CN101179532A - Mail server system and mail distributing method - Google Patents

Mail server system and mail distributing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101179532A
CN101179532A CNA2007103001627A CN200710300162A CN101179532A CN 101179532 A CN101179532 A CN 101179532A CN A2007103001627 A CNA2007103001627 A CN A2007103001627A CN 200710300162 A CN200710300162 A CN 200710300162A CN 101179532 A CN101179532 A CN 101179532A
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server
mda
mail
nameserver
mta
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CN101179532B (en
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林少章
黄铁鸣
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a mail sever system, which includes: a mail distribution server, at least one mail transmission server and at least one mail mailing-agent sever. The embodiment of the invention also discloses a mail distribution method, which includes: A. an MTA sever sends an inquiry request to a NameServer according to the mail desired transmission; B. the NameServer selects a MDA server according to inquiry request and sends the selected MDA sever back to the MTA server; C. the MTA sever distributes the mails to the corresponding MDA server according to addresses of the MDA server; D. the MDA server mails the mails to corresponding mailboxes according to the MDA server. By using the system and the method, the configuration documents are realized simultaneously; all the MDA servers in the mail server system are used equally, and an efficiency of the whole mail server system is improved.

Description

The method of a kind of mail server system and mail distribution
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mail transfer technology, refer in particular to the method for a kind of mail server system and mail distribution.
Background technology
At present, employed Simple Mail Transfer protocol (SMTP) agreement is a kind of storage retransmission protocol in the mail transfer process, and this agreement allows by a series of server Email (the following mail that all abbreviates as) to be sent to the final destination.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that uses the mail transmission system of smtp protocol in the prior art.As shown in Figure 1, comprise in the mail transmission system of use smtp protocol in the prior art: mail user agent (MUA), Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) server, mail delivery agency's (MDA) server and destination mailbox.Wherein, MUA can be the user interface is provided, and is responsible for reception, transmission and the management of user mail, and therefore, MUA can regard a kind of client software as; The function of MTA server is to provide route for received mail; The function of MDA server then be with received mail delivery in the mailbox of destination.As shown in Figure 1, the user can manage mail by MUA, and by MUA the mail of required transmission is sent to the MTA server; The MTA server exists in received mail in the formation, then according to the order of formation, for etc. mail to be sent route is provided, and mail to be sent such as described is sent to next destination according to route, next destination may be another MTA server, also may be the MDA server; The MDA server then sends to received mail in the mailbox of destination, thereby has finished the transmission of mail.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of MDA and MTA service architecture in the prior art.As shown in Figure 2, comprise in the schematic diagram of MDA and MTA service architecture in the prior art: provide web access mode management mailbox server (Webmail), post office protocol (POP3) server, provide standard smtp protocol sender mail server (Esmtp), accept the server (Mx) of foreign lands mail and the smtp protocol sender mail server (SmtpBG) of standard be provided.Wherein, Webmail, Pop3, Esmtp and Mx belong to the MTA server, and SmtpBG belongs to the MDA server.
At present, every kind of server all is tens to up to a hundred in the large-scale mail server system, how doing rational a selection in a plurality of mail servers is very important part in the mail server system, thereby relates to the mail distribution strategy of mail server system.
A kind of method based on configuration file is arranged in the prior art, in the method, owing in the present mail server system numerous mail delivery acting servers is arranged, so internal system needs each server of delivering mail can obtain the address of mail delivery acting server according to the configuration file of self storing.Yet the number of the mail delivery acting server in system constantly increases, and internal system is when needing the number of the server of delivering mail also constantly to increase, and that realizes configuration file will become a big problem synchronously; And, when the mail delivery acting server breaks down, the method of currently used artificial synchronization profile is good inadequately aspect real-time, so in case configuration file to occur asynchronous or configuration file is incomplete, will cause the selection of mail delivery acting server to go wrong.Simultaneously, above-mentioned method is not considered the quality of the state and the network of MDA server, and selects the MDA server to carry out mail distribution blindly, thereby it is unbalanced to cause server to use, and has reduced the service efficiency of server.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the main purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to provide the method for a kind of mail server system and mail distribution, thereby improves the efficient of mail server system.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is achieved in that
A kind of mail server system, this system comprises: the MDA server is acted on behalf of in mail distribution server NameServer, at least one Mail Transfer Agent MTA server and at least one mail delivery;
Described MTA server is used for sending query requests according to the mail of required transmission to described mail distribution server, and the MDA server address that returns according to described mail distribution server, with the mail distribution of required transmission to the MDA server;
Described MDA server, be used for received mail delivery to this corresponding mailbox in mail recipient address;
Described NameServer is used for selecting the MDA server according to the query requests that receives from configuration file, the address of selected MDA server is returned to the MTA server of the described query requests of transmission.
A kind of method of mail distribution also is provided in the embodiments of the invention, and this method comprises:
A, MTA server send query requests according to the mail of required transmission to NameServer;
B, NameServer select the MDA server according to query requests, and the address of selected MDA server is returned to described MTA server;
C, MTA server according to the address of described MDA server with described mail distribution to corresponding MDA server;
D, described MDA server with described mail delivery to the corresponding mailbox of this mail in.
The method of a kind of mail server system and mail distribution is provided in the embodiments of the invention in summary.Because the mail distribution server in the above-mentioned mail server system has configuration file, and the state information of the MDA server that this configuration file can be at any time reports according to the proxy modules of MDA server is upgraded, thus realized configuration file synchronously; Simultaneously, mail server system can be by described mail distribution server, from a plurality of MDA servers, select corresponding, state preferably the MDA server carry out the distribution of mail, make that all mail delivery acting servers can both obtain balanced the utilization in the mail server system, thereby improve the efficient of whole mail server system, and can handle various abnormal conditions effectively, even make under unusual situation, also can the efficient distribution that must utilize the mail delivery acting server to carry out mail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that uses the mail transmission system of smtp protocol in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of MDA and MTA service architecture in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of mail server system in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for mail distribution in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention express clearlyer, the present invention is further described in more detail below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of mail server system in the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 3, mail server system comprises in the embodiment of the invention: mail distribution server (NameServer), a plurality of MTA server and a plurality of MDA server.
Described MTA server, be used to receive the mail of required transmission, and send the query requests of the address of the addressee that comprises this mail to described mail distribution server according to received mail, and receive the MDA server address that described mail distribution server returns, give this MDA server according to described MDA server address with described mail distribution then;
Described MDA server, be used for received mail delivery to this corresponding mailbox in mail recipient address; Regularly report the condition information of self to described mail distribution server by proxy modules (NameAgent);
Described NameServer is used for the condition information according to each MDA server of receiving, new configuration file more, the address of unified configuration MDA server; According to the address of the addressee in the query requests that receives, from configuration file, select and the corresponding MDA server address of described address of the addressee, selected MDA server address is returned to the MTA server that sends described query requests.
Above-mentioned MTA server can be Webmail, Pop3, Esmtp or Mx.And above-mentioned MDA server can be SmtpBG, and SmtpBG can be divided into foreign lands mail delivery acting server (EBG) and this territory mail delivery acting server (LocalBG) two big classes again.Wherein, EBG is responsible for handling the mail that deliver to foreign lands in this territory, and LocalBG is responsible for handling the mail that deliver to this territory to this territory or this territory foreign lands.In addition, an interface module (NameClientAPI) can be set also in above-mentioned NameServer, be used to handle received query requests and the information that reports.
In above-mentioned mail server system, described NameServer can select the mail delivery acting server of a MDA server as this mail according to the mail of required transmission from a plurality of MDA servers.Before this, NameServer can divide all MDA servers according to the condition information of each MDA server in the configuration file.Specifically, NameServer can carry out subregion according to its residing network area with all MDA servers, and the MDA server that is in the same network area belongs to same subregion, and described network area comprises telecommunications, Netcom or education network etc.; Can the MDA server in the same subregion be divided into a plurality of groups according to rule of classification then.Described rule of classification can set in advance according to actual conditions, and for example, rule of classification can be to divide into groups according to the IP address, also can be to divide into groups according to the type of server etc.
After carrying out above-mentioned division, above-mentioned mail server system can be the mail of required transmission and selects the MDA server of a MDA server as this mail, and with the mail distribution of required transmission on mutually should the MDA server.The method of concrete mail distribution is as described below.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for mail distribution in the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 4, the method that mail server system carries out mail distribution in the embodiment of the invention comprises step as described below:
Step 401, the MTA server sends query requests according to the mail of required transmission to NameServer.
Specifically, the MTA server can send query requests to NameServer according to the mail of required transmission, comprises addressee's the information such as address of the mail of required transmission in this request.
Step 402, NameServer selects suitable MDA server according to query requests, and selected MDA server address is returned to described MTA server.
Specifically, NameServer can be according to the information such as address of the addressee in the query requests, from configuration file, select and the corresponding MDA server address of described address of the addressee, and described MDA server address is returned to the MTA server that sends described query requests.
The described selection from configuration file comprises step as described below with the corresponding MDA server address of described address of the addressee:
A), from a plurality of subregions, select a subregion according to query requests.
Specifically, can from a plurality of MDA server partition, select a subregion according to the address of the addressee of the mail of required transmission in the query requests.
B), from selected subregion, select a grouping.
Specifically, can select a grouping in a plurality of groupings from selected subregion according to the address of the addressee of the mail of required transmission.
C), from selected grouping, select a MDA server.
Specifically, in all MDA servers from selected grouping, select a MDA server according to the state parameter that each MDA server in this grouping of being stored in the configuration file reports by NameAgent, the described state parameter that reports comprises: the load (Load) of the process number of queue length, mail server (for example, the number of smtpd process), server etc.That is to say that NameServer can go up the report state parameter according to above-mentioned, and uses predefined algorithm (for example, load-balancing algorithm or dynamical feedback equalization algorithm etc.), selects to be used for the MDA server of delivering mail according to qualifications.
Step 403, MTA server with described mail distribution to corresponding MDA server.
Specifically, the MTA server is according to received MDA server address, with described mail distribution to the corresponding MDA server of received MDA server address on.
Step 404, the MDA server with mail delivery to this corresponding mailbox in mail recipient address in.
In addition, in the practical application scene, some abnormal conditions may appear.Below will introduce the method for above-mentioned mail server system to the processing of various abnormal conditions:
1) when abnormal conditions be: NameServer breaks down, and the MTA server can't be inquired about the address of MDA server to NameServer.
Processing method is: two NameServer are set and on each MTA the storage acquiescence delivering mail server list (ServerList), a configuration file is all arranged on every NameServe.When the MTA server need be inquired about the address of MDA server, can be at random send query requests to NameServe wherein.If this NameServe does not return the address of MDA server or returns error message, then the MTA server can send query requests to another NameServe.If two NameServer break down, then MTA returns the address of MDA server to the MTA server according to the ServerList of the acquiescence of self storing.
2) when abnormal conditions be: comprise a domain name in the query requests that NameServe received, and this domain name does not have corresponding MDA server in the configuration file of NameServe.
Solution: the acquiescence delivery server of in the configuration file of NameServer, specifying one group of overall situation in advance.When in the configuration file of NameServe during not with the corresponding MDA server of certain domain name, NameServer returns the address of the acquiescence delivery server of the described overall situation to the MTA server.
3) when abnormal conditions be: all the MDA servers in certain grouping all break down.
Solution: in the configuration file of NameServer, can be each MDA server grouping and specify the MDA server group of another group MDA server as acquiescence, when all the MDA servers in certain MDA server grouping of certain group domain name correspondence all go wrong, system will return the MDA server group of above-mentioned acquiescence to the MTA server.
4) when abnormal conditions be: self breaks down NameAgent, but the still normally operation of the MDA server at NameAgent place.
Solution: in general, because NameAgent's is relatively simple for structure, the possibility that breaks down is very little, therefore, when NameAgent breaks down, can think that fault has appearred in the MDA server at this NameAgent place, MDA server or other monitoring program are come fault is handled by system to system alarm.
5) when abnormal conditions be: NameAgent and MDA server be operate as normal all, but the MDA server has overstock a large amount of mails in formation.
Solution: because the state information about the MDA server that reports by NameAgent comprises: queue length, smtpd process number and Load, and NameServer can determine the quality of MDA server state according to the described state information that reports and certain algorithm (for example, load-balancing algorithm or dynamical feedback equalization algorithm etc.).After NameServer determined the state of MDA server, the address of MDA server that can state is good preferentially returned to corresponding M TA server.
In the configuration file of NameServer, the corresponding relation between domain name and the MDA server has been described.Owing between domain name and the MDA server too many data item is arranged,, the situation of domain name and MDA server can be documented on the independent configuration file for the convenience of updating maintenance.For example, domain name configuration file (USADomain.list) has form as described below:
*hotmail.com
*yahoo.*
MDA server profile (USAServer.list) has form as described below:
172.16.62.40:25
172.16.25.15:25
And the spendable configuration file of NameServer has form as described below:
[Default]
BGServerFile=TELServer.list
[Group1]
DomainFile=CNCDomain.list
BGServerFile=CNCServer.list
BackupGroup=Default
[Group2]
DomainFile=EDUDomain.list
BGServerFile=EDUServer.list
B?ackupGroup=Group1
[SpecGroup1]
BGServerFile=SPAMServer.list
BackupGroup=Default
[SpecGroup2]
BGServerFile=APIServer.list
BackupGroup=SpecGroup2
NameServer.conf
Wherein, [Default] configuration section is used to indicate the acquiescence delivery server tabulation of the overall situation, not record in the configuration file of domain name at NameServer of the address of the addressee of certain mail, then can use the acquiescence delivery server of the overall situation in [Default] configuration section to tabulate (for example, TELServer.list).
[GroupX] configuration section (wherein, X=1,2 ...) correspond respectively to X grouping (Group), be used for describing the domain name of each grouping and the corresponding relation of MDA server.Wherein, DomainFile the tabulation of domain name described filename (for example, CNCDomain.list); The filename that BGServerFile describes a MDA server list (for example, CNCServer.list); BackupGroup then is used for when the server of all tabulations of [GroupX] configuration section all breaks down, the server that system default uses.BackupGroup can be used for specifying a standby grouping, and (for example, Group1), when all the MDA servers in this grouping all break down, system will use the server in the indicated grouping of BackGroup; And if do not have BackupGroup in this configuration section, then system default uses the server list of Default configuration section the inside.
[SpecGroupX] configuration section (wherein, X=1,2 ...) be used for specifying the group (i.e. X particular group) of a special purpose, can directly specify the MDA server in the group of using this special purpose to carry out the distribution of mail by to the calling of the interface module of NameServer.
In addition, in the communication architecture that NameServer adopted, NameServer can adopt a plurality of transmission control protocols (TCP) process to connect the server that each need be inquired about; And the vlan query protocol VLAN that NameServer adopted uses text formatting, and provides following order: QUERY, UPDATE, LIST, QUIT etc.Each server in the system can conduct interviews to NameServer by above-mentioned order.Below will be introduced above-mentioned these orders.
1) QUERY order
The QUERY order can be used for to the specific pairing MDA server address of addressee of NameServer inquiry.At this moment, NameServer can divide into groups to the addressee according to configuration information, and for each divides the address of the candidate MDA server of group selection some.For example:
QUERY<rcpt_count><spec_group_id>
<rcpt1>
<rcpt2>
<rcpt3>
+OK<group_count>
rcpt1=serverA,serverB
rcpt2,rcpt3=serverC
Wherein, QUERY is the multirow order, and first line command comprises command keyword and two parameters, and parameter rcpt_count is used to specify addressee's quantity of this inquiry, and parameter s pec_group_id is used for forcing to specify a certain group of MDA server; Since second line command is addressee information, addressee information of each order line input.
NameServer returns the multirow response with "+OK " beginning after according to above-mentioned QUERY order configuration file being inquired about.Wherein, group_count is used to indicate the number of the grouping that the addressee is divided into; Since second row, NameServer returns the situation of each grouping, each responsive trip returns the situation of a grouping, use CSV between the interior different addressee of same grouping, also use CSV between the interior different MDA server info of same grouping, separate with equal sign between addressee information and the MDA server info.For example, in the above-described embodiment, addressee rcpt1 is a grouping, and spendable MDA server is serverA and serverB; And addressee rcpt2 and rcpt3 are another grouping, and spendable MDA server is serverC.Wherein, the form of addressee information can be complete email address, for example, and [email protected]; The MDA server address can use the IP address: the form of port (ip:port), for example, 172.16.62.40:25.
Especially, when a certain receiver divides into groups corresponding a plurality of MDA server, NameServer can attempt described a plurality of MDA servers in order by NameClientAPI, thereby make NameServer to decide the Query Result that is returned according to certain strategy, for example, NameServer can use wheel to change (Round-Robin) algorithm the MDA server of a plurality of operational excellences is dispatched, and returns Query Result according to scheduling result.
2) UPDATE order
NameAgent on each MDA server can upgrade the state information of MDA server by UPDATE command request NameServer.For example:
UPDATE<svr_id><mail_queue><load><proc_num>
+OK<svr_id>is?on
-ERR?No?such?server.
Wherein, UPDATE order has four parameter: parameter s rv_id to represent the MDA server of certain appointment, can use the form of ip:port; Parameter m ail_queue represents queue length; Parameter l oad represents server load; Parameter p roc_num represents the smtpd number of processes.
If the state information of above-mentioned specified server has stored in the configuration file of NameServer, then NameServer returns the response with "+OK " beginning, wherein, " is on " expression NameServer has received the state information of the MDA server transmission of this use UPDATE order.
If above-mentioned specified server is not in the configuration file of NameServer, then NameServer returns the response with " ERR " beginning.
The NameAgent of MDA server needs regularly to use the UPDATE order to return the condition information of its MDA server of monitoring to NameServer.If NameServer does not receive the UPDATE order that the NameAgent of certain MDA server sends in certain time limit, think that then this MDA server breaks down, therefore, NameServer will no longer put into the Query Result that returns by NameClientAPI with the information of this MDA server.
3) LIST order
The state status that the LIST instruction is used for checking all MDA servers.Can not use this order generally speaking, this order is mainly used in debugging (debug).
4) QUIT order
The QUIT order is used for being connected with the NameServer disconnection.
By using the above-mentioned mail server system and the method for mail distribution, can be effectively from a plurality of MDA servers, select corresponding, state preferably the MDA server carry out the distribution of mail, make that all mail delivery acting servers can both obtain balanced the utilization in the mail server system, thereby improve the efficient of whole mail server system, and can handle various abnormal conditions effectively, even make under unusual situation, also can efficiently must utilize mail delivery acting server distribution mail.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a mail server system is characterized in that, this system comprises: the MDA server is acted on behalf of in mail distribution server NameServer, at least one Mail Transfer Agent MTA server and at least one mail delivery;
Described MTA server is used for sending query requests according to the mail of required transmission to described NameServer, and the MDA server address that returns according to described NameServer, with the mail distribution of required transmission to the MDA server;
Described MDA server, be used for received mail delivery to this corresponding mailbox in mail recipient address;
Described NameServer is used for selecting the MDA server according to the query requests that receives from configuration file, the address of selected MDA server is returned to the MTA server of the described query requests of transmission.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described MDA server also comprises: proxy modules;
Described proxy modules is used for the condition information of the MDA server under described NameServer reports this proxy modules.
3. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described NameServer also comprises: interface module;
Described interface module is used to receive the state information that query requests and each MDA server report;
Described NameServer also is used for the state information that reports according to each received MDA server, more new configuration file.
4. the method for a mail distribution is characterized in that, this method comprises:
A, MTA server send query requests according to the mail of required transmission to NameServer;
B, NameServer select the MDA server according to query requests, and the address of selected MDA server is returned to described MTA server;
C, MTA server according to the address of described MDA server with described mail distribution to corresponding MDA server;
D, described MDA server with described mail delivery to the corresponding mailbox of this mail in.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that before described step B, this method also comprises:
Each MDA server reports NameServer with the condition information of self; The condition information that NameServer reports according to each MDA server, more new configuration file.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that before described step B, this method also comprises:
NameServer is divided at least one subregion according to configuration file with the MDA server in the mail server system; MDA server in the same subregion is divided at least one grouping.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described NameServer is divided at least one subregion according to configuration file with the MDA server in the mail server system and comprises:
NameServer is according to according to the condition information of each the MDA server in the configuration file and the network area at each MDA server place, and the mail delivery acting server that will be in the same network area is divided in the same subregion.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, describedly selects the MDA server to comprise according to query requests:
Select a subregion according to query requests; From selected subregion, select a grouping; From selected grouping, select a MDA server.
9. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, before described steps A, the delivering mail server list of at least two NameServer and an acquiescence is set, and described steps A and B comprise:
The MTA server sends query requests to a NameServer at random according to the mail of required transmission;
When described NameServe did not return the address of MDA server or returns error message, then the MTA server sent query requests to another NameServe;
When all NameServer did not all return the address of MDA server or return error message, then the MTA server was from the delivering mail server list address that obtains the MDA server of acquiescence.
10. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, before described step B, the acquiescence delivery server of the overall situation is set in the configuration file of NameServer, and described step B comprises:
In the query requests that NameServe received, comprise a domain name, and when this domain name did not have corresponding MDA server in the configuration file of NameServe, NameServer returned the address of the acquiescence delivery server of the described overall situation to the MTA server according to query requests.
11. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this method also comprises:
When the proxy modules of MDA server broke down, the MDA server was to system alarm.
12. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, before described step B, the MDA server of acquiescence is set for each grouping in the configuration file of NameServer, described step B comprises:
When all the MDA servers in the grouping all broke down, NameServer returned the address of the MDA server of described acquiescence to the MTA server according to query requests.
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CN102984051B (en) * 2012-12-20 2017-03-15 广州市西美信息科技有限公司 A kind of e-mail sending method and method of reseptance and mail management system
CN103873564A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-06-18 浪潮集团山东通用软件有限公司 Method for realizing SignalR duplex communication under balanced load condition of multiple servers
CN103873564B (en) * 2014-02-28 2018-09-25 浪潮通用软件有限公司 Method for realizing SignalR duplex communication under multi-server load balancing condition
CN104883296A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-02 北京奇虎科技有限公司 E-mail forwarding mode and related system
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CN114615228A (en) * 2022-02-21 2022-06-10 深圳市世强元件网络有限公司 E-mail pushing method and system
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