CN101194100A - Circuit for detecting variable corresponding to combustion - Google Patents
Circuit for detecting variable corresponding to combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN101194100A CN101194100A CNA2006800208681A CN200680020868A CN101194100A CN 101194100 A CN101194100 A CN 101194100A CN A2006800208681 A CNA2006800208681 A CN A2006800208681A CN 200680020868 A CN200680020868 A CN 200680020868A CN 101194100 A CN101194100 A CN 101194100A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/266—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the computer being backed-up or assisted by another circuit, e.g. analogue
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
- F02P2017/125—Measuring ionisation of combustion gas, e.g. by using ignition circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
In a circuit and a method for detecting combustion-related variables in an internal combustion engine, an ionization signal is determined as a function of the flame. In order to improve the accuracy of the detection, the ionization measuring circuit is connected to the ignition electrode and decoupled from the ignition coil by a decoupling means. In the method, a voltage potential is built up in a measuring voltage storage unit in the ignition phase with an ignition current. During at least one measuring phase, the voltage potential is applied to an ignition electrode via a measuring resistor, the ignition voltage being decoupled from the measuring voltage storage unit or from the measuring resistor when the voltage drops below a threshold voltage.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit, it is used for detecting the variable relevant with burning at the combustion phase of internal-combustion engine especially four stroke engine by the igniting polar that provides firing pulse, and the invention still further relates to a kind of method of determining the variable relevant with burning in the combustion process in internal-combustion engine.
In EP 0 801 226 A2 and DE 196 49 278 A1, this class methods have been described.
Details about the characteristic variable of combustion process can draw by the ionization measurement in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine.The air ratio that these characteristic variables are especially burnt, burning beginning, aflame variation in pressure, post ignition, detonation, cutoff etc.
For this purpose, sensor element is arranged on the representational position in the firing chamber usually.Typically, this sensor element is a conducting element, and it is by the electromotive force insulation of insulator and firing chamber.
Measuring voltage applies by signaling line, and electric current and combustion mode irrespectively the combustion gas through being ionized flow to the firing chamber ground wire from sensor element.Such electric current is analyzed subsequently.
The ionization measurement device typically is connected to the ignition voltage circuit of internal-combustion engine.Under these circumstances, firing circuit comprises ignition coil unit, spark plug and the two electrical connection.Ignition coil unit advantageously can comprise and be used for primary air is connected to the electronic power system that energy source comes trigger spark.
Under these circumstances, the energy that is used for realizing ionization measurement is obtained or by the exterior source of energy supply from firing circuit when igniting.Ionization current causes the voltage drop on the measuring resistor, and passes to the engine management unit that is used to analyze and further handles the ionization pattern by slotted line.Yet the shortcoming that such structure has is to need additional wires.
Up to now, by at the aspects such as maximum value of " how much " data such as maximum value, peaked position, integration, barycenter, gradient, gradient to the Functional Analysis of ionic current configuration, carry out the analysis of ionization signal pattern under the situation of intermittent burning in internal-combustion engine (four stroke engine, diesel engine etc.), be used for determining engine parameter such as air ratio, retarded combustion, cutoff, detonation, optional firing time.
System interference influence can influence the analysis of geometric data, as spark plug burnout, spark plug stains, the random fluctuation of the conductivity of different fuel qualities and the flame that causes thus, the signal magnitude that causes owing to the different propagation of flame front in the firing chamber, the influence (also relevant with engine loading) that is caused by the residual voltage of lighting a fire, the influence that is different from the aspect of engine parameter to be determined.
Only can improve analysis aspect the desirable parameter by calibration and weighting function limitedly.
The objective of the invention is to improve the testing precision of ionization signal.
This purpose reaches by a kind of circuit and a kind of method described in claim 13 described in claim 1.
Under these circumstances, the ionization measurement circuit is connected to igniting polar, and by decoupling device and spark coil decoupling.At ignition phase, in the measuring voltage storage unit, set up voltage potential by initial firing current, and at least one measuring phases, this voltage potential is applied to igniting polar by measuring resistor, wherein when ignition voltage is brought down below threshold voltage, ignition voltage and measuring voltage storage unit or measuring resistor decoupling.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the ionization measurement circuit is connected between the ignition voltage guide terminal and igniting polar of primary side of ignition transformer, and between terminal primary side and that reference potential is related of reference potential and ignition transformer, be connected with electronic switch, this electronic switch switches on state by control unit during firing pulse, be used to allow fire signal pass through, and switch to blocked state in the ionization measurement stage at least.The measuring voltage memory circuit is connected between the ignition voltage guide terminal and igniting polar of primary side of ignition transformer, and is connected with electronic switch between terminal primary side and that reference potential is relevant of reference potential and ignition transformer.This circuit can be integrated in the ignition transformer.This circuit has the ionization measurement circuit, and this ionization measurement circuit is connected to igniting polar and by decoupling device and the decoupling of ionization transformer.A kind of method has been proposed, wherein in the measuring voltage storage unit, set up voltage potential with initial firing current at ignition phase, wherein by measuring resistor voltage potential is applied to igniting polar at least one measuring phases, wherein ignition voltage is when being brought down below threshold voltage and measuring voltage storage unit or measuring resistor decoupling.
The igniting residual voltage is by electronic switch and the decoupling of ionization measurement circuit, and this electronic switch is switched on state during firing pulse, allowing fire signal pass through, and is switched to not on-state after firing pulse, is used for ionization measurement.This switch is subjected to the IGNITION CONTROL unit drives, the process of this ignition control unit control ignition.
This method also can advantageously together be used with ignition spark control.Under these circumstances, the ignition voltage control unit cuts off firing pulse after being controlled at predetermined lasting time, and its mode is that the elementary winding of ignition transformer is loaded on Low ESR ground by short circuit.The voltage that occurs in the primary side of ignition transformer when the dump energy of ignition transformer reduces can not passed to the ionization measurement circuit by the electronic switch that is disconnected.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the first predetermined firing duration by ignition spark pre-determines the ignition energy that is limited.After first ignition spark burning finishes, carry out the ionization measurement in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine, with definite ionization measurement value.The ionization measurement value compares with the value of being scheduled to, and hangs down under the situation of ionization in the mistake corresponding to the fuel-air mixture of not lighted a fire as yet, and second ignition voltage is applied to spark plug.After second ignition spark burning finishes, measure ionization once more and compare, whether take place to determine the igniting in the firing chamber.Therefore, after ignition spark is finished, check to determine whether igniting has taken place and whether mixture burns.Produce ignition spark carry out always, up to the ionization value that measures corresponding to the mixture of being lighted with the circulation that has the ionization measurement of comparison.
Carry out igniting by circulation, be supplied to the ignition energy of firing chamber to supply with the interval that limits.Advantageously, ignition energy is that the time is controlled, i.e. ignition spark burning predetermined periods and then being interrupted.After the burning of ignition spark finishes, carry out measurement immediately by the ionization measurement circuit, to determine whether mixture is lighted.To this, ionization measurement value and ionization reference value compare, and determine and discern whether burn according to difference.If burn, then ionization is advantageously further measured, so that further follow the tracks of the burning of mixture and determine the parameter that other are relevant with burning, as detonation and λ value.If if mixture unburned or mixture are imperfect combustion, then igniting the and once more ignition energy that limits is supplied to the firing chamber again, this advantageously carries out with the time controlled way, makes the ignition spark predetermined periods of burning again.And be ionization measurement, so that determine whether mixture burns.The ignition cycle that has alternately ionization measurement is carried out always, is lighted or the burn cycle end up to mixture.Under these circumstances, spark plug is as igniting polar and measuring transducer.
In a kind of favourable configuration of the present invention, do not produce other ignition sparks in burning reliably after taking place, and the ionization in the firing chamber measured further, so that detect other engine parameters, for example detonation and λ value.If ionization has unallowed configuration and weak (collapse), perhaps compare the deviation of extinguishing too early that indication flame occurs with predetermined value, then once more the application point ignition voltage so that put burning mixt once more.
Therefore, for a burning mixt, institute's energy requirement is provided when needed, and checks to determine whether igniting takes place by ionization signal.In a kind of advantageous embodiments, firing duration is as the parameter of ignition energy and be controlled, and firing duration is minimized.For this reason, this process advantageously comprises determines how long first ignition spark must burn, so that realize igniting reliably under different engine conditions.This is by adaptive approach and advantageously realize in microprocessor.
In addition, this method and configuration can be used the spark coil with less work storage capacity, because first ignition spark is not designed at all ignition operations on the whole operating range of motor.In addition, advantageously after taking place, igniting just finishes ignition spark immediately, so that operate the signal that obtains fast about combustion mode, as λ value, detonation and retarded combustion by ionization measurement subsequently.For this reason, ionization signal is in the end further measured after the firing pulse.
According to a further aspect in the invention, for ionization signal is passed to analytic unit, utilize with conduction to be used to trigger the signal identical circuit of electronic power system to light firing pulse.Ionization signal links together by proper device and the trigger signal that is used to light a fire in igniting unit, and these two signals therefore can be by a circuit conduction.In the control ignition pulse and further handle in the unit of ionization signal, these signals separate and the processing that is separated from each other by proper device again.
The present invention relates to such thought: determine the current ionization signal pattern of measuring and various that store, as for the similarity between the ionization signal pattern of the characteristic of given operation point or engine parameter.Then, the value of engine parameter is calculated according to the relation of determined similarity degree.Therefore, not only determined one or several how much variablees of ionization signal pattern in the method, and estimated whole signal configures.
Others of the present invention are documented in the claims.
Followingly set forth embodiments of the invention and advantage in more detail with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic circuit according to first embodiment's engine control,
Fig. 2 show according to second embodiment be used to light a fire and the schematic circuit of the circuit of ionization measurement,
Fig. 3 show according to the 3rd embodiment be used to light a fire and the schematic circuit of the circuit of ionization measurement,
Fig. 4 shows the schematic circuit according to the 3rd embodiment's the circuit that is used for combustion ignition,
Fig. 5 shows the schematic circuit that is used to the circuit of lighting a fire in internal-combustion engine according to the 4th embodiment
Fig. 6 shows the circuit diagram according to the 5th embodiment's Motronic control maps unit,
Fig. 7 shows the circuit diagram according to the coupling device of Fig. 5 of the 7th embodiment,
Fig. 8 shows the circuit diagram according to the 8th embodiment's igniting unit,
Fig. 9 shows the sketch according to the 9th embodiment's plug connection,
Figure 10 shows according to the tenth embodiment's a plurality of spark plugs and the sketch of igniting distributor,
Figure 11 shows according to the 11 embodiment's a plurality of spark plugs and the sketch of igniting distributor.
Figure 12 shows according to the 12 embodiment's a plurality of spark plugs and the sketch of igniting distributor,
Figure 13 shows the sketch according to the structure of the 13 embodiment's plug connection,
Figure 14 shows the sketch according to the circuit of the 14 embodiment's the analysis that is used for the ionization signal configuration,
Figure 15 a shows the relative signal amplitude of reference curve and the ionization curve IO that measures,
Figure 15 b shows the ionization curve IO that measures and the relative scale of corresponding reference signal configuration,
Figure 16 a and 16b show the figure of the coherence of the figure of reference signal configuration and ionization signal and parameter, and
Figure 17 a and 17b show reference curve and the ionization signal that measures and the figure of dependence on parameter.
Fig. 1 show according to first embodiment be used to light a fire and the circuit diagram of the circuit of ionization measurement.At least one spark plug 2 is arranged in the firing chamber 1 of internal-combustion engine.
The ionization measurement circuit is by decoupling device 5,8 and spark coil 3 decouplings.During arcing (spark flash-over), flow through the initial firing current of spark plug by decoupling device 5,8 and to the measuring voltage storage device in the ionization measurement circuit 6,7 charging.After arcing finished, decoupling device 5,8 made ionization measurement circuit and the decoupling of igniting residual voltage, and this ionization measurement circuit comprises capacitor 7, rheostat 6, series resistors 9 and measuring resistor 10.
For this purpose, the ionization measurement circuit has at least one measuring voltage storage unit 6,7, and ionization measurement resistance 9,10 and spark plug 2, this spark plug are arranged in the firing chamber 1 and are used as ionization transducer.
Measuring voltage storage unit 6,7 advantageously comprises the parallel circuit of electrical energy storage device (particularly capacitor 7) and pressure limiting parts (particularly rheostat 6 or Zener diode).
In the stage that initial firing current is flowing, measuring voltage storage unit 6,7 is charged by initial firing current or is recharged, and charging voltage is stabilized to its threshold value by pressure limiting parts 6.
In combustion phase subsequently, the measuring voltage storage unit 6,7 that is recharged is applied to igniting polar 2 by measuring resistor combination 9,10.Can on measuring resistor 10, measure and be further processed with the proportional voltage drop of ionization current as ionization signal.
A kind of favourable configuration of measuring resistor combination 9,10 is that the series connection of resistance 9,10 is used to increase whole impedance, wherein advantageously measures ionization signal on the resistance 10 that is connected to circuit ground.
Ionization signal is further processed in analytic unit 11 subsequently.At this, ionization signal also can be carried out analysis aspect the variable relevant with burning.
Decoupling device will the light a fire influence and the decoupling of ionization measurement circuit of residual voltage, its mode is that the ionization measurement circuit is advantageously isolated by pressure limiting parts 5 with spark coil.In addition, also can will speed up the parts of igniting residual voltage decay and the secondary or primary side of spark coil is connected in parallel.This advantageously realizes by resistance 8.
Positive potential with on the primary side diode in series 4 choke point fire coil output terminals of spark coil do not having this positive potential can to occur under the situation of diode when primary voltage is applied to the elementary winding of spark coil 3, but this is undesirable.
First embodiment relates to a kind of circuit that is used for detecting at the combustion phase of the internal-combustion engine variable relevant with burning.Combustion phase triggers by the igniting polar that provides firing pulse.This circuit has the ionization measurement circuit, and this ionization measurement circuit has at least one measuring resistor 8,9.The ionization measurement circuit has measuring voltage storage unit 6,7.This storage unit is coupled to igniting polar 2 and by the spark coil decoupling of decoupling device and internal-combustion engine.
The measuring voltage storage unit has the parts (capacitor) and the pressure limiting parts (rheostat, Zener diode, spark gap or gas discharger (Gasableiter)) of storage of electrical energy.
First embodiment also relates to the method for a kind of detection variable relevant with burning in combustion process of the internal-combustion engine.Combustion process starts by firing pulse.The variable relevant with burning determined according to the ionization signal that influenced by flame.At ignition phase, in the measuring voltage storage unit, set up voltage potential by initial firing current.Voltage potential is applied to igniting polar by measuring resistor at least one measuring phases, in the time of wherein under ignition voltage drops to threshold value, ignition voltage makes measuring voltage storage unit or measuring resistor and measuring voltage decoupling.
Fig. 2 show according to second embodiment be used to light a fire and the schematic circuit of the circuit of ionization measurement.Fig. 2 shows terminal 111, and it will be lighted a fire and the ionization measurement circuit is connected to the electronic engine control system.Terminal 111a is connected to positive voltage and supplies with, and terminal 111c is connected to earth potential, and terminal 111b is connected to the guide line that is used for the firing pulse triggering.Ignition control unit 112 is connected to terminal 111 and is formed for the signal of driving power semiconductor 113, and power semiconductor is switched to the voltage supply by path 110 and the 109 elementary winding 101a with ignition transformer 101.When ignition control unit 112 again during rupturing duty semiconductor 113, induction produces ignition voltage on the secondary windings 101b of ignition transformer 101.
At least during firing pulse, ignition control unit 112 will switch on state by the electronic switch 114 that semiconductor forms, and make initial firing current can pass through this switch.Initial firing current charges by the decoupling parts 105 of forward diode form and to measuring voltage memory circuit 140, and this measuring voltage memory circuit is by voltage regulation part 103 and capacitor 104 in parallel formation.Measuring voltage memory circuit 140 is corresponding to first embodiment's measuring voltage storage unit 6,7.Initial firing current is further by igniting polar 102 (this igniting polar is arranged on a constituent element of the spark plug in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine) and flow back to the secondary windings of ignition transformer by grounding path 109 and electronic switch 114.After arcing on igniting polar 102 finishes and after initial firing current interrupts, ignition control unit 112 will switch to blocked state by the electronic switch 114 that semiconductor forms, the influence that the feasible dump energy that still remains in the ignition transformer 101 is operated ionization measurement subsequently is suppressed, and therefore makes igniting residual voltage and 130 decouplings of ionization measurement circuit.
Ionization measurement is performed in ionization measurement circuit 130, and the measuring voltage memory circuit 140 that is charged by firing pulse in this ionization measurement circuit is applied to igniting polar 102 by ionization measurement resistance 106 and 107 with measuring voltage.
At combustion phase, the inherent igniting polar 102 in firing chamber and plasma between the ground wire of firing chamber become conduction, and ionization current is mobile, and the voltage drop that this ionization current can be used as on resistance 106 and 107 is measured.In the ionization measurement stage, can on terminal 108, be measured with the proportional voltage of ionization current, and in igniting process, can on terminal 108, be measured with the proportional signal of ignition voltage.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic circuit according to the 3rd embodiment's igniting and ionization measurement circuit.But Fig. 3 especially shows the circuit diagram of the spark control with alternative.By the spark control system, the dump energy in the ignition transformer 101 can be discharged by the electric current heavy (sink) that is connected to ignition transformer 101 between burn period, makes and extinguishes ignition spark.Therefore, the ignition energy of qualification is supplied to the firing chamber 161 that is used for a burning mixt with the ignition spark firing duration that limits.In a kind of favourable configuration, two power semiconductors 120 and 114 are connected in the primary current path 121 of ignition transformer 101.
For energy being imported ignition transformer 101, power semiconductor 120 and 114 is all switched on state by ignition control unit, and in such state primary current also by being arranged on the diode 123 in the primary current path 121.Subsequently, in order to produce ignition voltage, power semiconductor 120 is switched to nonconducting state, and the secondary windings of ignition transformer is connected to reference potential by the power semiconductor 113 that is switched on state, and the ignition voltage of inducting is transferred to igniting polar 102 by ionization measurement circuit 130.In order to finish the ignition spark burning, power semiconductor 114 is switched to nonconducting state by ignition control unit 112, and power semiconductor 120 is switched on state.
The short circuit that diode 122 and power semiconductor 120 form the dump energy of ignition transformer 101.Then, non-conduction power semiconductor 114 makes ignition transformer 101 and 130 decouplings of ionization measurement circuit, and ionization measurement subsequently becomes very accurate.
In a kind of favourable configuration, by Iganition control system 112 driving power semiconductors 114 and 120 o'clock, cut off the obstruction of the time emergent power semiconductor 114 of the one section weak point of stage before power semiconductor 120 is opened at spark, the parasitic capacitance of power semiconductor 114 is by precharge under these circumstances.
Second relates to a kind of circuit that is used to detect the variable relevant with burning of internal-combustion engine with the 3rd embodiment.This circuit has the ionization measurement device, and this ionization measurement device has at least one ionization measurement resistance.Measuring memory circuit is coupling between the first terminal and igniting polar primary side, pilot ignition voltage of ignition transformer.Electronic switch is coupling between second terminal primary side and that reference potential is related of reference potential and ignition transformer.
Another decoupling device can be coupling between the first terminal and ionization measurement circuit of primary side of ignition transformer.The decoupling device can have diode, Zener diode and/or rheostat.
Fig. 4 shows the frame circuit diagram according to the 4th embodiment's the device that is used for ignition.In order to trigger igniting, the igniting trigger request is coupled to the device 205 that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage by the signaling line 212 that is used to trigger igniting.By signaling line 213, the device 205 that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage provides control signal, is used for changing the semiconductor switch 207 at device 204, to produce ignition voltage.When semiconductor switch 207 was connected, ignition voltage supply 208 was connected to the elementary winding 206a of ignition transformer 206.When semiconductor switch 207 (suspension control signal control) when cutting off again, induction produces ignition voltage in the secondary windings 206b of ignition transformer 206.This ignition voltage turns to spark plug 201 by ionization detector 202 and by terminal 209, arcing occurs for the mixture in the ignition combustion chamber there.After arcing finished, ionization detector 202 was measured in the firing chamber ionization that the formation owing to flame takes place.Measurement signal turns to the analytic unit 203 of ionization measurement value by circuit 210.At this, this device estimates whether the mixture in the firing chamber is lighted a fire.The basis of estimating is arcing measured ionization signal and comparison of ionization reference value after finishing on spark plug 201.Estimate that the result who handles is delivered to the device 205 that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage by circuit 211.If mixture is not lighted, then in identical work cycle, trigger other igniting by the device 205 that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage.If mixture is lighted, the device 205 that then is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage in identical work cycle does not trigger other igniting.
The 4th embodiment relates to a kind of device that is used for lighting at internal-combustion engine combustion process.This device has the spark plug that is used for the ignition combustion process, and this spark plug is used as the sensor of the ionization that is caused by burning.The ionization measurement circuit is provided for the measurement of the ionization in the firing chamber, and has the analytic unit of ionization value, and the device that is used to produce ignition voltage.The device that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage is connected to the ionization analytic unit, and comes the configuration of point of adjustment ignition voltage according to the ionization value.
Fig. 5 shows and is used to light a fire and generate the frame circuit diagram of the device of ionization signal according to the 5th embodiment.This device has spark coil 301, ionization detector 304, electronic power igniting unit 305, coupling device 306 and diode 308.This device further is connected to spark plug 302 by connecting line 303.This device also has attachment plug 307, and this attachment plug has three utmost point 307a, 307b, 307c.
When the engine management system transmission was used to trigger the trigger impulse of igniting, this trigger impulse was coupled device 306 and passes to electronic power system 305 by igniting triggering line 310.Because ionization detector 304 connects the undesirable signal change that causes by ionization measurement line 311 and can not occur.If ionization detector 304 detects ionization current and ionization measurement voltage is passed to coupling device 306 by ionization measurement line 311, this coupling device 306 must be passed to igniting/ionizing radiation 312 with this voltage.Because electronic power system 305 connects the undesirable signal change that causes by igniting triggering line 310 and can not occur.
Fig. 6 shows the skeleton diagram according to the electronic engine control system of the 6th embodiment's internal-combustion engine.This electronic engine control unit has ionization analytic unit 321, igniting management unit 322, second coupling device 320, attachment plug 323 and voltage and supplies with 329.
By the linking route between ignition mechanism and the electronic engine system, the attachment plug 323 of electronic engine system 327 is connected to the attachment plug 307 of igniting/ionization module 309, and the terminal that has the same letter index is electrically connected.Voltage supply 329 also provides voltage to igniting unit 309 by circuit 327 and 328 thus to attachment plug 323.
Igniting/the ionizing radiation 324 of electronic engine system 327 is connected to the coupling device 320 of electronic engine system.The coupling device 320 of electronic engine system further is connected to igniting management system 322 by connecting line 326, and is connected to ionization analytical system 321 by connecting line 325.
For the purpose of lighting a fire, the coupling device 320 of the electronic engine system firing pulse that generates in the management system 322 of will lighting a fire is passed to attachment plug end 323b and is therefore passed to igniting unit 309.The ionization measurement voltage that is applied to attachment plug end 323b from igniting unit is passed to ionization analytical system 321 from the coupling device of electronic engine system 320 by circuit 325.
Fig. 7 shows the frame circuit diagram according to the 7th embodiment's second coupling device as shown in Figure 5.This coupling device has first piezoresistance 330, second piezoresistance 331, first resistance 332, second resistance 333 and the 3rd resistance 334.
The shown circuit that is connected to coupling device is corresponding to the circuit shown in Fig. 5.Coupling device 306 itself comprises first path that is used to transmit the igniting trigger impulse, and first path comprises first piezoresistance 330 and is connected to first resistance 332 on ground.Coupling device 306 also comprises second path that is used to transmit ionization signal, the piezoresistance 331 that second path comprises second resistance 333 and the 3rd resistance 334 and is connected to ground.
Two Path selection ground is to partly being conducting for their preparatives, and these two paths are blocked or can not influenced nocuously and are not to be they preparative parts.Under the situation that igniting triggers, resistance 333 prevent to light a fire undesirable decay of trigger impulse, however this resistance can allow the threshold voltage of piezoresistance 330 pass through, and is used for triggering igniting.Yet under the situation of ionization measurement, the threshold voltage of piezoresistance 330 prevents undesirable decay of ionization measurement voltage, and promptly this threshold voltage can make up 333 and 334 by resistance.
Fig. 8 shows the circuit diagram according to the 8th embodiment's igniting unit.In this respect, the structure of the igniting unit among Fig. 8 is corresponding to the structure of the igniting unit of Fig. 5.In Fig. 8, at length show ionization detector 304, coupling device 306 and electronic power igniting unit 305.First coupling device 306 has first resistance 361 and second resistance 364.Coupling device 306 also has first diode 362 and second diode 363.Electronic power igniting unit 305 has diode 352 and transistor 351.Ionization detector 304 has first resistance 343 and second resistance 344, capacitor 342 and first piezoresistance 340 and second piezoresistance 341, and wherein the measuring voltage storage unit forms (being similar to the measuring voltage storage unit shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3) by capacitor 342 and piezoresistance 341.
Coupling device comprises parts 361,362,363 and 364.The electronic power system comprises parts 351 and 352.Ionization detector comprises parts 340,341,342,343 and 344.
Five, six, seven and eight embodiments relate to a kind of ignition mechanism that is used for internal-combustion engine.Ignition mechanism has the spark coil that is used for light up plug, be used for according to from the igniting unit of the igniting of the outside igniting trigger circuit booster coil of outer control unit, be used to detect at the ionization signal aspect the burning and be used to export ionization detector with the proportional ionization measurement signal of ionization signal.Ionizer also has the coupling device that is used for optionally ionization measurement signal and igniting trigger signal being coupled to igniting/ionizing radiation, and this igniting/ionizing radiation is connected to the outer control unit with ignition mechanism.
Fig. 9 shows the sketch according to the 9th embodiment's plug connection.This figure especially shows ionization measurement circuit integrated in the plug connection of internal-combustion engine.
Measuring resistor 402, capacitor 403, decoupling parts 404 and voltage regulation part 405 (rheostat) are arranged in the plug connection 401.Plug connection is arranged in the metallic plug housing 406, the shielding of doing electromagnetic interference of this metallic plug housing.Capacitor 403 and voltage regulation part 405 form the measuring voltage storage unit, as described in the embodiment in front.The circuit with measuring resistor 402, capacitor 403, decoupling parts 404 and voltage regulation part 405 shown in Fig. 9 corresponds essentially to the ionization measurement circuit shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 8.
The unshowned spark coil generation order of magnitude for example is the ignition voltage of 10-25KV among Fig. 9.By terminal 408, initial firing current is by decoupling parts 404, the form of the diode that these decoupling parts are forward and to the measuring voltage circuit charging of parallel connection, this measuring voltage circuit is formed by voltage regulation part 405 and capacitor 403.After arcing finished, decoupling device 404 made ionization measurement circuit and the spark coil decoupling and the interference effect of residual voltage to ionization measurement that prevent to light a fire.Combustion phase after spark burnouts, the measuring voltage storage unit that is recharged 403,405 are used to igniting polar 407 by measuring resistor 402.Can be used as ionization signal with the proportional voltage drop of ionization current and on measuring resistor 402, measured, and be used for further processing by circuit 409 transmission.
Figure 10 shows according to the tenth embodiment's a plurality of spark plugs and the sketch of an igniting distributor.Especially show measuring voltage storage unit 1407, ionization measurement device 1408 and the decoupling parts 1405 integrated possibility in igniting distributor 1401 at this.Can be corresponding to according to one measuring voltage storage unit, ionization measurement device and decoupling parts among the embodiment 1 to 9 according to the tenth embodiment's measuring voltage storage device and ionization measurement device and decoupling parts.
Figure 11 shows according to the 11 embodiment's a plurality of spark plugs and the sketch of an igniting distributor.Under these circumstances, measuring voltage storage unit 1407 is integrated in the igniting distributor 1401.Decoupling parts 1405 are coupled to switch.Each spark plug all has been assigned with a measuring voltage storage unit 1407.
Figure 12 shows according to a plurality of spark plugs 1407 of the 12 embodiment's internal-combustion engine and the sketch of an igniting distributor 1401.Especially show multicylinder engine at this, wherein measure detection device 1408 and be integrated in the igniting distributor 1401, and measurement voltage source 1407 is integrated in the plug connection with igniting distributor 1401.This figure especially shows measuring voltage storage unit 1407 integrated in spark plug, and ionization measurement device and decoupling device are set in the igniting distributor 1401.
Figure 13 shows the sketch of explanation according to the structure of the 13 embodiment's plug connection.This figure especially shows measurement voltage source is integrated in favourable design proposal in plug connection or the spark plug.Tubular condenser 2400 is as energy storing device.The rheostat 2403 that axially is arranged in the tubular condenser keeps measuring voltage constant at combustion phase.
Metal Contact device 2401 and 2402 is used separately as the mechanical receiving means of energy storing device, and forms tubular condenser-VDR parallel circuit.
Capacitor plate 2405 and 2406 is arranged on the inboard and the outer periphery of pipe.Capacitor plate is electrically connected by rotational symmetric metal receiving means 2401 and 2402.Capacitor plate is isolated mutually by electric insulation layer 2404.Intermediate space 2407 can be filled with the ceramic casting material.Shell 2408 is by the electrically insulating material manufacturing.This structure can be arranged in the ceramics insulator of spark plug.
Though spark coil has been described as the ignition voltage generating apparatus in the above-described embodiments, the ignition voltage generating apparatus also can otherwise be implemented.For this purpose, desired is a kind of device that can produce high pressure suitably.The ignition voltage generating apparatus is used to generate ignition voltage.This for example can realize by piezoelectric actuator.
Circuit shown in Fig. 1 to 3 can be implemented in plug connection, spark plug or igniting distributor device.Circuit shown in Fig. 4,5,6,7 and 8 for example can be implemented in spark plug and/or igniting distributor device.
Figure 14 shows the sketch of circuit that is used to analyze ionization signal configuration according to the 14 embodiment.Under these circumstances, this circuit can use with the first to the 12 embodiment's circuit.Scheme as an alternative, this circuit also can use independently.Sensor 801 is arranged in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine.This sensor can advantageously be embodied as spark plug or be embodied as conductive pin or the like in the firing chamber of diesel engine in the situation of four stroke spark ignition motor.
Measurement signal is exaggerated and can be eliminated undesirable signal component (residual voltage of for example lighting a fire) in measuring amplifier 802.In addition, also can carry out the average of a last n ionization signal at this, average under these circumstances signal configures is transmitted.Under these circumstances, form corresponding mean value according to the value relevant with identical reference.This reference can be illustrated in igniting finish after institute's elapsed time, perhaps crankangle perhaps is subjected to the variable of crankangle and time effects.
In measuring amplifier 802, the diverse ways that on average can utilize of a plurality of ionization signal configurations is realized.Last n ionization signal configuration is intactly stored, and newly arrives when disposing the oldest in storage device one and just is wiped free of each.All ionization values in the storage device are average with respect to the identical some quilt on the x axle.Therefore, this provides average signal configures, and wherein each is single, and to be configured to onesize ratio involved.
Scheme is utilized the average ionization configuration in storage device as an alternative, can calculate current ionization configuration, makes current configuration that a certain degree is arrived in the average ionization config update in storage device.The relation of the current configuration in the average ionization configuration in storage device provides mean depth (averaging depth).
Mean depth can be adapted to the dynamics of engine working point.If motor under the working state of quite stable, then can increase mean depth.Yet, if motor under the working state of rather unstable, can reduce mean depth.
Storing respectively in reference signal storage unit 803a, 803b, 803c will the corresponding value with reference to ionization configuration and engine parameter related with given engine parameter value.The quantity of reference signal storage unit depends on the desirable analysis precision level of engine parameter to be analyzed and the desirable distance of transverse sensitivity (cross-sensitivity) and other engine parameter.
If the value representation air ratio to be analyzed of engine parameter then for example is stored among the storage unit 803a from signal configures and as the numeral 0.7 of parameter value the typical electrical of air ratio lambda=0.7.Correspondingly, the typical electrical of air ratio lambda=1.0 is stored in the storage unit (803b) from signal configures, and this parameter value is corresponding to several 1.0.The typical electrical of air ratio lambda=1.5 is stored among the storage unit 803c from signal configures, and this parameter value is corresponding to several 1.5.
The signal configures of reference signal storage unit 803a-803c must be relevant with the reference identical with ionization signal configuration to be measured.This reference can be an elapsed time after igniting finishes, perhaps crankangle, or be subjected to the variable of crankangle and time effects.Signal configures can be plotted as function to the time, to the function of crankangle or to the function of the variable that is subjected to crankangle and time effects.
The generation of reference signal configuration is described below.
Reference signal configuration is worked in the reference work pattern by motor and is generated, and is the parameter value of desirable value from level in this reference work pattern.Then, related (on average) ionization signal configuration is recorded.Another reference signal configuration is worked in another reference work pattern by transmitter and is generated.In this pattern, be the parameter value that is different from the desirable value of first value from level, and then related (on average) ionization signal configuration of record.The ionization signal configuration relevant with parameter value of being write down can be processed, makes the feature difference in the signal configures is amplified.Signal configures can be further processed about suppressing undesirable parameter influence.
Correlation unit 804a, 804b, 804c are by current ionization configuration (perhaps respectively by last n average electrical that disposes from disposing) and also be supplied by each related reference signal storage unit.Correlation unit 804a-804c calculates the degree of consistency between the current ionization configuration reference signal configuration related with each.This can be by determining the configuration of current accordingly (on average) ionization signal the degree of consistency of each value and the value of the reference signal configuration that belongs to same reference (the igniting end is elapsed time or crankangle afterwards) realize.Relatively all values is all carried out like this, and the mean value of the formation degree of consistency.
A kind of possible method of calculating the degree of consistency is as described below.
In first step, the configuration of ionization signal IO is multiplied each other with the reference configuration RefA that is stored, RefB pointwise, and wherein these values multiply each other each other about identical reference (igniting finishes elapsed time or crankangle afterwards).Determine all multiplying sums.In second step, reference curve and itself pointwise are multiplied each other, and from these multiplyings form other and.In third step, the multiplying sum of using ionization signal and reference configuration is divided by reference configuration and the multiplying sum of itself, and its result represents the relative uniformity degree of corresponding correlation unit.
Below table 1 exemplarily represent some values of reference signal configuration RefA, RefB and some points of measured ionization curve IO.In addition, also show the intermediate object program of said method, i.e. the product of the ionization signal and first reference signal, the i.e. product of the IO * RefA, and ionization signal and second reference signal, i.e. IO * RefB.Also show the first reference configuration RefA and the sum of products of itself second reference signal RefB and the product of itself.
Table 1
| The point | RefA | RefB | IO | IO*RefA | IO*RefB | RefA* RefA | RefB* |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.024 | 0.012 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
| 3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.24 | 0.096 | 0.048 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| 4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.36 | 0.216 | 0.108 | 0.36 | 0.09 |
| 5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.48 | 0.384 | 0.192 | 0.64 | 0.16 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.72 | 0.576 | 0.432 | 0.64 | 0.36 |
| 8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.36 | 0.3 | 0.36 | 0.25 |
| 9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.48 | 0.192 | 0.192 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| 10 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.36 | 0.216 | 0.108 | 0.36 | 0.09 |
| 11 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.24 | 0.096 | 0.048 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| 12 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.36 | 0.072 | 0.108 | 0.04 | 0.09 |
| 13 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.24 | 0 | 0.096 | 0 | 0.16 |
| 14 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.25 |
| 15 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.25 |
| 16 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.16 |
| 17 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.09 |
| 18 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.04 |
| 19 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 |
| 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| The IO*RefA sum | The IO*RefB sum | The RefA*RefA sum | The SumRefB*RefB sum |
| 2.832 | 2.004 | 3.92 | 2.5 |
| (IO*RefA sum)/(Ref A*RefA) | (IO*RefB sum)/(RefB*RefB) |
| 0.72244898 | 0.8016 |
| The ratio of RefA | The ratio of RefB |
| 0.474032652 | 0.525967348 |
Table 1 shows reference signal configuration, and wherein association can realize by time or crankangle.In addition, this table also show reference signal configuration A with reference to (time, crankangle) related value RefA, reference signal configuration B with dispose with reference to (time, crankangle) related value RefB and ionization signal with reference (time, crankangle) related value IO.The table below show table 1 last four row branches other and.Illustrate subsequently: the sum of products of ionization signal and reference configuration more particularly, is at two reference configuration divided by the reference configuration and the sum of products of itself.At last, the degree of consistency is standardized as and " 1 ".
Figure 15 a shows the relative signal amplitude at reference curve RefA, the RefB of 20 measuring points and measured ionization curve IO.Figure 15 b shows the relative scale of measured ionization curve IO to each reference signal configuration RefA, RefB.Under the situation shown in the table 1, ionization signal has 47% ratio about reference signal configuration RefA, and has 52% ratio about reference signal configuration RefB.
Reference signal configuration RefA is corresponding to parameter value λ=1, and reference signal configuration RefB is corresponding to parameter value λ=1.5.Therefore, for measured ionization curve, obtained 1.24 λ value.Value 0 on the X-axis among Figure 15 b is corresponding to λ value 0.Value 100 on the X-axis is corresponding to λ value 1.5.Therefore, determined about 48 value is corresponding to λ value 1.24.
The another kind of favourable possible method that is used to calculate the degree of consistency is described below.
In first step, the value of the configuration of ionization signal multiplies each other with the value pointwise with respect to the reference signal of same reference (igniting finish after elapsed time or crankangle).From the result, ask for root mean square, and then form all roots and.In second step, form reference configuration had a few and.In third step, constitute by the root mean square of the product of ionization signal and reference configuration and by divided by the point of reference configuration and, consequently from the relative uniformity degree of corresponding correlation unit.
Another kind possibility the method for calculating the degree of consistency is that each value of each current (on average) ionization signal configuration and the relative uniformity of the value that belongs to same reference (light a fire end elapsed time or crankangle afterwards) of reference signal configuration (1 represent in full accord) are determined in pointwise, and these values are asked average.
In associative cell 805a, 805b, 805c, 805d, related by the degree of consistency that each correlation unit 804a, 804b, 804c calculate with the relevant parameter value that comes self-generated reference signal storage unit 803a, 803b, 803c, and calculate according to the situation of the degree of consistency of parameter value.
The another kind possibility method of the parameter value that is used to calculate ionization signal is described below.
In first step, multiply by the relevant parameter value of self-generated reference signal storage unit 803x from each degree of consistency of piece 804x, and form subsequently multiplying and.In second step, form from the degree of consistency of piece 804x and.In third step, from the multiplying of step 1 and by divided by from the conforming of step 2 and.In the 4th step, the result of step 3 is related with parameter value to be determined by correlation function.Correlation function is designed like this, makes the influence of the related quality overlapping by reference signal configuration is compensated.
The another kind of favourable possible method of the parameter value that calculates ionization signal is described below.
In first step, multiply each other with identical factor from all degrees of consistency of correlation unit 804x, make after the multiplying degree of consistency and equal one.In second step, be passed to contingency table by the standardized degree of consistency in the step 1, for from each of corresponding correlation unit 804x by the standardized degree of consistency, this table comprises related with a parameter value.In third step, form the mean value of relevant parameter value, and be output as parameter value.Contingency table can design by the experience measurement on the Engine Block Test platform under the situation that changes relevant parameter, perhaps designs by mathematics-geometry calculation operations.
The selection possible according to another kind can be set up n dimension matrix by relative dependence and related parameter value, and be determined parameter value by interpolation.Further circulation on the parameter value of Que Dinging n the work cycle that can be fed at internal-combustion engine is average by this way.If estimate a plurality of different engine parameters, then implement the group of estimation coupling of other and the corresponding engine parameter of piece 803x, 804x and 805x.
Following table 2 shows another example of another ionization curve that measures, and wherein the ionization curve according to table 2 has and the configuration identical according to the ionization curve of table 1, and just amplitude is half.The configuration of reference signal RefA and RefB is corresponding to the configuration shown in the table 1.
Table 2
| The point | RefA | RefB | IO | IO*RefA | IO*RefB | RefA* RefA | RefB* |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
| 3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.12 | 0.048 | 0.024 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| 4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.18 | 0.108 | 0.054 | 0.36 | 0.09 |
| 5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.24 | 0.192 | 0.096 | 0.64 | 0.16 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.15 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.36 | 0.288 | 0.216 | 0.64 | 0.36 |
| 8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.36 | 0.25 |
| 9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.24 | 0.096 | 0.096 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| 10 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.18 | 0.108 | 0.054 | 0.36 | 0.09 |
| 11 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.12 | 0.048 | 0.024 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| 12 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.18 | 0.036 | 0.054 | 0.04 | 0.09 |
| 13 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.048 | 0 | 0.16 |
| 14 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.25 |
| 15 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.25 |
| 16 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.16 |
| 17 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.09 |
| 18 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.04 |
| 19 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 |
| 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| The IO*RefA sum | The IO*RefB sum | The RefA*RefA sum | The SumRefB*RefB sum |
| 1.416 | 1.002 | 3.92 | 2.5 |
| (IO*RefA sum)/(RefA*RefA) | (IO*RefB sum)/(RefB*RefB) |
| 0.36122449 | 0.4008 |
| The ratio of RefA | The ratio of RefB |
| 0.474032652 | 0.525967348 |
Figure 16 a shows the figure of reference signal configuration and ionization signal and the related figure of characterising parameter with 16b.The configuration of reference curve RefA and RefB is corresponding to the configuration of the curve shown in Figure 15 a.From table 2 and Figure 16 b as can be seen, according to related corresponding to according to table 1 and Figure 15 a and 15b of the λ value (is 1.24 at this) of table 2 and Figure 16 a and 16b related.Therefore, we can say that the said method that is used for definite relevant parameter especially depends on the configuration of ionization curve, and the less amplitude that depends on ionization curve.
Table 3 shows about reference signal configuration RefA, RefB and about some measured values of other ionization signal that measures configuration IO.Reference signal configuration RefA, Refb are corresponding to the reference signal configuration in table 1 and 2.Measured reference signal configuration IO partly exceeds the scope of reference signal configuration RefA, RefB.
Table 3
| The point | RefA | RefB | IO | IO*RefA | IO*RefB | RefA* RefA | RefB* |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.075 | 0.015 | 0.0075 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
| 3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| 4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.225 | 0.135 | 0.0675 | 0.36 | 0.09 |
| 5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.64 | 0.16 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.375 | 0.375 | 0.1875 | 1 | 0.25 |
| 7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.64 | 0.36 |
| 8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.525 | 0.315 | 0.2625 | 0.36 | 0.25 |
| 9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| 10 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.525 | 0.315 | 0.1575 | 0.36 | 0.09 |
| 11 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.45 | 0.18 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| 12 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.375 | 0.075 | 0.1125 | 0.04 | 0.09 |
| 13 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.12 | 0 | 0.16 |
| 14 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.225 | 0 | 0.1125 | 0 | 0.25 |
| 15 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.25 |
| 16 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.375 | 0 | 0.15 | 0 | 0.16 |
| 17 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.45 | 0 | 0.135 | 0 | 0.09 |
| 18 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.525 | 0 | 0.105 | 0 | 0.04 |
| 19 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.45 | 0 | 0.045 | 0 | 0.01 |
| 20 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| The IO*RefA sum | The IO*RefB sum | RefA* RefA sum | RefB* RefB sum |
| 2.31 | 2.3625 | 3.92 | 2.5 |
| (IO*RefA sum)/(Ref A*RefA) | (IO*Ref B sum)/(RefB*RefB) |
| 0.589285714 | 0.945 |
| The ratio of RefA | The ratio of Ref B |
| 0.384078212 | 0.615921788 |
Figure 17 a shows the related of the figure of reference curve and measured ionization signal and parameter.
The advantage of said method is, only the form of signal configures is important, and irrelevant with the absolute signal size, and the absolute signal size for example can for example the different additive in the fuel, the contamination of electrode etc. change owing to interference parameter.
When table 1 in 2 measured ionization configuration can be similar to five equilibrium ground dispose RefA with the institute stored reference signal, when RefB is related, therefore table 3, Figure 17 a show measured ionization configuration IO, and this ionization is configured in outside institute stored reference signal configuration RefA, the RefB.Such processing also can utilize said method analysis, though measured ionization signal is partly outside institute stored reference signal configuration RefA, RefB.
By said method, in calculating, less consider some points from measured ionization curve reference signal configuration far away.
Figure 18 shows the frame circuit diagram of the circuit of the ionization signal that is used to detect difference cylinder.Be provided with measuring transducer 901a, 901b (for example spark plug) in each cylinder, it produces ionization signal and they is passed to detection unit 902a, 902b.Detection unit 902a, 902b are coupled to corresponding coupling unit 903a, 903b respectively.Coupling unit 903a, 903b link to each other with engine control system 907 by ionization signal transmission line 906 respectively.The output terminal of coupling unit 903a, 903b is coupled to signal ground by terminal resistance 904a, 904b respectively.
Based on the knowledge that occurs to time migration ionization signal in multicylinder engine usually, the signal of a plurality of cylinders can be combined and be used for analyzing, and is coupled to the ionization signal transmission line and exports to engine control system by coupling unit.
When in the ionization value on the output terminal of detection unit 902a, 902b aspect its amplitude during greater than the value on common transmission line 906, coupling device 903a, 903b are outputted to common transmission line 906 with ionization signal detection unit 902a, 902b's.Therefore, coupling unit 903a, 903b are with the momentary value of the output value of detection unit 902a, 902b and common transmission line 906 relatively.
Scheme as an alternative, in the time period of the qualification in respective cylinder igniting end a period of time afterwards or after igniting finishes, promptly supposing in the time that estimable ionization signal occurs the ionization signal transmission line 906 that coupling unit 903a, 903b are common with being outputted to of detection unit 902a, 902b.
Preferably, be separately positioned on (for example in excellent type spark coil) among identical housing 905a, the 905b with related detection unit 902a, 902b and coupling unit 903a, the 903b of respective cylinder.In addition, perhaps replacedly, all coupling units that are connected to common ionization signal transmission line 906 can be arranged in the common housing.
Claims (48)
1. one kind is used for detecting at the combustion phase of internal-combustion engine, especially four stroke engine and the circuit of the relevant variable that burns, and wherein said combustion phase triggers by the igniting polar (2) that provides firing pulse, and described circuit comprises:
The ionization measurement circuit, it has at least one measuring resistor (9,10),
It is characterized in that, described ionization measurement circuit has at least one measuring voltage storage unit (6,7), described measuring voltage storage unit is coupled to described igniting polar (2), and by ignition voltage generating apparatus, especially spark coil (3) decoupling of decoupling device (5) with described internal-combustion engine.
2. circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described measuring voltage storage unit (6,7) comprise electrical energy storage means (7), especially capacitor, and comprise pressure limiting parts (6), especially rheostat, Zener diode, spark gap or gas discharger.
3. one or multinomial described circuit in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that described measuring resistor (9,10) is the series circuit form of resistance (9,10).
4. each the described circuit in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that described decoupling device (5,6) comprises the pressure limiting parts, especially rheostat, Zener diode, spark gap and/or gas discharger.
5. according to each the described circuit in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described decoupling device has resistance (8), it is in parallel with described spark coil (3), the decline process of the described spark coil (3) that is used to decay.
6. one kind especially according to each described circuit that is used to detect the variable relevant with burning of internal-combustion engine in the claim 1 to 5, has ionization measurement device and at least one ionization measurement resistance, it is characterized in that,
Measuring voltage memory circuit (140) is connected between the first ignition voltage guide terminal (101c) and igniting polar (102) of primary side (101b) of ignition transformer (101), and electronic switch (114) is connected between second terminal (101d) related with reference potential (109) of primary side (101b) of reference potential (109) and described ignition transformer (101).
7. circuit according to claim 6 is characterized in that, another decoupling device (105) is connected between the ignition voltage guide terminal (101c) and igniting measuring circuit (130) of primary side (101b) of described ignition transformer (101).
8. circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described decoupling device (105) has diode, Zener diode and/or rheostat.
9. according to each described circuit in the claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that described measuring voltage memory circuit (140) comprises the parallel circuit of voltage regulation part (103) and store voltages parts (104).
10. according to each described circuit in the claim 6 to 9, it is characterized in that electronic switch (114) is coupled to the current path (121) of the primary circuit of described ignition transformer (101) by coupling unit (123).
11. according to each described circuit in the claim 6 to 10, it is characterized in that the coupling element (124) that is used to compensate purpose is connected between terminal primary side (101b), related with described reference potential (109) (101d) and ionization measurement output terminal (108) of described ignition transformer (101).
12. circuit according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described coupling element (124) is resistance, the combination of resistance device or amplifier stage.
13. a combustion phase combustion process and the method relevant variable that burns that is used for detecting at internal-combustion engine may further comprise the steps:
Start each combustion process by firing pulse,
Determine the variable relevant according to the ionization signal that influenced by flame with burning,
In measuring voltage storage unit (6,7), set up voltage potential by initial firing current at ignition phase, and
In at least one measuring phases, voltage potential is applied to igniting polar (2) by measuring resistor (10), wherein when ignition voltage is brought down below threshold voltage, ignition voltage and described measuring voltage storage unit (6,7) or about measuring resistor (9, the 10) decoupling of measuring voltage.
14. method according to claim 13, described method comprise the steps: with the proportional voltage of described ionization signal in described resistance on measure and pass to analytic unit (11).
15. one kind especially according to each described, as to be used for detecting by the igniting polar that is supplied with firing pulse combustion phase with the relevant variable that burns of the internal-combustion engine method in the claim 13 and 14, wherein, has the ionization measurement circuit, and has the measuring voltage that after igniting, is applied at least on the described igniting polar for ionization measurement, it is characterized in that
Described ionization measurement circuit (130) is connected between the ignition voltage guide terminal (101c) and described igniting polar (102) of primary side (101b) of described ignition transformer (101), and
Between the terminal (101d) primary side (101b) and that described reference potential (109) is related of described reference potential (109) and described ignition transformer (101), be connected with electronic switch (114), it is switched on state by control unit (112) during described firing pulse, be used to allow described ionization signal pass through, and in the described ionization measurement stage, be switched to not on-state at least.
16. method according to claim 15, described method comprises the steps: at least at the firing pulse disengagement phase, described control unit (112) switches to not on-state with described electronic switch (114), wherein electronic control system is provided with the device (120,122) that the low-impedance load that is used for the elementary winding (101a) by described ignition transformer (101) cuts off described firing pulse.
17. method according to claim 16, described method comprise the steps: that described control unit (112) switches to described not on-state with described electronic switch (114) before soon in that described firing pulse is cut.
18. an ignition transformer comprises that especially described circuit comprises ionization measurement device and at least one ionization measurement resistance according to each is described in the claim 1 to 12, be used to detect the circuit of the variable relevant with burning of internal-combustion engine, it is characterized in that,
Described measuring voltage storage unit (140) is connected between the ignition voltage guide terminal (101c) and described igniting polar (102) of primary side (101b) of described ignition transformer (101), and electronic switch (114) be connected reference potential (109) and described ignition transformer (101) primary side (101b), and the related terminal (101d) of described reference potential (109) between.
19. the device of the igniting of a combustion process that is used for internal-combustion engine, comprise the spark plug that is used for ignition combustion, and described spark plug is as the sensor of the ionization that is caused by burning, described device have the ionization that is used to measure in the firing chamber the ionization measurement circuit, be used for the analytic unit of ionization measurement value and be used to generate the device of ignition voltage, it is characterized in that
The device (205) that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage is connected to ionization analytic unit (203), and the configuration of described ignition voltage is controlled or regulated according to the ionization measurement value of at least a portion of at least one burn cycle.
20. device according to claim 19, it is characterized in that, the described device (204) that is used to generate ignition voltage comprising: at least one has the ignition transformer (206) of elementary winding (206a) and secondary windings (206b), be connected to the semiconductor switch (207) of described elementary winding (206a), with service voltage source (208), wherein said semiconductor switch (207) is driven by the device (205) that is used to control described ignition voltage configuration, and service voltage source (208) is connected to the elementary winding (206a) of described ignition transformer (206).
21. device according to claim 19 is characterized in that, the analytic unit (203) of ionization configuration is connected to described ionization measurement circuit (202), and analyzes described ionization measurement value according to mixture lighting in the firing chamber.
22. a burn cycle that is used in internal-combustion engine is lighted the method for fuel-air mixture, described method may further comprise the steps at least: produce first firing pulse, then carry out the ionization measurement operation, the ionization signal and the ionization reference value that measure are compared, and according to more not triggering firing pulse or triggering at least one another firing pulse.
23. method according to claim 22 is characterized in that, if as the result of described comparison, detect lighting of mixture, then no longer produces other firing pulses.
24., it is characterized in that if in the parameterized time lag after ignition voltage pulse finishes, the ionization measurement value surpasses parameterized value, then detects lighting of described mixture according to claim 22 and/or 23 described methods.
25. method according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described first firing pulse is controlled according to the operation point of described internal-combustion engine.
26., it is characterized in that the ignition voltage configuration is controlled or regulated according to the ionization measurement value of described current burn cycle according to one in the claim 22 to 25 or multinomial described method.
27. according to one in the claim 22 to 26 or multinomial described method, it is characterized in that, ignition voltage configuration according at least one the preceding the ionization measurement value of burn cycle realize.
28. according to one in the claim 22 to 27 or multinomial described method, it is characterized in that, ignition voltage configuration according to current and the preceding the ionization measurement value of burn cycle control or regulate.
29. according to one in the aforementioned claim or multinomial described method and apparatus, it is characterized in that, be used for control ignition voltage be configured to finish the to light a fire unit drives semiconductor switch of the firing pulse on the Secondary winding of transformer, make the service voltage source be connected to the elementary winding of described ignition transformer.
30. an ignition coil unit comprises elementary winding and secondary windings, generates the igniting that high voltage is used for mixture in described secondary windings, it is characterized in that,
Ionization measurement circuit (202) is integrated in the described ignition coil unit, described ionization measurement circuit (202) is connected to the device (205) that is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage by the analytic unit (203) of ionization measurement value, and the configuration of described ignition voltage is controlled or regulated according to the ionization measurement value of at least a portion of at least one burn cycle.
31. ignition coil unit according to claim 30 comprises according to each described ignition mechanism in the claim 19 to 21.
32., it is characterized in that the analytic unit of described ionization measurement value (203) is integrated in the ignition coil unit according to claim 30 or the described ignition coil unit of claim 31.
33., it is characterized in that the device (205) that is used for controlling described ignition voltage configuration is integrated into ignition coil unit according to claim 30,31 or 32 described ignition coil units.
34. according to claim 30,31,32 or 33 described ignition coil units, it is characterized in that, semiconductor switch (207) is integrated in the described ignition coil unit, and described semiconductor switch (207) switches to service voltage according to the analytic signal of the analytic unit (203) of ionization measurement value with the elementary winding (206a) of ignition transformer (206).
35. the igniting of a combustion process that is used for internal-combustion engine and be used to detect the engine control system of ionization signal, comprise the ionization measurement that is used in the firing chamber ionization measurement circuit (202), ionization measurement value analytic unit and be used to generate the device (204) of ignition voltage, the device (205) that wherein is used for the configuration of control ignition voltage is connected to ionization analytic unit (203), and the configuration of described ignition voltage is controlled or regulated according to the ionization measurement value of at least a portion of at least one burn cycle.
36. the ignition mechanism of an internal-combustion engine comprises:
Spark coil (301) is used for the igniting of the spark plug (302) of described internal-combustion engine,
Igniting unit (305) is used for the igniting that basis is come booster coil (301) from the outside igniting trigger signal of outer control unit,
Ionization detector (304) is used to detect the ionization signal of the burning of described internal-combustion engine, and output and the proportional ionization measurement signal of described ionization signal, and
Coupling device (306) is used for optionally described ionization measurement signal and described igniting trigger signal being coupled to igniting/ionizing radiation (312), and described igniting/ionizing radiation is connected to described outer control unit with described ignition mechanism.
37. ignition mechanism according to claim 36, wherein, described coupling device (306) has first path and second path that is used for by described ionization signal that is used for by described igniting trigger signal, wherein first path is suitable for conducting described igniting trigger signal and the described ionization measurement signal of non-conducting, and wherein second path is suitable for conducting described ionization measurement signal and the described igniting trigger signal of non-conducting.
38. a plug connection comprises: according to each described circuit that is used to detect with the relevant variable that burns in the claim 1 to 12.
39. a plug connection comprises: according to each is described in the right 1 to 12, be used to detect the circuit with the relevant variable that burns, and/or according to the device of the igniting that each is described in the claim 19 to 21, be used for combustion process.
40. the engine ignitor of the igniting of a combustion process that is used for internal-combustion engine comprises:
According to the described spark plug of claim 39, and
Igniting distributor device (401), it has decoupling parts (404).
41. the engine ignitor of the igniting of a combustion process that is used for internal-combustion engine comprises:
A plurality of spark plugs, and
Igniting distributor device (1401), wherein said igniting distributor device have at least one according to each is described in the claim 1 to 12, be used to detect the circuit with the relevant variable that burns,
Wherein said igniting distributor device (1401) has decoupling parts (1405), and wherein measuring resistor (1408) and common neutral point coupling.
42. the circuit of the ionization signal configuration of a burning that is used for analyzing internal-combustion engine comprises:
Be used to measure the ionization signal measuring unit (802) of ionization signal configuration,
At least two reference signal storage unit (803a, 803b, 803c), the reference signal configuration that is write down before being used to store and be used to store the parameter value related with described reference signal configuration,
At least two correlation units (804a-804c), be used for by determining measured ionization signal (IO) and at least the first and second stored reference signal configuration (RefA, RefB, RefC) degree of consistency between, with measured ionization signal and at least the first and second stored reference signal configuration (RefA, RefB, RefC) relevant, and
At least two associative cells (805a-805d) are used for conformity and institute stored reference signal configuration (RefA, RefB, institute's stored parameters value association of association RefC) that described correlation unit (804a-804c) is calculated.
43. according to the described circuit of claim 42, wherein, described correlation unit (804a-804c) makes each value and the described reference signal configuration (RefA of described ionization signal configuration (IO), RefB, RefC) one of analog value multiplies each other, and this result is exported to one of associative cell (805a-805d).
44. according to the described circuit of claim 43, wherein, described associative cell (805a-805d) makes described reference signal configuration (RefA, RefB, RefC) each value and itself multiplying each other, and result and described reference signal configuration (RefA to described correlation unit (804a-804c), RefB, RefC) result of product summation, wherein (sum of products quilt of analog value RefC) is divided by reference signal configuration (RefA for RefA, RefB for the value of ionization curve (IO) and reference signal configuration, RefB, some RefC) and the sum of products of itself.
45. the method for the ionization signal configuration of a burning that is used for analyzing internal-combustion engine may further comprise the steps:
The configuration of measurement ionization signal,
Store at least two reference signal configuration and the parameter value related of record in the past with described reference signal configuration,
By determine measured ionization signal (IO) and at least two stored reference signal configurations (RefA, RefB, the RefC) degree of consistency between, measured ionization signal and at least two stored reference signal are disposed relevant, and
Will be by conformity and institute stored reference signal configuration (RefA, RefB, institute's stored parameters value association of association RefC) of correlation computations.
46. the device of the ionization signal of at least two cylinders that are used to detect internal-combustion engine comprises:
Detection unit (902a, 902b), its be coupled to respectively the ionization measurement sensor (900a 900b), is used to detect described ionization signal,
At least one coupling unit (903a, 903b), its with described detection unit (902a 902b) is coupled to corresponding ionization signal transmission line (906),
Wherein, as described detection unit (902a, the amplitude of the ionization signal of output 902b) is during greater than the amplitude of described ionization signal transmission line (906), described coupling unit (903a, 903b) with described detection unit (902a, output signal 902b) is coupled to described ionization signal transmission line (906), perhaps wherein, in the time lag of the qualification after the igniting of respective cylinder finishes, described coupling unit (903a, 903b) (902a, ionization signal transmission line (906) is coupled in output 902b) with described detection unit.
47. according to the described device of claim 46, (902a, 902b) (903a 903b) is arranged in the common housing wherein said detection unit with described coupling unit.
48. according to the described device of claim 46, (903a 903b) is arranged in the common housing wherein said coupling unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200510027396 DE102005027396A1 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | Internal combustion engine`s e.g. petrol engine, combustion phase-relevant variables detecting circuit for ignition transformer, has voltage dependent resistor and capacitor decoupled from ignition coil of engine by decoupling units |
| DE102005027396.3 | 2005-06-13 | ||
| DE200510030481 DE102005030481B4 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-06-28 | Method for igniting a fuel-air mixture |
| DE102005030481.8 | 2005-06-28 | ||
| DE200510044030 DE102005044030B4 (en) | 2005-09-14 | 2005-09-14 | Method and device for ionization measurement in internal combustion engines with suppression of Zündrestspannung |
| DE102005044030.4 | 2005-09-14 | ||
| PCT/EP2006/002077 WO2006133752A1 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-03-07 | Circuit for detecting combustion-related variables |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101194100A true CN101194100A (en) | 2008-06-04 |
| CN101194100B CN101194100B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800208681A Expired - Fee Related CN101194100B (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2006-03-07 | Circuit for detecting variable corresponding to combustion |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101194100B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005027396A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101994629A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-30 | 福特环球技术公司 | Ignition coil with ionization and digital feedback for internal combustion engine |
| CN102220930A (en) * | 2010-04-17 | 2011-10-19 | 博格华纳贝鲁***有限公司 | Method for igniting a fuel/air mixture of a combustion chamber |
| CN104937260A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-09-23 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Ignition control device for internal combustion engine |
| CN105370475A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-02 | 李凤纲 | Automobile and motorcycle igniter |
| CN105579701A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-05-11 | 迈克尔·莱曼 | Method and device for igniting gas-fuel mixture |
| CN103790750B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2017-03-01 | 博格华纳贝鲁***有限公司 | The method and apparatus producing ion current between sparking-plug electrode |
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| CN109668647A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The quickly device of test fuel gas firing temperature |
| CN110174595A (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-27 | 波音公司 | Combustion testing system based on spark |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102006010807B4 (en) * | 2006-03-07 | 2015-06-25 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit for detecting combustion-relevant variables |
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| SE503900C2 (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-09-30 | Mecel Ab | Method and system for monitoring internal combustion engines by detecting the actual air-fuel mixing ratio |
| US5777216A (en) * | 1996-02-01 | 1998-07-07 | Adrenaline Research, Inc. | Ignition system with ionization detection |
| DE19614388C1 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-07-03 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg | Evaluation of quality of mixture of fuel and air in combustion engine |
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| CN101994629A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-30 | 福特环球技术公司 | Ignition coil with ionization and digital feedback for internal combustion engine |
| CN101994629B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2015-01-14 | 福特环球技术公司 | Ignition coil with ionization and digital feedback for internal combustion engine |
| CN102220930A (en) * | 2010-04-17 | 2011-10-19 | 博格华纳贝鲁***有限公司 | Method for igniting a fuel/air mixture of a combustion chamber |
| CN102220930B (en) * | 2010-04-17 | 2016-01-20 | 博格华纳贝鲁***有限公司 | A kind of method of fire fuel-gaseous mixture in firing chamber |
| CN103790750B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2017-03-01 | 博格华纳贝鲁***有限公司 | The method and apparatus producing ion current between sparking-plug electrode |
| CN104937260A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-09-23 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Ignition control device for internal combustion engine |
| CN105579701A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-05-11 | 迈克尔·莱曼 | Method and device for igniting gas-fuel mixture |
| CN105579701B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2018-08-17 | 迈克尔·莱曼 | Method and apparatus for ignition gas fuel mixture |
| CN105370475A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-03-02 | 李凤纲 | Automobile and motorcycle igniter |
| CN109668647A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The quickly device of test fuel gas firing temperature |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101194100B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
| DE102005027396A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
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