CN101168348A - Double-mode electric variable transmission device with equal advance and reverse gear input diffluence modality characteristic - Google Patents
Double-mode electric variable transmission device with equal advance and reverse gear input diffluence modality characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN101168348A CN101168348A CN 200610164652 CN200610164652A CN101168348A CN 101168348 A CN101168348 A CN 101168348A CN 200610164652 CN200610164652 CN 200610164652 CN 200610164652 A CN200610164652 A CN 200610164652A CN 101168348 A CN101168348 A CN 101168348A
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Abstract
An electric variable transmitter comprises a power supply, three differential gear groups, a first and a second motor/generator connected with at least one gear group, and a torque transmitter, wherein an input element via a differential gear group transmits power from the power supply to an output element, the torque transmitter can be selectively meshed to provide an input division first electric variable mode and a composite power division second electric variable mode with same forward and backward speed ratios relative to a preset input speed. In forward and backward electric variable mode, the torque provided by the power supply is added into the torque provided by the second motor/generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be selectively operated in the electric variable transmission device of power dividing type variable-speed ratio scope and fixed speed ratio, this electric variable transmission device has three compound planet gears, two motor/generators and a plurality of torque transmitter to reach the speed range of equal advancing (forward) and reverse gear (reverse).
Background technology
Combustion engine, particularly stroke piston combustion engine are driving most vehicle at present.The device that this driving engine is efficient relatively, compactness, light weight, cost is low is useful mechanical horsepower by this device with the highly enriched transformation of energy of fuel form.A kind of novel driving system that can be used and can reduce consumption of fuel and discharging with combustion engine can be brought huge interests to the public.
The confidential extensive variation of asking has increased consumption of fuel and discharging to vehicle to internal combustion, has exceeded the ideal state of this driving engine.Typically, vehicle is by a kind of like this engine drive, and this driving engine utilizes miniature electric motor to start from cold state with relative less storage battery, is placed rapidly then under the load of propelling and accessory equipment.This driving engine also moves in wide speed range and wide load range, and typically moves when about 1/5 aviation value of its maximum power output.
Vehicle transmission gear generally is sent to the mechanical horsepower from driving engine the remainder of drive system, such as fixing final drive gear device, axletree and wheel.The representative type mechanical drive allows in engine operation some degree of freedom are arranged, usually by alternately selecting 5 or 6 different drive ratios, when stationary vehicle, allow the power operation accessory equipment and allow power-transfer clutch or torque converter seamlessly transits and make the neutral gear selection that vehicle starts between each drive ratio when engine rotation from static.The driving device gear is typically selected to allow ratio that the power from driving engine descends with torque multiplication and speed, is reduced with the ratio of speed multiplication or be sent to the remainder of drive system with the reverse gear ratio to be called as overdriven torque.
Electrical generator can change the mechanical horsepower from driving engine into electric power, and electrical motor can be the remainder that mechanical horsepower is used for driver for vehicle with this electric power reverse transformation with different torques and speed.This device allows to change continuously the ratio of torque and speed in the limit at electric machinery between the remainder of driving engine and drive system.Can be added to storage battery in this device, form the series hybrid power drive system as the thrust power source.
Serial hybrid system allows driving engine to be independent of the required power of torque, speed and propelled vehicles to a certain extent and moves, thereby the driving engine discharging and the efficient that can Be Controlled are used to improve.This system allow to be installed in motor on the driving engine as electrical motor work with fire an engine.This system also allows to be installed in motor on the remainder of messenger chain as electrical generator work, by regenerative brake from the energy recovery of car retardation to battery.Series electrical drives and to suffer weight, in electrical generator whole engine powers from machinery be transformed into electricity and the loss of useful energy from the cost of the enough electromechanical that are converted into machinery of electricity and these conversions driving motor.
The power dividing type driving device can use a kind of be understood that usually " compensating gear ", but to obtain the continually varying torque between input and output and the ratio of speed.Electric variable transmission device can utilize compensating gear to send it by a part of power that pair of motors/electrical generator transmitted.But the remainder of its power by fixed ratio or instead another parallel path full machinery and straight of selection ratio flow.
As known to those skilled in the art, a kind of form of compensating gear can be formed compound planet gear.Planetary gear apparatus is with its compactedness and have the advantage employed preferred embodiment in the differential gear invention normally of the ratio of different torques and speed in compound planet gear between all parts.Yet, also can construct the present invention without planetary wheel, such as by always using finishing bevel gear cuter or other gears in the device of the weighted average of two other part speed at the rotative speed of at least one part of gear cluster.
The Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (HEV) driving system also comprises one or more apparatus for storing electrical energy.Typical devices is a chemical storage batteries, but can also comprise condenser or the mechanical device that drives flywheel such as electricity.The mechanical horsepower output of apparatus for storing electrical energy permission from the driving system to the vehicle is different from the mechanical input power from the driving engine to the driving system.This battery or other devices are also considered by driving system fire an engine and regeneration car brakeing.
Electric variable transmission device in the vehicle can be sent to final drive device mouth with mechanical horsepower from the driving engine input end simply.In order to accomplish this point, by an electric power balance electrical Q that motor/generator produced with by electric power that other motor/generators consumed.By using above-mentioned storage battery, can be greater than or less than the electric power that consumes by other motor/generators by an electric power that motor/generator produced.The electric power of battery can allow the motor/generator both as electrical motor work sometimes, especially auxiliary engine when vehicle quickens.Two electrical motors sometimes can be as electrical generator work particularly to charge the battery when regenerating car brakeing.
The successful replacement scheme of series hybrid formula driving device is to be the double range of vehicle for public transport manufacturing, input by-pass type (input-split) and compound by-pass type (compound-split) electric variable transmission device now, it is disclosed on August 3rd, 1999 patent No. with the common Michael R.Schmidt that transfers the possession of of the application that deliver is in the US Patent of No.5931757, and its full content is in this combined reference.A kind of like this driving device utilizes input media from the vehicle motor received power, and utilizes the power output device horsepower output with powered vehicle.First and second motor/generators are connected to energy accumulating device (such as battery), so that energy accumulating device can provide power from the first and second motor/generator received powers and to it.Control unit is adjusted among energy accumulating device and the motor/generator and the power circuit between first and second motor/generators.
The power-transfer clutch that utilization has first and second torque transmitter character can optionally be realized the operation under the first and second variable-speed ratio operational modes.In first pattern, form horsepower input by-pass type ratio coverage by using first clutch, and the speed of the output speed of driving device and a motor/generator is proportional.In second pattern, form hybrid power by-pass type ratio coverage by using second clutch, and the output speed of driving device is not proportional with the speed of any one motor/generator, but the algebraically linear combination of two motor/generator speed.Can optionally realize operation under the fixed conveyor speed ratio (speed ratio) by using two power-transfer clutchs.By discharging two power-transfer clutchs, driving engine being separated with the driving device mouth with two motor/generators can optionally realize the operation of driving device under neutral mode.Driving device in its first operational mode in conjunction with at least one mechanical. points, and in its second operational mode in conjunction with at least two mechanical. points.
On March 4th, 2003 is that deliver, disclose a kind of electric variable transmission device with people's such as common that transfer the possession of, the Holmes of the application U.S. Patent No. 6527658, its full content is in this combined reference, and this electric variable transmission device utilizes two compound planet gears, two motor/generators and two power-transfer clutchs that input by-pass type, compound by-pass type, neutral gear and reverse gear operational mode are provided.Two compound planet gears can be simple or one can be compound separately.Electric control unit is adjusted in the power circuit among energy accumulating device and two motor/generators.This driving device provides two scopes or the pattern of electric variable transmission device (EVT) operation, and horsepower input by-pass type ratio coverage and hybrid power by-pass type ratio coverage optionally are provided.Also can optionally realize a fixed speed ratio.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of electric variable transmission device that has some advantages than traditional automatic driver that is used for hybrid vehicle, described advantage comprises the vehicle accelerating ability energy of improvement, the starting of improvement and the reverse gear power capability that strengthens.An object of the present invention is provides possible optimum capacity efficient and discharging for given driving engine.In addition, make every effort to realize optimum performance, capacity, packing measurement and the ratio ranges of driving device.
Electric variable transmission device of the present invention have first, second and the 3rd differential gear set, two can intercourse as motor and a plurality of selectable torque transmitter of electrical motor or electrical generator work.Preferably, this differential gear set is a compound planet gear, but also can implement other gear arrangement, such as finishing bevel gear cuter or the compensating gear for offset axis.This torque transmitter optionally is engageable, has the input by-pass type first electric changeable mode that advances with the reverse gear ratio scope to provide.For given input speed, this advance and the reverse gear scope have equal advance and reverse gear ratio (also promptly given engine speed, the given first motor/generator speed and during the given second motor/generator speed, the forward direction speed ratio equals reverse gear ratio (though direction is opposite)).The basic fixed forward and reverse gear ratio that equates also can be realized.First gear cluster is interconnected between the input block and second motor/generator in such a way, and this mode can make link between in second motor/generator and other gear clusters one with the direction rotation identical with described input block.This has guaranteed that the torque that provides from power source will be added in the torque that second motor/generator provided at output block.
In this specification sheets, this first, second and the third line star gear cluster can from left to right count or several from right to left.
Each compound planet gear all has three parts.First, second of each compound planet gear or the 3rd parts can be any one in the frame parts of sun gear parts, ring gear component or pinion carrier assembly unit.
According to the expection ratio of each gear cluster, each frame parts can be in single inventiona pinion carrier (simply) or the double pinion frame (combination).
Input block is connected with one parts in the gear cluster continuously, preferably is connected with first parts of first compound planet gear.Output block is connected with one other parts in the gear cluster continuously, preferably is connected with second or parts of one of the third line star gear cluster.
Preferably, interconnecting member connects the parts of second compound planet gear and the parts of the third line star gear cluster continuously.
First motor/generator be installed to transmission gearbox (or ground) and be connected to the parts of first compound planet gear continuously, preferably on second parts.
Second motor/generator be installed to transmission gearbox and be connected to the parts of the third line star gear cluster continuously, preferably on the 3rd parts.
Optionally torque transmitter is meshed separately or is meshed with the combination of two or three, thus the EVT that obtains having continuously variable speed scope (comprising reverse gear) and can reach the forward direction speed ratio of six mechanical fixation." fixed speed ratio " is a kind of operating condition, wherein mechanically is passed to mouth to the input of the mechanical horsepower of driving device, and in motor/generator power demand stream (that is, almost nil) not.For given maximum capacity, realize that optionally the electric variable transmission device that several fixing speed ratios are used for moving near full engine power can be smaller and low weight.When moving under the speed of the driving engine not using motor/generator can the operating mode near its optimum value, the fixed ratio operation can also cause lower consumption of fuel.By suitably selecting the tooth ratio of compound planet gear, can realize the expansion of various fixed speed ratio and variable ratio.
Each embodiment of disclosed electric variable transmission device has a kind of structure, and wherein transmission input end and mouth are not directly connected to motor/generator.This makes that the size of desired motor/generator reduces to reduce with cost, to realize the vehicle performance of expection.
First of torque transmitter, second, the 3rd (with the selectable the 4th, the the 5th and the 6th) individual and first and second motor/generators can move, so that various running statees to be provided in electric variable transmission device, advance and reverse gear advanced state (that is, " battery mode ") comprising the energy storage, EVT reverse gear input diffluence formula, the fixed ratio reverse gear mode, with EVT input shunting first forward mode (pattern I) and compound shunting second pattern (pattern II) (pattern I and pattern II comprise the scope of continuous variable), input and the speed ratio of exporting almost with the fixed rate forward travel state that equates of reverse gear stationary state, with multiple other fixed ratio state that advances.For given input speed, in EVT reverse gear, battery reverse gear, fixedly advance under the situation of starting output block/input block or suitable motor/generator of reverse gear, fixed forward starting and EVT equates basically with the speed or the torque ratio of output block.EVT advances and the reverse gear originate mode is the input diffluence formula.The compound by-pass type second electric variable forward mode also can be provided.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, understand above-mentioned characteristic of the present invention and advantage and other characteristic and advantage easily from the following detailed description of implementing best mode of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing of dynamical system that comprises first embodiment of electric variable transmission device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the chart of the relative output speed of parts speed of different parts of the dynamical system of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the scheme drawing of dynamical system that comprises second embodiment of electric variable transmission device of the present invention; With
Fig. 4 is the chart of the relative output speed of parts speed of different parts of the driving device of Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein same Reference numeral is represented same parts, and Fig. 1 illustrates dynamical system 10, comprises being connected to the general driving engine 12 of an embodiment with numeral 14 electric variable transmission devices of representing (EVT).This driving device 14 is designed to receive at least a portion from its driving power of driving engine 12.Driving engine 12 has an output shaft, and this output shaft is as the input block 17 of this driving device 14.Also can between the input block 17 of driving engine 12 and driving device 14, implement instantaneous torque damper (not shown).
In described embodiment, driving engine 12 can be a kind of fossil fuel driving engine, obtains the diesel motor that its available output of typically being transmitted with per minute constant revolution (rmp) is exported such as being applicable to.
No matter how driving engine 12 is connected to driving device input block 17, this driving device input block 17 operationally is connected to first node 20.In the context of the present invention, " node " is meant three point of crossing in more power paths, power can by this point of crossing between the power path or among distribute.For example, node can from a power path received power and with this power between two independent power paths or among distribute.Similarly, node can be from two power path received powers, and with power delivery to the three power paths.In Fig. 1, compound planet gear 20 plays the effect of this power division node.The example that can be used as the device of node comprise have the sun gear parts, compound planet gear of ring gear component and pinion carrier assembly unit, dual path power-transfer clutch, differentiator, La Weinashi (Ravigneaux) gear cluster etc.Power path can comprise input shaft, output shaft, motor/generator, the rotatable parts etc. that are connected to each other.This driving device 14 also comprises Section Point 30 and the 3rd node 40.Within the scope of the present invention, node 20,30,40 compound planet gear preferably.Therefore, the remainder of this specification sheets can be called compound planet gear with node.
This compound planet gear 20 uses the outer gear part 24 that is commonly referred to ring gear component.These ring gear component 24 circumscribed internal gear parts 22 that are commonly called the sun gear parts.Pinion carrier assembly unit 26 comprises the frame parts 29 that support a plurality of planetary gear members 27 with rotation mode, makes each planetary gear member 27 all mesh the ring gear component 24 and the sun gear parts 22 of first compound planet gear 20.Input block 17 is fixed on the frame parts 29 of compound planet gear 20.
Interconnecting member 70 links together sun gear parts 32 and sun gear parts 42 continuously.In addition, interconnecting member 72 interconnects ring gear component 34 and pinion carrier parts 49 continuously.
This driving device 14 is also respectively in conjunction with first and second motor/generators 80 and 82.Motor/ generator 80,82 is also referred to as unit A and unit B.Stator 80a, the 82a of corresponding motor/ generator 80,82 are fixed on the drive housing 60.The rotor 80b of unit A is fixed on the sun gear parts 22.The rotor 82b of unit B is fixed on the ring gear component 44 by link 71.Compound planet gear 20 is designed (by the gear number of teeth and driving engine 12 being connected to pinion carrier assembly unit 26) and unit B 82 Be Controlled, makes link 71 with the direction rotation identical with driving engine 12.Output block 19 is fixed on the frame parts 39.
The application of torque transmitter (drg) 50 (being shown schematically as MI F) (promptly, engagement) parts (sun gear parts 42) with compound planet gear 40 are connected with fixing drive housing 60, as described below, realize the ratio that advances by output block 19 being rotated with the direction that advances final drive device 16 and vehicle being rotated with the driving direction that advances.Similarly, the application of torque transmitter (drg 52) (being shown schematically as MI R) is with the parts (pinion carrier assembly unit 46) and drive housing 60 engagements of the third line star gear cluster 40, thereby the opposite sense rotation that output block 19 is joined with the reverse gear directional correlation with output block 19 and final drive device 16, thereby produce vehicle reverse gear direction.It should be noted that both mesh simultaneously if make drg 50 and drg 52, then drive housing 60 keeps planetary wheels 30 and 40 both are static.Like this, if vehicle is parked on the slope, then make drg 50 and 52 engagements will allow drive housing 60 to provide reactive torque to prevent that torque (owing to gravity) from rolling when being applied to output block.Because motor/generator neither is used to carry out this braking function, so electric load is lowered.
It should be noted that equally " pattern " of operation relates to the ratio of input and output by the situation of the speed control of unit A and unit B, and " ratio " meaning is the fixed speed ratio between the input and output.
Because second motor/generator, 82 Be Controlled of the driving device of Fig. 1 14 always make with advance at pattern I or pattern I reverse gear in the identical direction of driving engine 12 rotate, so starting can occur in advance or reverse gear range mode I in.Come the implementation pattern I ratio that advances by (MI F) drg 50 and power-transfer clutch 56 engagements that pattern I is advanced.Similarly, by pattern I reverse gear (MI R) drg 52 and power-transfer clutch 56 engagements are come implementation pattern I reverse gear.Because first compound planet gear 20 pattern I advance or pattern I reverse gear in be used in the same way, so between these two kinds of patterns, be that the gear number of teeth by gear cluster 30 and 40 is determined in the difference aspect the torque performance.Such as the skilled artisan will appreciate, for given input speed, these numbers of teeth can be selected with advancing and the reverse gear torque performance of obtaining equating.When output block 19 was in zero velocity (that is, being in idle running), drg 50,52 can be by synchronized gear shift.As below with reference to shown in chart the best of Fig. 2 with described the same because when zero output speed, unit B 82 is with in zero RPM operation, so this is possible.When unit B 82 was in zero RPM, all element speeds of the teeth parts of compound planet gear 30,40 all were zero velocitys.Because two 30,40 in three compound planet gears are maintained at zero rotating speed when idle running, so this synchronized gear shift has reduced speed without load friction rotational loss.
Unit A/ unit B/driving engine locking power-transfer clutch
For higher acceleration and efficient performance further is provided, as shown in Figure 1, operating unit A/ unit B/driving engine locking power-transfer clutch (54) is added in the driving device 14.Lock-up clutch 54 can be engaged with unit A 80 with driving engine 12 be connected to come respectively with frame parts 29 that both are used for common rotation with driving engine 12 lockings with unit A and unit B 80,82, all provide torques to give link 71 to allow these three as the drive source operation.(because unit A 80 is connected to sun gear parts 22 and frame parts 29 on both when power-transfer clutch 54 is engaged, for common rotation, this compound planet gear 20 locks together lock cell A 80, unit B 82 and driving engine 12, to allow the cranking power of associating).This just allows starting to occur in that EVT pattern I advances or in EVT pattern I reverse gear.Starting and synchronized gear shift to the first fixed mode guarantee smoothly to be converted into and to arrive for consuming device the release of this High Performance operational mode in the EVT pattern.This driving device can advance or reverse gear in to carry out this EVT be first fixed mode.What note is, power-transfer clutch 54 (with power-transfer clutch 56 engagements) provides and advances and first range of operation of reverse gear mechanical caging, and wherein driving engine, unit A and unit B are locked, and advances and reverse gear ratio is selected by MI F and MI R engage brake 50,52 respectively.Other fixed range also is available.
Power mode/tail-off separates and the engine starting braking
Driving device 14 can also provide selectable additional function to come fire an engine and powered vehicle to allow only to utilize energy accumulating device or electric power source 86 (rather than the energy that is provided by driving engine 12) (such as the battery of one of main motor/ electrical generator 80,82).Such as the skilled artisan will appreciate, energy transmits between battery 86 and motor/ generator 80,82 by controller 88.Electric power source 86 can be one or more battery.The ability that provides or store and distribute is provided other electric power sources such as fuel cell and ultra-capacitor, and under the situation that does not change the principle of the invention, electric power source can be substituted by battery.ECU 88 programming rotate with a direction to guarantee unit B 82, and feasible torque from unit B 82 is on link 71 places are added to torque from driving engine 12.
It should be noted that electricity starting and electric driving can be provided to avoid the nuisance vibration interaction independently of one another.Especially, disengagement gear 56 (being preferably the torque transmitter such as power-transfer clutch) can be thrown off, so that Ring gear 24 disengagings, and therefore driving engine 12 is separated from from unit B 82 and link 71.When torque transmitter 56 is separated, unit B 82 can be used for torque is offered link 71, and by with advance or the corresponding gear cluster of reverse gear 30,40 offers output block 19 with torque.Those skilled in the art are confessed to be, when torque transmitter 56 was engaged, unit B connected the ring gear component 24 of compound planet gear 20.Because frame parts 29 are connected with driving engine 12, sun gear parts 22 are connected with unit A 80, so compound planet gear 20 has three geared parts all to mesh, therefore be activated to provide torque (according to selecting forward mode I drg 50 or reverse gear mode I drg 52) that torque is offered final drive device 16 by output block 19 to driving engine by compound planet gear 30 or 40.Yet when separation torque transmitter 56 was not engaged, compound planet gear 20 was not activated, and motor torque is broken away from from output block 19.In that situation, unit B 82 can be used for providing driving torque to output block 19.
Driving device 14 can have drg 58, it can be engaged providing the mechanical fixed ratio to connect between unit A 80 and driving engine 12, and provides reactive torque to play the starter of driving engine 12 to allow unit A 80 at drive housing 60 places.Brake application device 58 provides the ability of electricity starting to be provided to begin starting by eliminating the Section Point power circuit to guarantee maximum torque by unit A 80, and needs minimum power.This configuration among Fig. 1 also for the input shaft of driving engine 12 provide three-to-four-fold in the torque of unit A so that very fast starting to be provided.When separating torque transmitter 56 by disengaging, drg 58 is engaged to pass through unit A 80 fire an engine 12 by this way.Thereby, separate torque transmitter 56 and guarantee to drive the electricity starting that is independent of by unit A 80 driving engine 12 by the electricity of unit B 82.When the inertia energy of compound planet gear 30 and 40 when the electricity that carries out driving engine 12 by unit A 80 is during starts not on the mechanical path between unit A 80 and driving engine 12, this causes the smooth starting with required minimum start-up energy.
The regenerative motor inertia that driving device 14 can be used to the gear shift energy recovers.This finishes by controller 88 is programmed, and makes unit A 80 obtain the engine rotation energy as electrical generator, and wherein this engine rotation energy temporarily is not utilized when clutches engaged changes during gear shift.
Fig. 1 illustrates a torque transmitter 59 (such as power-transfer clutch), and it can be engaged so that the element of node 20 and the element of the second and the 3rd node 30,40 are linked together.By power-transfer clutch 59, node 20 to the connection of node 40 set up the second electric changeable mode, pattern II.Power-transfer clutch 59 can be called as pattern II power-transfer clutch and connect with driving engine 12 input ends.When pattern II power-transfer clutch 59 was engaged, MI F drg 50 was broken away from synchronously, obtained the hybrid power by-pass type electric changeable mode II that advances.Like this, by connecting input differentiator (being node or gear cluster 20) and reverse gear ratio module (promptly, node 40), when finishing, passes through pattern I the engagement of clutch mode II 59, the second electric changeable mode is established, and as realizing higher vehicle propulsion speed and the efficient way use of guaranteeing the low electric power loss.
First torque transmitter, pattern I (MI F) drg 50 that advances optionally connects sun gear parts 42 and drive housing 60.Second torque transmitter, pattern I reverse gear (MI R) drg 52 be link span parts 49 and drive housing 60 optionally.The 3rd torque transmitter, power-transfer clutch 54 optionally linkage unit A 80 and driving engine 12 and with frame parts 29.The 4th torque transmitter, cut-off clutch 56 optionally connect second motor/generator 82 and ring gear component 24.The 5th torque transmitter, drg 58 optionally connect ring gear component 24 and drive housing 60.At last, the 6th torque transmitter, pattern II power-transfer clutch 59 optionally connect input block 17 and frame parts 49 by interconnecting member 72.Use torque transmitter 50,52,56,58 and 59 to participate in selecting the serviceability of hybrid transmission 14, will give hereinafter to illustrate more fully equally.The operation of the situation underdrive device that is engaged at two other power-transfer clutchs when power-transfer clutch 56 is engaged produces the fixed speed ratio of the input and the output of this driving device, and is can be selecteed when driving engine moves.
Overall operation is considered
One of elementary control setup that is used for automatic driver is well-known drive range finder (not shown), and it instructs electronic control unit (controller or ECU 88) to come to dispose driving device at parking, reverse gear, neutral or the drive range that advances.The second and the 3rd elementary control setup is made up of acceleration pedal (not shown) and brake pedal (also not shown).Be called as " mechanical arm requires (operator demand) " by ECU 88 from the information that these three elementary control sources obtain.ECU 88 also obtains information about the state of following aspect from a plurality of sensors (input and output), i.e. torque transmitter (be employed or discharge); Engine output torque; Unified standard battery or battery pack, capacitance level; And the temperature of selected vehicle assembly.ECU 88 determines what needs, and the assembly of handling selectively actuatable driving device or relevant with driving device then comes suitably operation response person's requirement.
Driving device can adopt simple or compound compound planet gear.In the simple planetary group, the pinion carrier assembly unit comprises single group planetary gear member, and described planetary gear member generally is supported to be used for to rotate on rotatable parts itself.
In the simple planetary group, when the sun gear parts keep static, when power is applied in to the ring gear component of simple planetary group, planetary gear member is in response to being applied in to the power of ring gear component and rotate, so center on fixing sun gear parts along circumference " walking ", so that the frame parts are according to the direction rotation identical with the ring gear component hand of rotation.
When any two parts of simple planetary group on identical direction during with identical speed rotation, the 3rd parts are forced to identical speed towards identical direction rotation.For example, when sun gear parts and ring gear component to identical direction during with identical speed rotation, planetary gear member is around its own axle rotation, but a chock be used for whole unit is locked together, to realize so-called direct drive.That is to say that the frame parts are along with sun gear and Ring gear rotate together.
But, when two geared parts during on identical direction but with the rotation of different speed, the direction of the 3rd geared parts rotation often can be determined by visual analysis simply, but in many cases, direction is also non-obvious, and can only could correctly be determined by the existing number of teeth on all geared parts of knowing compound planet gear.
Can not rotate freely and power is applied in to sun gear parts or ring gear component as long as the frame parts are suppressed, planetary gear member just plays idle pulley.Like this, passive element is towards the direction rotation opposite with drive element.So, in many drivings device, when selecting reverse drive range, the torque transmitter friction launch that plays the drg effect is with engagement frame parts, and so suppresses its rotation and cause the power that is applied in to the sun gear parts that ring gear component will be rotated in the opposite direction.So if ring gear component is connected to the drive wheel of vehicle when moving, then this configuration can make the hand of rotation of drive wheel reverse, thereby makes the direction of vehicle itself reverse.
In simple planetary parts group, if any two rotative speeds in sun gear parts, frame parts and the ring gear component are known, then the speed of the 3rd parts can be determined with simple rule.The rotative speed of frame parts is always proportional with the speed of sun gear parts and ring gear component, with they number of teeth weightings separately.For example, in same group, the number of teeth of ring gear component can be the twice of the sun gear parts number of teeth.So the speed of frame parts is 1/3 sums of 2/3 and sun gear parts speed of ring gear component speed.If a rotation in the opposite direction in these three parts is then born at the arithmetic sign of the speed of parts described in the mathematical computations.
Torque on sun gear parts, frame parts and the ring gear component also can be relative to each other simply, do not consider the quality of gear, the acceleration/accel of gear or the friction force in the gear cluster if do like this, all these influences in the good driving device of design are relatively very little.The torque that is applied on the sun gear parts in the simple planetary group must make the torque balance that is applied on the ring gear component, and is proportional with the number of teeth of each in these gears.For example, the number of teeth of ring gear component is the twice of the sun gear parts number of teeth in described group, and the torque that is applied on the ring gear component must be the twice that is applied to the torque on the sun gear parts, and must be applied in same direction.Being applied to torque and the torque sum on the ring gear component on torque and the sun gear parts on the pinion carrier assembly unit must value equate and direction is opposite.
In the dual planetary gear group, to compare with the simple planetary group, the utilization of interior group of planetary gear member and outer group is exchanged on acting on ring gear component and frame parts.For example, static if the sun gear parts keep, the frame parts will rotate in the same way with ring gear component, rotate sooner than ring gear component but have the frame parts of organizing in the planetary wheel with outer group, rather than slower.
In having meshing planetary gear in group and the dual planetary gear group organized outward, the speed of the speed of the speed of ring gear component and sun gear parts and frame parts is proportional, respectively with the number of teeth of sun gear parts and the number of teeth weighting of being filled by planetary gear member.For example, the difference between the ring gear component and the sun gear parts of filling by planetary gear member may with on the same group in number of teeth as much on the sun gear parts.Under described situation, the speed of ring gear component will be 1/3 sum of 2/3 and sun gear parts speed of frame parts speed.If sun gear parts or frame parts rotate in the opposite direction, then bear at the arithmetic sign of speed described in the mathematical computations.
If it is static that the sun gear parts keep, the frame parts that then have group and outer group in the planetary gear member will rotate towards the direction identical with the ring gear component that rotates in described group.On the other hand, if it is static that the sun gear parts keep, and the frame parts are driven, and roll or " walking " along the sun gear parts with sun gear parts planet gear meshed parts in the then interior group, along the direction rotation identical with the direction of described parts rotation.With interior group in pinion outside the group in miniature gears will rotate in the opposite direction, so force the ingear ring gear component to rotate in the opposite direction, but only with respect to described ring gear component planet gear meshed parts.Planetary gear member in the outer group is driven along the direction of frame parts.The considerable influence of the rotation of the miniature gears in the outer group orbiting motion that planetary gear member takes place owing to the motion of frame parts to its own axle influence with in organizing outward is combined, so ring gear component rotates towards the direction identical with the frame parts, but not the same with the frame parts fast.
In such dual planetary gear group, static if the frame parts keep, and the sun gear parts are rotated, then ring gear component will rotate on the direction identical with the sun gear parts with lower speed.If it is static that the ring gear component in the simple planetary group keeps, and the sun gear parts are rotated, and then support the frame parts of single group of planetary gear member to rotate on the direction identical with the sun gear parts with lower speed.So compare with the usage of single group of planetary gear member in the simple planetary group, the effect that can be easy to observe between frame parts and the ring gear component is exchanged, and this exchange is to be caused by interior group of the planetary gear member that is engaged with each other and the use of outer group.
The normal effect of electric variable transmission device is that mechanical horsepower is delivered to mouth from input end.As the part of this driving device effect, an electrical generator that plays electric power in its two motor/generators.Another motor/generator plays electrical motor, and uses described electric power.Along with output speed increases at a high speed from zero, two effects that motor/ generator 80,82 exchanges gradually as electrical generator and electrical motor, and can exchange more than once.These exchanges occur near the mechanical. points, and here all power from the input end to the mouth all mechanically transmit basically, and do not have prime power to transmit in the mode of electric power.
In the hybrid battery variable transmission, battery 86 also can be powered to driving device, and perhaps driving device is to powered battery.If battery to the basic electric power of driving device supply, for example makes vehicle quicken, then two motor/generators all play electrical motor.If driving device to powered battery, for example is used for regenerative brake, then two all effects of starter/generator of motor/generator.Because the electrical Q in the system, near the mechanical. points place of operation, two motor/generators can also work to have the electrical generator of little electric power output very.
Opposite with the normal effect of driving device, in fact driving device can be used to transmit mechanical horsepower from mouth to input end, this can realize in vehicle to replenish the regenerative brake of car brakeing and enhancing or additional vehicle, particularly when growing apart from descending (long downward grading).If the power circuit by driving device is reverse by this way, the effect when then the effect of motor/generator will be with normal running is opposite.
Concrete operation is considered
Here (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) described each embodiment has many running statees.These running statees are described below.
First running state is that " energy storage supply reverse gear advances pattern." in this pattern, though because the rotatory inertia of driving engine also has some remaining torques, tail-off and the not launched machine torque of driver element that is connected to driving engine are controlled.This EVT is used to from the energy of energy storage device to cause vehicle oppositely to move by a driving in the motor/generator.According to the kinematics configuration, other motor/generator can or cannot rotate in this pattern, and can or cannot transmitting torque.If its rotation, it will be used to produce the energy that is stored in the battery.In the embodiment in figure 1, at the reverse battery state, drg 52 is engaged, and motor/generator 80 has zero torque, and motor/generator 82 provides the reverse gear torque ratio by the gear cluster 30 and 40 that activates.
Second running state is " EVT a reverse gear mode." drive in the EVT reverse gear mode at this, supply with driving device for one in launched machine of power and the motor/generator.Another motor/generator operates in generator mode, and gives control module 88 with the energy back that is produced, and this control module 88 can be transmitted its power to battery or driving motor.Net effect is the reverse drive vehicle.With reference to figure 1, in the EVT reverse gear mode, drg 52 and power-transfer clutch 56 are engaged.Under the situation that power-transfer clutch 56 is engaged, gear cluster 20 is activated, the effect of unit A 80 starter/generators, and unit B 82 provides power to final drive device 16 on (reverse gear) direction opposite with input block 17.In described unit B, this gear schematically is unique, and motor torque all is positive, thereby additional torque input is provided for gear cluster 30 and 40, so the reverse gear mechanical dominance is provided for output block 19.
The 3rd running state comprises reverse gear and advances fixing low ratio operation.In this state, both drive launched machine of driving device and/or motor/generator.With reference to figure 1, in reverse gear and forward mode, power-transfer clutch 54,56 and 50 or 52 (foundation is advanced or whether the reverse gear starting is supposed to) is engaged.In this pattern, any as expected equally can be independently as electrical motor or generator operation in the motor/generator.
The 4th running state is " a continuous variable transmission range mode ", and it comprises about Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4 and described EVT scope.In this pattern, the launched machine of this EVT and as in the motor/generator of electrical motor operation one drive.Another motor/generator is given control module 88 as generator operation and with the energy back that is produced usually.Unit second is to depend on the power of battery, internal speed, engine power and many other factors as electrical motor or the real-world operation of electrical generator.For given input speed, in the continuum of the forward speed ratio that EVT provided, the operating point of being represented by the EVT forward mode is the point that disperses.
The 5th running state comprises " fixed ratio " pattern.In this pattern, driving device moves as traditional automatic driver, and wherein three torque transmitter engagements are to produce discrete transmitting ratio.Be engaged and under the situation of additional brake on the unit B at power-transfer clutch 56, between input block 17 and output block 19, provide to reach 6 and advance and 1 reverse gear fixed mechanical ratio rate.
Driving device 14 can be with so-called single or dual mode operated.In monotype, it is identical that the ingear torque transmitter keeps on the whole continuum of forward speed ratio.In double mode, the ingear torque transmitter is converted (for example, the line 120 of Fig. 2) when certain intermediate speed ratio.According to mechanical arrangements, this variation in the torque transmitter engagement helps reducing the element speeds in the driving device and improves power circuit and efficient.
In this driving device, might make the sliding velocity of clutch element synchronous, so that when the minimum torque disturbance, can realize gear shift (so-called " cold " gear shift).For example, the driving device of Fig. 1 has cold gear shift at (that is, online 120 on output speed place) between scope 134 and 138.Speed with driving engine 12 on the speed of frame parts 39 online 120 is identical.Under this condition, arrangement of clutch can synchronous applications.Therefore this device, be that MII power-transfer clutch 59 does not have waste of power and do not have temperature to rise, thereby term " cold " gear shift is arranged.
With reference to figure 1, the compound planet gear 20,30 of driving device 14 can be with desired different so that obtain desired speed ratio with 40 wheel tooth ratio again.Driving device 14 can be obtained up to few 6 forward speed ratios (if drg (not shown) is added to unit B or unit B is moved as magnet stopper) and one fixedly reverse gear, a variable reverse gear of electricity and a battery reverse gear ratio.For example, the tooth of supposing compound planet gear 20 is than (both N
R1/ S
R1) be 1.954 (number of teeth for ring gear component 24 and sun gear parts 22 is respectively 86 and 44), the N of compound planet gear 30
R2/ S
R2Value be 2.774 (number of teeth for ring gear component 34 and sun gear parts 32 is respectively 86 and 31), and the N of compound planet gear 40
R3/ S
R3Value be 1.954 (number of teeth for ring gear component 44 and sun gear parts 42 is respectively 86 and 44), so unit B is that-1.931 reverse gear ratio can obtain by engaged clutch 52 and 56 with respect to output block 19.Similarly, unit B is that 2.057 the forward speed ratio that equates basically can obtain by engaged clutch 50 and 56 with respect to output block 19.The first electric variable forward speed ratio is obtained in pattern I, and is the variable starting operation pattern of the first input by-pass type.
For the operational mode that obtains to have more speed and efficient, compound shunt mode II, power-transfer clutch 59 can be engaged simultaneously when power-transfer clutch 50 is thrown off.In addition, when power-transfer clutch 59,58 and 56 is engaged, just realized mechanical fixation operational mode efficiently.
Energy storage advance advance or the reverse gear state under fire an engine be to finish by the power that slave controller 88 is supplied to unit A.When power-transfer clutch 56 when unit B is thrown off, provide these electricity of power to advance and reverse gear ratio is available by unit B.Can be used for more detailed example that the speed ratio of the embodiment of the invention changes is provided at respectively in the chart about Fig. 2 of the corresponding driving device of Fig. 1 and 3 and 4.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary operation at driving device 14, and the speed of various transmission components is with respect to the pattern description of output shaft speed.With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, the speed of driving engine 12 (with input shaft 17) represents that with line 110 speed of motor/generator 80 represents that with line 112 speed of motor/generator 82 is represented with line 114.In scope or pattern 130 are advanced in first of EVT operation, promptly before output shaft speed 114, power-transfer clutch 50 and 56 is engaged.Compound planet gear 20 is with the differential mode operation, and compound planet gear 30 and 40 is with torque multiplication pattern.Drive shaft speed 110 and corresponding engine speed are constant describing to simplify substantially in the driving device whole service.The speed that controller 88 makes first motor/generator 80 is started when about 8800rpm, and reduces along with the increase of output shaft speed.Simultaneously, the speed of second motor/generator 82 is starting when being zero, and increases along with the increase of output shaft speed.The speed of frame parts 39 and 49 (not shown in Fig. 2) is started when zero rpm, and increases pro rata with output shaft speed.From the chart of Fig. 2 obviously as seen, for given input or element speeds, the speed of motor/generator is (though direction is opposite) that equates in pattern 130 and in reverse gear electricity changeable mode 146, selects by engaged clutch 50 (for advancing) or power-transfer clutch 52 (for reverse gear) when power-transfer clutch 56 keeps engagement.
At output shaft speed 114 places, the speed of motor/generator 82 (unit B) surpasses the speed of driving engine 12, and the speed of motor/generator 80 (unit A) drops under the speed of driving engine 12.Constituted the pattern I range of operation of advancing by 130 and 134 indicated together speed ranges.During near 2200rpm, the differential velocity of pattern II power-transfer clutch 59 is zero at output speed 120, and driving device 14 is from an EVT scope or pattern I (comprising speed range 130,134) gear shift to the two EVT scopes or pattern II (comprising speed range 138 and 142).For this example, though unit A also is in zero velocity by chance, it may depend on the digital value in the gear cluster.At output shaft speed 120 places, because the engagement of power-transfer clutch 50 and 56, the speed of the speed of driving engine 12 and frame parts 49 is basic identical, power-transfer clutch 59 is engaged (and power-transfer clutch 50 is thrown off) under the situation that does not cause torque disturbance basically like this, to switch to the second electric changeable mode (pattern II) from the first electric changeable mode (pattern I).In pattern II, the speed of motor/generator 80 is along with the increase of output shaft speed increases continuously, and the speed of motor/generator 82 reduces along with the increase of output shaft speed.
The feature of this driving device 14 also is reverse gear mode 146.When zero output speed, power-transfer clutch 52 and 56 can be engaged. Compound planet gear 20,30 that activates and 40 ratio are so negative ratios, on the value with in EVT forward mode 130,134, be identical basically by the gear cluster 20 of activation, the value of 30 ratios that reached.Like this, in first pattern of advancing, the EVT path can accurately be moved, thereby has equal reverse gear characteristic.(fixing) reverse gear ratio of realizing machinery by engaged clutch 52,54 and 56 equals the tooth ratio of the Ring gear/sun gear of compound planet gear 30 and 40.
Driving device 14 can be realized reverse gear ratio in three kinds of different modes: separate " battery reverse gear " ratio by fixed ratio, electric variable ratio or driving engine.By power-transfer clutch 54 and 56 and the engagement of drg 52 realize fixedly reverse gear ratio.Under power-transfer clutch 54 ingear situations, because motor/generator 80 is connected to sun gear parts 22 and frame parts 29 on both, so gear cluster 20 stops.When zero output speed, the speed of unit B 82 is zero (as institute's note in the typical rate chart of Fig. 2).Like this, generator torque stream reaches the reverse gear fixed ratio by the 3rd gear cluster 40.
Under MI R drg 52 and power-transfer clutch 56 ingear situations, electric variable reverse gear ratio (EVT reverse gear) is implemented.This allows unit B 82 power to be provided for ring gear component 44, and driving engine 12 provides power and provide the output ratio at output block 19 places from frame parts 39 for frame parts 49.
When power-transfer clutch 56 was not engaged, battery reverse gear ratio was implemented, and make driving engine 12 be disconnected, and power-transfer clutch 52 was engaged, and allowed unit B 82 power to be provided for conversely output block 19.
By the engagement of power-transfer clutch 50 and 56, the pattern I electricity variable first scope speed ratio (for given input speed) that advances is implemented.When flowing through the compound planet gear 20 that activates from the torque of input shaft 17, the pattern I electricity variable first scope speed ratio that advances is an input shunting ratio.By synchromesh power-transfer clutch 54 so that unit A 80 is connected to frame parts 29, and thereby locking compound planet gear 20, unit A and unit B 80,82 and driving engine 12, thereby by at the fixedly low speed that provides of compound planet gear 30,40 places of combination drive transmission recently.
When the speed of unit A 80 is zero, come the implementation pattern I electricity variable second scope ratio (for given input speed) that advances by engaged clutch 50 and 56.When power-transfer clutch 50 and power-transfer clutch 59 boths are engaged, at shift point acquisition model I-pattern II fixed gear shift ratio.When the speed of unit A 80 equalled zero, for given input speed, the pattern II electricity variable first scope ratio that advances was implemented under power-transfer clutch 59 and power-transfer clutch 56 ingear situations.
Under the situation of engaged clutch 54 except power-transfer clutch 59 and 56, be that 1.00 fixing direct ratio is implemented.When sun gear parts 22 and frame parts 29 places provide the speed of unit A 80, compound planet gear 20 is locked.When power- transfer clutch 50 and 52 was all thrown off, compound planet gear 30 and 40 was not activated.Like this, engine speed can be provided at output block 19 places efficiently, thereby the ratio that is reached is 1.00.
For given input speed, when the speed of unit B 82 equals zero rpm, the implementation pattern II electricity variable second scope speed ratio that advances under the situation of engaged clutch 59 only and 56.By adding the engagement of drg 58 subsequently, provide fixed forward speed ratio.
Six ratios that advance are provided like this, i.e. advance ratio, second scope advance ratio, pattern I-pattern II gear shift ratio, direct ratio and the pattern II electricity variable first and second scope speed ratio that advances of variable first scope of pattern I electricity.If unit A and B are braked, the pattern I electricity of being mentioned above so variable second ratio, pattern II electricity variable first ratio and pattern II electricity variable second ratio that advances that advances that advances can become fixing ratio.Like this, with lock cell B with by increasing drg with brake unit A, these ratios become fixing ratio by engagement torque transmitter 56 and 58; Like this, the driving device utilization for specific can provide 6 fixing ratios that advance in case of necessity.This also can be zero number of times (that is, Fig. 2's locates the quantity of the point of crossing of unit speed in zero (X-axis)) according to the unit speed of unit A 80, unit B 82, driving engine 12 on output speed scope shown in Figure 2.
Second exemplary embodiment
With reference to figure 3, the second complete exemplary preferred embodiment of dynamical system 10 ' with driving device 14 ' has been described.Driving device 14 ' utilizes three differential gear set that preferably have compound planet gear 20 ', 30 ' and 40 ' character.Compound planet gear 20 ' uses the ring gear component 24 ' of circumscribed sun gear parts 22 '.Pinion carrier assembly unit 26 ' comprises frame parts 29 ', and these parts support a plurality of planetary wheels 27 ' with rotation mode, make each planetary wheel 27 ' engagement ring gear component 24 ' and sun gear parts 22 ' both.Input block 17 is fixed on these parts 29.
Compound planet gear 30 ' has the ring gear component 34 ' of circumscribed sun gear parts 32 '.A plurality of compound planet gears 37 ' are installed on the frame parts 39 ' of pinion carrier assembly unit 36 ' in rotary manner, and each planetary gear member 37 ' meshes ring gear component 34 ' and sun gear parts 32 ' simultaneously like this.
Compound planet gear 40 ' also has the ring gear component 44 ' of circumscribed sun gear parts 42 '.A plurality of compound planet gears 47 ' are installed on the frame parts 49 ' of pinion carrier assembly unit 46 ' in rotary manner, and each planetary gear member 47 ' meshes ring gear component 44 ' and sun gear parts 42 ' simultaneously like this.
Interconnecting member 70 ' connects sun gear parts 32 ' and 42 ' continuously.In addition, interconnecting member 72 ' is connected to each other ring gear component 34 ' and frame parts 49 ' continuously.
Driving device 14 ' is also in conjunction with first and second motor/generators 80 ' and 82 ', and each all has stator 80a ', the 82a ' that is fixed to drive housing 60 ' accordingly described motor/generator.The rotor 80b ' of unit A is fixed to ring gear component 24 '.The rotor 82a ' of unit B is fixed to sun gear parts 22 ' and also is fixed to ring gear component 44 '.Compound planet gear 20 ' is designed (by the gear number of teeth and driving engine 12 being connected to frame parts 29 ') so that link 71 ' rotates on the direction identical with driving engine 12.
First torque transmitter (such as forward mode drg MI F 50 ') optionally meshes (thereby and being engaged to sun gear parts 32 ' by interconnecting member 70 ') to pass through drive housing 60 ' with sun gear parts 42 ' ground connection with sun gear parts 42 '.Second torque transmitter (such as reverse gear brake MI R 52 ') is link span parts 49 ' and drive housing 60 ' optionally.At last, the 3rd torque transmitter (such as power-transfer clutch 59 ') thus driving engine 12 be connected with ring gear component 34 ' and be connected with frame parts 49 ' by interconnecting member 72 '.Power-transfer clutch 59 ' is also referred to as pattern II power-transfer clutch.Driving device 14 ' does not have the locking carried out, engine starting reaction and respectively by the torque transmitter of the performed unit B separation function of the power-transfer clutch 54,58 and 56 of driving device 14.
Obviously as can be known, driving device 14 ' is optionally from driving engine 12 received powers from Fig. 3.Also from battery or electric power source 86 ' received power, described battery or electric power source operationally are connected to controller or ECU 88 ' to hybrid transmission 14 '.As understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, energy is by controller 88 ' transmission between battery 86 ' and motor/generator 80 ', 82 '.But electric power source 86 ' one or more battery.The ability that provides or store and distribute is provided other electric power sources such as fuel cell, and power supply can be used to replace battery, and does not change the present invention's design.ECU 88 ' is programmed to guarantee that unit B 82 ' rotates with a direction, makes from the torque of unit B 82 ' on link 71 places are added to torque from driving engine 12.
Fig. 4 is the exemplary operation at driving device 14 ', the speed of various transmission components with respect to output shaft speed pattern description.With reference to figure 3 and 4, the speed of driving engine 12 (with input shaft 17) is represented with line 112 ' with line 110 ' expression, the speed of motor/generator 80 ', the line 114 ' expression of the speed of motor/generator 82 '.In scope or pattern 130 ' are advanced in first of EVT operation, before promptly at output shaft speed 120 ', torque transmitter 50 ' and 56 ' is engaged.Gear cluster 20 ' is with the differential mode operation, and gear cluster 30 ' is with torque multiplication mode operation.Drive shaft speed 110 ' and corresponding engine speed are constant describing to simplify basically in the whole service of driving device.Controller 88 ' starts the speed of first motor/generator 80 ' when being approximately 4500rpm, and reduces along with the increase of output shaft speed.Simultaneously, the speed of second motor 82 ' is starting when zero, and increases along with the increase of output shaft speed.The speed and the output shaft speed of frame parts 39 ' and 49 ' (not shown in Fig. 4) increase pro rata.From the chart of Fig. 4 obviously as seen, for given input or component speed, the speed of motor/generator is (though direction is opposite) that equates in pattern 130 ' and in reverse gear mode 146 ', selects by engaged clutch 50 ' (for advancing) or power-transfer clutch 52 ' (for reverse gear) when power-transfer clutch 56 ' keeps engagement.
Locate at output shaft speed 114 ', the speed of motor/generator 82 ' (unit B) surpasses the speed of driving engine 12, and the speed of motor/generator 80 ' (unit A) drops under the speed of driving engine 12.Constituted the pattern I range of operation of advancing by 130 ' and 134 ' indicated together speed range.Locate at output shaft speed 120 ', driving device from EVT pattern I (comprising speed range 130 ', 134 ') gear shift to comprising speed range 138 ', 142 ' EVT pattern II.Locate at output shaft speed 120 ', because the engagement of power-transfer clutch 50 ' and 56 ', the speed of driving engine 12 and frame parts 49 ' is basic identical, power-transfer clutch 59 ' is engaged (and power-transfer clutch 50 ' is thrown off) under the situation that does not cause torque disturbance basically like this, to switch to the second electric changeable mode (pattern II) from the first electric changeable mode (pattern I).In pattern II, the speed of motor/generator 80 ' is along with the increase of output shaft speed increases continuously, and the speed of motor/generator 82 ' reduces along with the increase of output shaft speed.
The feature of this driving device 14 ' also is EVT reverse gear mode 146 '.When zero output speed, power-transfer clutch 52 ' and 56 ' can be engaged.Compound planet gear 20 ' that activates and 40 ' ratio are so negative ratios, for given input speed on the value with in EVT forward mode I 130 ', 134 ', be identical basically by the gear cluster 20 ' of activation, the value of the 30 ' ratio that is reached.Like this, in EVT forward mode I, the EVT path can accurately be moved, thereby has equal reverse gear characteristic.
Described by detail though implement best mode of the present invention, various equivalent modifications should be familiar with and be used to put into practice various replaceable design of the present invention and embodiment within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1. electric variable transmission device comprises:
First and second motor/generators;
First, second and the 3rd differential gear set, each all has first, second and the 3rd parts, and described first and second motor/generators are connected to corresponding of described differential gear set continuously and go up and be that controlled coming provides power to it;
A plurality of torque transmitters;
From the input block of power source received power, it is connected on one the parts in the described gear cluster continuously;
Output block, it is connected on one the other parts in the described gear cluster continuously;
Described a plurality of torque transmitter optionally be engaged with by the transmission of described differential gear set by described input block from power that power source was received providing input by-pass type electricity variable first pattern, this pattern comprises for given input speed having corresponding equal advancing and the advancing and the reverse gear scope of reverse gear ratio; With
Wherein, described first differential gear set is interconnected between described input block and described second motor/generator, so that the link between in described second motor/generator and described other differential gears makes to be added in the torque that is provided from described second motor/generator at described output block from the torque that power source provided with the direction rotation identical with described input block.
2. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1, wherein said torque transmitter further selectively are engaged to provide compound by-pass type electricity variable second pattern.
3. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1, wherein said torque transmitter further selectively are engaged to provide described output block to equate fixed forward of described input block basic and fixing reverse gear ratio.
4. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1, wherein at the given speed of the engine-off capability that equates for described second motor generator, described torque transmitter further selectively is engaged to provide described output block to equate fixed forward of described second motor/generator basic and fixing reverse gear ratio.
5. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1 further comprises:
Energy accumulating device, it can be operated and be used for providing power or from the described first and second motor/generator received powers to described first and second motor/generators;
Controller, it can operate the power delivery that is used to be controlled between described energy accumulating device and described first and second motor/generators; With
Wherein during the selectivity ingear gear shift of described torque transmitter, described controller makes described first motor/generator give described energy accumulating device from the power delivery that described power source receives by described input block.
6. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1, in the wherein said torque transmitter one is an ingear selectively, thereby so that described first motor/generator can operate and be used for the cranking power source and provide torque at described input block place.
7. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 6, described one in the wherein said torque transmitter is drg, selectively be meshed, thereby when the described first motor/generator cranking power source, provide reactive torque at the drive housing place with drive housing.
8. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1, in the wherein said torque transmitter at least one is ingear selectively, so as the power that provided by power source to be provided the power that is provided by described first motor/generator and the power that provided by described second motor/generator on, thereby variable first pattern of described electricity advance or the reverse gear scope in equal and enough cranking power performances are provided.
9. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 1,
Wherein said the 3rd differential gear set has the characteristic that torque load(ing) is substantially zero in variable first pattern of described electricity is advanced scope; With
In wherein said a plurality of torque transmitter one with described torque transmitter in the synchronous mode of another disengagement be engaged, torque load(ing) is applied on described the 3rd differential gear set and variable compound by-pass type second pattern from the variable first pattern gear shift of described electricity to electricity.
10. electric variable transmission device comprises:
Input block from the power source received power;
Output block;
First and second motor/generators;
Each all has first, second and the 3rd differential gear set of first, second and the 3rd parts;
The described input block that is connected with described first parts of described first gear cluster continuously is with the described output block that is connected with one parts in the described second or the 3rd gear cluster continuously.
Described first motor/generator that is connected with described second parts of described first gear cluster continuously;
Rotatable link;
Described second motor/generator that is connected with described first parts of described the 3rd gear cluster continuously by described rotatable link;
Continuously with interconnected at least one interconnecting member in one in the described parts of the described second gear cluster described parts with described the 3rd gear cluster; With
A plurality of torque transmitters selectively are engaged to provide the basic torque that equates at described output block place for given input speed in variable first pattern of electricity is advanced scope and in the variable first pattern reverse gear scope of electricity;
Wherein said first gear cluster is interconnected between described input block and described second motor/generator and the described second motor/generator Be Controlled, so that described link makes to be added in the torque that is provided from described second motor/generator at described output block from the torque that power source provided with the direction rotation identical with described input block.
11. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, in the wherein said torque transmitter at least one selectively is engaged, in described torque that makes the torque that is provided from described first motor/generator be added to provide and the described torque that provided from described second motor/generator from power source, thus variable first pattern of described electricity advance or the reverse gear scope in starting torque is provided.
12. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, wherein said first motor/generator can be operated and be used for advancing or the variable first pattern reverse gear scope cranking power source of electricity in variable first pattern of described electricity, makes power source provide power at described input block place.
13. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, one in wherein said a plurality of torque transmitter is set between described second motor/generator and the described output block, and described one the alternative engagement decision in described a plurality of torque transmitters provides variable first pattern of described electricity and advances, still is the variable first pattern reverse gear scope of described electricity.
14. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, in wherein said a plurality of torque transmitter one with described torque transmitter in the synchronous mode of another disengagement be engaged, torque load(ing) be applied to described the 3rd gear cluster and advance the scope gear shift to variable compound by-pass type second pattern of electricity from variable first pattern of described electricity.
15. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, wherein when described output block has the zero velocity feature, in the described torque transmitter one with described torque transmitter in the synchronous mode of another disengagement be engaged, with advance in variable first pattern of described electricity and the variable first pattern reverse gear scope of described electricity between gear shift.
16. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 15, wherein when described output block has the zero velocity feature, described second motor/generator has the zero velocity feature, each all has the zero velocity feature thereby make the described second and the 3rd gear cluster, be reduced in that variable first pattern of described electricity is advanced and the reverse gear scope between described gear shift during the friction rotational loss.
17. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, the described selectivity engagement of wherein said a plurality of torque transmitters provides variable first pattern of described electricity to advance and reverse gear scope, variable second pattern of electricity and six fixed forward speed ratios.
18. the described electric variable transmission device of claim 10, wherein said a plurality of torque transmitter comprises first drg and second drg, described first drg selectively is engaged with will be connected with described output block continuously, described second with the 3rd gear cluster in one described parts be connected with drive housing, described second drg selectively be engaged with described second with the 3rd gear cluster in described one other parts be connected with drive housing, thereby engagement locks described output block in the time of described first and second drgs, make it have the zero velocity feature, thereby when torque when zero output speed is applied to described output block, drive housing provides reactive torque to reduce electric load.
19. an electric variable transmission device comprises:
Input block from the power source received power;
Output block;
First and second motor/generators;
Each all has first, second and the 3rd differential gear set of first, second and the 3rd parts;
The described input block that is connected with described first parts of described first gear cluster continuously is with the described output block that is connected with described first parts of described second gear cluster continuously;
Described first motor/generator that is connected with described second parts of described first gear cluster continuously;
Rotatable link;
Described second motor/generator that is connected with described first parts of described the 3rd gear cluster continuously by described rotatable link;
Continuously with described second parts of described second gear cluster and the described second parts bonded assembly, first interconnecting member of described the 3rd gear cluster;
Continuously with described the 3rd parts of described second gear cluster and described the 3rd parts bonded assembly second interconnecting member of described the 3rd gear cluster;
A plurality of torque transmitters selectively are engaged to advance in variable first pattern of electricity and provide the basic torque that equates at described output block place for given input speed in the variable first pattern reverse gear scope of electricity; With
Wherein said first gear cluster is interconnected between described input block and described second motor/generator, so that described rotatable link is with the direction rotation identical with described input block, so that be added in the torque that is provided from described second motor/generator at described output block from the torque that power source provided.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107387702A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-24 | 福特全球技术公司 | Multi-mode infinitely variable device |
| CN108494294A (en) * | 2011-11-12 | 2018-09-04 | 国际计测器株式会社 | Control method and control device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7220203B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2007-05-22 | General Motors Corporation | Electrically variable transmission with selective fixed ratio operation |
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2006
- 2006-10-27 CN CN 200610164652 patent/CN101168348B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108494294A (en) * | 2011-11-12 | 2018-09-04 | 国际计测器株式会社 | Control method and control device |
| CN108494294B (en) * | 2011-11-12 | 2022-07-22 | 国际计测器株式会社 | Control method and control device |
| CN107387702A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-11-24 | 福特全球技术公司 | Multi-mode infinitely variable device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101168348B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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