CN101157885B - Wheat germ preparation method improving vitality of prolease and pectolase - Google Patents

Wheat germ preparation method improving vitality of prolease and pectolase Download PDF

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CN101157885B
CN101157885B CN 200710012822 CN200710012822A CN101157885B CN 101157885 B CN101157885 B CN 101157885B CN 200710012822 CN200710012822 CN 200710012822 CN 200710012822 A CN200710012822 A CN 200710012822A CN 101157885 B CN101157885 B CN 101157885B
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fructus hordei
hordei germinatus
hours
barley
alpha
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CN101157885A (en
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金凤燮
赵长新
安家彦
王培忠
邵国壮
鱼红闪
张春枝
芦明春
郭继强
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Dalian Polytechnic University
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Abstract

To increase the leaching efficiency, diastatic power (WK) and Alpha- N content of wort of the raw barley malt during bear production is crucial to increase materials usage rate. The invention relates to a method of increasing the activity of key enzymes like pectinase and protease etc. during malting for barley, and the method helps increase the leaching efficiency of malt, diastatic power (WK), Alpha- N content of wort and materials use ratio during bear production. The method is suitable for various barleys, in particular to barley with thick husk and low leaching efficiency produced in northeast of China by the traditional technique.

Description

Improve the wheat germ preparation method of proteolytic enzyme and pectinase activity
Technical field
The invention belongs to the method for preparing Fructus Hordei Germinatus that improves malt quality.
Background technology
Fructus Hordei Germinatus not only is used for beer production, and the zymin that also can be used in the foodstuff production is come former.China has become beer first big producing country, but most of raw material barley relies on import.Reason is that the barley that China produces requires some gap according to traditional beer raw material barley; It is very wide to be fit to plant the barley land area as northeast and other places, and the plantation of being fit to barley variety is arranged, as cultivates beer-No. 2 (many ribs), not Nice (now cultivate beer-No. 1, many ribs)), barley varieties such as 9047 (now cultivate beer-No. 3, two ribs), red sun (now cultivate beer-No. 5, two ribs).
Beer requires the raw material barley: skin is thin, and the protein content two rowed barley limits 9-11%, six-rowed barley limits 10-12% (the honest instrument volume of official: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998; P3-10); But a lot of barley protein contents in northeast exceed standard, and skin depth, the low brewage defective that waits of Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield behind the existence preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus.In at present existing the Fructus Hordei Germinatus preparation and quality standard, indexs such as Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power (WK), soluble nitrogen (%), alpha-amino nitrogen are distinguished the major criterion of malt quality; Also the report of malty various enzyme activities, (Guan Dunyi compiles: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998 also to have the beer raw material barley to prepare the Fructus Hordei Germinatus technology; P41-138).But prior art does not have the method for the various enzyme activities of control in the Fructus Hordei Germinatus preparation process, to improve malt quality, namely improves Fructus Hordei Germinatus indexs such as leaching yield, saccharogenic power (WK), soluble nitrogen (%), alpha-amino nitrogen; Therefore the beer raw material barley, especially not meet the malt quality that the raw material barley requires poor, influences beer production.Improve the method for proteolytic enzyme and pectinase activity in the Fructus Hordei Germinatus preparation process of the present invention, improve finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power and alpha-amino nitrogen, improve the quality of Fructus Hordei Germinatus; This method not only is fit to the Fructus Hordei Germinatus production of beer raw material barley, is more suitable in not meeting beer raw material barley (the Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield is low behind protein content height, skin depth, the preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus) barley, but production high-quality Fructus Hordei Germinatus.
Summary of the invention
Defective at the prior art existence, the present invention is intended in research in preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus process, technological process and condition are to the variation of various enzymes, and which kind enzyme influences malt qualities such as finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power and wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen, thereby find control and raising polygalacturonase and proteolytic enzyme method in preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus process, prepare the Fructus Hordei Germinatus that leaching yield and saccharogenic power (WK) are high, wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen is high.Both in preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus process, alternately controlled the barley soaking time 3-4 hour, cut off the water supply 8-12 hour; 12-20 ℃ of method of control germination temperature sought proteolytic enzyme and the high condition of polygalacturonase of producing, and prepares Fructus Hordei Germinatus, produces preparation technology's method of the high Fructus Hordei Germinatus of leaching yield, saccharogenic power and wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen; For beer production improves the beer production raw material availability, provide new preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus method.
Therefore, the present invention alternately controlled the barley soaking time 3~5 hours in preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus process, cut off the water supply 7~14 hours; Under the different condition that the control germination temperature is 14~18 ℃, α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase, proteolytic enzyme and pectinase activity change in the Fructus Hordei Germinatus preparation process, prepared malt quality relation; As a result, the α-Dian Fenmei in the wheat process processed, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor are to the malt quality influence not quite; But proteolytic enzyme and polygalacturonase generate, and be bigger to the influence of malt quality indexs such as finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power and wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen;
As, Nice barley is not 16 ℃, the method for alternately soaking and cutting off the water supply 8 hours in 4 hours, germinateed 4 days, its polygalacturonase of prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus, proteinase activity, than 12 and 20 ℃, alternately soak cut off the water supply in the 4 hours prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus polygalacturonase of the prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus of 12 hours methods, proteinase activity improves 3%-10%; Leaching yield and the saccharogenic power of its Fructus Hordei Germinatus finished product of dry back can improve 3-6%; Alpha-amino nitrogen improves 5%-15%;
And for example, red sun (now cultivate beer-No. 5, two ribs) barley variety, at 16 ℃, the method germination in 12 hours 5 days of cutting off the water supply in 4 hours of alternately soaking, prepared malt quality is best, cut off the water supply in 4 hours 8 hours with alternately soaking, compare in temperature 12 or 20 ℃ of germinations, polygalacturonase, proteolytic enzyme improve 3%-13%; Its finished product saccharifying power (WK) improves 5%-15%, and leaching yield and alpha-amino nitrogen improve 3-6%.
And for example, barley variety is cultivated beer-No. 2 at 16 ℃, soak cut off the water supply 12 in 3 hours, germinating time is four days finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus, and at 12 and 20 ℃, alternately soak and cut off the water supply in 4 hours 12 hours or leaching yield and the saccharogenic power of the finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus that 8 conditions of cutting off the water supply in 4 hours of soaking are germinateed improve 3-6%; Alpha-amino nitrogen improves 5%-15%.
Learn thus, under the different condition of barley variety, obtain polygalacturonase, the higher Fructus Hordei Germinatus of proteolytic enzyme, the mode that the alternately immersion among its preparation technology is cut off the water supply is difference slightly; But whatsoever barley variety improves polygalacturonase and proteinase activity in the germination process, can improve leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen of finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus; That is to say the raising malt quality.The technology of preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus of the present invention is: under 14~18 ℃, alternately soaking time is 3~5 hours, cuts off the water supply 7~14 hours, germinates 4~5 days.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has outstanding advantage: for adapting to the needs of homemade production beer, through a large amount of exploration and practices, draw relation and the rule of Fructus Hordei Germinatus polygalacturonase, proteinase activity and Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power and alpha-amino nitrogen in the process of preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus, proposed in wheat process processed, to control the method that proteolytic enzyme and polygalacturonase are produced the high quality wheat bud.Be the Fructus Hordei Germinatus that feedstock production goes out with multiple domestic barley kind, improved leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen content of Fructus Hordei Germinatus-be the technical indicator of the main quality of Fructus Hordei Germinatus significantly.Its method is fit to various barleys, especially is fit to produce barley by traditional technology skin depth, northeast that the Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield is low.This is that existing production technology is beyond one's reach, and is that traditional method more can't be by comparison.
Below further specify the present invention with embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Nice (now cultivate beer-No. 1, many ribs) barley is produced not in northeast; Raw material moisture: 13.0%; Percentage of germination: 85.5%; Protein content: 12.6%.Preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus method: each is tested with 1 kilogram of not Nice barley washing, and from 12 to 20 ℃ of wheat temperature processed replace the water logging time and cut off the water supply the time from 4 hours to 16 hours, germination 4-5 days during germination.Measure the enzyme activity of Fructus Hordei Germinatus α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, Mierocrystalline cellulose excision enzyme, polygalacturonase, Pullulanase every day, according to following enzyme activity determination method commonly used:
The Fructus Hordei Germinatus alpha-amylase activity is undertaken by method such as [Jin Feng is mediate: J.gen.Appl.Microb., 36,415];
Fructus Hordei Germinatus beta-amylase vigor is by [Zhongshan University compiles, biological chemistry introduction, People's Education Publishing House, 1978, p53-54 method mensuration;
Fructus Hordei Germinatus Mierocrystalline cellulose excision enzyme is measured by [Zhongshan University compiles, biological chemistry introduction, People's Education Publishing House, 1978, p55-68] method;
The Fructus Hordei Germinatus polygalacturonase is by [Zhongshan University compiles, biological chemistry introduction, People's Education Publishing House, 1978, p55-68]] method mensuration;
The malt albumen enzyme is measured by (Japanese soy sauce institute compiles: soy sauce laboratory method, the publication sale of communicating agent of sauce association of Co., Ltd., 1985, p294) method;
Pullulanase is measured by (Japanese soy sauce institute compiles: soy sauce laboratory method, the publication sale of communicating agent of sauce association of Co., Ltd., 1985, p294-305) method;
The drying of Fructus Hordei Germinatus: malt drying adopts air seasoning technology commonly used at present: namely logical hot blast kept 6.5 hours for 45 ℃, and 55 ℃ kept 5 hours, and 65 ℃ kept 4 hours, and 75 ℃ kept 3 hours, and 80 ℃ kept 2 hours; Total 20.5 hours time of drying, the Fructus Hordei Germinatus finished product.
Barley, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, the conventional quality of wheat fruit juice (comprising Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power, wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen) are analyzed according to " brewing industry handbook (middle volume, light industry press publishes nineteen eighty-two) method is carried out.
Test-results:
According to the quality determination result after the Fructus Hordei Germinatus α-Dian Fenmei of germinateing 4 and 5 days, beta-amylase, polygalacturonase, cellulase, proteolytic enzyme, Pullulanase vitality test, the malt drying: at 16 ℃, the method of alternately soaking and cutting off the water supply 8 hours in 4 hours, under the 5 days conditions of 4 of germinateing, the polygalacturonase of Fructus Hordei Germinatus, proteinase activity are higher than at 12 or 20 ℃, the 12 hours prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus of method of cutting off the water supply in 4 hours that alternately soaks, the leaching yield of its Fructus Hordei Germinatus finished product, saccharogenic power and alpha-amino nitrogen also obviously improve.But at 16 ℃, the method for cutting off the water supply 8 hours in 4 hours of alternately soaking prepares by in the Fructus Hordei Germinatus process, and α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor are not higher than the Fructus Hordei Germinatus for preparing under other conditions.α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor in this explanation preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus influences leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen of Fructus Hordei Germinatus not obviously; And polygalacturonase, the prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus of proteinase activity wheat condition processed, the leaching yield of its Fructus Hordei Germinatus, saccharogenic power and alpha-amino nitrogen prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus under other conditions; Its partial results is (slightly beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor) as shown in Table 1:
Table one, polygalacturonase and proteinase activity and the malt quality relation in Nice barley wheat process processed not
Figure 2007100128221A00800041
From showing a kind of leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen, relevant with polygalacturonase and proteinase activity that can see finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus.Polygalacturonase and proteinase activity are more high, and the leaching yield of finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus, saccharogenic power and wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen are more high; α-Dian Fenmei in the wheat process processed, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor (slightly beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor) do not influence leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen of Fructus Hordei Germinatus finished product.At 16 ℃, the method for alternately soaking and cutting off the water supply 8 hours in 4 hours, under the 4 days conditions of germinateing, prepared Fructus Hordei Germinatus polygalacturonase, proteinase activity is higher than the Fructus Hordei Germinatus 3~10% that other conditions are germinateed; Leaching yield and the saccharogenic power of its Fructus Hordei Germinatus finished product of dry back can improve 3~6%; Wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen improves 5~15%; Learn thus, improve polygalacturonase and proteinase activity in the barley germination process, can improve leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen of product Fructus Hordei Germinatus.
(Guan Dunyi compiles: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998 than the traditional technology in the table two; P41-138), saccharogenic power improves about 20%, and leaching yield brings up to 79%, raising wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen 10% from 72%.
Embodiment 2
Raw material barley variety 9047 (now cultivate beer-No. 3, two ribs), moisture 11.9, protein content 12.8; Method according to embodiment 1 prepares Fructus Hordei Germinatus; At 16 ℃, cut off the water supply in the 4 hours 8 hours methods of alternately soaking were germinateed 4 days, its polygalacturonase and proteinase activity are higher than at 12 or 20 ℃, the Fructus Hordei Germinatus 3~10% that alternately soaks and cut off the water supply in 4 hours and germinateed in 12 hours, but vigor such as α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase are not higher than at 12 or 20 ℃ the Fructus Hordei Germinatus that alternately soaks and cut off the water supply in 4 hours and germinateed under the condition in 12 hours; Its dry finished product malt quality is best; Its finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus of dry back is than at 12 or 20 ℃, alternately soak cut off the water supply in 4 hours 12 hours conditions Fructus Hordei Germinatus, leaching yield and saccharogenic power improve 3~10%; Alpha-amino nitrogen improves 5~15%; Learn thus, cultivate and improve polygalacturonase and proteinase activity in the beer-No. 3 barley germination process, can improve leaching yield, saccharogenic power and the wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen of Fructus Hordei Germinatus.(Guan Dunyi compiles: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998 than traditional technology; P41-138) Fructus Hordei Germinatus, saccharogenic power improves about 20%, and leaching yield improves 10%, improves wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen 10%.
Embodiment 3
Raw material barley variety red sun (now cultivate beer-No. 5, two ribs), moisture 12.0, protein content 13.2; Method according to embodiment 1 prepares Fructus Hordei Germinatus; At 16 ℃, the method germination in 12 hours 5 days of cutting off the water supply in 4 hours of alternately soaking, dry malt quality is best.Cut off the water supply in 4 hours 8 hours with alternately soaking, the Fructus Hordei Germinatus that germinates under temperature 12 or 20 ℃ of conditions is compared: vigor such as α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor are not best; But polygalacturonase, proteolytic enzyme are higher than the Fructus Hordei Germinatus 3~13% that other conditions are germinateed; Its Fructus Hordei Germinatus of dry back cut off the water supply in 4 hours than alternately soaking 8 hours methods or temperature 12 or 20 ℃ of germinations, leaching yield improves 3~6%; Saccharifying power (WK) improves 5~15%; Learn thus, cultivate and improve polygalacturonase and proteinase activity in the beer-No. 5 barley germination process, can improve leaching yield and the alpha-amino nitrogen of Fructus Hordei Germinatus.Than traditional technology (present factory method commonly used, Guan Dunyi volume: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998; P41-138), saccharifying power improves about 15~20%, and leaching yield improves 7~10%, improves alpha-amino nitrogen 5~10%.
Embodiment 4:
The raw material barley is cultivated beer-No. 2, many ribs, moisture 11.2, protein content 12.7; Method according to embodiment 1 prepares Fructus Hordei Germinatus; The best wheat technology processed of cultivating beer-No. 2 barley is that at 16 ℃, 3 hours 12 germinating times of cutting off the water supply that soak are four days.Compare with the Fructus Hordei Germinatus that germinates under other conditions: α-Dian Fenmei, beta-amylase, cellulase, Pullulanase vigor are not best; But α-Dian Fenmei, polygalacturonase, proteolytic enzyme are higher than the Fructus Hordei Germinatus 3~13% that other conditions (12 and 20 ℃ were soaked 4 hours and cut off the water supply 12 hours or soak and cut off the water supply 8 in 4 hours) are germinateed; The leaching yield of its Fructus Hordei Germinatus of dry back improves 3~6%; Saccharifying power (WK) improves 5~15%; Learn thus, cultivate and improve polygalacturonase and proteinase activity in the beer-No. 2 barley germination process, can improve leaching yield and the alpha-amino nitrogen of Fructus Hordei Germinatus.Than traditional technology (present factory method commonly used, Guan Dunyi volume: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998; P41-138) Fructus Hordei Germinatus of Sheng Chaning, saccharifying power improves about 10%, and leaching yield brings up to 78.5%, raising wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen 6% from 73.3%.
Not Nice of above-described embodiment 1,2,3, the preparation of 4 method with cultivate beer-No. 2 Fructus Hordei Germinatus and market on the Fructus Hordei Germinatus of identical barley variety (according to the traditional method preparation: Guan Dunyi volume: brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998; P41-138) according to national industry QB1986-93 standard test result; As shown in table 2:
Not Nice of table two present method preparation, cultivate beer-No. 2 Fructus Hordei Germinatus and ordinary method and prepare malted products traditional method, on the market relatively (summary barley variety red sun and 9047 data)
From table 2, learn, in the wheat process processed, improve the Fructus Hordei Germinatus of the condition wheat processed of polygalacturonase and proteinase activity, its Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power and wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen have the Fructus Hordei Germinatus of the identical barley variety on the market, and (according to the traditional method preparation: Guan Dunyi compiles: the brewing industry handbook, China Light Industry Press, 1998; P41-138)).
In a word, in wheat processed (preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus) process, improve polygalacturonase and proteinase activity, can improve Fructus Hordei Germinatus leaching yield, saccharogenic power and wheat juice alpha-amino nitrogen, that is to say the raising malt quality.

Claims (1)

1. wheat germ preparation method, it is characterized in that the beer raw material barley prepares in the Fructus Hordei Germinatus process, control temperature, soak and cut off the water supply, improve polygalacturonase and proteinase activity, the preparation Fructus Hordei Germinatus method of the finished product Fructus Hordei Germinatus that preparation leaching yield, saccharogenic power (WK) and alpha-amino nitrogen are high; Its processing condition are: under 14~18 ℃, replace soaking time 3~5 hours, cut off the water supply 7~14 hours, germinateed 4~5 days.
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CN101613403B (en) * 2009-08-10 2012-02-22 大连工业大学 Method for preparing antimicrobial protein by using malt protein of barley
CN103063547B (en) * 2013-01-18 2016-01-13 大连工业大学 A kind of method detecting Fructus Hordei Germinatus dissolution degree in barley process

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