CN101165819A - Preparation process of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle - Google Patents
Preparation process of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101165819A CN101165819A CNA2007101217650A CN200710121765A CN101165819A CN 101165819 A CN101165819 A CN 101165819A CN A2007101217650 A CNA2007101217650 A CN A2007101217650A CN 200710121765 A CN200710121765 A CN 200710121765A CN 101165819 A CN101165819 A CN 101165819A
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Abstract
The preparation method comprises: 1) raw material processing: placing graphite, coke blacking, chopped carbon fiber and modifier at the drying cabinet to remove moisture from them; the drying temperature is 100 deg. C, and the drying time is 2-4 hours; 2) blending: evenly blending the graphite, coke blacking and chopped carbon fiber; adding the copper powder, copper fiber and modifier; in the last, adding phenolic resin to make mould material; 3) hot compacting and forming: placing the mould materials into die; heating and pressing it to make solidification forming; the press is 50-100MP, and the temperature is 160-170 deg. C; keeping 0.5-1 hours in room temperature; 4) sintering: making the sintering form the sample; the temperature is 800-900 deg. C, and the time length is 2-4 hours; 5) densification processing: after chemical vapor deposition or bituminizing, making the carbonizing treatment.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle, belong to the carbon/carbon composite technical field.
(2) background technology:
The electrification of railway and high speed have become the trend of world's railway transportation development, and pantograph pan is the soul parts of electric locomotive, and the quality of slide plate quality has significant effects to the stream situation of getting of locomotive.The slide plate that electric locomotive at present uses mainly contains copper shoe, pure carbon slide plate, powder metallurgy slide plate and metal-impregnated carbon slide.Copper shoe conducts electricity very well, and the mechanical strength height is drawn materials conveniently, long service life, and cost is low, but it is big to the contact line lead abrasion, and arc resistance can be poor, limited use at present; The pure carbon slide plate has self-lubricating property, and is low to lead abrasion, and has excellent contact stability, but its intrinsic resistance is big, and mechanical strength is low, and matter is crisp, is prone to fracture and falls the piece phenomenon, also is very limited aspect the scope of application; The powder metallurgy slide plate generally has two kinds in iron-based and copper base, its mechanical strength height, strong shock resistance, but for contact line conducting wire, it is not a desirable material, and maximum shortcoming is the arc resistant ability, and the electric arc that produces during off-line is often with the slide plate scorification or the scorification of net lead; Soak metal slider and have electric conductivity preferably, substantially solved the low problem of pure carbon slide plate mechanical strength, anti-wear performance greatly improves, can solve the too fast problem of net lead abrasion at all, but its impact resistance deficiency is prone to the piece phenomenon, needs continuous shaping in the use, and complicated process of preparation, production and maintenance cost are all too high.
In order to solve the deficiency that above-mentioned pantograph pan exists, more domestic in recent years scientific research institutions have begun again with the research of C-base composte material as sliding material, part slide plate is to be conduction base-material or modified component with the copper-plated graphite, respectively with chopped carbon fiber (being not more than 8cm), continuous long carbon fiber (diameter is less than 20 μ m) and copper carbon fiber are developed sliding material as reinforcing material, though all have mechanical strength and electric conductivity preferably, friction and wear behavior is also more excellent, but raw material pretreatment process complexity, production cost is higher, reduces its market competitiveness greatly.
(3) summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: propose a kind of preparation technology of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle, utilize the rail vehicle slide plate of this prepared good, better mechanical strength is arranged, and production cost is lower with C-base composte material electric conductivity and friction and wear behavior.
The preparation technology of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle of the present invention, its technical scheme is as follows: as matrix, it is 30～40% that matrix content accounts for total constituent mass percentage with a kind of or its both mixture in graphite, the coke blacking; As conductive component, conductive component content shared mass percent in total component is 20～30% with a kind of or its both mixture in copper powder, the copper fiber; As binding agent, its shared mass percent in total component is 15～30% with phenol-formaldehyde resin modified; As reinforcing agent, its shared mass percent in total component is 1～5% with chopped carbon fiber; With the mixture of molybdenum bisuphide, aluminium oxide and glass dust as modifier; Modifier shared mass percent in total component is 10～15%.Above-mentioned material is adopted the method that hygrometric state mixes or dry state is mixed, after raw material is fully mixed, carry out hot pressing and make the phenolic resin curing moulding, after the goods sintering processes that obtains, promptly obtain the carbon back sliding block material through the densification operation again.
Wherein, the copper powder granularity is less than 200 orders, copper fibre length 2～6mm, diameter 0.05～0.5mm; Graphite and coke blacking granularity are less than 150 orders; Chopped carbon fiber length is not more than 8mm, diameter 5～7mm; The equal granularity of modifier molybdenum bisuphide, aluminium oxide and glass dust is less than 200 orders.
See also shown in Figure 1ly, the preparation technology of above-mentioned carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle comprises following several steps:
(1) pre-treatment of raw material: graphite, coke blacking, chopped carbon fiber and several modifier are positioned in the drying box, remove moisture wherein, baking temperature is preferably 100 ℃, and be 2～4 hours drying time;
(2) batch mixing: earlier graphite, coke blacking and chopped carbon fiber are mixed, add copper powder, copper fiber and modifier more successively, add phenolic resins at last and make molding compound;
(3) hot-forming: molding compound is put into mould, and heating and pressurizing on heat pressing forming machines makes the phenolic resin curing moulding; Pressing pressure is 50～100MP, and curing temperature is 160～170 ℃, and pressurize 0.5～1 hour under this temperature conditions;
(4) sintering: the sample of being suppressed is carried out sintering processes, and sintering temperature is 800～900 ℃, and sintering time is 2～4 hours;
(5) densification: the sample behind the sintering is carried out densification dual mode, and a kind of is chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and another kind is charing processing again behind the bituminizing.
Wherein, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is meant:
Sample behind the sintering is put into chemical vapor deposition stove, under 900～1100 ℃ of temperature, with hydrocarbon gas such as methane or propane as deposition gas.By the flow direction of control gaseous, the carbon laydown that causes hydrocarbon gas pyrolysis generation reaches fine and close effect in the perforate hole of sample.
Wherein, behind the bituminizing again charing be meant: at first, sample behind the sintering is placed in the container, take out air in the container by vacuum pump, feed the pitch (mesophase pitch, coal tar asphalt etc.) after melting subsequently, sample behind its sintering is covered, then feed nitrogen and make container pressure reach an atmospheric pressure, utilize the flowability of molten asphalt that bituminizing is filled in the sample open interior hole.Secondly, the sample that has flooded pitch being carried out charing handles: sample is put into the vacuum retort, under vacuum state, with the programming rate of 10 ℃/h, be warmed up to 1000～1100 ℃, and be incubated 2～4 hours.
Wherein, this modifier is to be mixed and made into by molybdenum bisuphide, aluminium oxide and glass dust.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are: utilize the used for rail vehicle carbon back sliding block material of this prepared to have excellent electric conductivity and friction and wear behavior, and have good bending strength and lower production cost, be a kind of sliding material of high comprehensive performance.
(4) description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's flow chart of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle of the present invention.
The unit explanation:
℃: degree centigrade
℃/h: degree centigrade/hour
MP: MPa
G/cm
3: gram/cubic centimetre
Ω m: Europe rice
μ m: micron
Mm: millimeter
Wt%: mass percent
(5) embodiment:
The preparation technology of a kind of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle of the present invention comprises following several steps:
(1) pre-treatment of raw material: graphite, coke blacking, chopped carbon fiber and several modifier are positioned in the drying box, remove moisture wherein, baking temperature is preferably 100 ℃, and be 2～4 hours drying time;
(2) batch mixing: earlier graphite, coke blacking and chopped carbon fiber are mixed, add copper powder, copper fiber and modifier more successively, add phenolic resins at last and make molding compound;
(3) hot-forming: molding compound is put into mould, and heating and pressurizing on heat pressing forming machines makes the phenolic resin curing moulding; Pressing pressure is 50～100MP, and curing temperature is 160～170 ℃, and pressurize 0.5～1 hour under this temperature conditions;
(4) sintering: the sample of being suppressed is carried out sintering processes, and sintering temperature is 800～900 ℃, and sintering time is 2～4 hours;
(5) densification: the sample behind the sintering is carried out densification dual mode, and a kind of is chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and another kind is charing processing again behind the bituminizing.
Wherein, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is meant:
Sample behind the sintering is put into chemical vapor deposition stove, under 900～1100 ℃ of temperature, with hydrocarbon gas such as methane or propane as deposition gas.By the flow direction of control gaseous, the carbon laydown that causes hydrocarbon gas pyrolysis generation reaches fine and close effect in the perforate hole of sample.
Wherein, behind the bituminizing again charing be meant: at first, sample behind the sintering is placed in the container, take out air in the container by vacuum pump, feed the pitch (mesophase pitch, coal tar asphalt etc.) after melting subsequently, sample behind its sintering is covered, then feed nitrogen and make container pressure reach an atmospheric pressure, utilize the flowability of molten asphalt that bituminizing is filled in the sample open interior hole.Secondly, the sample that has flooded pitch being carried out charing handles: sample is put into the vacuum retort, under vacuum state, with the programming rate of 10 ℃/h, be warmed up to 1000～1100 ℃, and be incubated 2～4 hours.
Its embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment one:
C-base composte material graphitiferous 15wt%, coke blacking 25wt%, copper powder 20wt%, copper fiber 5wt%, carbon fiber 3wt%, molybdenum bisuphide 3wt%, aluminium oxide 4wt%, glass dust 5wt% and phenolic resins 20wt% adopt the dry state hybrid mode, after mixing, at first hot pressing 30 minutes under 80MP briquetting pressure and 165 ℃ of temperature; Then the sample that will make was 800 ℃ sintering temperature 2 hours; At last the sample behind the sintering is put into chemical vapor deposition stove, with propane as deposition gas, 1000 ℃ of temperature deposit 10 hours.The slide plate density of making is 2.20g/cm
3, resistivity is 4.9 * 10
-6Ω m, bending strength is 70MP, coefficient of friction is 0.15.
Embodiment two:
C-base composte material graphitiferous 20wt%, coke blacking 15wt%, copper powder 15wt%, copper fiber 10wt%, carbon fiber 5wt%, molybdenum bisuphide 3wt%, aluminium oxide 5wt%, glass dust 5wt% and phenolic resins 22wt% adopt the dry state hybrid mode, after mixing, at first hot pressing 1 hour under 100MP briquetting pressure and 165 ℃ of temperature; Then the sample that will make was 800 ℃ sintering temperature 2 hours; At last the sample behind the sintering is put into chemical vapor deposition stove, with propane as deposition gas, 1000 ℃ of temperature deposit 10 hours.The slide plate density that makes is 2.31g/cm
3, resistivity is 4.0 * 10
-6Ω m, bending strength is 85MP, coefficient of friction is 0.08.
Embodiment three:
C-base composte material graphitiferous 15wt%, coke blacking 15wt%, copper powder 20wt%, carbon fiber 5wt%, molybdenum bisuphide 5wt%, aluminium oxide 5wt%, glass dust 5wt% and phenolic resins 30wt%, adopt the dry state hybrid mode, after mixing, at first hot pressing 1 hour under 60MP briquetting pressure and 165 ℃ of temperature; Then the sample that will make was 800 ℃ sintering temperature 2 hours; At last the sample behind the sintering was flooded mesophase pitch after 2 hours under an atmospheric pressure, be raised to 1100 ℃ with the programming rate of 10 ℃/h, and be incubated 2 hours.The slide plate density that makes is 2.25g/cm
3, resistivity is 9.5 * 10
-6Ω m, bending strength is 62MP, coefficient of friction is 0.13.
Claims (4)
1. used for rail vehicle carbon back sliding block material, it is characterized in that: as matrix, it is 30～40% that matrix content accounts for total constituent mass percentage with a kind of or its both mixture in graphite, the coke blacking; As conductive component, conductive component content shared mass percent in total component is 20～30% with a kind of or its both mixture in copper powder, the copper fiber; As binding agent, its shared mass percent in total component is 15～30% with phenol-formaldehyde resin modified; As reinforcing agent, its shared mass percent in total component is 1～5% with chopped carbon fiber; With the mixture of molybdenum bisuphide, aluminium oxide and glass dust as modifier; Modifier shared mass percent in total component is 10～15%.
2. used for rail vehicle carbon back sliding block material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the copper powder granularity is less than 200 orders, copper fibre length 2～6mm, diameter 0.05～0.5mm; Graphite and coke blacking granularity are less than 150 orders; Chopped carbon fiber length is not more than 8mm, diameter 5～7mm; The equal granularity of modifier molybdenum bisuphide, aluminium oxide and glass dust is less than 200 orders.
3. the preparation technology of a carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle, it is characterized in that: this technology comprises following step:
(1) pre-treatment of raw material: graphite, coke blacking, chopped carbon fiber and several modifier are positioned in the drying box, remove moisture wherein, baking temperature is preferably 100 ℃, and be 2～4 hours drying time;
(2) batch mixing: earlier graphite, coke blacking and chopped carbon fiber are mixed, add copper powder, copper fiber and modifier more successively, add phenolic resins at last and make molding compound;
(3) hot-forming: molding compound is put into mould, and heating and pressurizing on heat pressing forming machines makes the phenolic resin curing moulding; Pressing pressure is 50～100MP, and curing temperature is 160～170 ℃, and pressurize 0.5～1 hour under this temperature conditions;
(4) sintering: the sample of being suppressed is carried out sintering processes, and sintering temperature is 800～900 ℃, and sintering time is 2～4 hours;
(5) densification: the sample behind the sintering is carried out densification dual mode, and a kind of is chemical vapour deposition (CVD), and another kind is charing processing again behind the bituminizing.
4. the preparation technology of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) described in this step of preparation process (5), be that the sample behind the sintering is put into chemical vapor deposition stove, under 900～1100 ℃ of temperature, with hydrocarbon gas such as methane or propane as deposition gas; By the flow direction of control gaseous, the carbon laydown that causes hydrocarbon gas pyrolysis generation reaches fine and close effect in the perforate hole of sample.
5, the preparation technology of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: behind the bituminizing described in this step of preparation process (5) again charing be: (1) is placed on the sample behind the sintering in the container, take out air in the container by vacuum pump, feed the pitch after melting subsequently, sample behind its sintering is covered, then feed nitrogen and make container pressure reach an atmospheric pressure, utilize the flowability of molten asphalt that bituminizing is filled in the sample open interior hole; (2) sample that has flooded pitch being carried out charing handles: sample is put into the vacuum retort, under vacuum state, with the programming rate of 10 ℃/h, be warmed up to 1000～1100 ℃, and be incubated 2～4 hours.
6, the preparation technology of carbon base sliding block material for track vehicle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: this modifier is to be mixed by molybdenum bisuphide, aluminium oxide and glass dust.
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| CN109422535B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2022-05-13 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Carbon sliding plate and preparation method and application thereof |
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