CN101184821A - Compositions comprising 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluoro-1-hexene - Google Patents
Compositions comprising 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluoro-1-hexene Download PDFInfo
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- CN101184821A CN101184821A CNA2006800186076A CN200680018607A CN101184821A CN 101184821 A CN101184821 A CN 101184821A CN A2006800186076 A CNA2006800186076 A CN A2006800186076A CN 200680018607 A CN200680018607 A CN 200680018607A CN 101184821 A CN101184821 A CN 101184821A
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluoro-1-hexene compositions for use in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, particularly in centrifugal compressor systems. Also disclosed are 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluoro-1-hexene in combination with at least one bromofluorocarbon, ketones, alcohols, chlorocarbons, ethers, esters, 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluorobutene, N-(difluoromethyl)-N,N-dimethylamine, or mixtures thereof, which are azeotropic or near azeotropic.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires in the right of priority of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/685,288 of submission on May 27th, 2005.
Background of invention
1. technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the composition of heat passage, refrigeration and air-conditioning system (comprising the refrigeration and the air-conditioning system that adopt radial compressor), said composition contains 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes (PFBE) and be selected from bromine fluorohydrocarbon, ketone, alcohol, chloro-hydrocarbons, ether, ester, 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene, N-(difluoromethyl)-N, at least a compound of N-dimethyl amine or its mixture.Composition of the present invention can be azeotropic or nearly azeotropic.These compositions can also be used to clean purposes, as deflux be used for from the surface removing and deoil or resistates.
2. description of Related Art
Seek the Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) (CFC) of the loss ozone that the result as Montreal Protocol is eliminated just gradually and the alternative refrigerant of Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) in the refrigerating industry many decades in the past as possible.For most of refrigeration agent producers, solution is the commercialization of fluoroether refrigerant.Present most popular novel HFC refrigeration agent, HFC 134a has the potentiality of zero ozone depletion, therefore can not be subjected to the influence as Montreal Protocol result's the existing policy of progressively eliminating.
In addition, Environmental policy may finally cause some HFC refrigeration agent to be eliminated in the whole world.At present, automotive industry just in the face of with car air-conditioner in the relevant policy of global warming potential (GWP) of the refrigeration agent that uses.Therefore, press for the novel refrigerant that reduces GWP that has that is identified for car air-conditioner market at present.In the future should implement these policies more widely, so people feel even the low GWP refrigeration agent that needs more urgently to use in ownership system cold-peace air-conditioning industrial circle.
The refrigeration agent of the alternative HFC-134a that recommends comprises HFC-152a, pure hydrocarbon such as butane or propane or " natural " refrigeration agent such as CO at present
2Or ammonia.It is poisonous, flammable and/or low efficiency that many these are recommended substitute.Therefore, seeking new substitute all the time.
The invention provides and have unique property to meet refrigerant composition and heat transfer fluid low or zero ozone depletion and low GWP requirement.
The present invention also provides the cleaning that can be used for semiconductor wafer and circuit card, go to weld and the azeotropic and the Azeotrope-like compositions of degreasing process.Composition of the present invention is non-flammable, and because they in use can be by fractionation, they in use will can not produce flammable composition.And employed azeotropic solvent mixture can be distilled again and be reused and composition variation.
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment, the present invention relates to contain 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes (PFBE) and be selected from the refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid composition of following at least a compound:
4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
Acetone;
2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
Methyl alcohol;
Ethanol;
N-propyl alcohol;
Virahol;
2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
Hexafluoroisopropanol;
1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
Instead-1,2-dichloroethene;
Diisopropyl ether;
1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
Methyl tertiary butyl ether;
Methyl acetate;
Methyl-formiate;
Ethyl acetate;
Ethyl formate;
4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to be used in particular for adopting the refrigeration of radial compressor or the above-mentioned composition in the air-conditioning system.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to be used in particular for adopting the refrigeration of two-stage centrifugal compressor or the above-mentioned composition in the air-conditioning system.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to be used in particular for adopting the refrigeration of single process/veneer heat exchanger or the above-mentioned composition in the air-conditioning system.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to be used for the azeotropic or the nearly Azeotrope compositions of heat passage, refrigeration or air-conditioning system.Said composition also can be used for adopting in the refrigeration or air-conditioning system of radial compressor.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to contain the refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid composition of the Ultraluminescence dyestuff that is useful on leak detection.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to the method for using composition of the present invention to produce refrigeration, heating and transfer heat to heat sink from thermal source.
In another embodiment, the method that the present invention relates to be used for the clean surface and remove resistates from the surface, described surface is integrated circuit (IC) apparatus for example.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
The reference that the applicant quotes all as proof especially is attached in this specification sheets in full.In addition, when consumption, concentration or other value or parameter list limit preferred value and lower limit preferred value as scope, preferable range or one and when providing, it is appreciated that and specifically discloses all scopes that the pairing by any range limit or preferred value and any scope lower limit or preferred value forms no matter whether this scope is by open separately.When narrating numerical range in this article, unless otherwise indicated, this scope means all integers and the mark that comprises in its end points and this scope.When the scope of qualification, and do not mean that scope of the present invention is restricted to the occurrence of being narrated.
Refrigeration agent of the present invention or heat transfer fluid composition contain 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes (PFBE) and at least a bromine fluorohydrocarbon, ketone, alcohol, chloro-hydrocarbons, ether, ester, the 4-chloro-1 of being selected from, 1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene, N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the compound of N-dimethyl amine or its mixture.
PFBE is a kind of hydrogen fluorocarbon compound, and its CAS number of registration is [19430-93-4].It can be buied from DuPont.
The representative compounds that can be used as the component of the present composition is listed in table 1.
Table 1
| Compound | Chemical formula | The CAS number of registration |
| CH 2＝CHCF 2CBrF 2 | 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene | 18599-22-9 |
| CF 3CBr＝CFCF 3 | 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene | 24962-16-8 |
| CF 3CF＝CBrCF 2CF 3 | 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene | 730993-71-2 |
| CHBr＝CHCF 2CF 3 | 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | |
| CH 2＝CBrCF 2CF 3 | 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 68318-95-6 |
| (CH 3) 2C＝O | Acetone | 67-64-1 |
| (CF 3) 2CClC(O)CF 2CF 3 | 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione | 83714-48-1 |
| (CF 3) 2CHC(O)CF 2CF 3 | 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione | 61637-91-0 |
| CH 3OH | Methyl alcohol | 67-56-1 |
| CH 3CH 2OH | Ethanol | 64-17-5 |
| CH 3CH 2CH 2OH | N-propyl alcohol | 71-23-8 |
| CH 3CH 2OHCH 3 | Virahol | 67-63-0 |
| CF 3CH 2OH | 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol | 75-89-8 |
| CF 3CF 2CH 2OH | 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol | 422-05-9 |
| CHF 2CF 2CH 2OH | 2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol | 76-37-9 |
| (CF 3) 2CHOH | Hexafluoroisopropanol | 920-66-1 |
| CH 3CHCl 2 | 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride | 75-34-3 |
| CHCl＝CHCl | Suitable-1, the 2-difluoroethylene | 156-59-2 |
| CHCl＝CHCl | Instead-1,2-difluoroethylene | 156-60-5 |
| (CH 3) 2CHOCH(CH 3) 2 | Diisopropyl ether | 108-20-3 |
| CH 3OCH 2CH 2OCH 3 | 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether | 110-71-9 |
| CH 3OCH 2OCH 3 | Methylal(dimethoxymethane) | 109-87-5 |
| CH 3OC(CH 3) 3 | Methyl tertiary butyl ether | 1634-04-4 |
| CH 3COOCH 3 | Methyl acetate | 79-20-9 |
| HCOOCH 3 | Methyl-formiate | 107-31-3 |
| CH 3COOCH 2CH 3 | Ethyl acetate | 141-78-6 |
| HCOOCH 2CH 3 | Ethyl formate | 109-94-4 |
| CHClFCF 2CF＝CF 2 | 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene | 379-87-3 |
| N(CH 3) 2(CHF 2) | N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine | 683-81-8 |
Can be by commercially available CF
3CF
2I begins synthetic 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene.In the Hastelloy C autoclave, about 100 ℃ under autogenous pressure, CF
3CF
2I can produce CF with ethylene reaction
3CH
2CH
2CF
2I adopts Virahol as phase-transfer catalyst, under about 55 ℃, and CF
3CF
2CH
2CH
2I energy enough KOH aqueous solution dehydroiodinations (dehydroiodinated) produce CF
3CF
2CH=CH
2CF is being arranged under the situation of light
3CF
2CH=CH
2Can produce CF in about 100 ℃ of following brominations
3CF
2CHCHBr
2CF
3CF
2CHCHBr
2Can be in room temperature in the presence of the KOH aqueous solution, or adopt the KOH pill equally in room temperature, carry out the dehydrobromination reaction, obtain CF
3CF
2CH-CHBr.
Other compound of listing in the table 1 can easily be prepared by those skilled in the art, and can obtain from many commercial chemicals suppliers.
Composition of the present invention can prepare by the method that makes things convenient for that any various independent component with requirement merges.Preferable methods is to weigh the group component that needs, and then component is merged in suitable containers.If desired, can use stirring.
Refrigeration agent of the present invention or heat transfer fluid composition comprise PFBE and are selected from following at least a compound:
4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
Acetone;
2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
Methyl alcohol;
Ethanol;
N-propyl alcohol;
Virahol;
2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
Hexafluoroisopropanol;
1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
Instead-1,2-dichloroethene;
Diisopropyl ether;
1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
Methyl tertiary butyl ether;
Methyl acetate;
Methyl-formiate;
Ethyl acetate;
Ethyl formate;
4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine.
Refrigeration agent of the present invention or heat transfer fluid composition can be azeotropic or nearly Azeotrope compositions.Azeotrope compositions is meant the constant boiling mixture of performance as two or more materials of one matter.A feature of Azeotrope compositions is, the steam that produces by part evaporation or distillating liquid therefrom evaporates with it or the liquid that distills has identical composition, that is, the distillation/backflow of mixture can not change composition.Azeotropic composition is characterised in that azeotropic, because compare with the zeotrope of same composition, it shows high or minimum boiling point.In operational process, fractionation will can not take place in Azeotrope compositions in refrigeration or air-conditioning system, thereby will have kept the efficient of system.In addition, fractionation can not take place in Azeotrope compositions when leaking from refrigeration or air-conditioning system.In a combustible situation of component of composition, the fractionation in the leakage may be at internal system or the flammable composition of outside generation.
The nearly Azeotrope compositions that is also sometimes referred to as " Azeotrope-like compositions " is the liquid mixture that shows basically as the substantially constant boiling of two or more materials of one matter.A feature of nearly Azeotrope compositions is, the steam that produces by part evaporation or distillating liquid and its therefrom evaporate or the liquid that distills has essentially identical composition, that is, the distillation/backflow of mixture can not change composition substantially.Another feature of nearly Azeotrope compositions is that the bubble point vapour pressure of composition and dew point vapour pressure are basic identical under specified temp.Here, if after for example removing the 50wt% of composition by evaporation or boiling, initial composition and removed difference between the vapour pressure of remaining composition after the 50wt% of initial composition less than about 10%, then said composition is nearly azeotropic.
Azeotropic PFBE refrigeration agent of the present invention or heat transfer fluid composition are listed in table 2.
Table 2
| Component A | B component | Azeotropic point is formed | Azeotropic point (℃) | |
| wt％ (A) | wt％ (B) | |||
| PFBE | 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene | 51.6 | 48.4 | 38.1 |
| PFBE | 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 57.7 | 42.3 | 49.8 |
| PFBE | 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 55.3 | 44.7 | 56.9 |
| PFBE | Acetone | 76.0 | 24.0 | 41.5 |
| PFBE | Methyl alcohol | 91.9 | 8.1 | 44.2 |
| PFBE | Ethanol | 93.2 | 6.8 | 49.4 |
| PFBE | N-propyl alcohol | 95.9 | 4.1 | 54.2 |
| PFBE | Virahol | 92.7 | 7.3 | 50.9 |
| PFBE | 2,2, the 2-trifluoroethanol | 84.7 | 15.3 | 48.6 |
| PFBE | 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol | 82.5 | 17.5 | 51.2 |
| PFBE | 2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol | 93.3 | 6.7 | 57.1 |
| PFBE | Hexafluoroisopropanol | 55.9 | 44.1 | 48.8 |
| PFBE | 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride | 63.9 | 36.1 | 44.5 |
| PFBE | Suitable-1, the 2-Ethylene Dichloride | 66.1 | 33.9 | 50.4 |
| PFBE | Instead-1,2-Ethylene Dichloride | 52.8 | 47.2 | 41.3 |
| PFBE | 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether | 92.7 | 7.3 | 58.1 |
| PFBE | Methylal(dimethoxymethane) | 53.7 | 46.3 | 40.6 |
| PFBE | Methyl tertiary butyl ether | 69.5 | 30.5 | 57.2 |
| PFBE | Methyl acetate | 72.4 | 27.6 | 41.9 |
| PFBE | Methyl-formiate | 57.2 | 42.8 | 26.0 |
| PFBE | Ethyl acetate | 87.3 | 12.7 | 56.8 |
| PFBE | Ethyl formate | 68.8 | 31.2 | 40.4 |
| PFBE | N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine | 44.2 | 55.8 | 46.8 |
Near-azeotrope refrigerant of the present invention and heat transfer fluid composition and concentration range are listed in table 3.
Table 3
Nearly azeotropic scope
B component
Wt%PFBE/wt%B
4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene 28-76/24-72
2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-1-99/1-99
Seven fluorine butylene
3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-1-99/1-99
Nine fluorine butylene
1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-1-85/15-99
Five fluorine butylene
2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-1-99/1-99
Five fluorine butylene
Acetone 54-89/11-46
2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-1-99/1-99
2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione
1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-1-99/1-99
(trifluoromethyl)-propione
Methyl alcohol 77-96/4-23
Ethanol 76-97/3-24
N-propyl alcohol 76-98/2-24
Virahol 73-97/3-27
2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol 58-93/7-42
2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol 50-91/9-50
2,2,3,3-C3-Fluoroalcohol 60-99/1-40
Hexafluoroisopropanol 28-86/14-72
1,1-ethylene dichloride 39-84/16-61
Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene 35-99/1-65
Instead-1,2-dichloroethene 22-79/21-78
Diisopropyl ether 1-99/1-99
1,2-glycol dimethyl ether 64-99/1-36
Methylal(dimethoxymethane) 1-81/19-99
Methyl tertiary butyl ether 1-99/1-99
Methyl acetate 49-87/13-51
Methyl-formiate 37-83/17-63
Ethyl acetate 58-99/1-42
Ethyl formate 46-86/14-54
4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-1-99/1-99
The hexafluoro butylene
N-(difluoromethyl)-N, N-1-99/1-99
Dimethyl amine
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, having the near-azeotrope refrigerant flammable of the present invention of reduction and heat transfer composition and concentration range lists in table 4.
Table 4
Nearly azeotropic scope
B component
Wt%PFBE/wt%B
4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene 40-70/30-60
2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-40-99/1-60
Seven fluorine butylene
3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-40-99/1-60
Nine fluorine butylene
1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-40-85/15-60
Five fluorine butylene
2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-40-99/1-60
Five fluorine butylene
Acetone 60-89/11-40
2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-40-99/1-60
2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione
1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-40-99/1-60
(trifluoromethyl)-propione
Methyl alcohol 80-96/4-20
Ethanol 80-97/3-20
N-propyl alcohol 80-98/2-20
Virahol 80-97/3-20
2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol 60-93/7-40
2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol 60-91/9-40
2,2,3,3-C3-Fluoroalcohol 70-99/1-30
Hexafluoroisopropanol 40-86/14-60
1,1-ethylene dichloride 40-80/20-60
Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene 40-99/1-60
Instead-1,2-dichloroethene 30-79/21-70
Di Iso Propyl Ether 40-99/1-60
1,2-glycol dimethyl ether 70-99/1-30
Methylal(dimethoxymethane) 20-81/19-80
Methyl tertiary butyl ether 40-99/1-60
Methyl acetate 60-87/13-40
Methyl-formiate 40-83/17-60
Ethyl acetate 60-99/1-40
Ethyl formate 50-86/14-50
4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-40-99/1-60
The hexafluoro butylene
N-(difluoromethyl)-N, N-40-99/1-60
Dimethyl amine
Composition of the present invention may further include lubricant.
Lubricant of the present invention comprises refrigeration lubricant, those lubricants that promptly are suitable for using with refrigeration, air-conditioning or thermal-pump unit.These lubricants are to be used in the compression refrigerating apparatus that adopts the Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) refrigeration agent those routinely.At 1990 ASHRAE Handbook, Refrigeration Systems andApplications, the 8th chapter, exercise question are " Lubricants in Refrigeration Systems ", in the 8.1st to 8.21 page, such lubricant and their performance have been discussed.Lubricant of the present invention can comprise that the lubricated field of compression refrigeration is commonly referred to those of " mineral oil ".Mineral oil comprises paraffin (that is, straight chain and side chain carbochain stable hydrocarbon), cycloalkanes (that is cyclic paraffins) and aromatic hydrocarbon (that is the unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon that, contains the one or more rings that are characterised in that alternately two keys).Lubricant of the present invention comprises that further the lubricated field of compression refrigeration is commonly referred to those of " synthetic oil ".Synthetic oil comprises alkyl aromatics (that is, straight chain or branch alkyl group alkylbenzene), synthetic paraffin and cycloalkanes and polyalphaolefin.The representational traditional lubrication agent of the present invention is the BVM 100N (by the paraffin mineral oil of BVA Oils sale) that can buy, Suniso 3GS and Suniso 5GS (by the naphthenic mineral oil of Crompton Co. sale), Sontex 372LT (by the naphthenic mineral oil of Pennzoil sale), Calumet RO-30 (by the naphthenic mineral oil of Calumet Lubricants sale), Zerol 75, Zerol 150 and Zerol 500 (by the linear alkylbenzene of Shrieve Chemicals sale) and HAB22 (by the branched alkylbenzene of Nippon Oil sale).
Lubricant of the present invention further comprise be designed to fluoroether refrigerant use and under the operational conditions of compression refrigeration, air-conditioning or thermal-pump unit can with molten mixed those of refrigeration agent of the present invention.At " Synthetic Lubricants and High-Performance Fluids ", R.L.Shubkin, editor, Marcel Dekker has discussed such lubricant and their performance in 1993.Such lubricant includes but not limited to that polyol ester (POEs) is as Castrol 100 (Castrol, United Kindom), polyalkylene glycol (PAGs) is as from Dow (Dow Chemical, Midland, RL-488A Michigan) and polyvinyl ether (PVEs).Can easily obtain these lubricants from various commercial source.
Consider the needs of given compressor and the environmental selection lubricant of the present invention that lubricant will face.Lubricant of the present invention preferably has the kinematic viscosity at least about 5cs (centistoke) under 40 ℃.
Composition of the present invention may further include stablizer, free-radical scavengers or the antioxidant of about 0.01wt% to about 5wt%.Such additive comprises but is not limited to Nitromethane 99Min., sterically hindered phenol, azanol, mercaptan, phosphorous acid ester or lactone.Can use a kind of additive or additive combination.
Composition of the present invention may further include the water scavenging agent (dry compound) of about 0.01wt% to about 5wt%.This water scavenging agent can comprise ortho ester such as trimethyl orthoformate, triethyl or three propyl ester.
Composition of the present invention may further include ultraviolet (UV) dyestuff and optional solubilizing agent.The UV dyestuff is to be used for making the fluorescence of leakage point that the people can be by observing refrigeration or conditioning unit or near refrigeration agent it or heat transfer fluid composition dyestuff to detect the useful component of the leakage of refrigeration agent and heat transfer fluid composition.People can observe the fluorescence of this dyestuff under ultraviolet ray.May need solubilizing agent to improve the solubleness of this UV dyestuff in some refrigeration agents and heat transfer fluid.
" ultraviolet " dyestuff is meant at the light absorbing UV fluorescent composition of the ultraviolet of electromagnetic spectrum or " closely " ultraviolet region.Can detect at 10nm and under any wavelength of 750nm, send the fluorescence that radiating UV fluorescence dye produces under the UV rayed.Therefore, leak from the specified point of refrigeration or conditioning unit, then can detect fluorescence at leakage point if contain the refrigeration agent of this UV fluorescence dye or heat transfer fluid.This UV dyestuff includes but not limited to naphthalimide class (naphthalimides), perylene class, coumarins, anthracene class, luxuriant and rich with fragrance class, xanthene class, thioxanthene class, naphthoxanthene class (naphthoxanthenes), fluoresceins and derivative or combination.Solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises at least a hydrocarbon, hydrocarbyl ether, polyoxy alkylene glycol ether, acid amides, nitrile, ketone, chloro-hydrocarbons, ester, lactone, aryl ethers, the fluoroether and 1,1 of being selected from, the compound of 1-trifluoro alkane.
Hydrocarbon solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises hydrocarbon, and described hydrocarbon comprises having 16 or carbon atom and only have hydrogen and without any straight chain, side chain or the cyclic alkane or the alkene of other functional group still less.Representational hydrocarbon solubilizing agent comprises propane, propylene, cyclopropane, normal butane, Trimethylmethane, Skellysolve A, octane, decane and n-Hexadecane.Should be noted that if refrigeration agent is a hydrocarbon, then solubilizing agent can not use with a kind of hydrocarbon.
Hydrocarbyl ether solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises ether such as the dme (DME) that only contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Polyoxy alkylene glycol ether solubilizing agent of the present invention is by formula R
1[(OR
2)
xOR
3]
yExpression, wherein x is the integer of 1-3; Y is the integer of 1-4; R
1Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatic group with 1 to 6 carbon atom and y binding site; R
2Be selected from aliphatics alkylene with 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R
3Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atom; R
1And R
3In at least one be selected from described alkyl; And the molecular weight of wherein said polyoxy alkylene glycol ether is about 100 to about 300 atomic mass units.Here employed binding site is meant the group site that can form covalent linkage with other group.Alkylene is meant bivalent hydrocarbon radical.
In the present invention, preferred polyoxy alkylene glycol ether solubilizing agent is by formula R
1[(OR
2)
xOR
3]
yExpression, wherein x 1-2 preferably; Y preferably 1; R
1And R
3Preferably be independently selected from hydrogen and aliphatic group with 1 to 4 carbon atom; R
2Be preferably selected from aliphatics alkylene, most preferably 3 carbon atoms with 2 or 3 carbon atoms; The molecular weight of polyoxy alkylene glycol ether is preferably about 100 to about 250 atomic mass units, and most preferably from about 125 to about 250 atomic mass units.R with 1 to 6 carbon atom
1And R
3Alkyl can be straight chain, side chain or cyclic.Representational R
1And R
3Alkyl comprises methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.When the free hydroxyl on the polyoxy alkylene glycol ether solubilizing agent of the present invention may be incompatible with the constituent material (for example, Mylar ) of some compression refrigeration equipment, R
1And R
3The aliphatic alkyl that preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atom, most preferably 1 carbon atom.R with 2 to 4 carbon atoms
2The aliphatics alkylene forms multiple oxyalkylene-(OR
2)
x-(comprising oxygen ethylidene, oxygen propylidene and oxygen butylidene).The R that comprises in the oxyalkylene in polyoxy alkylene glycol ether solubilizing agent molecule
2Can be identical, perhaps a molecule can contain different R
2Oxyalkylene.Polyoxy alkylene glycol ether solubilizing agent of the present invention preferably includes at least one oxygen propylidene.Work as R
1Be that this group can be straight chain, side chain or cyclic when having the aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbon atom and y binding site.Representational aliphatic alkyl R with 2 binding sites
1Comprise for example ethylidene, propylidene, butylidene, pentylidene, hexylidene, cyclopentylidene and cyclohexylidene.Representational aliphatic alkyl R with 3 or 4 binding sites
1Comprise that by from polyvalent alcohol such as TriMethylolPropane(TMP), glycerine, tetramethylolmethane, 1,2 3-trihydroxy-hexanaphthene and 1,3 is removed hydroxyl on the 5-trihydroxy-hexanaphthene and the residue that obtains.
Representational polyoxy alkylene glycol ether solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: CH
3OCH
2CH (CH
3) O (H or CH
3) (propylene glycol methyl (or dimethyl) ether), CH
3O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or CH
3) (dipropylene glycol methyl (or dimethyl) ether), CH
3O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or CH
3) (tripropylene glycol methyl (or dimethyl) ether), C
2H
5OCH
2CH (CH
3) O (H or C
2H
5) (propylene glycol ethyl (or diethyl) ether), C
2H
5O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or C
2H
5) (dipropylene glycol ethyl (or diethyl) ether), C
2H
5O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or C
2H
5) (tripropylene glycol ethyl (or diethyl) ether), C
3H
7OCH
2CH (CH
3) O (H or C
3H
7) (propylene glycol n-propyl (or di) ether), C
3H
7O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or C
3H
7) (dipropylene glycol n-propyl (or di) ether), C
3H
7O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or C
3H
7) (tripropylene glycol n-propyl (or di) ether), C
4H
9OCH
2CH (CH
3) OH (propylene glycol n-butyl ether), C
4H
9O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or C
4H
9) (dipropylene glycol normal-butyl (or di-n-butyl) ether), C
4H
9O[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or C
4H
9) (tripropylene glycol normal-butyl (or di-n-butyl) ether), (CH
3)
3COCH
2CH (CH
3) OH (glycol tertiary butyl ether), (CH
3)
3CO[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
2(H or (CH
3)
3) (the dipropylene glycol tertiary butyl (or di-t-butyl) ether), (CH
3)
3CO[CH
2CH (CH
3) O]
3(H or (CH
3)
3)) (the tripropylene glycol tertiary butyl (or di-t-butyl) ether), C
5H
11OCH
2CH (CH
3) OH (propylene glycol n-pentyl ether), C
4H
9OCH
2CH (C
2H
5) OH (butyleneglycol n-butyl ether), C
4H
9O[CH
2CH (C
2H
5) O]
2H (dibutylene glycol n-butyl ether), trimethylolpropane tris n-butyl ether (C
2H
5C (CH
2O (CH
2)
3CH
3)
3) and TriMethylolPropane(TMP) di-n-butyl ether (C
2H
5C (CH
2OC (CH
2)
3CH
3)
2OH).
Acid amides solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises formula R
1C (O) NR
2R
3And ring-[R
4C (O) N (R
5Those of representative)-], wherein R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Be independently selected from aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atom; R
4Be selected from aliphatics alkylene with 3 to 12 carbon atoms; And the molecular weight of wherein said acid amides is about 100 to about 300 atomic mass units.The molecular weight of described acid amides is preferably about 160 to about 250 atomic mass units.R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Can randomly comprise substituted hydrocarbon radical, that is, contain the substituent group of nonhydrocarbon that is selected from halogen (for example, fluorine, chlorine) and alkoxyl group (alkoxide) (for example, methoxyl group).R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Can randomly comprise the alkyl that heteroatoms replaces, that is, in the group chain of forming by carbon atom, contain the group of nitrogen-atoms (azepine), Sauerstoffatom (oxa-) or sulphur atom (thia) in addition.Usually, at R
1-3In, there are no more than three non-hydrocarbon substituents and heteroatoms in per 10 carbon atoms, preferably be no more than one, and any this non-hydrocarbon substituent and heteroatomic existence must be considered the restriction of application of aforementioned molecular weight.Preferred acid amides solubilizing agent is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.Representational R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl comprise methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer.A preferred implementation of acid amides solubilizing agent is wherein aforementioned formula ring-[R
4C (O) N (R
5R in)-]
4Can use alkylene (CR
6R
7)
nThose of expression, that is, and formula ring-[(CR
6R
7)
nC (O) N (R
5)-], wherein application of aforementioned molecular weight values; N is 3 to 5 integer; R
5It is the saturated hydrocarbyl that contains 1 to 12 carbon atom; R
6And R
7(for each n) was by before being used to define R independently
1-3Principle select.At formula ring-[(CR
6R
7)
nC (O) N (R
5In)-] the represented lactan, all R
6And R
7Preferably hydrogen or in n MU (methylene unit), contain an independent saturated hydrocarbyl, and R
5It is the saturated hydrocarbyl that contains 3 to 12 carbon atoms.For example, 1-(saturated hydrocarbyl)-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone.
Representational acid amides solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 1-octyl group pyrrolidin-2-one, 1-decyl pyrrolidin-2-one, 1-octyl group-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone, 1-butyl hexanolactam, 1-cyclohexyl pyrrolidin-2-one, 1-butyl-5-methyl piperidine-2-ketone, 1-amyl group-5-methyl piperidine-2-ketone, 1-hexyl hexanolactam, 1-hexyl-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone, 5-methyl-1-pentene phenylpiperidines-2-ketone, 1,3-lupetidine-2-ketone, the 1-methyl caprolactam, 1-butyl-pyrrolidin-2-one, 1,5-lupetidine-2-ketone, 1-decyl-5-methylpyrrolidin-2-ketone, 1-dodecyl pyrrolidin-2-one, N, N-dibutyl formamide and N, N-di-isopropyl ethanamide.
Ketone solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula R
1C (O) R
2The ketone of representative, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from the aliphatics with 1 to 12 carbon atom, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbyl, the molecular weight of wherein said ketone is about 70 to about 300 atomic mass units.R in the described ketone
1And R
2Preferably be independently selected from aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl with 1 to 9 carbon atom.The molecular weight of described ketone is preferably about 100 to 200 atomic mass units.R
1And R
2Can form continuous alkylene together and form 5,6 or 7 yuan of cyclic ketones, for example, cyclopentanone, pimelinketone and suberone.R
1And R
2Can randomly comprise substituted hydrocarbon radical, that is, contain the substituent group of nonhydrocarbon that is selected from halogen (for example, fluorine, chlorine) and alkoxyl group (for example, methoxyl group).R
1And R
2The alkyl that heteroatoms replaces be can randomly comprise, that is, nitrogen-atoms (azepine), Sauerstoffatom (oxo, oxa-) or sulphur atom (group of thia) in the group chain of being made up of carbon atom, contained in addition.Usually, at R
1And R
2In, there are no more than three non-hydrocarbon substituents and heteroatoms in per 10 carbon atoms, preferably be no more than one, and any this non-hydrocarbon substituent and heteroatomic existence must be considered the restriction of application of aforementioned molecular weight.General formula R
1C (O) R
2In representational R
1And R
2Aliphatics, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbyl comprise methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer, and phenyl, benzyl, cumyl, base, tolyl, xylyl and styroyl.
Representational ketone solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 2-butanone, 2 pentanone, phenyl methyl ketone, butyrophenone, amyl phenyl ketone, pimelinketone, suberone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 5 methy 12 hexanone, methyln-hexyl ketone, 3-octanone, diisobutyl ketone, 4-ethyl cyclohexanone, methyl n-heptyl ketone, butyl ketone, 2-decanone, propyl hexyl ketone, 2-decalone, methyl n-undecyl ketone, two hexanones and two pimelinketone.
Nitrile solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises formula R
1The nitrile that CN represents, wherein R
1Be selected from the aliphatics with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbyl, the molecular weight of wherein said nitrile is about 90 to about 200 atomic mass units.R in the described nitrile solubilizing agent
1Be preferably selected from aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl with 8 to 10 carbon atoms.The molecular weight of described nitrile solubilizing agent is preferably about 120 to about 140 atomic mass units.R
1Can randomly comprise substituted hydrocarbon radical, that is, contain the substituent group of nonhydrocarbon that is selected from halogen (for example, fluorine, chlorine) and alkoxyl group (for example, methoxyl group).R
1The alkyl that heteroatoms replaces be can randomly comprise, that is, nitrogen-atoms (azepine), Sauerstoffatom (oxo, oxa-) or sulphur atom (thia) in the group chain of being made up of carbon atom, contained in addition.Usually, at R
1In, there are no more than three non-hydrocarbon substituents and heteroatoms in per 10 carbon atoms, preferably be no more than one, and any this non-hydrocarbon substituent and heteroatomic existence must be considered the restriction of application of aforementioned molecular weight.General formula R
1Representational R among the CN
1Aliphatics, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbyl comprise amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer, and phenyl, benzyl, cumyl, base, tolyl, xylyl and styroyl.
Representational nitrile solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 1-cyano group pentane, 2,2-dimethyl-4-cyano group pentane, 1-cyano group hexane, 1-cyano group heptane, 1-cyano group octane, 2-cyano group octane, 1-cyano group nonane, 1-cyano group decane, 2-cyano group decane, 1-cyano group undecane and 1-cyano group dodecane.
Chloro-hydrocarbons solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula RCl
xThe chloro-hydrocarbons of expression, wherein x is 1 or 2; R is selected from aliphatics and the alicyclic alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atom; And the molecular weight of wherein said chloro-hydrocarbons is about 100 to about 200 atomic mass units.The molecular weight of described chloro-hydrocarbons is preferably about 120 to 150 atomic mass units.General formula R Cl
xIn representational R aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl comprise methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl, the tertiary butyl, amyl group, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and their constitutional isomer.
Representational chloro-hydrocarbons solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 3-(chloromethyl) pentane, 3-chloro-3-methylpentane, 1-chlorohexane, 1,6-dichloro hexane, 1-chloroheptane, 1-chloro-octane, 1-chlorononane, 1-chlorodecane and 1,1,1-three chlorodecanes.
Ester solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula R
1C (O) OR
2The ester of expression, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from straight chain and cyclic, saturated and undersaturated alkyl and aryl.Preferred ester is made up of Elements C, H and O basically, and molecular weight is about 80 to arrive about 550 atomic mass units.
Representational ester includes but not limited to: (CH
3)
2CHCH
2O (O) C (CH
2)
2-
4(O) COCH
2CH (CH
3)
2(diisobutyl dibasic ester), ethyl hexanoate, oil of cognac, n-butyl propionate, propionic acid n-propyl, ethyl benzoate, n-propyl phthalate, phenylformic acid ethoxy ethyl ester, dipropyl carbonate, " Exxate 700 " (a kind of commercially available acetate C7 alkyl ester), " Exxate800 " (a kind of commercially available acetate C
8Alkyl ester), dibutyl phthalate and tert.-butyl acetate.
Lactone solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises the lactone by structure [A], [B] and [C] expression:
These lactones contain-C (O) O-functional group at six former subrings (A) or preferred pentatomic ring (B) with (C), wherein for structure [A] and [B], R
1-R
8Be independently selected from hydrogen or straight chain, side chain, cyclic, bicyclic, saturated and undersaturated alkyl.Each R
1-R
8Can with another R
1-R
8Be connected to form ring.Lactone can have ring outer alkylidene group structure, wherein R as in the structure [C]
1-R
6Be independently selected from hydrogen or straight chain, side chain, cyclic, bicyclic, saturated and undersaturated alkyl.Each R
1-R
6Can with another R
1-R
6Be connected to form ring.The molecular weight of lactone solubilizing agent is about 80 to about 300 atomic mass units, and preferred about 80 to about 200 atomic mass units.
Representational lactone solubilizing agent includes but not limited to the compound listed in the table 5.
Table 5
The kinematic viscosity of lactone solubilizing agent under 40 ℃ usually less than about 7 centistokes.For example, under 40 ℃, the kinematic viscosity of γ-Shi Yineizhi is 5.4 centistokes, and the viscosity of suitable-(3-hexyl-5-methyl) dihydrofuran-2-ketone is 4.5 centistokes.Lactone solubilizing agent can be commercially available, perhaps can be by the method preparation described in the U.S. Patent application of submitting on August 3rd, 2,004 10/910,495 (contriver is P.J.Fagan and C.J.Brandenburg), and it incorporates this paper into as a reference.
Aryl ethers solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by formula R
1OR
2The aryl oxide of expression, wherein: R
1Be selected from aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R
2Be selected from aliphatic group with 1 to 4 carbon atom; And the molecular weight of wherein said aryl ethers is about 100 to about 150 atomic mass units.General formula R
1OR
2In representational R
1Aryl comprises phenyl, xenyl, cumyl, base, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl and pyridyl.General formula R
1OR
2In representational R
2Aliphatic group comprises methyl, ethyl, propyl group, sec.-propyl, butyl, isobutyl-, sec-butyl and the tertiary butyl.Representational aryl oxide solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: methyl phenyl ether (methyl-phenoxide), 1,3-dimethoxy benzene, ethylphenyl ether and butyl phenylate.
Fluoroether solubilizing agent of the present invention comprises by general formula R
1OCF
2CF
2Those that H represents, wherein: R
1Be selected from and have about 5 aliphatics, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbyls, the preferred saturated primary alkyl of straight chain to about 15 carbon atoms.Representational fluoroether solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: C
8H
17OCF
2CF
2H and C
6H
13OCF
2CF
2H.Should be noted that if refrigeration agent is a fluoroether then solubilizing agent can not be with a kind of fluoroether.
Fluoroether solubilizing agent may further include the ether that is obtained by fluoroolefins and many alcohol.Fluoroolefins can be CF
2The form of=CXY, wherein X is hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine, Y is fluorine, chlorine, CF
3Or OR
f, R wherein
fBe CF
3, C
2F
5Or C
3F
7Representational fluoroolefins is tetrafluoroethylene, chloro trifluoro-ethylene, R 1216 and perfluoro methyl vinyl ether.Many alcohol can be straight or brancheds.The many alcohol of straight chain can be HOCH
2(CHOH)
x(CRR ')
yCH
2The form of OH, wherein R and R ' are hydrogen or CH
3Or C
2H
5, and wherein x is the integer of 0-4, y is the integer of 0-4.The many alcohol of side chain can be C (OH)
t(R)
u(CH
2OH)
v[(CH
2)
mCH
2OH]
wForm, wherein R can be hydrogen, CH
3Or C
2H
5, m can be the integer of 0-3, and t and u can be 0 or 1, and v and w can be the integers of 0-4, simultaneously, t+u+v+w=4 wherein.Representational many alcohol is TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane, butyleneglycol and ethylene glycol.
Of the present invention 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane solubilizing agent comprises by formula CF
3R
11,1 of expression, 1-trifluoro alkane, wherein R
1Be selected from and have about 5 aliphatics and alicyclic alkyls, the preferred saturated primary alkyl of straight chain to about 15 carbon atoms.Representational 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane solubilizing agent includes but not limited to: 1,1, and 1-trifluoro hexane and 1,1,1-trifluoro dodecane.
Solubilizing agent of the present invention can be used as the simplification compound and exists, and the mixture that perhaps can be used as more than a kind of solubilizing agent exists.The mixture of solubilizing agent can contain two kinds of solubilizing agent from same compounds as two kinds of lactones, perhaps contains from two kinds of different classes of two kinds of solubilizing agent such as lactone and polyoxy alkylene glycol ether.
Contain refrigeration agent and UV fluorescence dye or contain heat transfer fluid and the composition of the present invention of UV fluorescence dye in, about 0.001wt% of said composition is to about 1.0wt%, preferred about 0.005wt% is to about 0.5wt%, and most preferably 0.01wt% is the UV dyestuff to about 0.25wt%.
The solubleness of these UV fluorescence dyes in refrigeration agent and heat transfer fluid may be very poor.Therefore, method in refrigeration or the conditioning unit that these dyestuffs are joined is a difficult usefulness, expensive with consuming time.U.S. Patent No. RE 36,951 has described a kind of method, and its utilization can be inserted into dye powder, solid granule or the dyestuff slurry in the refrigeration or the assembly of conditioning unit.When refrigeration agent and lubricant by the equipment circulation time, dyestuff is dissolved or disperse, and is carried to each position of equipment.Described in the literature many with dyestuff join the refrigeration or conditioning unit in other method.Ideally, the UV fluorescence dye can be dissolved among the refrigeration agent self, therefore without any need for the adhoc approach that it is joined in refrigeration or the conditioning unit.The present invention relates to comprise the composition that can in refrigeration agent, be added into the UV fluorescence dye in the system.Composition of the present invention in addition also can allow at low temperatures the storage and conveying contain dyestuff refrigeration agent and heat transfer fluid, simultaneously dyestuff is remained in the solution.Containing refrigeration agent, UV fluorescence dye and solubilizing agent, perhaps contain in the composition of the present invention of heat transfer fluid, UV fluorescence dye and solubilizing agent, about 1 to about 50wt% of composition, preferred about 2 to about 25wt%, most preferably from about 5 to about 15wt% is solubilizing agent in refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid.In composition of the present invention, the UV fluorescence dye exist concentration be about 0.001wt% of refrigeration agent or heat transfer fluid to about 1.0wt%, preferred 0.005wt% is to about 0.5wt%, most preferably 0.01wt% arrives about 0.25wt%.
Randomly, refrigeration or air-conditioning system additive commonly used can be added in the composition of the present invention as required, so that improve performance and system stability.These additives are known in refrigeration and field of air conditioning, and it includes but not limited to antiwear agents, extreme pressure lubricant, corrosion and oxidation retarder, metal surface passivant, free-radical scavengers and Foam Control.Usually, these additives exist with a small amount of with respect to total composition in composition of the present invention.Usually the working concentration of each additive is to arrive 3wt% at the most less than about 0.1wt%.These additives are selected according to the needs of each system.These additives comprise the member of the triaryl phosphate family of EP (extreme pressure) slip additive, butylated triphenyl phosphates (BTPP) for example, perhaps other alkylation triaryl phosphate for example derives from Syn-0-Ad 8478, Tritolyl Phosphate and the related compound of Akzo Chemicals.In addition, (for example other member of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (or ZDDP), Lubrizol 1375 and this family's chemical can be used for composition of the present invention to the dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid metal-salt.Other antiwear agents comprises natural product oil and asymmetric poly-hydroxy slip additive, for example Synergol TMS (International Lubricants).Similarly, can use stablizer such as antioxidant, free-radical scavengers and water scavenging agent.This compounds can include but not limited to, Yoshinox BHT (BHT) and epoxide.
Solubilizing agent such as ketone have disagreeable smell, and it can be sheltered by adding odor masking agent or spices.The exemplary of odor masking agent or spices can comprise Evergreen, FreshLemon, Cherry, Cinnamon, Peppermint, Floral or Orange Peel (they all are commercially available) and d-limonene and firpene.About 0.001wt% that the working concentration of this odor masking agent can be based on odor masking agent and solubilizing agent gross weight arrives about 15wt% at the most.
In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of refrigeration agent or heat transfer fluid method for compositions of in refrigeration or conditioning unit, using the solubilizing agent that further comprises the Ultraluminescence dyestuff and choose wantonly.This method comprises refrigeration agent or heat transfer fluid composition is joined in refrigeration or the conditioning unit.It can be undertaken by the UV fluorescence dye being dissolved in also this mixture is joined in the equipment in refrigeration agent or the heat transfer fluid composition in the presence of solubilizing agent.Perhaps, it can join in the refrigeration that contains refrigeration agent and/or heat transfer fluid or the conditioning unit by mixed solubilizers and UV fluorescence dye and with described mixture and carry out.The composition that obtains can be used for refrigeration or conditioning unit.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of use and contain the refrigeration agent of Ultraluminescence dyestuff or the method that the heat transfer fluid composition detects leakage.The existence of dyestuff allows to detect the leakage of refrigeration agent in the composition in refrigeration or conditioning unit.Detect and leak fallback or the equipment failure that helps to overcome, solve or prevent equipment.Detecting to leak also helps to make it to be contained in the chemical of equipment use in service.
Described method comprises that providing as described herein in refrigeration and conditioning unit contains refrigeration agent and Ultraluminescence dyestuff or contain heat transfer fluid and the composition of Ultraluminescence dyestuff and optional solubilizing agent as described herein, and adopts the appropriate device detection to contain the refrigeration agent of UV fluorescence dye.The appropriate device that is used to detect described dyestuff includes but not limited to ultraviolet lamp, and it is commonly called " black light " or " blue light ".This ultraviolet lamp can obtain by the source of commercial channel from many special designs for this purpose.Contain the composition of Ultraluminescence dyestuff and make it in case in refrigeration or conditioning unit, add, just can find leakage by making described ultra violet lamp on this equipment and near any leakage point, observe the fluorescence of this dyestuff at the total system internal recycle.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind ofly use composition of the present invention to produce the method for refrigeration or heating, wherein this method comprises by near the described composition of the evaporation object that will be cooled and makes described composition condensation produce refrigeration then; Perhaps make described composition evaporation produce heating then by near the described composition of condensation wanting heated object.Contain in the situation of refrigeration with Ultraluminescence dyestuff and/or solubilizing agent or heat transfer fluid composition at composition of the present invention, the refrigeration agent of said composition or heat transfer fluid component are evaporated condensation then to produce refrigeration, and perhaps condensation is evaporated then to produce heating.
Mechanical refrigeration mainly is that a kind of thermodynamics is used, and wherein heat-eliminating medium such as refrigeration agent circulate, thereby it can be recovered with recycling.Circulation commonly used comprises vapour compression, absorption, vapo(u)r blasting or steam injector and air.
Vapor compression refrigeration system comprises vaporizer, compressor, condenser and expansion gear.Steam compression cycle is reused refrigeration agent in multistep, produce refrigeration and produce heats in another step in a step.This circulation can be simply as described below.Liquid refrigerant enters vaporizer by expansion gear, and liquid refrigerant low-temperature boiling in vaporizer forms gas and produces cooling.Low-pressure gas enters compressor, and here gas is compressed to improve its pressure and temperature.Then, high pressure (compression) gas refrigerant enters in the condenser, in condenser condensation of refrigerant and with its heat release in environment.Refrigeration agent is got back to expansion gear, and liquid is expanded to low pressure level in the vaporizer by the high-pressure horizontal of this expansion gear from condenser, thereby repeats this circulation.
The compressor that the multiple purposes that can be used for freezing is arranged.Compressor usually can be according to the mechanical means of compressed fluid, is divided into reciprocating type, rotary, jet-type, centrifugal, vartex, spiral or axial-flow type; Perhaps how to act on and want compressed fluid, be divided into positive-displacement compressor (for example, reciprocating type, vartex or spiral) or dynamic compressors (for example, centrifugal or jet-type) according to mechanical component.
Positive displacement or dynamic compressors all can be used in the method for the present invention.For refrigerant composition of the present invention, radial compressor is preferred equipment.
Radial compressor uses rotating part that refrigeration agent is radially quickened, and it generally includes impeller and the scatterer that is arranged in shell.Radial compressor sucks fluid at the central inlet place of impeller eye or annular impeller usually, and it is radially outwards quickened.Certain static pressure takes place in impeller raise, but the rising of most of pressure occurs in the scatterer part of shell, here speed is converted into static pressure.Each impeller-scatterer group is the one-level of compressor.According to the pressure and the refrigerant volume to be processed of ultimate demand, radial compressor can have 1 to 12 or more multistage.
The pressure ratio of compressor, or compression ratio are the ratios of absolute top hole pressure and absolute intake pressure.In practice, the pressure by the radial compressor transmission is constant for large-scale relatively capacity.
Positive-displacement compressor is drawn into steam in the chamber, and the volume that reduces chamber then is with compressed vapour.After the compression, by further the volume of chamber being reduced to 0 or be almost 0 and steam is expelled in chamber.The pressure that positive-displacement compressor can be realized only is subjected to volumetric efficiency and bears the restriction of the part strength of pressure.
Different with positive-displacement compressor, radial compressor depends on the centrifugal force of quick runner compression by the steam of this impeller fully.Wherein there is not any active displacement, but is called as the mode of dynamic compression.The pressure that radial compressor can reach depends on the tip velocity (tipspeed) of impeller.Tip velocity is the impeller speed of measuring in impeller tip, and its diameter and rotations per minute with impeller is relevant.The capacity of radial compressor is determined by the channel size by impeller.This makes the size of compressor depend on pressure (comparing with capacity) more.The machine of a kind of high volume, low pressure because its high-speed cruising, radial compressor are fundamentally said so.Radial compressor and low pressure refrigerant such as trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) or 1,2, it is best that 2-Refrigerant R 113 (CFC-113) is worked together.
The large centrifugal compressor is usually in 3000-7000 rev/min (rpm) operation down.The small sized turbine radial compressor is designed to about 40, and about 70,000 (rpm) of 000-are operation down at a high speed, and its impeller size is very little, usually less than 0.15 meter.
Multi-stage impeller can be used for radial compressor improving compressor efficiency, thereby in use needs littler power.For level two, be in operation, the ejecta of first step impeller enters the suction port of second stage impeller.Two impellers can use same rod (or axle) operation.Every grade can both reach about 4: 1 compression ratio; That is, absolute top hole pressure can be 4 times of absolute intake pressure.The example of secondary centrifugal compressor system, in the situation of automobile purposes, as U.S. Patent No. 5,065, described in 990, this patent mode is by reference incorporated this paper into.
Be applicable to the refrigeration that adopts radial compressor or the composition of the present invention in the air-conditioning system comprise following one of at least:
PFBE and 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
PFBE and 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
PFBE and acetone;
PFBE and 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
PFBE and 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
PFBE and methyl alcohol;
PFBE and ethanol;
PFBE and n-propyl alcohol;
PFBE and Virahol;
PFBE and 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
PFBE and 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
PFBE and 2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
PFBE and hexafluoroisopropanol;
PFBE and 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
PFBE and suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
PFBE and anti--1,2-dichloroethene;
PFBE and diisopropyl ether;
PFBE and 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
PFBE and Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
PFBE and methyl tertiary butyl ether;
PFBE and methyl acetate;
PFBE and methyl-formiate;
PFBE and ethyl acetate;
PFBE and ethyl formate;
PFBE and 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
PFBE and N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine.
These compositions of listing above also are applicable to multistage centrifugal compressor, preferred secondary radial compressor equipment.
Composition of the present invention can be used for fixing formula air-conditioning, heat pump or mobile air conditioner and refrigeration system.Fixed air-conditioning and heat pump application comprise window formula, pipe free, tubular type, end seal formula, water cooler and civilian, comprise sealing roof (packaged rooftop).Refrigeration application comprises family expenses or home-use refrigerator and refrigerator, ice-making machine, provides water cooler and refrigerator for oneself, enters formula cooling station and freezing room and transport refrigeration system.
Composition of the present invention can also be used for adopting air-conditioning, heating and the refrigeration system of fin and tubular heater exchhanger, micro channel heat exchanger and horizontal or vertical single current cast or plate heat exchanger.
Traditional micro channel heat exchanger may not be an ideal for low pressure refrigerant composition of the present invention.Low operating pressure and density cause the high flow rate and the high frictionloss of all components.In these situations, can revise the design of vaporizer.Can use veneer/single current heat exchanger arrangement, rather than several microchannel plate series connection (with respect to refrigerant pass) connect.Therefore, for low pressure refrigerant of the present invention, preferred heat exchanger is veneer/single current heat exchanger.
Except secondary or other multistage centrifugal compressor equipment, following composition of the present invention is applicable in the refrigeration or conditioning unit of employing veneer/single current heat exchanger:
PFBE and 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
PFBE and 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
PFBE and acetone;
PFBE and 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
PFBE and 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
PFBE and methyl alcohol;
PFBE and ethanol;
PFBE and n-propyl alcohol;
PFBE and Virahol;
PFBE and 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
PFBE and 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
PFBE and 2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
PFBE and hexafluoroisopropanol;
PFBE and 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
PFBE and suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
PFBE and anti--1,2-dichloroethene;
PFBE and diisopropyl ether;
PFBE and 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
PFBE and Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
PFBE and methyl tertiary butyl ether;
PFBE and methyl acetate;
PFBE and methyl-formiate;
PFBE and ethyl acetate;
PFBE and ethyl formate;
PFBE and 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
PFBE and N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine.
Composition of the present invention is particularly useful for little turbine radial compressor (miniature radial compressor), and it can or move in refrigeration and other purposes and use at automobile and window air conditioner, heat pump.These miniature efficiently radial compressors can be used motor drive, so its operation can be irrelevant with motor speed.The constant compressor speed allows system that relative constant cooling power is provided under all motor speed.This provides the chance of comparing improvement efficient under higher motor speed with traditional R-134a automotive air-conditioning system.When considering the cyclical operation of legacy system under high actuating speed, the advantage of these lp systems even bigger.
Perhaps, turbine that miniature radial compressor can drive by engine exhaust or the proportional gear-driven assembly of belt-driven with proportional (ratioed) provide power, rather than electrification.The available power supply is about 14 volts in the Automobile Design at present, but new miniature radial compressor needs about 50 volts power supply.Therefore, it will be favourable using substituting propulsion source.The turbine that is driven by engine exhaust provides the refrigeration of power or conditioning unit to be the U.S. Patent application No.11/367 that on March 2nd, 2006 submitted to, has a detailed description in 517, and this paper is incorporated in this patent application by reference into.Provide the refrigeration of power or conditioning unit to be the U.S. Patent application No.11/378 that on March 17th, 2006 submitted to by proportional gear-driven assembly, have a detailed description in 832, this paper is incorporated in this patent application by reference into.Low pressure refrigerant fluids more of the present invention can be adapted at being used as in the existing centrifugal equipment formula of sneaking into (drop-in) substitute of CFC-113.
In cleaning purposes such as steam degreasing agent or deflux, composition may run off by the leakage in shaft seal, hose connection, solder joint and the pipeline that breaks in operating process.And working group's compound may be released in the atmosphere between the defects liability period of equipment.If said composition is not pure compound or azeotropic or Azeotrope-like compositions, when its slave unit leaks or is discharged into atmosphere, to form and may change, this may cause in the equipment remaining composition to become combustible or show unacceptable performance.Therefore, need to use single fluorinated hydrocarbons or leak or boiling in the negligible azeotropic of its fractionating degree or Azeotrope-like compositions as cleaning compositions.
In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of generation refrigerating method, this method is evaporated composition of the present invention near being included in the object that will be cooled, and makes described composition condensation then.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of method that produces heating, this method is included in wants near the condensation composition of the present invention of heated object, makes described composition evaporation then.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of heat is delivered to the method for heat sink from thermal source, composition wherein of the present invention plays the effect of heat transfer fluid.Described heat transfer method comprises composition of the present invention is transported to heat sink from thermal source.
Heat transfer fluid be used for by radiation, conduction or convection current with heat from space, position, target or an object transfer, move or be moved out to different spaces, position, target or object.Heat transfer fluid can be by providing the effect of playing secondary coolant from the method for long-range refrigeration (or heating) systems communicate cooling (or heating).In some systems, heat transfer fluid can keep steady state (that is, can not evaporate or condensation) in whole transmittance process.Perhaps, evaporating and cooling method also can use heat transfer fluid.
Thermal source can be defined as need be from wherein transmitting, move or shift out any space, position, target or the object of heat.The example of thermal source can be to need refrigeration or refrigerative space (open or airtight), for example refrigerator in the supermarket or refrigerator, the car passenger cabin that needs to regulate the space of air or need to regulate air.Heat sink can be defined as any space, position, target or the object that can absorb heat.Vapor compression refrigeration system is an example of this heat sink.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to produce the refrigerative method, this method is included in the turbine that is driven by engine exhaust distilled edition inventive composition in the miniature radial compressor of power is provided; Make described composition condensation; Near the object that will be cooled, evaporate described composition then.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to produce the refrigerative method, this method is included in by having the proportional gear-driven assembly of proportional belt-driven distilled edition inventive composition in the miniature radial compressor of power is provided; Make described composition condensation; Near the object that will be cooled, evaporate described composition then.
In an embodiment of the invention, Azeotrope compositions of the present invention is effective cleaning agent, deflux and grease-removing agent.Particularly, when the circuit card that goes to weld had the assembly of for example flip-chip, μ BGA (ball grid array) and chip-scale or other senior high density packing assembly, Azeotrope compositions of the present invention was useful.Flip-chip, μ BGA and chip-scale are to describe the term of the high density packing assembly that is used for semi-conductor industry, are known for these those skilled in the art.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind ofly from the surface or the substrate method of removing resistates, this method comprises: surface or substrate are contacted with composition of the present invention, recover this surface or substrate from said composition then.
In a method embodiment of the present invention, surface or substrate can be integrated circuit (IC) apparatus, and in this case, resistates comprises solder flux or oil.Integrated circuit (IC) apparatus can be the circuit card with various assemblies such as flip-chip, μ BGA or wafer-level package assembly.Surface or substrate can also be metallic surface such as stainless steel.Solder flux can be an any kind commonly used in the welding of integrated circuit (IC) apparatus, includes but not limited to RMA (weak activation rosin), RA (activation rosin), WS (water miscible) and OA (organic acid).The oil resistates includes but not limited to mineral oil, machine oil and silicone oil.
In the method for the invention, the method for surface in contact or substrate is unimportant, can be by device being immersed in the bath that contains said composition, spraying described device or adopt and carry out through the wetting described device of matrix wiping of said composition with said composition.Perhaps, also can be designed for the vapour degreasing of removing this resistates or go to use in the soldering equipment said composition.Can from a plurality of suppliers for example Forward Technology (Grest Group, Trenton, the Subsidiary Company of NJ), Trek Industries (Azusa, CA) and Ultronix, (Halfield PA) obtains such vapour degreasing or remove soldering equipment to Inc..
The effective composition that is used for removing from the surface resistates is that kauri resin butanols (Kauri-Butanol) value (Kb) is at least about 10, and is preferred about 40, more preferably from about 100 composition.The kauri-butanol number of specified composition (Kb) has reflected the ability of the multiple organic residue of described composition dissolves (for example, machine and conventional refrigeration lubricant).The Kb value can be measured by ASTM D-1133-94.
Following examples are intended to explain the present invention, rather than the expression restriction.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The influence of steam leakage
Under assigned temperature, initial composition packed in the container, measure the initial vapour pressure of composition.Composition is leaked from container, keep constant temperature simultaneously, be moved out of up to the initial composition of 50wt%, at this moment, the vapour pressure of remaining composition in the measuring vessel.The result is summarised in the following table 6.
Table 6
| Compound wt％A/wt％B | Initially Psia | Initially kPa | After leaking 50% Psia | After leaking 50% kPa | δ P％ |
| PFBE/4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 51.6/48.4 60/40 70/30 75/25 76/24 100/0 40/60 30/70 28/72 0/100 | 14.70 14.70 14.70 14.70 14.70 6.95 14.70 14.70 14.70 7.79 | 101.35 101.35 101.35 101.35 101.35 47.92 101.35 101.35 101.35 53.71 | 14.70 14.70 14.70 14.70 14.70 6.95 14.70 14.69 14.59 7.79 | 101.35 101.35 101.35 101.35 101.35 47.92 101.35 101.28 100.60 53.71 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.7％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 0/100 1/99 10/90 20/80 30/70 40/60 50/50 60/40 70/30 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 | 16.13 16.09 15.66 15.07 14.68 14.17 13.65 13.11 12.56 11.99 11.41 10.86 10.80 | 111.21 110.94 107.97 103.90 101.22 97.70 94.11 90.39 86.60 82.67 78.67 74.88 74.46 | 16.13 16.08 15.56 14.98 14.40 13.83 13.27 12.72 12.19 11.69 11.22 10.84 10.80 | 111.21 110.87 107.28 103.28 99.29 95.36 91.49 87.70 84.05 80.60 77.36 74.74 74.46 | 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.6％ 0.6％ 1.9％ 2.4％ 2.8％ 3.0％ 2.9％ 2.5％ 1.7％ 0.2％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 0/100 1/99 10/90 20/80 30/70 | 7.45 7.50 7.93 8.36 8.75 | 51.37 51.71 54.68 57.64 60.33 | 7.45 7.48 7.80 8.17 8.53 | 51.37 51.57 53.78 56.33 58.81 | 0.0％ 0.3％ 1.6％ 2.3％ 2.5％ |
| 40/60 50/50 60/40 70/30 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 | 9.11 9.44 9.75 10.04 10.31 10.56 10.78 10.80 | 62.81 65.09 67.22 69.22 71.09 72.81 74.33 74.46 | 8.89 9.24 9.58 9.90 10.21 10.51 10.77 10.80 | 61.29 63.71 66.05 68.26 70.40 72.46 74.26 74.46 | 2.4％ 2.1％ 1.7％ 1.4％ 1.0％ 0.5％ 0.1％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene (49.8 ℃) | |||||
| 57.7/42.3 80/20 85/15 86/14 100/0 40/60 20/80 10/90 1/99 0/100 | 14.68 14.25 13.96 13.88 10.72 14.42 13.34 12.33 11.06 10.89 | 101.22 98.25 96.25 95.70 73.91 99.42 91.98 85.01 76.26 75.08 | 14.68 13.50 12.60 12.38 10.72 14.14 12.44 11.55 10.94 10.89 | 101.22 93.08 86.87 85.36 73.91 97.49 85.77 79.63 75.43 75.08 | 0.0％ 5.3％ 9.7％ 10.8％ 0.0％ 1.9％ 6.7％ 6.3％ 1.1％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene (56.9 ℃) | |||||
| 55.3/44.7 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 40/60 20/80 10/90 1/99 0/100 | 14.71 14.45 14.16 13.75 13.70 14.62 14.28 14.01 13.71 13.67 | 101.42 99.63 97.63 94.80 94.46 100.80 98.46 96.60 94.53 94.25 | 14.71 14.40 14.10 13.74 13.70 14.61 14.23 13.97 13.70 13.67 | 101.42 99.29 97.22 94.73 94.46 100.73 98.11 96.32 94.46 94.25 | 0.0％ 0.3％ 0.4％ 0.1％ 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.4％ 0.3％ 0.1％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ acetone (41.5 ℃) | |||||
| 76.0/24.0 89/11 90/10 100/0 60/40 54/46 0/100 | 14.71 14.51 14.45 7.91 14.67 14.65 8.67 | 101.42 100.04 99.63 54.54 101.15 101.01 59.78 | 14.71 13.39 12.85 7.91 14.58 14.03 8.67 | 101.42 92.32 88.60 54.54 100.53 96.73 59.78 | 0.0％ 7.7％ 11.1％ 0.0％ 0.6％ 4.2％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 0/100 1/99 10/90 20/80 40/60 50/50 60/40 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 | 5.79 5.86 6.49 7.13 8.25 8.75 9.21 10.05 10.44 10.76 10.80 | 39.92 40.40 44.75 49.16 56.88 60.33 63.50 69.29 71.98 74.19 74.46 | 5.79 5.83 6.20 6.67 7.71 8.24 8.77 9.81 10.31 10.75 10.80 | 39.92 40.20 42.75 45.99 53.16 56.81 60.47 67.64 71.09 74.12 74.46 | 0.0％ 0.5％ 4.5％ 6.5％ 6.5％ 5.8％ 4.8％ 2.4％ 1.2％ 0.1％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 0/100 1/99 10/90 20/80 40/60 50/50 60/40 | 9.54 9.56 9.73 9.90 10.19 10.31 10.43 | 65.78 65.91 67.09 68.26 70.26 71.09 71.91 | 9.54 9.56 9.72 9.88 10.16 10.29 10.41 | 65.78 65.91 67.02 68.12 70.05 70.95 71.77 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.2％ 0.3％ 0.2％ 0.2％ |
| 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 | 10.63 10.72 10.79 10.80 | 73.29 73.91 74.39 74.46 | 10.62 10.71 10.79 10.80 | 73.22 73.84 74.39 74.46 | 0.1％ 0.1％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ methyl alcohol (44.2 ℃) | |||||
| 91.9/8.1 95/5 96/4 100/0 80/20 77/23 0/100 | 14.70 14.70 14.70 8.75 14.70 14.70 5.96 | 101.35 101.35 101.35 60.33 101.35 101.35 41.09 | 14.70 14.70 14.70 8.75 14.70 14.70 5.96 | 101.35 101.35 101.35 60.33 101.35 101.35 41.09 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ ethanol (49.4 ℃) | |||||
| 93.2/6.8 95/5 97/3 100/0 80/20 77/23 76/24 0/100 | 14.69 14.69 14.69 10.57 14.69 14.69 14.69 4.14 | 101.28 101.28 101.28 72.88 101.28 101.28 101.28 28.54 | 14.69 14.69 13.27 10.57 14.69 14.69 14.69 4.14 | 101.28 101.28 91.49 72.88 101.28 101.28 101.28 28.54 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 9.7％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ n-propyl alcohol (54.2 ℃) | |||||
| 95.9/4.1 97/3 98/2 100/0 80/20 76/24 0/100 | 14.67 14.67 14.67 12.50 14.67 14.67 2.20 | 101.15 101.15 101.15 86.19 101.15 101.15 15.17 | 14.67 14.67 14.52 12.50 14.67 14.67 2.20 | 101.15 101.15 100.11 86.19 101.15 101.15 15.17 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 1.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ Virahol (50.9 ℃) | |||||
| 92.7/7.3 95/5 97/3 100/0 80/20 75/25 73/27 0/100 | 14.69 14.69 14.69 11.15 10.57 14.69 14.69 14.69 | 101.28 101.28 101.28 76.88 72.88 101.28 101.28 101.28 | 14.69 14.69 13.27 11.15 10.57 14.69 14.69 14.69 | 101.28 101.28 91.49 76.88 72.88 101.28 101.28 101.28 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 9.7％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (48.6 ℃) | |||||
| 84.7/15.3 90/10 93/7 100/0 60/40 58/42 0/100 | 14.68 14.68 14.68 10.27 14.68 14.68 4.51 | 101.22 101.22 101.22 70.81 101.22 101.22 31.10 | 14.68 14.67 13.47 10.27 14.68 14.68 4.51 | 101.22 101.15 92.87 70.81 101.22 101.22 31.10 | 0.0％ 0.1％ 8.2％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol (51.2 ℃) | |||||
| 82.5/17.5 90/10 92/8 91/9 100/0 60/40 55/45 51/49 50/50 0/100 | 14.67 14.66 14.64 14.65 11.26 14.66 14.66 14.66 14.66 3.80 | 101.15 101.08 100.94 101.01 77.64 101.08 101.08 101.08 101.08 26.20 | 14.67 14.44 13.05 14.08 11.26 14.65 14.65 14.64 14.58 3.80 | 101.15 99.56 89.98 97.08 77.64 101.01 101.01 100.94 100.53 26.20 | 0.0％ 1.5％ 10.9％ 3.9％ 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.1％ 0.1％ 0.5％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/2,2,3,3-C3-Fluoroalcohol (57.1 ℃) | |||||
| 93.3/6.7 95/5 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 60/40 59/41 0/100 | 14.72 14.70 14.26 13.79 14.59 14.52 14.47 14.47 2.02 | 101.49 101.35 98.32 95.08 100.60 100.11 99.77 99.77 13.93 | 14.72 14.67 13.94 13.79 14.49 14.41 14.11 11.67 2.02 | 101.49 101.15 96.11 95.08 99.91 99.35 97.29 80.46 13.93 | 0.0％ 0.2％ 2.2％ 0.0％ 0.7％ 0.8％ 2.5％ 19.4％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ hexafluoroisopropanol (48.8 ℃) | |||||
| 55.9/44.1 80/20 86/14 87/13 100/0 40/60 30/70 28/72 27/73 0/100 | 14.68 14.05 13.36 13.09 10.35 14.54 14.30 14.23 14.04 9.89 | 101.22 96.87 92.11 90.25 71.36 100.25 98.60 98.11 96.80 68.19 | 14.68 13.13 12.15 11.98 10.35 14.27 13.21 12.83 12.47 9.89 | 101.22 90.53 83.77 82.60 71.36 98.39 91.08 88.46 85.98 68.19 | 0.0％ 6.5％ 9.1％ 8.5％ 0.0％ 1.9％ 7.6％ 9.8％ 11.2％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/1,1-ethylene dichloride (44.5 ℃) | |||||
| 63.9/36.1 80/20 84/16 85/15 100/0 40/60 39/61 38/62 | 14.71 14.46 14.22 14.14 8.85 14.56 14.55 14.54 | 101.42 99.70 98.04 97.49 61.02 100.39 100.32 100.25 | 14.71 13.78 12.90 12.61 8.85 13.60 13.30 12.90 | 101.42 95.01 88.94 86.94 61.02 93.77 91.70 88.94 | 0.0％ 4.7％ 9.3％ 10.8％ 0.0％ 6.6％ 8.6％ 11.3％ |
| 0/100 | 9.44 | 65.09 | 9.44 | 65.09 | 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ is suitable-1,2-dichloroethene (50.4 ℃) | |||||
| 66.1/33.9 80/20 90/10 95/5 99/1 100/0 40/60 35/65 34/66 0/100 | 14.69 14.43 13.56 12.61 11.36 10.95 14.31 14.16 14.13 10.45 | 101.28 99.49 93.49 86.94 78.32 75.50 98.66 97.63 97.42 72.05 | 14.69 14.15 12.77 11.82 11.10 10.95 13.53 12.85 12.69 10.45 | 101.28 97.56 88.05 81.50 76.53 75.50 93.29 88.60 87.50 72.05 | 0.0％ 1.9％ 5.8％ 6.3％ 2.3％ 0.0％ 5.5％ 9.3％ 10.2％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ is anti--1,2-dichloroethene (41.3 ℃) | |||||
| 52.8/47.2 60/40 79/21 80/20 100/0 40/60 30/70 22/78 21/79 0/100 | 14.71 14.68 18.92 13.99 7.85 14.64 14.46 14.20 14.16 11.80 | 101.42 101.22 130.45 96.46 54.12 100.94 99.70 97.91 97.63 81.36 | 14.71 14.63 17.25 12.51 7.85 14.47 13.75 12.81 12.70 11.80 | 101.42 100.87 118.94 86.25 54.12 99.77 94.80 88.32 87.56 81.36 | 0.0％ 0.3％ 8.8％ 10.6％ 0.0％ 1.2％ 4.9％ 9.8％ 10.3％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ Di Iso Propyl Ether (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 0/100 1/99 10/90 20/80 40/60 | 8.02 8.04 8.17 8.33 8.70 | 55.30 55.43 56.33 57.43 59.98 | 8.02 8.03 8.13 8.26 8.59 | 55.30 55.37 56.05 56.95 59.23 | 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.5％ 0.8％ 1.3％ |
| 60/40 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 | 9.18 9.84 10.26 10.74 10.80 | 63.29 67.84 70.74 74.05 74.46 | 9.04 9.71 10.18 10.70 10.80 | 62.33 66.95 70.19 73.77 74.46 | 1.5％ 1.3％ 0.8％ 0.4％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/1,2-glycol dimethyl ether (58.1 ℃) | |||||
| 92.7/7.3 95/5 99/1 100/0 80/20 70/30 65/35 64/36 63/37 0/100 | 14.67 14.65 14.39 14.26 14.29 13.83 13.60 13.55 13.50 6.30 | 101.15 101.01 99.22 98.32 98.53 95.36 93.77 93.42 93.08 43.44 | 14.67 14.64 14.37 14.26 13.99 13.03 12.38 12.23 12.06 6.30 | 101.15 100.94 99.08 98.32 96.46 89.84 85.36 84.32 83.15 43.44 | 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.1％ 0.0％ 2.1％ 5.8％ 9.0％ 9.7％ 10.7％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ Methylal(dimethoxymethane) (40.6 ℃) | |||||
| 53.7/46.3 80/20 81/19 82/18 100/0 40/60 20/80 10/90 1/99 0/100 | 14.71 14.03 13.95 13.86 7.65 14.63 14.13 13.53 12.54 12.38 | 101.42 96.73 96.18 95.56 52.75 100.87 97.42 93.29 86.46 85.36 | 14.71 12.84 12.62 12.38 7.65 14.47 13.05 12.56 12.39 12.38 | 101.42 88.53 87.01 85.36 52.75 99.77 89.98 86.60 85.43 85.36 | 0.0％ 8.5％ 9.5％ 10.7％ 0.0％ 1.1％ 7.6％ 7.2％ 1.2％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ methyl tertiary butyl ether (57.2 ℃) | |||||
| 69.5/30.5 | 14.71 | 101.42 | 14.71 | 101.42 | 0.0％ |
| 80/20 90/10 95/5 99/1 100/0 40/60 20/80 10/90 1/99 0/100 | 14.65 14.41 14.19 13.92 13.84 14.47 14.17 14.00 13.84 13.82 | 101.01 99.35 97.84 95.98 95.42 99.77 97.70 96.53 95.42 95.29 | 14.64 14.38 14.15 13.91 13.84 14.43 14.12 13.97 13.84 13.82 | 100.94 99.15 97.56 95.91 95.42 99.49 97.35 96.32 95.42 95.29 | 0.1％ 0.2％ 0.3％ 0.1％ 0.0％ 0.3％ 0.4％ 0.2％ 0.0％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ methyl acetate (41.9 ℃) | |||||
| 72.4/27.6 80/20 87/13 88/12 100/0 60/40 50/50 49/51 0/100 | 14.68 14.66 14.50 14.45 8.03 14.66 14.63 14.63 8.45 | 101.22 101.08 99.97 99.63 55.37 101.08 100.87 100.87 58.26 | 14.68 14.56 13.36 12.90 8.03 14.61 14.30 13.95 8.45 | 101.22 100.39 92.11 88.94 55.37 100.73 98.60 96.18 58.26 | 0.0％ 0.7％ 7.9％ 10.7％ 0.0％ 0.3％ 2.3％ 4.6％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ methyl-formiate (26.0 ℃) | |||||
| 57.2/42.8 70/30 80/20 83/17 84/16 100/0 40/60 38/62 37/63 | 14.72 14.71 14.67 14.63 14.62 4.24 14.71 14.71 14.71 | 101.49 101.42 101.15 100.87 100.80 29.23 101.42 101.42 101.42 | 14.72 14.67 14.21 13.46 12.95 4.24 14.70 14.70 14.66 | 101.49 101.15 97.98 92.80 89.29 29.23 101.35 101.35 101.08 | 0.0％ 0.3％ 3.1％ 8.0％ 11.4％ 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.1％ 0.3％ |
| 0/100 | 11.12 | 76.67 | 11.12 | 76.67 | 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ ethyl acetate (56.8 ℃) | |||||
| 87.3/12.7 95/5 99/1 100/0 60/40 58/42 57/43 0/100 | 14.70 14.43 13.88 13.65 13.89 13.81 13.77 7.54 | 101.35 99.49 95.70 94.11 95.77 95.22 94.94 51.99 | 14.70 14.33 13.81 13.65 12.78 12.48 12.31 7.54 | 101.35 98.80 95.22 94.11 88.12 86.05 84.87 51.99 | 0.0％ 0.7％ 0.5％ 0.0％ 8.0％ 9.6％ 10.6％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/ ethyl formate (40.4 ℃) | |||||
| 68.8/31.2 80/20 85/15 86/14 87/13 100/0 50/50 46/54 45/55 0/100 | 14.67 14.60 14.46 14.42 14.36 7.59 14.63 14.61 14.61 9.12 | 101.15 100.66 99.70 99.42 99.01 52.33 100.87 100.73 100.73 62.88 | 14.67 14.34 13.40 13.02 12.56 7.59 14.47 13.88 13.11 9.12 | 101.15 98.87 92.39 89.77 86.60 52.33 99.77 95.70 90.39 62.88 | 0.0％ 1.8％ 7.3％ 9.7％ 12.5％ 0.0％ 1.1％ 5.0％ 10.3％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene (50.0 ℃) | |||||
| 0/100 1/99 10/90 20/80 40/60 50/50 60/40 | 13.54 13.52 13.38 13.20 12.77 12.51 12.23 | 93.36 93.22 92.25 91.01 88.05 86.25 84.32 | 13.54 13.52 13.36 13.16 12.68 12.41 12.11 | 93.36 93.22 92.11 90.74 87.43 85.56 83.50 | 0.0％ 0.0％ 0.1％ 0.3％ 0.7％ 0.8％ 1.0％ |
| 80/20 90/10 99/1 100/0 | 11.58 11.21 10.84 10.80 | 79.84 77.29 74.74 74.46 | 11.48 11.14 10.83 10.80 | 79.15 76.81 74.67 74.46 | 0.9％ 0.6％ 0.1％ 0.0％ |
| PFBE/N-(difluoromethyl)-N, N-dimethyl amine (46.8 ℃) | |||||
| 44.2/55.8 20/80 10/90 1/99 0/100 60/40 80/20 89/19 90/10 91/9 92/8 99/1 100/0 | 14.70 14.42 14.12 13.72 13.67 14.55 13.59 12.48 12.31 12.12 11.92 10.00 9.63 | 101.35 99.42 97.35 94.60 94.25 100.32 93.70 86.05 84.87 83.56 82.19 68.95 66.40 | 14.70 14.28 13.97 13.70 13.67 14.44 12.84 11.44 11.26 11.09 10.91 9.76 9.63 | 101.35 98.46 96.32 94.46 94.25 99.56 88.53 78.88 77.64 76.46 75.22 67.29 66.40 | 0.0％ 1.0％ 1.1％ 0.1％ 0.0％ 0.8％ 5.5％ 8.3％ 8.5％ 8.5％ 8.5％ 2.4％ 0.0％ |
The result shows, for composition of the present invention, and initial composition and remove difference between the vapour pressure of remaining composition after the 50wt% less than about 10wt%.This shows that composition of the present invention is azeotropic or nearly azeotropic.
Embodiment 2
Tip velocity is to form pressure
Tip velocity can be by using radial compressor some fundamental relations of refrigeration equipment estimate.Ideally, the impeller moment of torsion of giving gas is defined as:
T=m* (v
2* r
2-v
1* r
1) equation 1
Wherein,
The T=moment of torsion, Newton meter (n.m.)
The m=mass velocity, kg/ second
v
2=leave the tangential speed (tip velocity) of the refrigeration agent of impeller, meter per second
r
2The radius of=outlet impeller, rice
v
1=enter the tangential speed of the refrigeration agent of impeller, meter per second
r
1The radius of=impeller eye, rice
Suppose that refrigeration agent enters impeller with axial substantially direction, the tangential component v of speed
1=0,
Therefore:
T=m*v
2* r
2Equation 2
The power that the axle place needs is the long-pending of moment of torsion and speed of rotation:
P=T* ω equation 3
Wherein,
P=power, watt
ω=circular frequency, radian per second
Therefore,
P=T* ω=m*v
2* r
2* the ω equation 4
When low refrigeration agent flow velocity, the tip velocity of impeller and the tangential speed of refrigeration agent are almost equal; Therefore
r
2* ω=v
2Equation 5
And
P=m*v
2* v
2Equation 6
Another expression formula of ideal power is the long-pending of mass velocity and compression isentropic work,
P=m*H
i* (1000J/kJ) equation 7
Wherein
H
i=enthalpy difference from the saturation steam of evaporation conditions to saturated condensing condition refrigeration agent, kJ/kg.
In conjunction with two expression formula equatioies 6 and 7, obtain
v
2* v
2=1000*H
iEquation 8
Although equation 8 is based on some basic assumptions, it provides the good estimation to the impeller tip velocity, and the relatively important method of refrigeration agent tip velocity is provided.
Following table has shown 1,2 of calculating, the theoretical tip velocity of 2-Refrigerant R 113 (CFC-113) and composition of the present invention.For this condition of relatively imagining is:
Evaporator temperature 40.0 (4.4 ℃)
Condenser temperature 110.0 (43.3 ℃)
Liquid supercooling temperature 10.0 (5.5 ℃)
Suction temperature 75.0 (23.8 ℃)
Compressor efficiency is 70%
These are representative conditions that little turbine radial compressor adopts.
Table 7
| Refrigerant composition | Wt％ PFBE | Wt％B | Hi Btu/1b | Hi*0.7 Btu/1b | Hi*0.7 KJ/Kg | V2 m/s | V2 with respect to CFC-113 |
| CFC-113 | 100 | 10.92 | 7.6 | 17.8 | 133.3 | na | |
| PFBE adds B: | |||||||
| 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene | 51.6 | 48.4 | 11.41 | 8.0 | 18.6 | 136.3 | 102％ |
| 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene | 50.0 | 50.0 | 11.19 | 7.8 | 18.2 | 135.0 | 101％ |
| 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene | 50.0 | 50.0 | 11.29 | 7.9 | 18.4 | 135.6 | 102％ |
| 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 57.7 | 42.3 | 11.51 | 8.1 | 18.7 | 136.9 | 103％ |
| 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 55.3 | 44.7 | 11.48 | 8.0 | 18.7 | 136.7 | 103％ |
| Acetone | 76.0 | 24.0 | 14.68 | 10.3 | 23.9 | 154.6 | 116％ |
| 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione | 50.0 | 50.0 | 12.13 | 8.5 | 19.8 | 140.5 | 105％ |
| 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone | 50.0 | 50.0 | 12.35 | 8.6 | 20.1 | 141.8 | 106％ |
| Methyl alcohol | 91.9 | 8.1 | 14.19 | 9.9 | 23.1 | 152.0 | 114％ |
| Ethanol | 93.2 | 6.8 | 13.95 | 9.8 | 22.7 | 150.7 | 113％ |
| N-propyl alcohol | 95.9 | 4.1 | 11.66 | 8.2 | 19.0 | 137.8 | 103％ |
| Virahol | 92.7 | 7.3 | 13.77 | 9.6 | 22.4 | 149.7 | 112％ |
| 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol | 84.7 | 15.3 | 11.92 | 8.3 | 19.4 | 139.3 | 104％ |
| 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol | 82.5 | 17.5 | 12.11 | 8.5 | 19.7 | 140.4 | 105％ |
| 2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol | 93.3 | 6.7 | 10.75 | 7.5 | 17.5 | 132.3 | 99％ |
| Hexafluoroisopropanol | 55.9 | 44.1 | 12.54 | 8.8 | 20.4 | 142.9 | 107％ |
| 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride | 63.9 | 36.1 | 12.388 | 8.7 | 20.2 | 142.0 | 106％ |
| Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene | 66.1 | 33.9 | 11.49 | 8.0 | 18.7 | 136.8 | 103％ |
| Instead-1,2-dichloroethene | 52.8 | 47.3 | 11.6 | 8.1 | 18.9 | 137.4 | 103％ |
| Di Iso Propyl Ether | 50.0 | 50.0 | 19.34 | 13.5 | 31.5 | 177.5 | 133％ |
| 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether | 92.7 | 7.3 | 13.56 | 9.5 | 22.1 | 148.6 | 111％ |
| Methylal(dimethoxymethane) | 53.7 | 46.3 | 16.84 | 11.8 | 27.4 | 165.6 | 124％ |
| Methyl tertiary butyl ether | 69.5 | 30.5 | 16.71 | 11.7 | 27.2 | 164.9 | 124％ |
| Methyl acetate | 72.4 | 27.6 | 13.85 | 9.7 | 22.6 | 150.2 | 113％ |
| Methyl-formiate | 57.2 | 42.8 | 14.36 | 10.1 | 23.4 | 152.9 | 115％ |
| Ethyl acetate | 87.3 | 12.7 | 13.6 | 9.5 | 22.1 | 148.8 | 112％ |
| Ethyl formate | 68.8 | 31.2 | 14.81 | 10.4 | 24.1 | 155.3 | 116％ |
| 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene | 50.0 | 50.0 | 11.75 | 8.2 | 19.1 | 138.3 | 104％ |
| N-(difluoromethyl)-N, N-dimethyl amine | 44.2 | 55.8 | 15.54 | 10.9 | 25.3 | 159.1 | 119％ |
This embodiment shows, the tip velocity of compound of the present invention and changes under the situation of compressor design CFC alternative-113 effectively in inferior limit within pact ± 35% of CFC-113.The preferred compound of tip velocity within pact ± 15% of CFC-113.
Embodiment 3
Performance data
Following table has shown that the performance of various refrigeration agents and CFC-113 compares.Data are based on following condition:
Evaporator temperature 40.0 (4.4 ℃)
Condenser temperature 110.0 (43.3 ℃)
Supercooling temperature 10.0 (5.5 ℃)
Suction temperature 75.0 (23.8 ℃)
Compressor efficiency is 70%
Table 8
| Composition | wt％ PFBE | wt％B | Evaporator pressure (Psia) | Evaporator pressure (kPa) | Condenser pressure (Psia) | Condenser pressure (kPa) | Compressor exit temperature (F) | Compressor exit temperature (C) | COP | Capacity (Btu/ min) | Capacity (kW) |
| PFBE | 1.6 | 11 | 9.6 | 66 | 130.7 | 54.8 | 10.0 | 3.92 | 0.18 | ||
| CFC-113 | 2.7 | 19 | 12.8 | 88 | 156.3 | 69.1 | 14.8 | 4.18 | 0.26 | ||
| PFBE adds B: | |||||||||||
| 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene | 50.0 | 50.0 | 3.1 | 21 | 15.5 | 107 | 135.1 | 57.3 | 18.5 | 3.93 | 0.32 |
| 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene | 50.0 | 50.0 | 1.7 | 12 | 9.5 | 66 | 132 | 55.6 | 10.9 | 3.90 | 0.19 |
| 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 57.7 | 42.3 | 2.1 | 15 | 11.4 | 79 | 139.5 | 59.7 | 13.8 | 4.05 | 0.24 |
| 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene | 55.3 | 44.7 | 1.6 | 11 | 9.0 | 62 | 140.8 | 60.4 | 10.8 | 4.07 | 0.19 |
| Acetone | 76.0 | 24.0 | 3.2 | 22 | 15.4 | 106 | 153.9 | 67.7 | 19.8 | 4.10 | 0.35 |
| 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione | 50.0 | 50.0 | 1.1 | 7 | 6.6 | 45 | 130.4 | 54.7 | 7.3 | 3.95 | 0.13 |
| 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione | 50.0 | 50.0 | 1.4 | 9 | 8.1 | 56 | 130.3 | 54.6 | 9.0 | 3.90 | 0.16 |
| Methyl alcohol | 91.9 | 8.1 | 2.4 | 17 | 13.1 | 90 | 153.7 | 67.6 | 16.5 | 4.2 | 0.29 |
| Ethanol | 93.2 | 6.8 | 2.1 | 14 | 11.2 | 77 | 141.9 | 61.1 | 13.7 | 4.09 | 0.24 |
| N-propyl alcohol | 95.9 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 8 | 9.8 | 67 | 148.6 | 64.8 | 8.1 | 3.33 | 0.14 |
| Virahol | 92.7 | 7.3 | 2.1 | 14 | 10.8 | 74 | 137.1 | 58.4 | 13.4 | 4.13 | 0.23 |
| 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride | 63.9 | 36.1 | 3.0 | 20 | 14.1 | 97 | 155.2 | 68.4 | 18.4 | 4.14 | 0.32 |
| Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene | 66.1 | 33.9 | 2.3 | 16 | 11.5 | 79 | 163.6 | 73.1 | 15.2 | 4.24 | 0.27 |
| Instead-1,2-dichloroethene | 52.8 | 47.3 | 3.3 | 23 | 15.8 | 109 | 170.7 | 77.1 | 21.5 | 4.24 | 0.38 |
| Di Iso Propyl Ether | 50.0 | 50.0 | 1.5 | 11 | 8.3 | 57 | 138.6 | 59.2 | 10.1 | 4.08 | 0.18 |
| 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether | 92.7 | 7.3 | 1.6 | 11 | 8.8 | 60 | 134.1 | 56.7 | 10.3 | 3.97 | 0.18 |
| Methylal(dimethoxymethane) | 53.7 | 46.3 | 3.3 | 23 | 16.2 | 112 | 154.5 | 68.1 | 20.9 | 4.13 | 0.37 |
| Methyl tertiary butyl ether | 69.5 | 30.5 | 1.8 | 12 | 9.1 | 63 | 138.7 | 59.3 | 11.3 | 4.06 | 0.20 |
| Methyl acetate | 72.4 | 27.6 | 2.9 | 20 | 13.1 | 90 | 143.5 | 61.9 | 17.3 | 4.11 | 0.30 |
| Methyl-formiate | 57.2 | 42.8 | 5.6 | 38 | 26.3 | 181 | 175.8 | 79.9 | 34.8 | 4.13 | 0.61 |
| Ethyl acetate | 87.3 | 12.7 | 1.7 | 12 | 9.2 | 63 | 138.4 | 59.1 | 11.1 | 4.04 | 0.19 |
| Ethyl formate | 68.8 | 31.2 | 3.3 | 22 | 16.1 | 111 | 152.3 | 66.8 | 20.6 | 4.12 | 0.36 |
| 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene | 50.0 | 50.0 | 2.3 | 16 | 10.7 | 74 | 144.4 | 62.4 | 13.8 | 4.11 | 0.24 |
| N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine | 44.2 | 55.8 | 2.7 | 19 | 13.1 | 90 | 154.4 | 68.0 | 17.2 | 4.18 | 0.30 |
Data presentation, composition of the present invention and CFC-113 have similar vaporizer and condenser pressure.Some composition also has capacity or the energy efficiency (COP) higher than CFC-113.
Although show and described the specific embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art can further revise and improve.Therefore, hope can be understood, specific form shown in the invention is not restricted to, but mean that claims have contained all changes that do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (31)
1. refrigeration agent or heat transfer fluid composition, it comprises 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and be selected from following at least a compound:
4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
Acetone;
2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
Methyl alcohol;
Ethanol;
N-propyl alcohol;
Virahol;
2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
Hexafluoroisopropanol;
1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
Instead-1,2-dichloroethene;
Diisopropyl ether;
1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
Methyl tertiary butyl ether;
Methyl acetate;
Methyl-formiate;
Ethyl acetate;
Ethyl formate;
4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine.
2. refrigeration agent as claimed in claim 1 or heat transfer fluid composition, wherein said composition is selected from:
PFBE and 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
PFBE and 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
PFBE and 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
PFBE and acetone;
PFBE and 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
PFBE and 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
PFBE and methyl alcohol;
PFBE and ethanol;
PFBE and n-propyl alcohol;
PFBE and Virahol;
PFBE and 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
PFBE and 2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
PFBE and 2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
PFBE and hexafluoroisopropanol;
PFBE and 1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
PFBE and suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
PFBE and anti--1,2-dichloroethene;
PFBE and diisopropyl ether;
PFBE and 1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
PFBE and Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
PFBE and methyl tertiary butyl ether;
PFBE and methyl acetate;
PFBE and methyl-formiate;
PFBE and ethyl acetate;
PFBE and ethyl formate;
PFBE and 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
PFBE and N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine.
3. refrigeration agent as claimed in claim 1 or heat transfer fluid composition, wherein said composition are to be selected from following azeotropic or nearly Azeotrope compositions:
About 28 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 76wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 24 arrive the 4-bromo-3,3,4 of about 72wt%, 4-tetrafluoro butylene;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4 of about 99wt%, 4-seven fluorine butylene;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5 of about 99wt%, 5-nine fluorine butylene;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 85wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 15 arrive the 1-bromo-3,3,4,4 of about 99wt%, 4-five fluorine butylene;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 2-bromo-3,3,4,4 of about 99wt%, 4-five fluorine butylene;
About 54 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 89wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 11 arrive the acetone of about 46wt%;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5 of about 99wt%, 5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive 1,1,1,2,2,5,5 of about 99wt%, 5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
About 77 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 96wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 4 arrive the methyl alcohol of about 23wt%;
About 76 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 97wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 3 arrive the ethanol of about 24wt%;
About 76 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 98wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 2 arrive the n-propyl alcohol of about 24wt%;
About 73 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 97wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 3 arrive the Virahol of about 27wt%;
About 58 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 93wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 7 arrive the 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol of about 42wt%;
About 50 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 91wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 9 arrive 2,2,3,3 of about 50wt%, 3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
About 60 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive 2,2,3 of about 40wt%, 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
About 28 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 86wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 14 arrive the hexafluoroisopropanol of about 72wt%;
About 39 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 84wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 16 arrive 1 of about 61wt%, 1-ethylene dichloride;
About 35 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive suitable-1,2-dichloroethene of about 65wt%;
About 22 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 79wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 21 arrive anti--1,2-dichloroethene of about 78wt%;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the diisopropyl ether of about 99wt%;
About 64 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive 1 of about 36wt%, 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 81wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 19 arrive the Methylal(dimethoxymethane) of about 99wt%;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the methyl tertiary butyl ether of about 99wt%;
About 49 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 87wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 13 arrive the methyl acetate of about 51wt%;
About 37 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 83wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 17 arrive the methyl-formiate of about 63wt%;
About 58 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the ethyl acetate of about 42wt%;
About 46 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 86wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 14 arrive the ethyl formate of about 54wt%;
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3 of about 99wt%, 4-hexafluoro butylene; And
About 1 arrives 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive N-(difluoromethyl)-N of about 99wt%, N-dimethyl amine.
4. refrigeration agent as claimed in claim 1 or heat transfer fluid composition, wherein said composition are to be selected from following azeotropic or nearly Azeotrope compositions:
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 70wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 30 arrive the 4-bromo-3,3,4 of about 60wt%, 4-tetrafluoro butylene;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4 of about 60wt%, 4-seven fluorine butylene;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5 of about 60wt%, 5-nine fluorine butylene;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 85wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 15 arrive the 1-bromo-3,3,4,4 of about 60wt%, 4-five fluorine butylene;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 2-bromo-3,3,4,4 of about 60wt%, 4-five fluorine butylene;
About 60 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 89wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 11 arrive the acetone of about 40wt%;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5 of about 60wt%, 5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive 1,1,1,2,2,5,5 of about 60wt%, 5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
About 80 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 96wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 4 arrive the methyl alcohol of about 20wt%;
About 80 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 97wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 3 arrive the ethanol of about 20wt%;
About 80 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 98wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 2 arrive the n-propyl alcohol of about 20wt%;
About 80 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 97wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 3 arrive the Virahol of about 20wt%;
About 60 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 93wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 7 arrive the 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol of about 40wt%;
About 60 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 91wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 9 arrive 2,2,3,3 of about 40wt%, 3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
About 70 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive 2,2,3 of about 30wt%, 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 86wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 14 arrive the hexafluoroisopropanol of about 60wt%;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 80wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 20 arrive 1 of about 60wt%, 1-ethylene dichloride;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive suitable-1,2-dichloroethene of about 60wt%;
About 30 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 79wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 21 arrive anti--1,2-dichloroethene of about 70wt%;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the diisopropyl ether of about 60wt%;
About 70 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive 1 of about 30wt%, 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
About 20 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 81wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 19 arrive the Methylal(dimethoxymethane) of about 80wt%;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the methyl tertiary butyl ether of about 60wt%;
About 60 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 87wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 13 arrive the methyl acetate of about 40wt%;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 87wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 13 arrive the methyl-formiate of about 60wt%;
About 60 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the ethyl acetate of about 40wt%;
About 50 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 86wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 14 arrive the ethyl formate of about 50wt%;
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive the 4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3 of about 60wt%, 4-hexafluoro butylene; And
About 40 arrive 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of about 99wt%, and 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and about 1 arrive N-(difluoromethyl)-N of about 60wt%, N-dimethyl amine.
5. refrigeration agent as claimed in claim 1 or heat transfer fluid composition, wherein said composition are to be selected from following Azeotrope compositions:
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 51.6wt%, the 4-bromo-3,3,4 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 48.4wt%, 4-tetrafluoro butylene, its vapour pressure under about 38.1 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 57.7wt%, the 1-bromo-3,3,4,4 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 42.3wt%, 4-five fluorine butylene, its vapour pressure under about 49.8 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 55.3wt%, the 2-bromo-3,3,4,4 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 44.7wt%, 4-five fluorine butylene, its vapour pressure under about 56.9 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 76.0wt%, the acetone of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 24.0wt%, its vapour pressure under about 41.5 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 91.9wt%, the methyl alcohol of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 8.1wt%, its vapour pressure under about 44.2 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 93.2wt%, the ethanol of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 6.8wt%, its vapour pressure under about 49.4 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 95.9wt%, the n-propyl alcohol of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 4.1wt%, its vapour pressure under about 54.2 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 92.7wt%, the Virahol of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 7.3wt%, its vapour pressure under about 50.9 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 84.7wt%, the 2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 15.3wt%, its vapour pressure under about 48.6 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 82.5wt%, 2,2,3,3 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 17.5wt%, 3-five fluorine propyl alcohol, its vapour pressure under about 51.2 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 93.3wt%, 2,2,3 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 6.7wt%, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol, its vapour pressure under about 57.1 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 55.9wt%, the hexafluoroisopropanol of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 44.1wt%, its vapour pressure under about 48.8 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 63.9wt%, 1 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 36.1wt%, the 1-ethylene dichloride, its vapour pressure under about 44.5 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 66.1wt%, suitable-1,2-dichloroethene of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 33.9wt%, its vapour pressure under about 50.4 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 52.8wt%, anti--1,2-dichloroethene of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 47.2wt%, its vapour pressure under about 41.3 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 92.7wt%, 1 of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 7.3wt%, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether, its vapour pressure under about 58.1 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 53.7wt%, the Methylal(dimethoxymethane) of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 46.3wt%, its vapour pressure under about 40.6 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 69.5wt%, the methyl tertiary butyl ether of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 30.5wt%, its vapour pressure under about 57.2 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 72.4wt%, the methyl acetate of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 27.6wt%, its vapour pressure under about 41.9 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 57.2wt%, the methyl-formiate of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 42.8wt%, its vapour pressure under about 26.0 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 87.3wt%, the ethyl acetate of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 12.7wt%, its vapour pressure under about 56.8 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 68.8wt%, the ethyl formate of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 31.2wt%, its vapour pressure under about 40.4 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa);
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 of 44.2wt%, N-(difluoromethyl)-N of 6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes and 55.8wt%, the N-dimethyl amine, its vapour pressure under about 46.8 ℃ temperature is about 14.7psia (101kPa).
6. one kind produces the refrigerating method, and described method is evaporated described refrigeration agent of claim 1 or heat transfer composition near being included in the object that will be cooled, and makes described composition condensation then.
7. method that produces heating, described method are included in wants described refrigeration agent of condensation claim 1 or heat transfer composition near the heated object, makes described composition evaporation then.
8. heat-transferring method, described method comprise the described composition of claim 1 are transported to heat sink from thermal source.
9. composition as claimed in claim 1, it further comprises the lubricant that is selected from mineral oil, paraffin, cycloalkanes, synthetic paraffin, alkylbenzene, polyalphaolefin, polyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, polyol ester and composition thereof.
10. composition as claimed in claim 1, it further comprises the derivative that is selected from naphthalimide, perylene class, coumarins, anthracene class, luxuriant and rich with fragrance class, xanthene class, thioxanthene class, naphthoxanthene class, fluoresceins, described dyestuff and at least a Ultraluminescence dyestuff of combination thereof.
11. composition as claimed in claim 10, it further comprises and is selected from following at least a solubilizing agent: hydrocarbon, dme, polyoxy alkylene glycol ether, acid amides, ketone, nitrile, chloro-hydrocarbons, ester, lactone, aryl ethers, fluoroether and 1,1,1-trifluoro alkane; And wherein said refrigeration agent is not identical compound with solubilizing agent.
12. composition as claimed in claim 11, wherein said solubilizing agent is selected from:
A) by formula R
1[(OR
2)
xOR
3]
yThe polyoxy alkylene glycol ether of expression, wherein: x is the integer of 1-3; Y is the integer of 1-4; R
1Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatic group with 1 to 6 carbon atom and y binding site; R
2Be selected from aliphatics alkylene with 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R
3Be selected from hydrogen and aliphatics and alicyclic alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atom; R
1And R
3In at least one be selected from described alkyl; And the molecular weight of wherein said polyoxy alkylene glycol ether is about 100 to about 300 atomic mass units;
B) formula R
1C (O) NR
2R
3And ring-[R
4CON (R
5The acid amides of expression)-], wherein R
1, R
2, R
3And R
5Be independently selected from aliphatics with 1 to 12 carbon atom and alicyclic alkyl and aryl at the most with 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R
4Be selected from aliphatics alkylene with 3 to 12 carbon atoms; And the molecular weight of wherein said acid amides is about 100 to about 300 atomic mass units;
C) by formula R
1C (O) R
2The ketone of expression, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from the aliphatics with 1 to 12 carbon atom, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbyl, and the molecular weight of wherein said ketone is about 70 to about 300 atomic mass units;
D) by formula R
1The nitrile that CN represents, wherein R
1Be selected from the aliphatics with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbyl, and the molecular weight of wherein said nitrile is about 90 to about 200 atomic mass units;
E) by formula RCl
xThe chloro-hydrocarbons of expression, wherein: x is 1 or 2; R is selected from aliphatics and the alicyclic alkyl with 1 to 12 carbon atom; And the molecular weight of wherein said chloro-hydrocarbons is about 100 to about 200 atomic mass units;
F) by formula R
1OR
2The aryl ethers of expression, wherein: R
1Be selected from aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms; R
2Be selected from aliphatic group with 1 to 4 carbon atom; And the molecular weight of wherein said aryl ethers is about 100 to about 150 atomic mass units;
G) by formula CF
3R
11,1 of expression, 1-trifluoro alkane, wherein R
1Be selected from and have about 5 aliphatics and alicyclic alkyls to about 15 carbon atoms;
H) by formula R
1OCF
2CF
2The fluoroether that H represents, wherein: R
1Be selected from and have about 5 aliphatics and alicyclic alkyls to about 15 carbon atoms; Perhaps wherein said fluoroether obtains from fluoroolefins and many alcohol, and wherein said fluoroolefins is CF
2The form of=CXY, wherein X is hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine, Y is chlorine, fluorine, CF
3Or OR
f, R wherein
fBe CF
3, C
2F
5Or C
3F
7And described many alcohol is straight or branched, and the many alcohol of wherein said straight chain are HOCH
2(CHOH)
x(CRR ')
yCH
2The form of OH, wherein R and R ' are hydrogen, CH
3Or C
2H
5, x is the integer of 0-4, y is the integer of 0-3, and z is 0 or 1, and the many alcohol of described side chain are C (OH)
t(R)
u(CH
2OH)
v[(CH
2)
mCH
2OH]
wForm, wherein R can be hydrogen, CH
3Or C
2H
5, m is the integer of 0-3, and t and u are 0 or 1, and v and w are the integers of 0-4, simultaneously, t+u+v+w=4 wherein; With
I) lactone of representing by structure [B], [C] and [D]:
Wherein, R
1-R
8Be independently selected from hydrogen, straight chain, side chain, cyclic, bicyclic, saturated and undersaturated alkyl; Its molecular weight is about 100 to about 300 atomic mass units; With
J) by formula R
1CO
2R
2The ester of expression, wherein R
1And R
2Be independently selected from straight chain and cyclic, saturated and undersaturated alkyl and aryl; And the molecular weight of wherein said ester is about 80 to about 550 atomic mass units.
13. one kind in compression refrigeration or conditioning unit test right require 10 described method for compositions, described method comprises to described equipment provides described composition, and is provided near leakage point or described equipment detecting the appropriate device of described composition.
14. generation refrigerating method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said refrigeration agent or heat transfer composition further comprise the derivative that is selected from naphthalimide, perylene class, coumarins, anthracene class, luxuriant and rich with fragrance class, xanthene class, thioxanthene class, naphthoxanthene class, fluoresceins, described dyestuff and at least a Ultraluminescence dyestuff of combination thereof.
15. the method for generation as claimed in claim 7 heating, wherein said refrigeration agent or heat transfer composition further comprise the derivative that is selected from naphthalimide, perylene class, coumarins, anthracene class, luxuriant and rich with fragrance class, xanthene class, thioxanthene class, naphthoxanthene class, fluoresceins, described dyestuff and at least a Ultraluminescence dyestuff of combination thereof.
16. composition as claimed in claim 1, it further comprises stablizer, water scavenging agent or odor masking agent.
17. composition as claimed in claim 16, wherein said stablizer is selected from Nitromethane 99Min., sterically hindered phenol, azanol, mercaptan, phosphorous acid ester and lactone.
18. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said method are included in the refrigeration that adopts multistage centrifugal compressor or the conditioning unit and produce refrigeration.
19. method as claimed in claim 18, wherein said multistage centrifugal compressor are the secondary radial compressors.
20. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said method are included in and produce heating in the refrigeration equipment that adopts multistage centrifugal compressor.
21. method as claimed in claim 20, wherein said multistage centrifugal compressor are the secondary radial compressors.
22. composition as claimed in claim 16, wherein said water scavenging agent is an ortho ester.
23. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said method are included in turbine that employing drives by engine exhaust and provide in the refrigeration of miniature radial compressor of power or the conditioning unit and produce refrigeration.
24. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said method are included in employing by producing refrigeration in the refrigeration of miniature radial compressor that has the proportional gear-driven assembly of proportional belt-driven power is provided or the conditioning unit.
25. comprise refrigeration, air-conditioning or the heat-pump apparatus of composition as claimed in claim 1.
26. equipment as claimed in claim 25, wherein said equipment adopts multistage centrifugal compressor.
27. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said multistage centrifugal compressor are the secondary radial compressors.
28. a method of removing resistates from the surface, it comprises:
(a) make described surface and contain perfluorobutyl ethylene (3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nine fluoro-1-hexenes (PFBE)) and contact with the azeotropic or the Azeotrope-like compositions that are selected from following at least a hydrogen fluorohydrocarbon:
4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro butylene;
2-bromo-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-seven fluorine butylene;
3-bromo-1,1,1,2,4,4,5,5,5-nine fluorine butylene;
1-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-five fluorine butylene;
Acetone;
2-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-propione;
Methyl alcohol;
Ethanol;
N-propyl alcohol;
Virahol;
2,2,2 tfifluoroethyl alcohol;
2,2,3,3,3-five fluorine propyl alcohol;
2,2,3, the 3-C3-Fluoroalcohol;
Hexafluoroisopropanol;
1, the 1-ethylene dichloride;
Suitable-1,2-dichloroethene;
Instead-1,2-dichloroethene;
Diisopropyl ether;
1, the 2-glycol dimethyl ether;
Methylal(dimethoxymethane);
Methyl tertiary butyl ether;
Methyl acetate;
Methyl-formiate;
Ethyl acetate;
Ethyl formate;
4-chloro-1,1,2,3,3,4-hexafluoro butylene; And
N-(difluoromethyl)-N, the N-dimethyl amine;
(b) from described composition, recover described surface.
29. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein said resistates comprises oil.
30. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein said resistates comprises solder flux.
31. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein said surface is an integrated circuit (IC) apparatus.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68528805P | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | |
| US60/685,288 | 2005-05-27 | ||
| US11/437,298 | 2006-05-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101184821A true CN101184821A (en) | 2008-05-21 |
Family
ID=39449471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006800186076A Pending CN101184821A (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2006-05-24 | Compositions comprising 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluoro-1-hexene |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101184821A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111337460A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | High-stability Halo-tag probe and synthesis and biological application thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-05-24 CN CNA2006800186076A patent/CN101184821A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111337460A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | High-stability Halo-tag probe and synthesis and biological application thereof |
| CN111337460B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | High-stability Halo-tag probe and synthesis and biological application thereof |
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