch, the home media terminal is at first to first blocks of data of this media content of edge media server requests, in order to reduce time delay as far as possible, the edge media server is the request of responsivehomes media termination at once, send media data to it, unless the edge media server has reached the upper limit of service ability.The home media terminal gets started broadcast after receiving media data.The edge LIST SERVER that while home media terminal begins in P2P territory, this edge sends query requests, and request can provide the nodal information of subsequent data blocks, as shown in Figure 2.The edge LIST SERVER is responded some nodal informations that service can be provided, and these nodes may be other home media terminals, also may be the edge media server.These nodes all belong to P2P territory, this edge.The home media terminal is sent request of data successively to these nodes, till obtaining service.If these nodes all can not provide service, then the home media terminal is inquired about to the edge LIST SERVER again.So along with the carrying out of playing, under normal conditions, the home media terminal is when playing the N piece, N+1, N+2 ... the N+M section has been stored on its hard disk, and the data segment that it is being accepted may be N+M+1, N+M+2 ... the N+M+K segment data.As shown in Figure 3.By like this media data piecemeal also being obtained as possible the mode of follow-up data, experience just can for the user with the broadcast of Streaming Media.When the user need jump into, if the pairing media data of the moment that jumps on the hard disk of family's media termination, then can very successfully continue to play.The user also can carry out the doubly forwarding operation of speed of X to the data on the home media terminal hard disk simultaneously.But when pairing media data of the moment of jumping to is stayed out on the hard disk of front yard media termination, the home media terminal will be initiated corresponding media data request to the edge media server immediately, obtain data and play, just the flow process when just beginning to play.
When family's media termination wants the media data (except the head data of edge media server stores) of program request not store in P2P territory, edge, after the edge LIST SERVER is received the media data query messages of home media terminal, just notify edge media server data download in the P2P territory, center.Its process is as follows: the edge media server at first can provide the node listing of data to center catalogue server lookup, the center LIST SERVER returns this tabulation to the edge media server, may comprise a plurality of nodes that media data can be provided in this tabulation, be exactly to have only center media server that service can be provided under the worst situation.The edge media server is selected a node and is asked media data to it.The edge media server simultaneously can be to a plurality of different data blocks of a plurality of node requests, owing to be between the server based on the transfer of data of metropolitan area network, the speed that the edge media server obtains data needs the speed of data a lot of soon than home media terminal plays, can satisfy the demand of home media terminal to media data.The edge media server sends status report to center LIST SERVER and edge LIST SERVER after having obtained a complete data block, report the variation of own store status.This status report comprises the information such as IP address of the affiliated filename of the data block that is obtained, data block numbering, this edge media server.
Each home media terminal is all wanted the data message that regularly it externally provides to the report of edge LIST SERVER during this start, so that the contribution of home media terminal is added up.
Claims (10)
1. system that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program, comprise media server, LIST SERVER and home media terminal, it is characterized in that, described media server comprises center media server and edge media server, and described LIST SERVER comprises center LIST SERVER and edge LIST SERVER; Described center media server and center LIST SERVER are connected on the router of metropolitan area/wide area network, described edge media server is connected on metropolitan area/wide area network and the edge router that Access Network is connected mutually, thereby form center P 2P territory, this center P 2P territory constitutes the content distributing network based on P2P; Described edge LIST SERVER is corresponding one by one with the edge media server and be connected on the edge router that the respective edges media server connected, described home media terminal links to each other by the edge router that Access Network is connected with the edge media server, thereby form P2P territory, edge, P2P territory, this edge constitutes the VoD network based on P2P.
2. by the described system that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the OSS server that is connected on metropolitan area/WAN router.
3. by the described system that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the digital rights management service device that is connected on metropolitan area/WAN router.
4. by the described system that utilizes the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the service portal server that is connected on metropolitan area/WAN router.
5. by claim 1,2, the 3 or 4 described systems that utilize the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program, it is characterized in that, all deposit some audio-video frequency media files in described center media server and the edge media server, wherein each audio-video frequency media file is divided into several data blocks, each data block is numbered according to its order hereof, top volume is first, and, when described audio-video frequency media file has metadata fields, its metadata is divided into a data block separately, and volume is the 0th piece; Described audio-video frequency media file is when the dividing data piece, and its data block size value is between 5MB～30MB.
6. a method of utilizing the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program comprises the steps:
1) home media terminal browse service door selects a media file to carry out program request as target media file;
2) the home media terminal request of sending this target media file of program request to the edge media server in P2P territory, edge, place;
3) after the edge media server receives described order request, respond the request of described home media terminal at once and send first blocks of data of target media file to it, if this media file has the 0th piece, then the edge media server sends the 0th piece earlier, sends first again; The home media terminal gets started and plays this media file after receiving first of target media file;
4) the edge LIST SERVER of home media terminal in P2P territory, edge, place sends query requests;
5) the edge LIST SERVER returns the nodal information tabulation that subsequent data blocks can be provided to the home media terminal; Node in the described nodal information tabulation comprises other home media terminal in the P2P territory, edge, described home media terminal place; Described node also comprises the edge media server in the P2P territory, edge, described home media terminal place, and described edge media server comes the last of described nodal information tabulation;
6) the home media terminal is sent the data download request according to the tabulation of the nodal information that receives successively to node wherein, till obtaining the data download service; If all nodes in the nodal information tabulation all can not provide the data download service, then the home media terminal sends query requests to the edge LIST SERVER again;
7) the home media terminal is play data downloaded piece successively.
7. by the described method of utilizing the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 6, it is characterized in that, in the described step 5), when the edge LIST SERVER can't find the node of the subsequent data blocks that described target media file can be provided in P2P territory, this edge, then notify the edge media server in P2P territory, center, to download described target media file.
8. by the described method of utilizing the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 7, it is characterized in that the process that described edge media server is downloaded described target media file in the P2P territory, center is as follows:
51) the edge media server sends query requests to the center LIST SERVER;
52) the center LIST SERVER returns the nodal information tabulation that target media file can be provided to the edge media server; Node in the described nodal information tabulation comprises center media server at least, and comes the last of described nodal information tabulation; Node in the described nodal information tabulation also comprises other edge media server in the center P 2P territory;
53) the edge media server is tabulated the while to wherein a plurality of node requests according to nodal information, and downloads the subsequent data blocks of described target media file.
9. by the described method of utilizing the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 6, it is characterized in that in the described step 7), when the user carries out jumping forward operation, as the data block of jumping into the place, position downloads, and then plays this data block immediately; As the data block of jumping into the place, position is not also downloaded, then this data block is downloaded and play to the home media terminal from the edge media server, simultaneously, re-execute step 4) to step 6), the home media terminal is play being positioned at of having downloaded successively and is jumped into position subsequent data blocks afterwards then.
10. by the described method of utilizing the peer-to-peer network technology to realize video request program of claim 7, it is characterized in that the edge media server is after download obtains new data block, to center LIST SERVER and edge LIST SERVER difference status report; The home media terminal is after download obtains new data block, to edge LIST SERVER status report.
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| CN1217543C (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-08-31 | 国际商业机器公司 | Apparatus and method for equivalent VOD system |
| CN100471260C (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-03-18 | 华中科技大学 | Network organization method of overlapped multichannels in video on demand system of peer-to-peer network |
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