CN101202696B - Method and apparatus for flow control of load among intraoffice across gateways - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for flow control of load among intraoffice across gateways Download PDFInfo
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- CN101202696B CN101202696B CN2006101609972A CN200610160997A CN101202696B CN 101202696 B CN101202696 B CN 101202696B CN 2006101609972 A CN2006101609972 A CN 2006101609972A CN 200610160997 A CN200610160997 A CN 200610160997A CN 101202696 B CN101202696 B CN 101202696B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
- H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
- H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
- H04M7/125—Details of gateway equipment
- H04M7/1255—Details of gateway equipment where the switching fabric and the switching logic are decomposed such as in Media Gateway Control
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Abstract
The invention provides a loading flow control method used among gateways in a local, which includes the following steps of calculating the usable numbers for the virtual terminal marks among the gateways in the local; selecting a gateway pair according to the useable numbers when a soft exchange sets up an intermediate loading among the gateways in the local for the calling spanning the gateways in the local; and distributing the virtual terminal marks of the usable numbers on the selected gateway pair in the local, thus further controlling the loaded flow among the gateways in the local by the distribution on the number of the virtual terminal marks. The invention also provides a loading flow control device used among the gateways in the local.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more specifically, relate between the intra-office gateway based on the IPover E1 Flow Control scheme of (comprising the IP carrying).
Background technology
In the soft switch marketing, there is a part of medium and small operator, unablely undertake the construction of and safeguard a bigger IP bearer network, still can continue to use existing TDM time division multiplexing (Time Division Multiplexing) network after wishing to adopt soft switch.Therefore, provide a kind of IP over E1 scheme in the correlation technique, to satisfy the demand of this part operator.
After loading end adopts the scheme of IP over E1, voice will adopt cRTP (CompressedReal Time Protocol, Compressed Real-Time Protocol) mode transmits, cRTP is with original 40 byte-header (IP (Internet Protocol, Internet protocol) 20 byte, UDP (User Datagram Protocol, User Datagram Protoco (UDP)) 8 byte, RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol, RTP) 12 byte) be compressed to less than 4 bytes.With these two IP carrying encoding and decoding speechs commonly used of G.729 (no UP (User Plane, user plane, loading end)) and AMR (Adaptive MultiRate, adaptive multi-rate) 12.2k (band UP) is example, adopts the actual bandwidth after the cRTP compression as follows:
1) G.729 the bandwidth of (no UP) is 9.6kbps, when opening VAD (Voice ActivityDetection, voice activation detect) (utilization silence detection technology is saved bandwidth, the quiet factor calculating effective bandwidth by 0.6) then bandwidth be 5.76kbps;
2) bandwidth of AMR 12.2k (band UP) is 15.4kbps, when opening VAD then bandwidth be 9.24kbps.
Originally a time slot (64kbps) can only carry one tunnel conversation, compresses through cRTP:
1) can carry 6 tunnel (VAD closes) or 11 tunnel G.729 converse (VAD opens) of G.729 conversing;
2) can carry 4 road AMR 12.2k conversations (VAD closes) or 6 road AMR 12.2k conversations (VAD opens).
As seen Cheng Zai telephone traffic greatly increases, and the existing TDM network of operator does not need to transform simultaneously.
Need to consider the control of flow after the scheme of loading end employing IP over E1.Calling for interoffice inter-network pass, the agreement that signaling plane adopts provides the control of interoffice flow, BICC (Bearer Independent Call ControlProtocol as the GSM/WCDMA network, call control protocol with bearer independent) the agreement support utilizes the number of the effective controlling call of CIC (Call Instance Code, Call Instance Code) of interoffice planning.Yet,, still do not have the number of effective means restriction call at present for the calling that the intra-office inter-network is closed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of flow control method and device that is used for carrying between intra-office inter-network pass, is used for solving the problem that above-mentioned correlation technique does not still have number of calls between effective means restriction intra-office inter-network pass
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of flow control method that is used for carrying between intra-office inter-network pass, may further comprise the steps: calculated the virtual terminal sign useful number between the intra-office gateway; For the calling of striding the intra-office gateway, soft switch set up between the intra-office gateway in the middle of carrying when (claiming the call bearer between the intra-office gateway to be middle carrying herein), select gateway right according to useful number; And selected gateway on distribute the virtual terminal sign of useful number, and then by virtual terminal identification number purpose being distributed to come the flow that carries between control office's interior span gateway.
In above-mentioned flow control method, calculate useful number and may further comprise the steps: according to the total bandwidth of carrying, and speech business and data service account for the ratio of total bandwidth, calculates speech business bandwidth and data service bandwidth respectively; Utilize speech business bandwidth and data service bandwidth respectively divided by the bandwidth of voice virtual terminal sign and the bandwidth of data virtual terminal iidentification, calculate the virtual terminal sign number of intra-office gateway being supported.
In above-mentioned flow control method, calculate useful number according to speech business calls and the data service calls ratio of counting.
In above-mentioned flow control method, calculate useful number and may further comprise the steps: during the number of computing voice class virtual terminal sign, carrying pre-made allowance.
In above-mentioned flow control method, further comprising the steps of: if do not have gateway to distributing virtual terminal sign, then dismantling call.
In above-mentioned flow control method, further comprising the steps of: as to increase interface between gateway and the soft switch, when breaking down with fault recovery, dynamically adjust gateway to assignable virtual terminal sign number by the soft switch of gateway notice with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction.
In above-mentioned flow control method, the number of voice-and-data class virtual terminal sign increases or reduces by same ratio.
In above-mentioned flow control method, further comprising the steps of: soft switch issues virtual terminal and identifies to gateway and with gateway and carry out the audit of virtual terminal sign; Gateway is the configuration virtual terminal iidentification between this gateway and same office's neighboring gateway or routing gateway, and configuration mode is consistent with soft switch, and cooperates soft switch to finish the audit that virtual terminal is identified; When transmit port broke down with fault recovery, the soft switch of gateway notice refreshed the state of virtual terminal sign.
In above-mentioned flow control method, the centre is carried as IP carrying or IP over E1 carrying.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of flow control apparatus that is used for carrying between intra-office inter-network pass, having comprised: virtual terminal sign useful number computing module is used to calculate the virtual terminal sign useful number between the intra-office gateway; Gateway is used for for the calling of striding the intra-office gateway selecting module, and the instruction soft switch selects gateway right according to useful number when the middle carrying of setting up between the intra-office gateway; And the Flow Control module, be used for selected gateway on distribute the virtual terminal sign of useful number, and then by described virtual terminal identification number purpose is distributed to come the flow that carries between control office's interior span gateway.
In above-mentioned flow control apparatus, also comprise interface, it is arranged between gateway and the soft switch, is used for when breaking down with fault recovery with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction, dynamically adjusts gateway to assignable virtual terminal sign number by the soft switch of gateway notice.
As can be seen from the above description, no matter office call or station to station call are striden the intra-office gateway as long as call out, just can use the flow that carries in the middle of this programme control, therefore, the present invention has realized following technique effect:
The present invention has realized the active Flow Control to centre carrying (IP overE1 or IP carrying) by distributing VTID in soft switch.Thereby, the calling of having adopted flexible exchanging network of the present invention to close, the number of restriction call effectively for the intra-office inter-network.
Therefore, the present invention has guaranteed medium and small operator in the soft switch marketing, need not undertake the construction of and safeguard a bigger IP bearer network, can continue to use existing TDM time division multiplex network.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly from specification, become apparent, perhaps understand by implementing the present invention.Purpose of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by specifically noted structure in the specification of being write, claims and accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart that is used for the flow control method of carrying between intra-office inter-network pass according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram that is used for the flow control apparatus of carrying between intra-office inter-network pass according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the realization of flow control method according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 has shown according to the present invention the schematic diagram of realization of the flow control method of an embodiment.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart that is used for the flow control method of carrying between intra-office inter-network pass according to the embodiment of the invention, and it may further comprise the steps:
Step S102 calculates the VTID useful number between the intra-office gateway;
Step S104, for the calling of striding the intra-office gateway, soft switch selects gateway right according to useful number when the middle carrying of setting up between the intra-office gateway; And
Step S106, selected gateway on distribute the VTID of useful number, and then come the flow that carries between control office's interior span gateway by distribution to VTID.
Distribute by above-mentioned VTID, thereby realized the flow control of playing a game and carrying between the interior span gateway.
Calculating useful number can may further comprise the steps: according to the total bandwidth of centre carrying, and speech business and data service account for the ratio of total bandwidth, calculates speech business bandwidth and data service bandwidth respectively; Utilize speech business bandwidth and data service bandwidth respectively divided by the bandwidth of voice VTID and data VTID, calculate the VTID number of intra-office gateway being supported.
Wherein, calculate described useful number according to audio call number and the data service calls ratio of counting.Total calls that carrying is supported in the middle of supposing is X, and the ratio of voice and data call is 3: 7, and then 0.3*X* voice VTID bandwidth+0.7*X* data VTID bandwidth equals total bandwidth, and wherein 0.3*X is the number of voice VTID, and 0.7*X is the number of data VTID.Obviously, those skilled in the art can also use method for distinguishing to calculate the VTID useful number.
Voice VTID bandwidth is relevant with the code encoding/decoding mode that voice adopt, and individual excursion is arranged, and the bandwidth of reference is a mean value during computing voice VTID number.So preferably, during the useful number of computing voice class VTID, can reserve certain surplus, like this, when traffic carrying capacity has certain variation, can call this surplus and satisfy newly-increased business demand the centre carrying.
Select gateway to the time, as mentioned above, should select according to useful number, but also can consider the principle that gateway path is the shortest simultaneously, that is, when satisfying the precondition of above-mentioned useful number, then should select the gateway on the shortest gateway path right as the gateway of mulitpath.Preferably, select useful number many as far as possible and gateway that gateway path that constitute is short as far as possible is right.
In above-mentioned flow control method, also can may further comprise the steps: if do not have gateway distributing VTID, then dismantling call.
In above-mentioned flow control method, also can may further comprise the steps: need to increase interface between gateway and the soft switch, when breaking down with fault recovery, dynamically adjust gateway to assignable VTID number by the soft switch of gateway notice with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction.
The number of voice-and-data class VTID can suitably increase or reduce by same ratio.
In above-mentioned flow control method, further comprising the steps of: soft switch issues virtual terminal and identifies to gateway and with gateway and carry out the audit of virtual terminal sign; Gateway is the configuration virtual terminal iidentification between this gateway and same office's neighboring gateway or routing gateway, and configuration mode is consistent with soft switch, and cooperates soft switch to finish the audit that virtual terminal is identified; When transmit port broke down with fault recovery, the soft switch of gateway notice refreshed the state of virtual terminal sign.
In above-mentioned flow control method, middle carrying can be IP carrying and IP over E1 carrying.
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram that is used for the flow control apparatus 200 of carrying between intra-office inter-network pass according to the embodiment of the invention, and it comprises:
VTID useful number computing module 202 is used to calculate the VTID useful number between the intra-office gateway;
Gateway is used for for the calling of striding the intra-office gateway selecting module 204, and the instruction soft switch selects gateway right according to useful number when the middle carrying of setting up between the intra-office gateway; And
Distribute by above-mentioned VTID, thereby realized the flow control of playing a game and carrying between the interior span gateway.
In above-mentioned flow control apparatus 200, also can comprise interface, it is arranged between gateway and the soft switch, is used for when breaking down with fault recovery with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction, dynamically adjusts gateway to assignable virtual terminal sign number by the soft switch of gateway notice.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with the general calculation device, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation element forms, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in the storage device and carry out by calculation element, perhaps they are made into each integrated circuit modules respectively, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step are made into the single integrated circuit module and realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.Should be understood that the variation in these concrete enforcements is conspicuous for a person skilled in the art, do not break away from spiritual protection range of the present invention.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, use the administrative mechanism of the intermediate circuit of existing TDM carrying, VTID (continuous gateway respectively disposes the VTID of one group of correspondence) is disposed in soft switch (comprising the soft switch of GSM/WCDMA/NGN/CDMA/IMS network) between the intra-office gateway, maintenance to VTID is identical with the maintenance to TID, but do not need to be handed down to gateway and carry out the audit of TID (Termination Identifier, terminal iidentification) with gateway.The VTID that is disposed comprises: gateway 1 (VTID12)＜--gateway 2 (VTID21); Gateway 1 (VTID13)＜--〉gateway 3 (VTID31); Gateway 2 (VTID23)＜--〉gateway 3 (VTID32); VTIDXY: one group of VTID that gateway X disposes on neighboring gateway Y direction.
VTID is divided into two classes, corresponding voice-and-data business respectively, and voice class VTID estimates average bandwidth according to the encoding and decoding speech commonly used (as AMR and G.729) and the ratio of use, and the bandwidth of data class VTID is defaulted as 64kbps (adopting G.711 encoding and decoding).The band data that VTID has been arranged, the total bandwidth and the shared ratio (or calls ratio) of voice/data traffic of carrying according to the centre just can draw the VTID number of gateway to being supported.During the number of computing voice class VTID, can consider to reserve certain surplus, because the bandwidth of voice class VTID is a mean value after all to middle carrying.Gateway disposes the maximum bandwidth capacity to transmit port, and this can remedy the deficiency that the flow of middle carrying can not be accurately controlled in soft switch.
For the calling that the intra-office inter-network is closed, in the middle of soft switch is set up during carrying, available VTID number selects suitable gateway right between closing according to the shortest principle of gateway path and intraoffice network, and distributes VTID on relevant gateway.If do not have suitable gateway, then call out and to be removed distributing VTID.Discharge VTID when removing the calling that has distributed VTID.
Need to increase interface between gateway and the soft switch, when breaking down with fault recovery with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction, dynamically adjust the VTID number of respective gateway to supporting by the soft switch of gateway notice, the number of voice-and-data class VTID can suitably increase or reduce by same ratio.
As shown in Figure 4, the VTID scheme is applicable to the IP carrying too, supports between the intra-office gateway by the totally interconnected and non-totally interconnected scene of IP network (i.e. IP network among the figure).For non-totally interconnected scene, can not consider the existence of IP network, directly between the gateway that links to each other by IP network, dispose VTID.The VTID that is disposed comprises: gateway 1 (VTID1)＜--routing gateway; Gateway 2 (VTID2)＜--〉routing gateway; Gateway 3 (VTID3)＜--〉routing gateway; VTIDX: one group of VTID that gateway X disposes on IP cloud direction, wherein, the IP cloud is abstract to be routing gateway.
For totally interconnected scene, then can with IP network abstract be routing gateway, between actual gateway and routing gateway, dispose VTID, situation according to the traffic distribution, the total bandwidth of IP network support is pro rata distributed to the carrying between actual gateway and the routing gateway, only dispose the VTID of actual gateway side, the VTID number that can use according to gateway when carrying in the middle of soft switch is set up is selected suitable gateway, and distributes VTID on respective gateway.Can not distribute VTID if there is suitable gateway, then call out and to be removed.Discharge VTID when removing the calling that has distributed VTID.Need to increase interface between gateway and the soft switch, when the transmit port on the IP network direction breaks down with fault recovery, dynamically adjust the VTID number that respective gateway is supported by the soft switch of gateway notice, the number of voice-and-data class VTID can increase or reduce by same ratio.
The VTID of configuration virtual between the intra-office gateway but not virtual CIC has two reasons:
1) the inevitable notion of introducing office direction between the intra-office gateway of virtual CIC is adopted in real CIC and office direction binding, there is no need, and certain virtual CIC also can not link up with office direction, but it is not too desirable not inherit the definition of CIC.And, allow gateway too big for Flow Control increases the CIC cost specially.
2) adopt virtual VTID, inherit the characteristics of TID, have irreplaceable advantage, on soft switch and gateway, all can expand support easily VTID.
On the basis of such scheme, VTID is handled as TID fully, require soft switch to issue VTID and carry out the audit of VTID to gateway and with gateway, gateway then is supported in this gateway and disposes VTID between office's neighboring gateway (or routing gateway) together, configuration mode is consistent with soft switch, differentiation voice-and-data business, the VTID of definition different bandwidth; The audit to VTID is finished in the cooperation soft switch, and the notice soft switch refreshes the state of VTID when transmit port breaks down with fault recovery, but not adjusts the number of VTID.
As can be seen from the above description, no matter office call or station to station call are striden the intra-office gateway as long as call out, just can use the flow that carries in the middle of this programme control, therefore, the present invention has realized following technique effect:
The present invention has realized the active Flow Control to the centre carrying by distributing VTID in soft switch.Thereby, the calling of having adopted flexible exchanging network of the present invention to close, the number of restriction call effectively for the intra-office inter-network.
Therefore, the present invention has guaranteed medium and small operator in the soft switch marketing, need not undertake the construction of and safeguard a bigger IP bearer network, can continue to use existing TDM time division multiplex network.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a flow control method that is used for carrying between intra-office inter-network pass is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Calculate the useful number of the virtual terminal sign between the intra-office gateway;
For the calling of striding described intra-office gateway, soft switch selects gateway right according to described useful number when the middle carrying of setting up between described intra-office gateway; And
Selected gateway on distribute the virtual terminal sign of described useful number, and then come the flow that carries between control office's interior span gateway by distribution to the number of described virtual terminal sign.
2. flow control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, calculates described useful number and may further comprise the steps:
According to the total bandwidth of described carrying, and speech business and data service account for the ratio of total bandwidth, calculates speech business bandwidth and data service bandwidth respectively;
Utilize speech business bandwidth and data service bandwidth respectively divided by the bandwidth of voice virtual terminal sign and the bandwidth of data virtual terminal iidentification, calculate the number that described intra-office gateway identifies the virtual terminal of being supported.
3. flow control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, calculates described useful number according to speech business calls and the data service calls ratio of counting.
4. flow control method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, calculates described useful number and may further comprise the steps:
During the number of computing voice class virtual terminal sign, to the pre-made allowance of described carrying.
5. flow control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of:
If do not have gateway to distributing the virtual terminal sign, then remove described calling.
6. flow control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of:
Increase interface between gateway and the soft switch, when breaking down with fault recovery, dynamically adjust the number of described gateway assignable virtual terminal sign by the soft switch of gateway notice with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction.
7. flow control method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the number of voice-and-data class virtual terminal sign increases or reduces by same ratio.
8. flow control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, and is further comprising the steps of:
Soft switch issues virtual terminal and identifies to gateway and with gateway and carry out the audit of virtual terminal sign;
Gateway is the configuration virtual terminal iidentification between this gateway and same office's neighboring gateway or routing gateway, and configuration mode is consistent with soft switch, and cooperates soft switch to finish the audit that virtual terminal is identified;
When transmit port broke down with fault recovery, the soft switch of gateway notice refreshed the state of virtual terminal sign.
9. according to each described flow control method in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that described centre is carried as IP carrying or IP over E1 carrying.
10. a flow control apparatus that is used for carrying between intra-office inter-network pass is characterized in that, comprising:
Virtual terminal sign useful number computing module is used to calculate the useful number that the virtual terminal between the intra-office gateway identifies;
Gateway is used for for the calling of striding described intra-office gateway selecting module, and the instruction soft switch selects gateway right according to described useful number when the middle carrying of setting up between described intra-office gateway; And
The Flow Control module, be used for selected gateway on distribute the virtual terminal sign of described useful number, and then come the flow that carries between control office's interior span gateway by distribution to the number of described virtual terminal sign.
11. flow control apparatus according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, also comprise interface, it is arranged between gateway and the soft switch, be used for when breaking down with fault recovery, dynamically adjust the number of described gateway assignable virtual terminal sign by the soft switch of gateway notice with the transmit port on office's neighboring gateway direction.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101609972A CN101202696B (en) | 2006-12-11 | 2006-12-11 | Method and apparatus for flow control of load among intraoffice across gateways |
| PCT/CN2007/003481 WO2008071071A1 (en) | 2006-12-11 | 2007-12-06 | A method for controlling flow carried cross-gateway in a office and device thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101609972A CN101202696B (en) | 2006-12-11 | 2006-12-11 | Method and apparatus for flow control of load among intraoffice across gateways |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101202696A CN101202696A (en) | 2008-06-18 |
| CN101202696B true CN101202696B (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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| CN2006101609972A Active CN101202696B (en) | 2006-12-11 | 2006-12-11 | Method and apparatus for flow control of load among intraoffice across gateways |
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| WO (1) | WO2008071071A1 (en) |
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| JP5278547B2 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2013-09-04 | 日本電気株式会社 | Call control system and call control method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6614781B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-09-02 | Level 3 Communications, Inc. | Voice over data telecommunications network architecture |
| CN1466335A (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data flow control method in data insertion equipment |
| CN1499793A (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-26 | ��Ϊ��������˾ | Method for controlling flux in channel mapped by virtual container in metropolitan area transmission equipment |
-
2006
- 2006-12-11 CN CN2006101609972A patent/CN101202696B/en active Active
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2007
- 2007-12-06 WO PCT/CN2007/003481 patent/WO2008071071A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6614781B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-09-02 | Level 3 Communications, Inc. | Voice over data telecommunications network architecture |
| CN1466335A (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data flow control method in data insertion equipment |
| CN1499793A (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-26 | ��Ϊ��������˾ | Method for controlling flux in channel mapped by virtual container in metropolitan area transmission equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| CN 1466335 A,全文. |
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| WO2008071071A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| CN101202696A (en) | 2008-06-18 |
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