CN101209934A - Coating type particle composite fertilizer and producing technique thereof - Google Patents
Coating type particle composite fertilizer and producing technique thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101209934A CN101209934A CNA200610132327XA CN200610132327A CN101209934A CN 101209934 A CN101209934 A CN 101209934A CN A200610132327X A CNA200610132327X A CN A200610132327XA CN 200610132327 A CN200610132327 A CN 200610132327A CN 101209934 A CN101209934 A CN 101209934A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coated granular compound fertilizer using urea as coating material, consisting of an internal core and one or more layers of films. A high concentration urea slurry is adopted as the coating material, the concentration of coating urea slurry is 30 to 99 percent, and the products consist of internal cores with diameters ranging from Phi 1.0mm to Phi 3.9mm and one or more layers of shells with thickness ranging from Phi 0.1mm to Phi 1.5mm; different layers of the shell are in different colors, and the grain diameters of finish products ranges from Phi 1.8mm to Phi 4.75mm. The invention adopts urea material as the coating material to coat the products, thus realizing instant dissolution effect of the products and solving the problem of the difference between internal core concentration and external core concentration in a same particle, and the comprehensive nutrients can exist in the products at the same time, so the invention can provide a compound fertilizer with more comprehensive and more suitable nutrients proportion for the soil. Since the internal cores or the internal layers have various colors, internal cores with different colors from the products can be seen through the external coating layer with good transparency, and different colors can be adopted for different products to distinguish the application scope, which is more beautiful and has better selling point.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coated granule compound manure and production technique thereof, utilize conventional raw material production to have obvious kernel and outer field instant complex fertilizer product of one or more layers dressing and production technique thereof in particularly a kind of multiple fertile production.
Background technology
At present, come coated carbamide or composite fertilizer at a kind of employing of Envelope type granular composite fertilizer PE+PU+ of market sale solubility promoter, be controlled release or slow release type composite fertilizer, second kind be with Zhengzhou worker's great development make the controlled-release compound fertilizer series of binding agent with phosphoric acid etc., another is to produce colored sustained release fertilizer at urea external coating (EC) or composite fertilizer's external coating (EC).Above coating type compound manure or urea, or with the insoluble or slow molten effect that reaches controlled release or slowly-releasing, but control release type or sustained release fertilizer are little fertilizer substantially, are suitable for little crops such as flowers and plants; And the peasant is used for big fertilizer is necessary for the fertilizer or the composite fertilizer of solubility, so existing this type of fertilizer does not all have the coating type product.And in the existing technical composite fertilizer that produces, because indivedual fertilizer exist incompatible or respective reaction, just can't mix as ammonium nitrate, urea, in case mix will exist the moisture absorption point fall the very low shortcoming that causes being manufactured on simultaneously in the same particle or the like, thereby can not provide more fully nutrient.
The present inventor is by the discovery of concentrating on studies, adopt the granular composite fertilizer of the urea coated conventional moulding of high density, can solve solvable problem, and can reach quick-dissolving effect, and the product of preparing there are tangible kernel and one or more layers outsourcing rete, the internal layer of different colours or kernel, can distinguish its use range, the fertiliser granulates outward appearance is beautiful, has appreciative value, so finished the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at weak point of the prior art, a kind of brand-new product is provided, be coating type solubility composite fertilizer, because this composite fertilizer exists parent nucleus (kernel) and one or more layers coating (dressing) structure, so solved the inconsistent problem of part fertilizer, and adopt urea be coating material as dissolved fertilizer, a kind of novel composite fertilizer is provided.
The coating type particle composite fertilizer that adopts this production technique to produce not only can provide according to the different growth phases of crop outside the required nutrient, and improved the utilization ratio of granular composite fertilizer available nutrient, reduce environmental pollution, reduced peasant's fertilising comprehensive cost; Enrich the product structure of composite fertilizer simultaneously, obvious kernel and soluble certain thickness one or more layers coatings are promptly arranged.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of coating type granular complex fertilizer product is the coating type granular complex fertilizer of coating material with urea; Particularly, adopt the high concentration urea slip that kernel is carried out coating, its coated carbamide slurry concentration is 30-99%, is preferably 85-97%, most preferably is 90-97%; Its product diameter is the painted kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, and thickness is that the shell of 0.1mm-1.5mm is formed, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm.
Described high concentration urea slip is meant that the weight percent concentration of urea is not less than 30% aqueous solution of urea or melting liquid slurry.
Can add in the described high concentration urea slip and be no more than 40% inert filler (for example Paris white) together as coating material.
Can add in the described high concentration urea slip be no more than 25% potash fertilizer for example vitriolate of tartar, Repone K or saltpetre together as coating material.
Described common compound fertilizer granules is the compound fertilizer granules that adopts common process to produce, the compound fertilizer granules that for example adopts disk granule comminution granulation to produce, the perhaps compound fertilizer granules produced of tower granulation, the preferably non-dusting particle of choosing through screening of smooth surface.
Polishing, round as a ball processing can for example carried out in the rotating cylinder.
Spraying coating, anti-compaction spray treatment can be carried out in cylinder is applied powder machine.
More than processing all is the common process in the fertiliser production.
The technical process part.The multiple fertile production technique circuit of tradition is generally: the first step feeds intake; Metering of second step and part material fragmentation; The 3rd step granulation; The 4th step is dry; The cooling of the 5th step; The screening of the 6th step; The 7th step parcel coating anti-compaction; The 8th step metering packing warehouse-in.
Production technique circuit of the present invention is: the first step feeds intake; Metering of second step and part material fragmentation; The 3rd step granulation; The 4th step is dry; The screening of the 5th step; The 6th step was carried out one or many internal layer slip coating; The 7th step outermost layer slip coating; The 8th step is dry; The cooling of the 9th step; The screening of the tenth step; The 11 step parcel coating anti-compaction; The 12 step metering packing warehouse-in.
Process operation parameter: 1, urea pulp density: 30%-99% is mass percent; Slurry temperature 90-155 ℃; Wherein best urea pulp density is 85-97%, and preferred urea temperature is 90-135 ℃; 2, select kernel particle diameter φ 1.0-3.9mm, finished product grain size 1.8-4.75mm, membrane wrapping thickness 0.1mm-1.5mm; 3, one or many internal layer slip coating is main, and outermost layer slip coating is auxilliary; Control pulp density at least 30%, preferred 85%-97% controls ectonexine shelling and color penetration.
In specific embodiment, for example the inventive method comprises the steps:
Adopt common compound fertilizer granules as kernel, core surface concentration is at least by weight 30%, be preferably 85-97%, temperature is 90-155 ℃, the urea slip that is preferably 90-135 ℃ forms coating layer through the spraying coating, is at least by weight 30% with concentration again, be preferably 85-97%, temperature is 90-155 ℃, and the urea slip that is preferably 90-135 ℃ forms coating layer again through the spraying coating, analogize by this, can the multilayer coating, be at least by weight 30% with concentration at last, be preferably 85-97%, temperature is 90-155 ℃, the urea slip that is preferably 90-135 ℃ promptly forms the outermost layer coating layer, after drying and the cooling through spraying coating surface, again the finished particle case surface is polished, round as a ball and anti-compaction spray treatment promptly gets coating type granular complex fertilizer product of the present invention.
Products characteristics: there is a tangible kernel in every composite fertilizer; Kernel can be various colors; Kernel particle diameter φ 1.0-3.9mm, finished product grain size 1.8-4.75mm, and form significantly one or more layers coating layer, coating layer thickness 0.1mm-1.5mm; Product is instant; 4, be fit to prescription: binary, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium; Total nutrient is from 15%-55%; Monoculture is divided from N:14%-25%, P:0-15%, K:4%-20%; 5, technical essential: one or many internal layer slip coating is main, and outermost layer slip coating is auxilliary; Control pulp density (preferred 85%.97%) is controlled ectonexine shelling and color penetration.
Handle through polishing and spraying anti-compaction on the product casing surface; Can add trace element (as magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum etc.) and each seed amino acid in various that crop needs (as the L-glutamic acid in the monosodium glutamate waste liquid etc.), humic acid etc. in the product kernel production process; Can add trace element (as magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum etc.) and each seed amino acid in various that crop needs (as the L-glutamic acid in the monosodium glutamate waste liquid etc.), humic acid etc. in the product coating film production process.
The beneficial effect of the invention is, realized that kernel production and outer coatings layer operation are integrated, captured pollution (as PE film) and the product undissolved difficult problem of traditional coating type composite fertilizer external parcel layer to environment, realized producing the dissolved coated fertilizer, because product does not have dust hardening of finished product to occur significantly reducing and the blade face of blade face crop is worked the mischief with common composite fertilizer material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of coated granule compound manure among the present invention.
1 outermost layer coating layer, 2 kernels, the 3rd among the figure, the internal layer coating layer.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: adopt common compound fertilizer granules as kernel (2), with kernel (2) surface with containing by weight at least 30% urea slip through once spraying coating, fine and close coating layer (3); Or coating for the second time, form coating layer, or coating for the third time, form coating layer, by that analogy, and can the multilayer coating, spray coating for the last time, form the fine and close coating layer (1) of outermost layer.Drying and cooling behind the coating, again to the finished particle case surface polish, round as a ball and anti-compaction spray treatment, promptly get described product.
A kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 90%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and spraying anti hardening agent, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 90.9% to it, the temperature of urea slip is about 120-135 ℃, and the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.Product particle intensity height (more than 10 newton); It is qualified that the dust rate is pressed the GB15063-2001 standard; Product 100% molten loosing; Even particle size, abnormity grain＜2%; Product content: total nutrient is from 25%48%; Monoculture is divided from N:14%-25%, P:0-15%, K:4%-20%; Product moisture≤2%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 97%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 97% to it, the temperature of urea slip is about 120-135 ℃, and the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 3: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 80%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.6mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 80% to it, the temperature of urea slip is about 100-125 ℃, and the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 4: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 99%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 99% to it, the temperature of urea slip is about 120-135 ℃, and the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 5: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 50%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 50% to it, also can add 40% inert filler (for example Paris white etc.) in the urea slip, the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 6: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 90%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 90% to it, also can add a small amount of potash fertilizer etc. in the urea slip, wherein potash fertilizer is vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, saltpetre etc., the temperature of urea slip is about 120-135 ℃, the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 7: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 97%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 92% to it, also can add a spot of ammonium sulfate etc. in the urea slip, the temperature of slip is about 125-135 ℃, the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 8: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 85%; The product diameter is that the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and fertilizer slurry shell that thickness is 0.1mm-1.5mm constitute, and has tangible aberration between kernel and the outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, spray the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 85% to it, also can add potash fertilizer, ammonium sulfate etc. in the urea slip, the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, the cooling post crystallization forms the coating type compound manure of obvious ectonexine outside kernel.
Embodiment 9: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 85%; The product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and the fertilizer slurry shell formation that two layers of thickness respectively is 0.1mm-1.5mm, all has tangible aberration between kernel and the two-layer outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, the first step sprays the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 85% to it, also can add potash fertilizer, ammonium sulfate etc. in the urea slip, the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, second step sprayed the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 90% to it, also can add potash fertilizer, ammonium sulfate etc. in the urea slip, the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, the cooling post crystallization forms obvious kernel and two layers of outer field coating type compound manure outside kernel.
Embodiment 10: a kind of coating type particle composite fertilizer, its coating material are urea, and its pulp density is a mass percent 85%; The product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm and the fertilizer slurry shell formation that two layers of thickness respectively is 0.1mm-1.5mm, all has tangible aberration between kernel and the multilayer outsourcing rete; The fertiliser granulates case surface is handled through polishing and the anti-plate agent of spraying, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm; The surface is light circle, and has gloss, has certain penetrating sense.Its production technique is: selecting the product diameter is the kernel of φ 1.0mm-φ 3.9mm, the first step sprays the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 85% to it, also can add potash fertilizer in the urea slip, ammonium sulfate etc., the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, second step sprayed the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 90% to it again, also can add potash fertilizer in the urea slip, ammonium sulfate etc., the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, the 3rd step sprayed the urea that its pulp density is a mass percent 90% to it again, also can add potash fertilizer in the urea slip, ammonium sulfate etc., the temperature of urea slip is about 90-115 ℃, different slip color like this is coating repeatedly, the cooling post crystallization forms the outer field coating type compound manure of obvious kernel and multilayer outside kernel.
In above product kernel production process, can add trace element (as magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum etc.) and each seed amino acid in various that crop needs (as the L-glutamic acid in the monosodium glutamate waste liquid etc.), humic acid waits the fertilizer efficiency that improves product, realizes the range of product diversification.
When producing above product adventitia bag section bar material, can add trace element (as magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum etc.) and each seed amino acid in various that crop needs (as the L-glutamic acid in the monosodium glutamate waste liquid etc.), humic acid waits the fertilizer efficiency that improves product, different inside and outside coating layers can add trace element (as magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum etc.) and each seed amino acid in required various of different crops (as the L-glutamic acid in the monosodium glutamate waste liquid etc.), humic acid waits the fertilizer efficiency that improves product, realize the range of product diversification.
Adopt common composite fertilizer material as the coated fertilizer coating simultaneously, solved the problems of dissolution of product, have good cost performance.
Wherein producing coating type particle composite fertilizer production technique circuit of the present invention is: 1 feeds intake; 2 meterings; Broken; 3, granulation; 4, drying; 5, screening; 6, one or many internal layer slip parcel; 7, outermost layer slip parcel; 8, drying; 9, cooling; 10, screening; 11, parcel coating anti-compaction; 12, metering packing warehouse-in.In the technological process of production, feed intake and measure, fragmentation is one of key link of product intensive amount control, the automatic red-tape operati of computer is adopted in metering, fragmentation is just handled at part particle starting material and macrobead returning charge, granulation is the emphasis link of kernel in the flow process, it is kernel production critical control point, drying is advanced drying treatment to kernel, it is the emphasis reference mark that kernel is produced, screening is that dried kernel material is screened, the particle screen selecting that will meet the dressing requirement comes out to carry out coating, one or many internal layer slip coating is to use slips such as urea that kernel is carried out thick coating, the requirement coating is even, the infiltration that coating layer does not have the kernel material takes place and the shelling phenomenon, there are not infiltration generation and shelling phenomenon between the coating layer, it is one of link of product intensive amount control, it is the critical control point of coating operation, last slip coating is to use slip coatings such as urea, the requirement coating is even, reach the product appearance light, it is one of link of product intensive amount control, it is the emphasis reference mark of coating operation, drying is that the good material of coating is polished drying treatment, it is the emphasis operation of product moisture control, cooling is the process that dried coating material is lowered the temperature, be to prevent one of link that product hardens, screening is that cooled work in-process are carried out gradation, reject defective particle, sieve out qualified finished product material, it is one of controlling unit of product appearance granular mass, coating coating anti-compaction is that the accept that sieves out the oil spout anti-compaction of applying powder is handled, it is the emphasis operation of product anti-compaction, the metering packing warehouse-in is that finished product is carried out metering packing and reach in accordance with regulations requiring to carry out output statistics and FIXED MANAGEMENT stacking finished product, is the critical process of product weight control.
The beneficial effect of the invention is, realized that kernel production and outer coatings layer operation are integrated, captured traditional coating type composite fertilizer outer wrapping Layer has been realized the coated fertilizer with Common compound fertilizer raw material production dissolving to pollution (such as the PE film) and the undissolved difficult problem of product of environment.
Claims (10)
1. coating type granular complex fertilizer product, it is made up of kernel and coating layer, it is characterized in that: the coating material of its coating layer is at least 30% urea by weight.
2. according to the product of claim 1, wherein, it is to adopt the urea slip that kernel is carried out the product that coating forms.
3. product according to claim 2, wherein, described coating potash fertilizer pulp density is 50-99%.
4. product according to claim 3, wherein, described coating potash fertilizer pulp density is 85-97%.
5. according to the arbitrary described product of claim 1 to 4, wherein, interior nuclear diameter is φ 1.0mm-3.6mm, and the thickness of coating membrance is 0.4mm-1.5mm, and the finished particle diameter is between the φ 1.8mm-φ 4.75mm.
6. according to arbitrary described a kind of coating type granular complex fertilizer product of claim 1-5, wherein, contain inert filler in the described urea.
7. according to the arbitrary described product of claim 1-6, wherein, contain potash fertilizer in the described urea.
8. according to the preparation method of arbitrary described product of claim 1-9, it comprises the steps: to adopt common compound fertilizer granules as kernel (2), at least 30% urea slip sprays coating through secondary with containing by weight with kernel (2) surface, form fine and close coating layer (1), after drying and the cooling, again to the finished particle case surface polish, round as a ball and anti-compaction spray treatment, promptly get described product.
9. method according to Claim 8 wherein, can also repeatedly spray coating on coating layer, forms the fine and close coating layer of outermost layer, back drying and cooling again, polishing, round as a ball and anti-compaction spray treatment.
10. according to the method for claim 10, wherein, the urea slurry temperature during spraying is 100-155 ℃, selects kernel particle diameter φ 1.0-3.6mm, finished product grain size 1.8-4.75mm, membrane wrapping thickness 0.4mm-1.5mm.
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| CN102408263A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-04-11 | 安徽统益生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of organic inorganic compound fertilizer |
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| CN103086807A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-05-08 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Bulk blend fertilizer for controlling soil-borne disease and preparation method of bulk blend fertilizer |
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