CN101201395B - Underground garage positioning system based on RFID technique - Google Patents
Underground garage positioning system based on RFID technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN101201395B CN101201395B CN2007103039906A CN200710303990A CN101201395B CN 101201395 B CN101201395 B CN 101201395B CN 2007103039906 A CN2007103039906 A CN 2007103039906A CN 200710303990 A CN200710303990 A CN 200710303990A CN 101201395 B CN101201395 B CN 101201395B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underground garage location system which is based on the RFID technology. The location system reads the related information of the reference RFID label and the target RFID label and the intensity of the emitting frequency signal; then the interconnection with a PC machine is realized by a switching machine. The location analyzing module stored in the PC machine changes the received three way information into a message format of the label information at first; then after comprising the differences of the intensity parameter of four neighboring frequency signals, whether or not a vehicle is parked in a parking space of the garage can be judged; and the information is shown in a display of the PC machine for the garage manager to watch the actual situation on the display. The location way of the invention applies the RFID technology; the RFID reader is used to collect the target RFID label on the vehicle and the RSS parameter of the reference RFLD label at the parking space; the neighboring location algorithm based on RSS intensity is used to realize the exact location of vehicles, which can also display the parking location of vehicles at real time in a virtual garage map.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of indoor orientation method, more particularly say, be meant a kind of based on the RFID technology, underground parking cars carried out that the position is determined and parking stall occupied positioning system whether.
Background technology
Aspect outdoor location, technical development is very ripe, topmost positioning system is exactly well-known global position system GPS, but because GPS relies on satellite-signal to position, and a large amount of parking lots is built in undergroundly now, is difficult to receive satellite-signal, and there is intrinsic precision problem in GPS on indoor accurate position, GPS equipment price costliness installs difficulty additional simultaneously, is not suitable for the use of a large amount of interim vehicles in parking lot.So must solve the problem of indoor positioning by other location technology.
RFID (radio-frequency (RF) identification) is a kind of non-contacting automatic identification technology, its ultimate principle is to utilize radiofrequency signal and space coupling (inductive coupling or electromagnetic coupled) transport property, realization is to being identified the automatic identification of object, have the unrivaled advantage of many traditional automatic identification technologies, as noncontact, distance, read-write, contain much information, need not manual intervention, multiple goal discerns etc. simultaneously.The RSS parameter, received wireless signal strength when being RFID card reader label reading, usually measure with watt or dBm, it is a messaging parameter relevant with distance, and main flow rfid interrogator in the market all begins to support gradually directly to export the function of RSS intensity, is more prone to obtain than other messaging parameter.
At present, what existing parking management system was mainly paid close attention to is the quantity and the time in vehicle turnover parking lot, can only manage the turnover of vehicle and the whole operating position of parking stall, and vehicle enters the stand behind the parking lot, the real-time distribution situation that parking position uses but can not effectively be managed, generally need manpower to monitor on the spot, expended great amount of manpower, and efficient is very low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of underground garage positioning system based on the RFID technology, this positioning system (one) is at first by being furnished with the label with reference to RFID on each parking stall of underground garage, effectively being furnished with the RFID card reader in the identification range, target RFID label is arranged to the vehicle granting that enters the garage; (2) read all reference label identification information C that outwards launch with reference to the RFID label in the garage by the RFID card reader then in the radiofrequency signal mode
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
BRead the target labels identification information M that all the target RFID labels in the garage are outwards launched in the radiofrequency signal mode by the RFID card reader
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B(3) the RFID card reader is with the reference label identification information C that reads
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
B, target labels identification information M
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B, and the card reader identification information A of self
nBe uploaded in the PC through switch; (4) the reference label identification information C of PC to receiving
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
B, target labels identification information M
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B, card reader identification information A
nLocation resolution module in being stored in the PC storer is converted to label information message format storage earlier, adopt the difference contrast of the strong and weak parameter of the adjacent radiofrequency signal in four positions then after, determine whether parked vehicle is arranged in the parking stall; And the information of the vehicle that will whether berth is shown in the display, carries out watching actual state on the display for the garage supvr.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that reads of underground garage label signal of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic layout pattern of part underground garage space card reader, label.
Fig. 3 is the interface block diagram that shows No. four target RFID label vehicles on the display.
Fig. 4 shows the interface block diagram that does not have No. four target RFID label vehicles on the display.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The invention provides a kind of Parking Stall location management system of the RFID of utilization technology, this system can show the stand of the overall picture and the vehicle in parking lot in real time intuitively.This system also has highly compatible simultaneously, can be connected into system by simple configuration for different hardware devices, and not need system is carried out secondary development.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of underground garage positioning system based on the RFID technology of the present invention includes PC (server), switch, a plurality of RFID card reader, a plurality of with reference to RFID label, a plurality of target RFID label.The RFID card reader is used to read with reference to the tag identifier information of RFID label, target RFID label and the power of radiofrequency signal.Store the location resolution module that adopts the software mode compiling in the PC, this location parsing module is self available file layout with the information translation that receives at first, then the information in this document form is carried out the difference contrast of the strong and weak parameter of the adjacent radiofrequency signal in four positions, thereby obtain a target RFID label and four radio-frequency (RF) signal strength values with reference to the RFID label, if these four radio-frequency (RF) signal strength values are close, then think this target RFID label these four with reference to the RFID label in, promptly determined just sail the garage into vehicle in this parking stall.
In the present invention, the RFID card reader arranges that according to effective identification range arrangement is to be placed on four jiaos, generally at 20 * 20～100 * 100m
2The space in place four RFID card reader.
In the present invention, be on four jiaos of first parking stall of each row (row), to arrange four with reference to the RFID label with reference to the RFID label, adjacent with this parking stall just only arranges that two get final product.
In the present invention, target RFID label be vehicle when entering the garage, give by the supvr at inlet, this target RFID label will move along with the motion of vehicle, stop behind the parking stall static by vehicle at last.
Referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, a kind of underground garage positioning system of the present invention based on the RFID technology, this positioning system (one) is at first by being furnished with the label with reference to RFID on each parking stall of underground garage, effectively being furnished with the RFID card reader in the identification range, target RFID label is arranged to the vehicle granting that enters the garage; (2) read all reference label identification information C that outwards launch with reference to the RFID label in the garage by the RFID card reader then in the radiofrequency signal mode
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
BRead the target labels identification information M that all the target RFID labels in the garage are outwards launched in the radiofrequency signal mode by the RFID card reader
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B(3) the RFID card reader is with the reference label identification information C that reads
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
B, target labels identification information M
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B, and the card reader identification information A of self
nBe uploaded in the PC through switch; (4) the reference label identification information C of PC to receiving
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
B, target labels identification information M
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B, card reader identification information A
nLocation resolution module in being stored in the PC storer is converted to label information message format storage earlier, adopt the difference contrast of the strong and weak parameter of the adjacent radiofrequency signal in four positions then after, determine in the parking stall in garage whether parked vehicle is arranged; And the information of the vehicle that will whether berth is shown in the display, carries out watching actual state on the display for the garage supvr.
In the present invention, described label information message format is:
| SrcReaderName(256bit) | TagID (256bit) | RSSValue (32bit) | Time (14bit) |
SrcReaderName represents it is information (the card reader identification information A which RFID card reader is gathered in the label information message
n), TagID represents in which RFID label (this label information both can be reference label identification information C in information acquisition
A, also can be target labels identification information M
A), (this signal strength values both can be the strong and weak C of reference label signal to the signal strength values that RSSValue represents to read
B, also can be the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B), Time represents to gather the time of this information.Have only three the tunnel in the information actual flow implantation site parsing module for above-mentioned label information message format compiling.
In the present invention, the RFID card reader is per 20 * 20～100 * 100m in the layout number of underground garage
2Place four, the number of RFID card reader is with 4,6,8,10 ... increase progressively placement.
In the present invention, PC is the computer based device, is used for providing on a display two dimensional image in virtual garage, and shows corresponding to the space of the useful space position in described true garage.The PC minimalist configuration is Pentium4, CPU 1.0GHz, and internal memory 512MB, operating system is Windows XP.The location resolution module adopts C
++The language compiling utilizes MapInfo Professional software can make the parking stall map of revising the parking lot like a cork, and goes up relative coordinate for it disposes.
Choose RFCode with reference to RFID label, target RFID label, M100 433MHz Tag.
RFID card reader U.S. RFCode company, M200 433MHz Reader.
Switch is chosen Dlink, DES-1008D.
In the present invention, the location resolution module includes vehicle turnover administration module, scene management module, graphical interfaces module, location algorithm module, hardware adaptation module.
(1) vehicle turnover administration module
It is to provide target RFID label that vehicle is marched into the arena, and utilizes the unique ID of RFID label number, and registration of vehicle is marched into the arena and left the theatre the time, calculates required expense automatically.That utilizes the RFID label simultaneously reads characteristic at a distance, can also support the turnover function automatically of exempting to stop of long-term card.When vehicle during near the gateway, the remote reading tag id information of system judges that the dispense with parking of letting pass is automatically tested card if long-term card then lifts pin automatically.
(2) scene management module
Before system enables, need carry out initialization at the parking lot environment, this function is realized by the scene management module.The scene management module manages three key elements in the scene of parking lot, and they are respectively: (1) parking scene map, and (2) RFID card reader and distributing position thereof, (3) are with reference to RFID label and distributing position thereof.The all scene configuration data storage of system is in scene database.Scene management module document scene main and * .scn suffix name is come into contacts with.* the information that writes down in the .scn file has the map file path of scene, the details such as database table name of storage equipment details, and the segment of a * .scn file is as follows:
<SceneDescription>
<Map>C:|Map|P1|Park.gst</Map>
<ReaderTable>P1Readers</ReaderTable>
<TagTable>P1Tags</TagTable>
</SceneDescription>
Different parking lot scenes is corresponding no * .scn file respectively, and the card reader in the scene and the information of label all are to be defined in the table of database.By selecting different * .scn files, can realize management respectively to the parking lot.When the parking stall layout changed, the corresponding data that only needs to revise * .scn file can adapt to new scene.
(3) graphical interfaces module
This module is used for the parking lot scene is carried out visual graphic presentation (as shown in Figure 3), comprise show whole parking area, with reference to the distribution of RFID label and the real time position of vehicle.System will call the figure interface module and show after scene administration module loading scenario data, and the function that the user also will mainly provide by this module obtains vehicle location intuitively.Main interface is the planimetric map of location scene, can be clear and intuitive see the parking stall that vehicle is parked, and parking stall operating position makes things convenient for managerial personnel's guide of stopping.The tree menu of left part has been listed RFID equipment all in the scene, can manage these equipment easily, checks their attribute, changes their position or the like.
(4) location algorithm module
Location resolution module of the present invention is treated positioning label with the algorithm that calls this module and is carried out location estimation after collecting the RSS parameter of each label (with reference to RFID label, target RFID label).The location algorithm module is to need the collection of functions used in the location.Wherein of paramount importance is Neighbor_select (int k) function, and this function is wanted can be expeditiously the Euclidean distance of each reference label correspondence to be sorted, and k nearest-neighbors before finding out.Consider efficiency, what the present invention used in the realization of this function is to select sort algorithm, is the element of selecting a value minimum because select the core action of each time of sort algorithm ordering.Since k minimum value before the present invention just is concerned about, thus do not need whole Euclidean distance vector is sorted, and only need can find out k minimum value with selecting sort algorithm ordering k time, improved efficient.
(5) hardware adaptation module
This module is used to shield the interface isomery that different hardware is brought.The collecting method difference that different equipment provides has plenty of by network, and what have then is by serial ports, USB or the like.This module is then used network uniformly, receives the data that come from each equipment, and the data layout that requires to be received is unified.Function EstablishConnection (CReader in the hardware adaptation module
*PReader) be used for connecting with card reader.Its principle of work is to be connected by setting up TCP/IP with the data acquisition end program of directly being responsible for these card reader data of collection.But for this module itself, the kind of card reader transparent, it just carries out network according to the IP address of configuration with port and is connected, and obtains data then.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, park the parking lot of 12 dollies.
Four card reader (A card reader, B card reader, C card reader, D card reader) are placed on four angles in parking lot respectively, these four card reader read respectively place in the parking lot all with reference to the RFID label with go into the relevant information of the target RFID label on parking stall.
As shown in Figure 2, the dolly that on B parking stall (car), D parking stall (No. two cars) and F parking stall (No. three cars), berthed respectively.When No. four cars when inlet sails the parking lot into, obtain a car card (this car card is called target RFID label No. four) in the porch, and when being advanced into the K parking stall slowly, RFID processing module in the PC is called the location algorithm module No. four target RFID labels is positioned, by No. four adjacent four positions of determining No. four target RFID labels with reference to the RSS signal power of RFID label of target RFID label.Through resolve No. 18 with reference to RFID label, No. 19 outwards the strong and weak RSS signal powers with No. four target RFID labels of RSS signal of emission are the most approaching with reference to the RFID label with reference to RFID label, No. 22 with reference to RFID label, No. 21, so be defined as No. four target RFID labels on the K parking stall.The supvr can watch the K parking stall occupied by display, as shown in Figure 3.
When No. four cars when the parking lot is rolled in outlet away from, the supvr is by reading the target labels identification information M in the target RFID label No. four
A, and after the RFID processing module is handled, obtain the down time of No. four cars, thus charge.The K parking stall is shown as sky on the interface simultaneously, as shown in Figure 4.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) the real-time location of vehicle location,
System utilizes the RFID technology, adopts the RSS parameter of passing through collection vehicle RFID label and parking stall reference label of label, utilizes the neighbour's location algorithm based on RSS intensity, realizes the accurate location of vehicle, and can show vehicle location in real time in the garage virtual map.When adopting spacing 2m layout with reference to RFID label grid, error can adapt to the needs of the location of stopping about 0.5～1m;
(2) parking lot map visualized management function.The management map function realizes based on MapX, when the parking position layout changes, utilizes MapInfo Professional software can make the parking stall map of revising the parking lot like a cork, and goes up relative coordinate for it disposes.And can be easily with reader device, pels such as label are presented in the map in parking lot;
(3) the long-time users automatically turnover function of exempting to stop, long-term card user, only need label is attached on the windshield, when each vehicle arrives the gateway, parking lot, by remote card-reading apparatus by the RFID label read judgement at a distance, the may command pin lifts automatically, and therefore long-term card user vehicle can pause, drive straight in.Improved the traffic efficiency of vehicle greatly.
(4) security of positional information calculation.Native system focuses on all persons' of being positioned information (centralized calculation) by central server, and broadcasts to the related personnel according to certain mode.Calculate (local calculating) at the person's of being positioned one end with respect to locating information, after the person of being positioned obtained the positional information of oneself, how decision announced the positional information of oneself.Has higher security;
(5) hardware compatibility.Native system adopts independently data acquisition module, obtain the respective labels data that the RFID card reader provides according to different hardware interfaces and data layout, and be packaged as the consolidation form (label information message) that system accepts in himself inside, send the interface isomery that the shielding different hardware is brought then to the hardware adaptation module by network.
Claims (1)
1. underground garage localization method based on the RFID technology, it is characterized in that: at first by be furnished with the label with reference to RFID on each parking stall of underground garage, described placement number with reference to the RFID label is 2,4,6,8,10 to this localization method () ... increase progressively; Effectively be furnished with the RFID card reader in the identification range, the placement number of described RFID card reader is 4,6,8,10 ... increase progressively; To the vehicle granting that enters the garage target RFID label is arranged; (2) read all reference label identification information C that outwards launch with reference to the RFID label in the garage by the RFID card reader then in the radiofrequency signal mode
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
BRead the target labels identification information M that all the target RFID labels in the garage are outwards launched in the radiofrequency signal mode by the RFID card reader
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B(3) the RFID card reader is with the reference label identification information C that reads
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
B, target labels identification information M
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B, and the card reader identification information A of self
nBe uploaded in the PC through switch; (4) the reference label identification information C of PC to receiving
A, the strong and weak C of reference label signal
B, target labels identification information M
A, the strong and weak M of target labels signal
B, card reader identification information A
nLocation resolution module in being stored in the PC storer is converted to label information message format storage earlier, adopt the difference contrast of the strong and weak parameter of the adjacent radiofrequency signal in four positions then after, determine in the parking stall in garage whether parked vehicle is arranged; And the information of the vehicle that will whether berth is shown in the display, carries out watching actual state on the display for the garage supvr;
Described label information message format is:
SrcReaderName represents it is the information which RFID card reader is gathered in the label information message, and which RFID label TagID represents information acquisition in, and RSSValue represents the signal strength values read, and Time represents to gather the time of this information.
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| CN2007103039906A CN101201395B (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2007-12-24 | Underground garage positioning system based on RFID technique |
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| CN101201395B true CN101201395B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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