CN101152592A - 具有呼吸机和加湿器的设备 - Google Patents

具有呼吸机和加湿器的设备 Download PDF

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CN101152592A
CN101152592A CNA2007101629133A CN200710162913A CN101152592A CN 101152592 A CN101152592 A CN 101152592A CN A2007101629133 A CNA2007101629133 A CN A2007101629133A CN 200710162913 A CN200710162913 A CN 200710162913A CN 101152592 A CN101152592 A CN 101152592A
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humidifier
respirator
gas
actuation unit
suction
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CN101152592B (zh
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U·贝克
K·狄克曼
J·科彻
T·克鲁格
H-W斯蒂恩
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Draegerwerk AG and Co KGaA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
    • A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A61M16/106—Filters in a path
    • A61M16/107—Filters in a path in the inspiratory path
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0036—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
    • A61M2016/102—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas
    • A61M2016/1025—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas the O2 concentration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

具有呼吸机(1)和用于呼吸气体的加湿器(11)的设备，应该以这种方式得到改善，使得实现适配于呼吸机(1)的不同运行状态的呼吸气体加湿。为了实现这个目的，设置有用于在呼吸机(1)的控制和操纵单元(8)与加湿器(11)的控制和操纵单元(9)之间进行双向数据传输的连接装置(13)。

Description

具有呼吸机和加湿器的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有呼吸机和加湿器的设备。
背景技术
长时间进行人工呼吸的患者必需获得加湿和加温的呼吸气体。为此在吸入管道中设置加湿器，它使吸入气体增加水蒸气并且加热到适合的温度。
例如由EP 274 996 B1已知具有加湿器的呼吸机。加湿器设置在呼吸机的吸入管道里面。通过加热装置使水加热，直到它可以作为水蒸气混合到吸入气体里面。该加热装置与控制器连接，并且该控制器通过温度传感器附加地检测在患者附近的吸入气体的温度。该加湿器和呼吸机是分开的部件，它们没有信息交换。
如果改变呼吸机上的设置，则大多也必需在加湿器的控制器上进行相应地适配。在此取决于使用者的经验对加湿器进行调节，使得以对于患者适合的呼吸气体湿度和呼吸气体温度，而不会导致水的冷凝或者气体混合物对于患者含有太小的湿度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，这样改进上述形式的设备，使得实现适配于呼吸机的不同运行状态的呼吸气体加湿。
这个目的通过权利要求1的特征得以实现。
本发明的有利改进方案由从属权利要求给出。
加湿器逻辑地连接到呼吸机的控制和操纵单元上的优点是：在呼吸机上的设置的变化被直接继续传输给加湿器的控制和操纵单元，并且在反过来的情况下，使呼吸机的控制和操纵单元得到加湿器的所有运行数据和状况数据。
如果例如在抽吸时，从呼吸机到患者的气体流量被短暂地调节，则加湿器对该时间段也不动作，由此不会导致水凝结在吸入软管里面。在呼吸机和加湿器的控制和操纵单元之间的数据通讯可以通过数据导线或者无线地通过无线电或红外线实现。在此优选存在双向的数据连接，由此也可以使加湿器的调整数据显示在呼吸机的操纵单元上，和反之将关于呼吸机的测量值和调整数据的信息传输到加湿器的控制和操纵单元。
作为要从呼吸机要传输到加湿器的数据优选包括有吸入的气体流量、吸入的氧气浓度、吸入的气体温度和呼吸机的运行模式。对于运行方式区分成所谓的风机运行(Geblaese-Betrieb)、ZV运行(ZV-Betrieb)和风机运行与ZV运行的混合运行。在风机运行时，通过过滤器直接从环境吸入呼吸气体。而在ZV运行时，从中央的供气设备得到呼吸气体。在由环境取得气体时，这种呼吸气体已经具有一定的水分含量，因此可以降低加湿功率，而在从中央的供气设备取出气体时，要对干燥的气体进行加湿。
按照本发明的设备如下所述地工作。
所述加湿器优选询问这些参数，即吸入的气体流量、吸入的氧气浓度、吸入的气体温度和呼吸机的运行方式。在通过加湿器和呼吸机的控制和操纵单元之间的连接装置建立通讯时，加湿器发出询问，用于询问呼吸机的验证编码。呼吸机在应答中相应地验证。从呼吸机的验证得知使哪个编码附属于哪个参数，并且以哪种格式和在哪个单元中接收这个参数。
加湿器首先将具有要被询问参数的编码的读指令发送给连接的呼吸机。由呼吸机的应答例如得知，当前给到患者的氧气浓度为60％，并且得知风机是激活的，它提供最高75毫巴的压力。该加湿器或者测量环境空气的湿度，或者认为通常的环境空气的湿度处于约50％的相对湿度。因此提供给患者的气体已经含有一定的水分含量，因此只需相对要调整的呼吸气体温度，补充还缺少的呼吸气体湿度。由环境空气的中央气体供给所混合的氧气被视为干燥的。气体混合物已经共同具有约25％的相对湿度。对应于已进行的调整，加湿器只将剩余的湿度加入到呼吸气体里面，由此达到95％的相对湿度。通过考虑已经在呼吸气体中存在的基本湿度，能够避免不期望的水凝结。
在加湿器下一次询问连接的呼吸机时传输这样的信息，即当前没有气体提供给患者，因为处于呼出阶段。由这个信息，加湿器得出当前不需要加湿功率。但是如果呼吸机在下一步骤中显示出每分钟601的气体流量给到患者，于是起动吸入并且加湿器必须以最大功率加湿气体。如果在吸入阶段期间气体流量下降，则加湿器可以使其加湿功率相应地向下适配，并由此实现呼吸气体的最佳加湿。
在此特别有利的是，通过呼吸机的操纵和控制单元进行加湿器的调整。在操纵单元上也可以给出加湿器的所有警示和其它讯息。因此使用者例如可以在操纵单元上通过使加湿功率从95％的相对湿度降低到90％的相对湿度来改变加湿器的额定预值。另一方面，使用者通过呼吸机的操纵单元得到加湿器的水储备耗尽并且必需再充满的信息。因此使用者可以由加湿器的中央的操纵单元来监控，并且必要时改变设置。
在附图中示出本发明的实施例，并且在下面详细说明。
附图说明
唯一的附图示出呼吸机。
具体实施方式
唯一的附图示出一个呼吸机，用于通过吸入管道3为患者2提供呼吸气体。呼出的空气通过一个呼出管道4和一个PEEP阀门5到达呼出出口6，该PEEP阀门在呼出期间在患者2上调节呼出压力pE。PEEP阀门5由线性驱动器7驱动，该线性驱动器与呼吸机的第一控制和操纵单元8连接。吸入管道3和呼出管道4汇合成一个Y形体，用于吸入和呼出的共同的呼吸气体管道10从该Y形体被导引到患者2。在吸入管道3里面设置有一个加湿器11和一个用于测量呼吸气体流量V的呼吸气体流量传感器12。氧气传感器17附加地测量吸入的氧气浓度，并且温度传感器18检测吸入的呼吸气体温度。通过呼吸流量调节阀15实现对呼吸阶段的控制。在第一控制和操纵单元8上连接有额定值给出器14，用于吸入压力pI和呼出压力pE，它们可以由使用者调节到预选的值。呼吸流量调节阀15与压力气体源19连接，并且在吸入期间，呼吸流量调节阀15由斜坡发生器16以这种方式得到预定值：在吸入期间存在预定的吸入压力pI，并且在呼出期间-与PEEP阀门5一起-存在预定的呼出压力pE。作为对于压力气体源19的替代或补充，可以设置有风机20，它通过过滤器21从环境中吸入呼吸气体。在此呼吸气体或者完全由压力气体源19得到，例如氧气和压力空气，或者通过风机20吸入环境空气，并且由压力气体源19配给氧气。
所述加湿器11含有第二控制和操纵单元9，它通过连接电缆连接呼吸机1的第一控制和操纵单元8。在此连接电缆13用于传输电能到加湿器11，并用于在控制和操纵单元8、9之间的双向的数据交换。

Claims (4)

1.具有呼吸机(1)和用于呼吸气体的加湿器(11)的设备，具有在呼吸机(1)上的第一控制和操纵单元(8)、在加湿器(11)上的第二控制和操纵单元(9)和在所述控制和操纵单元(8，9)之间的连接装置(13)，该连接装置被构造用于数据传输。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述连接装置(13)附加地具有用于传输电能的机构。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，吸入的气体流量、吸入的氧气浓度、吸入的气体温度和呼吸机(1)的运行模式被设置作为要从所述呼吸机(1)传输到加湿器(11)的数据。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，在呼吸机(1)上设置有用于操纵所述加湿器(11)的机构以及用于显示和给出加湿器(11)的状况讯息和警示讯息的机构。
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US8100124B2 (en) 2012-01-24

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