CN1012080B

CN1012080B - Sliding bearing alloy material and structure

Info

Publication number: CN1012080B
Application number: CN 88109664
Authority: CN
Inventors: 项宏瑶; 马恒玉; 宫本奎; 孙纬正
Original assignee: Special Metal Material Science & Technology Devel Co Shandong Prov
Current assignee: Special Metal Material Science & Technology Devel Co Shandong Prov
Priority date: 1988-10-15
Filing date: 1988-10-15
Publication date: 1991-03-20
Also published as: CN1041976A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sliding bearing alloy and a bearing structure. The sliding bearing alloy provided by the present invention adopts aluminum, silicon, copper, manganese, zinc, magnesium and rare earth as necessary ingredients, and has the characteristics of high strength, high rigidity, capability of whole being cast into a bearing shell; a novel sliding bearing is developed by means of the characteristics of the sliding bearing alloy; the novel sliding bearing has the structure that the inner surface of the back shell is cast with a plurality of trapezoidal grooves, the bearing shell is cast into a trapezoidal block, and the grooves and the block are processed and combined. The present invention has the advantages that the sliding bearing alloy has light weight, wear resistance, stainless property, low price and convenient smelting; the bearing structure has rationality, simple process, convenient assembly and disassembly and suitability for large-sized bearings, and other bearing alloys which are similar to the sliding bearing alloy of the present invention also adopt the bearing structure.

Description

Sliding bearing alloy material and structure

The present invention relates to the alloy material of sliding surface bearing.

Traditional bearing metal is a Babbitt metal, and all kinds of heavily loaded large axle bush and bearing still adopt the alloy material of this classics so far, and of all times, there can be no exception whatever.

Babbitt metal, especially tin antimony Babbitt metal are more satisfactory antifriction materials.It has conformability, seizure resistance and embedding Tibetan property preferably than other bearing metal, in the use axle is had the excellent protective energy, when the tile kilning accident promptly occurring, and the axle of not causing injury.This is that other alloy is incomparable.But on the other hand, utilize Babbitt metal to make bearing shell, also exist the deadly defect of can not big area promoting and being difficult to overcome.Here it is: (1) matrix is soft excessively, and intensity is too low, can not be in order to make the block cast bearing shell, it must be hung over the cast steel with sufficient intensity or watt back of cast iron.For this reason, before cast, watt back of the body must be carried out complex surfaces and handle.Otherwise, be difficult to guarantee that an alloy and a watt back of the body bond firmly, so that the shelling phenomenon take place.And this manufacture method, to the bearing of ball mill and so on main equipment, because diameter is big, watt meat approaches (alloy layer is generally 7-8mm), and its manufacture difficulty is big well imagines.This also is the one of the main reasons that a lot of manufacturers are reluctant to accept maybe can not make this class bearing so far.(2) because the Babbitt metal fusing point is too low, and intensity and hardness are also very low, must sufficient lubrication and restriction use temperature in the use.There are oil starvation or oil temperature to cross the danger that the higher position has tile kilning to shut down slightly.(3) select for use raw material ratio more valuable, the manufacturing process complexity, thereby cost height, price are expensive, in short supply.

The present invention is intended to the problems referred to above at traditional antifriction metal material existence, and a kind of intensity height, hardness height, good, the novel antifriction metal material cheap, that manufacturing process is simple, cost is low of drawing materials of wear resisting property are provided.

Main points of the present invention are by the selection to the antifriction metal composition, develop a kind ofly to be applicable to the block cast bearing shell, and intensity height, hardness height are arranged, performance is good and the Lately-Developed Zn-Base Bearing Alloy of polyphase structure structure.

Specific embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

1. the chemical ingredients of bearing alloy material is as shown in table 1:

Al, Si, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mg, RE are neccessary compositions in the table, and Sb, Ti, Ni are selection component.The optimum value of neccessary composition is: Al6-40%, Si1-3%, Cu0.5-5%, Mn1-3%, Zn60-90%, Mg0.1-0.3%, RE0.1-1.0%.

2. melting technology:

1. raw material is selected for use and is prepared:

Al: adopt the aluminium ingot more than No. 3,

Zn: adopt the zinc ingot metal more than No. 3,

Si: adopt the Al-Si master alloy,

Mn: adopt Al-Mn master alloy or manganese metal,

Cu: adopt Al-Cu master alloy or electrolytic copper Cu-1, Cu-2, Cu-3

Mg: adopt Al-Mg master alloy or Mg-1, Mg-2, Mg-3,

Ti: adopt the Al-Ti master alloy,

Sb: adopt the Al-Sb master alloy,

Ni: adopt the Al-Ni master alloy,

RE: adopt the Al-RE master alloy.

All raw materials all should be removed greasy dirt and foul, can go into stove after the preheating oven dry.

2. prepare burden: require to carry out charge calculation according to alloying constituent.

3. smelting furnace type: but electric arc furnace, induction furnace, resistance furnace, crucible oven, gas furnace, oil oven, all meltings of coke-fired furnace.Smelting furnace commonly used is electrical crucible and is the crucible oven of fuel with coke or oil.

4. melting technology: smelting temperature is 700～750 ℃, will often add insulating covering agent in the fusion process, reducing scaling loss, final purification, skims, and adds insulating covering agent again and the cast of coming out of the stove.

The present invention has overcome the defective of traditional bearing material fully.Its superiority shows:

1. drawing materials cheaply of bearing metal is easy to manufacture, excellent performance.Except that having the listed performance of table 2, also have light weight, characteristics such as wear-resisting, stainless.The comparable tin-base babbit of price is low more than 70%, and is lower more than 50% than tinbronze.Thereby be to replace the ideal material that Babbitt metal, copper base alloy etc. are made bearing.

Table 2

2. can be in order to casting standardized block cast tile fragment, for bearing manufacturing and use bring great convenience.When particularly changing, only need to return tile fragment to unload, load onto new tile fragment and carry out on-the-spot scraping slightly and can put into operation.

3. alloy material bearing shell of the present invention need not in the use oil temperature is done strict control, and as less than 60 ℃ etc., its use temperature scope can be loosened to 150 ℃.

Table 1

Composition Al Si Cu Mn Zn Mg RE

% 6-40 0.2-8 0.5-5 0.2-5 40-90 0.01-0.3 0.01-1.5

Composition Sb Ti Ni

% 0.2-2 0.01-1.5 0.2-2

Claims

1, a kind of is the antifriction metal material of matrix with zinc, it is characterized in that the scope (weight %) of the neccessary composition of alloy:

Al6-40%，Si0.2-8%，Cu0.5-5%，Zn40-90%，

Mn0.2-5%，Mg0.01-0.3%，RE0.01-1.5%。

2,, it is characterized in that the scope (weight %) of the selection component of described alloy according to the described bearing metal of claim 1:

Sb0.2-2%，Ti0.01-1.5%，Ni0.2-2%。