CN101180205B - 水上滑橇 - Google Patents

水上滑橇 Download PDF

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CN101180205B
CN101180205B CN2006800179903A CN200680017990A CN101180205B CN 101180205 B CN101180205 B CN 101180205B CN 2006800179903 A CN2006800179903 A CN 2006800179903A CN 200680017990 A CN200680017990 A CN 200680017990A CN 101180205 B CN101180205 B CN 101180205B
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housing
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特雷弗·威廉姆·佩恩
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
    • B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
    • B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
    • B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
    • B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
    • B63B2001/201—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface divided by longitudinal chines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
    • B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
    • B63B2001/204—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
    • B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
    • B63B2001/204—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls
    • B63B2001/205—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B2001/206—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls, e.g. catamarans
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种滑橇结构，其用于航行时将船的船体支撑在水面之上，且该滑橇结构具有气密壳(6)，所述气密壳(6)包括倒U型壳体(3)和在倒U型壳体(3)的相对侧之间延伸的底部，所述底部界定主滑橇表面，且该滑橇结构还具有在倒U型壳体(3)的相对的外侧上的一对辅滑橇或滑道(2)，当船体高速运行时，辅滑橇或滑道(2)在水面上滑行。

Description

水上滑橇
技术领域
本发明涉及用于船舶的超高速滑橇结构。
背景技术
现代船舶设计具有以下固有的不利特征：慢速和高燃耗以及由设计船体以尽可能克服水阻力的设计要求所强加给船制造业的高的建造成本。
发明内容
本发明旨在通过提供一种装置来克服以上的缺点，当乘着非常高效的滑橇组件航行时，船的船体可凭借这种装置来支撑而不与水接触，从而极大地避免是空气粘性的800倍的水的粘性。(这种概念利用了水翼船概念的含义，但却以完全不同的且更有效的方式获得了结果。)
因而，本发明提供了一种滑橇结构，其特征为：
气密壳(air tight housing)和底板(floor)，所述气密壳由倒U型壳体界定，所述底部在所述倒U型壳体的相对侧之间延伸，所述底部界定主滑橇表面，
所述滑橇结构适合于航行时将船的船体支撑在水面之上，
所述倒U型壳体的相对的外侧上的一对辅滑橇或滑道，其中，所述辅滑橇或滑道基本上沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸且设置在比所述主滑橇表面稍低的高度，所述辅滑橇或滑道适合于当高速行驶时在水面上滑行。
优选地，倒U型壳体具有在主滑橇表面以下向下延伸的相对侧的边缘，所述边缘沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸以界定龙骨来给滑橇结构赋予方向稳定性。
优选地，向下延伸的边缘提供了一种在所述边缘和主滑橇表面以及水面之间截留减摩擦剂(friction relieving agent)的装置用于减小主滑橇表面和水之间的摩擦。减摩擦剂可包括空气和泡沫。
优选地，辅滑橇或滑道具有在其外端向下延伸的凸缘(lip)。
优选地，加强部分设置在气密壳内，在所述底部和倒U型壳体之间。
所述辅滑橇或滑道定位在所述底部之下且在所述倒U型壳体的所述侧边缘之上。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种船舶，其包括船的船体和用来在航行时将船的船体支撑在水面之上的滑橇结构，每个所述滑橇结构具有气密壳和底部，所述气密壳由倒U型壳体所界定，所述底部在所述倒U型壳体的相对侧之间延伸，所述底部界定主滑橇表面，
所述倒U型壳体的相对的外侧上的一对辅滑橇或滑道，其中，所述辅滑橇或滑道基本上沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸且设置在比所述主滑橇表面稍低的高度，所述辅滑橇或滑道适合于当高速行驶时在水面上滑行。
优选地，滑橇结构被调整成与船的船体平行且按与船体航行同样的方向延伸。
优选地，支柱设置在船体和滑橇结构之间。
这里所描述的滑橇结构提供了用来将相当大吨位的船支撑在其结构上的强度和坚固性。滑橇结构结合了独特的元件来辅助这种结构及其负荷量以获得先前从未达到的燃料效率和速度效率。
滑橇结构自身没有活动件，但是可加入用于相对于船的船体来升高和降低滑橇结构的操纵***或支架(ram)、或用于其他特殊目的的提升元件。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的供船的船体使用的滑橇的实施方案的正面横截面；
图2是装有图1滑橇的船的船体的侧视图；以及
图3展示了滑橇在其入口点的向上弯曲。
优选实施方案的详细描述
图1所显示的滑橇结构包括由滑橇结构的倒“U”型壳体或顶部3形成的气密壳6，所述倒“U”型壳体或顶部3包括加强部分4，如所看到的正截面，滑橇结构还具有跨接“U”型壳体3的底部以形成主滑橇表面1，所述滑橇结构能够将航行的船的船体8支撑在水面之上。支柱9在船体8和滑橇结构之间延伸。
倒“U”型壳体3具有在跨接的主滑橇表面1以下向下延伸的边缘5，其沿外壳3的长度延伸以起像龙骨一样的作用且给滑橇结构赋予方向稳定性并防止其偏航。
所述结构进一步包括一对在倒“U”型壳体3的外侧的每一侧上的辅滑橇或“滑道”2，所述辅滑橇或“滑道”2沿壳体3的长度延伸且固定在比跨接的主滑橇表面1稍低的高度，当高速行驶时，跨接的主滑橇表面1在水面上滑行。主表面1和滑橇或“滑道”2在他们的入口点具有向上的弯曲，如图3所显示的。
向下延伸的边缘5提供了在所述边缘5和跨接的主滑橇表面1的底部以及水面之间截留空气和泡沫(或其他减摩擦剂)的装置以提供用于减小滑橇和水之间的摩擦的空气/泡沫的垫层。
由于低于主滑橇表面1，辅滑橇或滑道2辅助主滑橇表面1高于水面行驶，这样，空气或其他润滑剂可被挤压在两个表面和边缘5之间。这对表面1具有补充的和同时动作。辅滑橇或滑道2可具有在其外端向下延伸的凸缘10。
滑橇结构被调整成与船的船体8平行且与航行方向相同。
该滑橇结构适合于允许船以比由同期的船舶设计所达到的速度更快的速度经济地航行。进一步，该滑橇结构完全适合于允许船具有相对于所航行距离来说的、与同期船舶设计相比大大改进的燃料消耗效率。该滑橇结构与同期船舶设计相比，还适合于减少船的矿物燃料排放(污染等级)。
滑橇的设计和作用是多重的：
1.通过消除或大大降低裸船体和滑橇结构自身的水阻力，允许船舶有超过同期设计的相当可观的速度增益。
2.在滑橇和水面之间提供空气或其他合适“润滑剂”的减摩擦界面。
3.当对照同期的船体来度量时，实现了相当可观的燃料效率。
4.由于获得了速度和其他燃料效率因素的结果，降低了矿物燃料污染。
5.通过滑橇设计为船提供穿浪特征。
6.通过将船体的承重点设置在梁的外侧边缘，赋予航行中的船更大的稳定性。
7.不需要极大地增加制造成本的特殊船首和水下船体的设计。
8.允许在足够大的船上有滑橇结构内的燃料腔和推进装置。
9.使船能在非常浅的水上运行，而水翼船和排水船不能在非常浅的水上冒险。
10.提供环境优势，例如由于浅水运行吃水(shallow operating draught)的结果而减少对海洋生物的破坏，且当在封闭水域运运时，大大地减少侵蚀。
虽然没有活动件，但该滑橇设计可在滑橇表面区域内收集空气垫层以减少水面和滑橇下侧之间的摩擦。滑橇具有沿滑橇长度沿伸的类似龙骨的边缘，帮助截留空气且提供方向稳定性并防止偏航。
通过与航行方向一致(与水翼船不同，水翼船的翼与航行方向反向或呈对角)，滑橇结构提供理论上的每小时几百海里的速度。

Claims (10)

1.一种滑橇结构，包括：
气密壳和底部，所述气密壳由倒U型壳体所界定，所述底部在所述倒U型壳体的相对侧之间延伸，所述底部界定主滑橇表面，
所述滑橇结构适合于当航行时将船的船体支撑在水面之上；以及
所述倒U型壳体的相对的外侧上的一对辅滑橇或滑道，其中，所述辅滑橇或滑道基本上沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸且设置在比所述主滑橇表面稍低的高度，所述辅滑橇或滑道适合于当高速行驶时在水面上滑行。
2.如权利要求1所述的滑橇结构，其中，所述倒U型壳体具有在所述主滑橇表面以下向下延伸的相对的侧边缘，所述边缘沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸以界定龙骨来给所述滑橇结构赋予方向稳定性。
3.如权利要求2所述的滑橇结构，其中，向下延伸的所述边缘提供在所述边缘和所述主滑橇表面以及水面之间截留减摩擦剂的装置，用于减少所述主滑橇表面和水之间的摩擦。
4.如权利要求3所述的滑橇结构，其中，所述减摩擦剂包括空气和泡沫。
5.如权利要求1所述的滑橇结构，其中所述辅滑橇或滑道具有在其外端向下延伸的凸缘。
6.如权利要求1所述的滑橇结构，其包括在所述底部和所述倒U型壳体之间、所述气密壳内的加强部分。
7.一种船舶，包括：
船的船体；
滑橇结构，所述滑橇结构用来在航行时将所述船的船体支撑在水面之上，每个所述滑橇结构具有气密壳和底部，所述气密壳由倒U型壳体所界定，所述底部在所述倒U型壳体的相对侧之间延伸，所述底部界定主滑橇表面；以及
所述倒U型壳体的相对的外侧上的一对辅滑橇或滑道，其中，所述辅滑橇或滑道基本上沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸且设置在比所述主滑橇表面稍低的高度，所述辅滑橇或滑道适合于当高速行驶时在水面上滑行。
8.如权利要求7所述的船舶，其中，所述倒U型壳体具有在所述主滑橇表面以下向下延伸的边缘，所述边缘沿所述倒U型壳体的长度延伸以界定龙骨来给所述滑橇结构赋予方向稳定性。
9.如权利要求7所述的船舶，其特征为：所述滑橇结构被调整成与所述船的船体平行且按与所述船体航行的同样的方向延伸。
10.如权利要求7所述的船舶，其包括：所述船体和所述滑橇结构之间的支柱。
CN2006800179903A 2005-03-25 2006-03-22 水上滑橇 Expired - Fee Related CN101180205B (zh)

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AU2005201317A AU2005201317B2 (en) 2005-03-25 2005-03-25 Very High Speed-Hydro Ski Structure (VHS-HSS)
AU2005201317 2005-03-25
PCT/AU2006/000371 WO2006099665A1 (en) 2005-03-25 2006-03-22 Very high speed-hydro ski structure (vhs-hss)

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EP1866199A4 (en) 2011-08-17
US20080190347A1 (en) 2008-08-14
CN101180205A (zh) 2008-05-14
ES2448470T3 (es) 2014-03-14
US7703408B2 (en) 2010-04-27
AU2005201317A1 (en) 2006-10-12
EP1866199A1 (en) 2007-12-19
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