CN101148278B - Oil-water purifying method and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Oil-water purifying method and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101148278B CN101148278B CN200610068940XA CN200610068940A CN101148278B CN 101148278 B CN101148278 B CN 101148278B CN 200610068940X A CN200610068940X A CN 200610068940XA CN 200610068940 A CN200610068940 A CN 200610068940A CN 101148278 B CN101148278 B CN 101148278B
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Abstract
The present invention is oily water purifying process and apparatus, and belongs to the field of environment protecting technology. Sewage containing oil and impurity is first treated in a forward non-homogeneous device and a reverse non-homogeneous device to separate out most of oil and coarse impurity initially, then treated in a fine granular impurity eliminator to eliminate most fine granularimpurity, and finally treated in several stages of demulsifying water purifiers for fast oil-water separation and elimination of very fine particles to reach the water quality standard for discharging and recirculating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil, environmental protection facility field, say it is a kind of profit refining plant that is used for oil-containing water or wet oil oil, water, impurity, gas isolation of purified in detail.
Background technology
Oil production, aerospace, sanitary wastewater and national defense facility etc. all have impure water of pair oil-containing and moisture impure oil to carry out the demand of purifying treatment, water and the moisture impure oil impure to oil-containing carry out the important step that purifying treatment always is a relative production process, being the important means with economic benefit of improving the quality of products, also is the requirement up to standard of environment protection emission.
With the oil production is example, and current land most oil fields have entered high moisture, the ultra-high water cut stage stage, and the impure water yield of oil-containing that needs to handle gets more and more.According to incompletely statistics; the average composite water cut of oil field mining liquid is to more than 80% under the China National Petroleum stock company; the extraction water yield reaches millions of tons every day; along with tertiary oil recovery; the input of four oil production technology; make in the oily(waste)water composition of other media be tending towards complicated; so the technical matters equipment to the oil-containing water purifying treatment has proposed new requirement; water quality after promptly handling will reach the water quality standard of outer discharging and oil field reinjection water; oil after the processing will reach the requirement of oil product; again can be when making the oil field save great lot of water resources with the reclaiming clean as far as possible of the crude oil in the water; reach oil; the water synchronous purification is increased economic efficiency; the protection environmental resources.
At present, known profit purification techniques has: chemical method, microbial method, physics method etc.The flow process of chemical method is dosing---flocculation---filters, and is characterized in: chemical reagent is extensive, dispensing is convenient, simple to operate; Shortcoming is easily to cause the oil after secondary pollution, the flocculation separation to be difficult for reclaiming and the cost height.The characteristics of microbial method are: utilize bacterial classification to engulf oil in the water, be characterized in environmental protection; Its deficiency is: the bacterium colony population easily degenerates and variation, to the environmental requirement height.The physics method is divided into centrifuging, vortex method, settling process etc. again; The characteristics of centrifuging are: the large granular impurity clearance rate is higher, and its deficiency is: the clearance rate of oil is lower.The effect and the centrifuging of vortex method are suitable.The characteristics of settling process are: technology is simple, easy to operate, and its deficiency is: need bigger container and long time, and effect is bad.
" oil field produced water treating equipment are selected handbook for use in petroleum industry press 2004 editions, introduced the typical process of treatment Technology for Petroleum Water Flooding, comprise " three sections routines " processing technological flow, re-injection water treatment technological process, efflux water treatment technological process and reuse thermal recovery boiler watering technology flow process, mainly use coagulation oil removing, double filtering or walnut shell filter; Waste-oil scavenger mainly contains vertical oil tank, the vertical swash plate of removing naturally except that oil tank, oil and water separation bygranulation jar, air supporting machine, hydrocyclone etc., can make up according to various objectives.
Typical process flow is three sections treatment process:
First section: the dash adjustment section
Oil slick and large granular impurity for 100 μ m carry out just dividing.
Second section: settlement separate oil removing section
Gravity settling oil removing (coagulation removes oil tank, swash plate removes oil tank etc.); Vertical oil tank and the vertical swash plate of removing naturally removes oil tank; Coarse (coalescent) removes oil tank 10-100 μ m, 1-2h; Pressure sedimentation oil removing (coarse jar, pressure swash plate coagulation remove oil tank and pressure in-one device etc.); Gas flotation machine oil removing (turbine flotation air supporting machine, injection air flotation tank machine and molten gas, air-floating apparatus); The hydrocyclone oil removing.
The 3rd section: the filtering under pressure section of microparticle impurity and oil in water emulsion
The quartzite strainer; Walnut shell filter; Two-layer filter (hard coal and quartz sand or hard coal and magnetite); Modified fiber ball (bundle) strainer.
First section, second section belongs to primary separation, and the characteristics of dash adjustment and settling methods are: technology is simple, easy to operate, and its deficiency is: need bigger container and long time.The characteristics of vertical natural oil removing and vertical swash plate oil removing are simple to operate, and its deficiency is: efficient is low, molecule is difficult to separate; The characteristics of hydrocyclone, centrifuging are: the large granular impurity clearance rate is higher, and its deficiency is: former water constituent is had strict difference requires, the clearance rate of oil is lower, molecule is difficult to separate.
At present, the 3rd section is used more is modified fiber ball (bundle) strainer, be also referred to as the bounce-back device, be characterized in: filter by polymer pipe with holes is pressurizeed, separate fine particulate and emulsification micelle, be characterized in: cost is low, can adsorb macrobead oil droplet and most of granule foreign, can recoil.Its deficiency is: be difficult to break emulsification micelle, poly-oil, and can only adsorbed oil, and powerless to the processing of Water in oil, do not reach the purpose of oil, water, impurity synchronous purification.
The fundamental property of above-mentioned typical process flow sees the following form 1
The fundamental property of table 1 typical process flow
| Type | Former water oil-containing mg/L | The impure mg/ L of former water | Water outlet oil-containing mg/L | The impure mg/L of water outlet | Oil removal rate % | Fuel-displaced moisture % | Processing power m 3/d | Energy consumption kwh/m 3 |
| Gravity settling | ≤ 3×10 3 | ≤300 | 100～200 | 100～200 | 80～90 | There is not this |
2×10 3 | 0.2～0.38 |
| The pressure sedimentation | ≤ 3×10 3 | ≤300 | ≤200 | ≤100 | 80～90 | There is not this |
2×10 3 | 0.2～0.45 |
| The air supporting method | ≤500 | ≤150 | ≤100 | 20～50 | ≥90 | There is not this function | 2.5×10 2 ～2.7×10 4 | 0.1～0.55 |
| Machinery is centrifugal | 200～300 | ≤150 | 50～100 | 50～80 | ≥90 | There is not this |
1×10 2 | 0.5～1.0 |
| |
1×10 3 ～2×10 3 | Do not have | 50～80 | Do not have | 85～90 | There is not this |
1×10 2 ～6×10 3 | Do not have |
| Nut-shell | ≤100 | ≤50 | 3～20 | ≤5 | ≥90 | There is not this |
5×10 2 ～5×10 3 | 0.2～0.36 |
| Type | Former water oil-containing mg/L | The impure mg/ L of former water | Water outlet oil-containing mg/L | The impure mg/L of water outlet | Oil removal rate % | Fuel-displaced moisture % | Processing power m 3/d | Energy consumption kwh/m 3 |
| Double-layer filter material | ≤100 | ≤50 | 30～50 | 2～10 | ≥90 | There is not this |
6×10 2 ～5×10 3 | 0.3～0.42 |
| Fibrous nodules (bundle) | ≤100 | ≤10 | ≤30 | 1～2 | ≥90 | There is not this |
3×10 2 ～1.2×10 3 | 0.2～0.36 |
| Filtering membrane | ≤50 | ≤20 | ≤10 | ≤10 | ≥95 | There is not this |
1×10 ～5×10 2 | 100～500 |
Above-mentioned treatment process and equipment are mainly used in the dried up middle oil-containing, impure of branch, and former water constituent is had strict requirement, and oil removal rate is about 90%.
Because existing profit refining plant exists: the primary separation section to former water constituent have the clearance rate of strict requirement, oil lower, molecule is difficult to separate; The filtering under pressure section is difficult to break emulsification micelle, poly-oil, and can only adsorbed oil, do not reach the deficiency of emission standard, have significant limitation in the use, can not satisfy the requirement that clearance rate height, molecule are easily separated, purification back water quality reaches emission standard of profit refining plant oil.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: exist in order to overcome existing profit refining plant: the primary separation section to former water constituent have the clearance rate of strict requirement, oil low, molecule is difficult to separate; The filtering under pressure section is difficult to break emulsification micelle, poly-oil, and can only adsorbed oil, do not reach the deficiency of discharge water standard, the invention provides a kind of full-automatic profit refining plant that adopts pure physical method, this device is purify waste water middle oil, impurity, gas or W/O, impurity, gas of separated in synchronization automatically, water quality reaches the environmental emission standard requirement behind the isolation of purified, and oil product reaches the corresponding product standard, can satisfy oil-containing water oil clearance rate height, molecule separate easily, reach the discharge water standard-required.
The present invention adopts physical method, and full-automatic on-line continuous ground carries out isolation of purified synchronously with the oil in the water, water, impurity, and it is different from chemical process and biological method, and the technology and the apparatus structure of conventional physical method have been done breakthrough improvement.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of profit refining plant, be provided with the primary separation jar, the pressure filter tank of subparticle impurity flush trimmer and oil in water emulsion and control device, it is characterized in that: the primary separation jar is just to divide device and heterogeneous stream V font just to divide device to be composed in series by heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides the device import descending at upper outlet, heterogeneous stream V font just divides the device import exporting down last, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides device and heterogeneous stream V font just to divide the interior segmentation of device to be provided with multilayer lipophilicity swash plate flow deflector, spacing between each layer flow deflector is fixed, the side bottom perforate from top to bottom of each layer flow deflector from large to small, the perforate of opposite side bottom institute is then changed from small to big, the one side bottom perforate of another section flow deflector is changed from small to big, the opposite side bottom opening from large to small, flow deflector all is converted into an angle, center of top behind the knuckle has a slotted hole, the flow deflector both sides respectively have a length of side hole, the flow deflector drift angle that heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides device up, heterogeneous stream V font just divides device flow deflector drift angle down, heterogeneous stream V font just divides the device outlet to be connected with the inlet of subparticle impurity flush trimmer, the outlet of subparticle impurity flush trimmer connects the one-level emulsion breakdown purifier that the pressure filter tank by oil in water emulsion constitutes successively, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys and breakdown of emulsion reconditioner, one-level emulsion breakdown purifier, the outlet of its import and subparticle impurity flush trimmer is joined after the parallel connection of one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, its import connect the outlet of one-level emulsion breakdown purifier and one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly after secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly was in parallel, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, the outlet of secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly links to each other with the import of three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys, be provided with high-molecular porous pipe in the subparticle impurity flush trimmer around the tank body center arrangement, be provided with a plurality of more piece breakdowns of emulsion along the inner tank wall concentric and purify body, breakdown of emulsion purifies the body perforate and is provided with shrinkage type runner group, tank body central authorities are provided with square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, one-level emulsion breakdown purifier is the pressure filter tank of oil in water emulsion, pressure filter tank is provided with the high-molecular porous pipe around the tank body center arrangement, be provided with oval retaining plate in the tank body, retaining plate upper edge inner tank wall concentric is provided with a plurality of more piece breakdowns of emulsion and purifies body, breakdown of emulsion purifies the body perforate and is provided with shrinkage type runner group, retaining plate central authorities are provided with square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, oval retaining plate and tank body bottom are welded as a whole, retaining plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, be provided with the square flow deflector of multilayer in the square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, one side of flow deflector is provided with long mouthful, be provided with the oleophylic web plate between layer and the layer, the top of square granulometric impurity device for eliminating is provided with dome, the bottom is provided with supporting leg, one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, three grades of its structures of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly are identical with one-level emulsion breakdown purifier, the primary separation jar, between the production well of the filtering under pressure tank top of subparticle impurity flush trimmer and oil in water emulsion and the sewage draining exit of bottom be connected in parallel respectively and receive dirty device and link to each other with self-purification.
A kind of method of using aforementioned profit refining plant to carry out the profit purification, it is characterized in that: first section, the impure former water of oil-containing successively enters heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font and just divides device and heterogeneous stream V font just to divide in the device, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides device to adopt to go out under enterprising, water (flow) direction from top to bottom, heterogeneous stream V font just divides the import of device just to divide device opposite with outlet with heterogeneous stream V font, water (flow) direction from bottom to top, thereby separate bigger oil slick and bigger impurity particle, realize oil, water, three kinds of media of impurity are carried out initial gross separation; The milk sap that contains a small amount of oil and impurity after first section processing enters second section, just divide the top outlet of device to flow out from heterogeneous stream V font, enter subparticle impurity flush trimmer through the top import, milk sap is disallowable to be fallen after most of subparticle, the one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly that is introduced into one-level emulsion breakdown purifier and is in parallel with it, the secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly that enters secondary emulsion breakdown purifier again and be in parallel with it, enter three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys then, step by step with emulsion breakdown, and carry out oily water separation fast, reject atomic fine particle simultaneously, reach the water quality standard of discharge water and re-injection water.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:, can satisfy the segregative requirement of clearance rate height, molecule of oil owing to adopt heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just to divide device and heterogeneous stream V word just to divide the device cascaded structure; Because adopting and purifying the body perforate is shrinkage type runner group, is provided with square granulometric impurity device for eliminating in the breaking device tank body, can break emulsification micelle, poly-oil, reach the requirement of discharge water standard; The efficient height, treatment capacity can reach 1 * 10
5m
3/ d; Fuel-displaced water ratio is low, can reach 0.01%; Oil removing purification rate height, 〉=99%, reach the discharge water standard-required.This device is purify waste water middle oil, impurity, gas or W/O, impurity, gas of separated in synchronization automatically, water quality reaches the environmental emission standard requirement behind the isolation of purified, oil product reaches corresponding product standard, the requirement that clearance rate height, the molecule that can satisfy the oil-containing water self-cleaning oil be easily separated, reach the water emission standard.
The fundamental property of native system sees the following form 2:
The fundamental property of table 2 native system
| Project | Former water oil-containing mg/L | The impure mg/L of former water | Water outlet oil-containing mg/ L | The impure mg/ L of water outlet | Oil removal rate % | Fuel-displaced moisture % | Processing power m 3/d | Energy consumption kwh/m 3 |
| System parameter | ≤3×10 4 | 10～100 0 | 3～1 0 | 2～8 | ≥99 | 0.01～ 1 | 1×10 ～1×1 0 5 | 0.18～0. 36 |
Data from table 2 as can be known, every decontamination index of native system all is better than table 1.
The present invention is applicable to impure water of oil-containing in the oil field and the moisture purifying treatment that contains assorted oil, also can be used for the impure sewage of oil-containing such as waste oil, petrochemical complex, aerospace, boats and ships, submarine, large-scale oil depot, food-processing of refinery discharging, the purifying treatment of moisture dirty oil.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
Fig. 1 is that the heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font of the present invention just divides the device diagrammatic cross-section
Fig. 2 is that the heterogeneous stream of the present invention just divides device flow deflector vertical view
Fig. 3 is that the heterogeneous stream of the present invention V font just divides the device diagrammatic cross-section
Fig. 4 is that the heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font of the present invention just divides device and heterogeneous V font just to divide the device connection diagram
Fig. 5 is the whole diagrammatic cross-section of emulsion breakdown purifier of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the top cross-sectional view of emulsion breakdown purifier of the present invention
Fig. 7 is square granulometric impurity device for eliminating diagrammatic cross-section among Fig. 6 of the present invention
Fig. 8 is an one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 9 is a water-purifying process schema of the present invention
Figure 10 is an absolute oil process flow sheet of the present invention
Figure 11 is an exhaust air technique schema of the present invention
Figure 12 is a blowdown process flow sheet of the present invention
Among the figure: 1. heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides device, and 2. heterogeneous stream V word just divides device, 3. subparticle impurity flush trimmer, 4. one-level emulsion breakdown purifier, 5. one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, 6. secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, 7. secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, 8. three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys, 9. breakdown of emulsion reconditioners, 10. self-purification is received dirty device, 11. import, 12. outlets, 13. flow deflectors, 14. cylindrical shell, 15. venting ports.16. draining control valve, 17. former water control valves, 21. imports, 22. outlets, 23. flow deflector, 24. cylindrical shells, 26. sewage draining exits, 31. tank bodies, 32. breakdown of emulsion purifies body, 33. square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, 34. retaining plates, 35. pipeline imports, 36. liquid level sensor, 131. side mouths, 132. length of side mouths, 133. flute profile mouths, 134. the side mouth, 135. outer rims, 136. length of side mouths, 331. domes, 332. square granulometric impurity is rejected plate, 333. wallboards, 334. supporting legs.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, heterogeneous stream just divides device just to divide 1, one heterogeneous stream V word of inversion of device just to divide device 2 to be in series by heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word; Heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides the outlet 12 of device 1 just to divide import 21 positions of device 2 to link to each other with heterogeneous stream V word, it is to go out under enterprising that heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides the runner of device 1, heterogeneous stream V word just divides the runner of device 2 to go out on advancing down, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divide device 1 and the heterogeneous V of stream word just divide device 2 inner swash plates that direction is set is opposite and be used in pairs; Heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides and is provided with 15 layers to 20 layers flow deflector 13 in device 1 cylindrical shell 14, every layer of flow deflector 13 all is converted into certain angle, drift angle up, the center of top behind the knuckle has a flute profile mouth 133, flow deflector 13 both sides respectively have length of side mouth 132, length of side mouth 136; Flow deflector knuckle place, have an appointment 15 ° angle of design.Spacing is fixed between every layer of flow deflector 13, the outer rim 135 of every layer of flow deflector 13 from top to bottom left bottom side openning 131 from large to small, right side bottom institute side openning 134 changes from small to big, the flow deflector of this kind form has six to eight layers; All the other nine change from small to big to Floor 12 flow deflector left bottom side openning 131, right side bottom side openning 134 from large to small, oily(waste)water enters when jar interior, about being between two aspects, this two aspect is all perpendicular to guide face, and two-layer top and side all have the hole of different shapes and size; Heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides device 1 to adopt to go out under enterprising, and water (flow) direction from top to bottom.Heterogeneous stream V word just divides device 2, import 21, outlet 22 flow deflector directions just divide device 1 opposite with heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word, heterogeneous stream V word just divides the flow deflector 23 in the cylindrical shell 24 of device 2 V-shaped, water (flow) direction from bottom to top, cylindrical shell 14 tops are provided with venting port 15, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides import 11 places of device 1 that former water control valve 17 is installed, and the exit of breakdown of emulsion reconditioner 9 is equipped with draining control valve 16, and cylindrical shell 24 bottoms are provided with sewage draining exit 26.
Oily(waste)water successively flows into heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word and just divides device 1 and heterogeneous stream V word just to divide device 2, and composition mainly is divided into three major types in the sewage: water, oil, impurity.Exist the difference of density and granularity in mobile sewage, applied fluid mechanics and microhydrodynamics principle are designed to the multilayer guide face of unique shape structure in tank body, realize oil, water and particulate initial gross separation.
In Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, bottom in the tank body 31 is provided with breakdown of emulsion and purifies body retaining plate 34, breakdown of emulsion purifies body retaining plate 34 upper edge tank bodies 31 concentrics and is provided with multilayer, a plurality of breakdown of emulsion purification body 32, breakdown of emulsion purifies body retaining plate 34 central authorities and is provided with square granulometric impurity device for eliminating 33, the central part of tank deck is provided with liquid level sensor 36, square granulometric impurity device for eliminating 33 is formed by establishing the square granulometric impurity rejecting of multilayer plate 332 in the wallboard 333, and square granulometric impurity device for eliminating 33 its tops are provided with dome 331, the bottom is provided with supporting leg 334; Fluid import by the road 35 is entered in the square granulometric impurity device for eliminating 33 of tank body 31 central authorities by the bottom, oil particles simple under action of gravity is further separated along square granulometric impurity rejecting plate 332 with simple solia particle, and particulate is discharged from the bottom, the oil come-up is assembled discharge to the top.Liquid after further separating enters breakdown of emulsion through variation shrinkage type runner and purifies body 32, under of the difference effect of oleophylic macromolecular material to oil molecule and water molecules, the oil droplet that comprises water or solid particulate is under the effect of fluid high shear force τ, make the tension force of oil droplet and water termination or granular boundary destroyed, cause oil free from composite particles, form simple oil droplet, reach the purpose of breakdown of emulsion.
In Fig. 8, profit refining plant employing order is oil, gas, impurity in the isolation of purified water step by step, and the waste gas that each operation produces, impurity are then in parallel concentrates unified the discharging; The oil that each operation produces focuses on breakdown of emulsion reconditioner 9 and further handles the back discharge.
In Fig. 9, at first heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides the import 11 of device 1 to enter heterogeneous stream just to divide the heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word of device just to divide device 1 the impure former water of oil-containing through the top, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides the outlet 12 of device 1, heterogeneous stream V word just to divide the import 21 of device 2 to enter heterogeneous stream V word and just divides device 2 through the below, oil, water, three kinds of media of impurity are carried out initial gross separation, and the milk sap that contains a small amount of oil enters subparticle impurity flush trimmer 3.Enter that the milk sap of subparticle impurity flush trimmer 3 is disallowable to be fallen after most of subparticle, enter one-level emulsion breakdown purifier 4, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier 6, three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys 8 successively step by step with emulsion breakdown, and oily water separation fast, reject atomic fine particle simultaneously, reach the water quality standard of discharge water and re-injection water.One-level emulsion breakdown purifier 4, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier 6, three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys 8 are the pressure filter tank of oil in water emulsion all, and internal structure is identical.One-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly 5, secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly 7 are in parallel with one-level emulsion breakdown purifier 4, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier 6 respectively, and its structure and mode of connection and one-level emulsion breakdown purifier 4, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier 6 are identical.
In Figure 10, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word just divides device 1, heterogeneous stream V word just to divide oil slick after device 2 just divides, segmentation oil and the oil content after one-level emulsion breakdown purifier 4, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier 6, three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys 8 are handled not to enter breakdown of emulsion reconditioner 9, purify, reject atomic fine particle through the secondary breakdown of emulsion successively, reach the absolute oil standard and concentrate discharge through pump.
In Figure 11, between the production well of the filtering under pressure tank top of primary separation jar, subparticle impurity flush trimmer and oil in water emulsion and the sewage draining exit of bottom be connected in parallel respectively and receive dirty device 10 and link to each other with self-purification.Each tankage all is equipped with the discharging waste gas device in the system, leads induction type and magnetic induction sensor is realized automatic discharging waste gas by electricity, and the waste gas that gives off all enters self-purification through pipeline and receives dirty device 10 and concentrate discharging, guarantees environmental purification.
In Figure 12, wash water valve all is equipped with in each tankage bottom in the system, and the sewage that can regularly will contain a large amount of granule foreigns is sent self-purification to and received in the dirty device 10, further impurity is concentrated, and the impurity sewage after concentrating is concentrated discharging by wash water valve.Most of liquid that self-purification is received in the dirty device 10 just divides device 1 to do further processing by the heterogeneous person who lives in exile's word of pumped back, make total system realize internal recycle self-cleaning operation, and a spot of sewage impurity discharging that has concentrated is only arranged.
Controlling System using PLC FPGA industrial controlled machine of the present invention is trunk with the technical process of purification system, and the heat transfer agent of dynamic oil, water liquid level and pressure etc. is detected in good time, realizes that sequencing is controlled automatically to profit purification system online in real time.Total system is central controller with PLC, by each input, output peripheral components and display terminal (or man-machine interface), constitute instruction control systems, heat transfer agent acquisition system, drive and carry out and feedback system, with the fault alarm treatment system, each system signal all by the I/O interface of PLC, is handled by programming software is unified.
Cleaning principle
1. oil droplet and particulate motion
The impure former water of oil-containing that this device is handled is typical heterogeneous stream, has the small-particle different with water-mass density in mobile water.The small-particle movement locus exists the difference with water motion track, and this device utilizes lipophilic water conservancy diversion layer realization oil, water and solid initial gross separation are set in this difference and the device.
Oil particles and solid particulate are passive with the motion of fluid (water), and this particle is in the fluidic moving process, because the difference of density, will be vertical with the buoyancy function lower edge to motion at gravity.The speed of G gravity, B buoyancy, U current, small-particle is generally less than the speed of current with the speed of water movement, small-particle in vertical direction since the difference of gravity and buoyancy will make small-particle vertical to motion, the speed of its motion is u.With the oil particles is example, the oil particles accelerated motion that under buoyancy function, will make progress, and along with the increase of speed, water also increases the resistance D of oil particles thereupon, finally reaches at the uniform velocity.According to establishing an equation under hydromechanical force balance and the theoretical foundation of resistance:
B＝G+D
In the formula: CdRe is respectively the coefficient of partial resistance and the Reynolds number of oil particles
Put in order:
In the formula: ρ
wμ is respectively the density and the dynamic viscosity coefficient of water, ρ
OilD is the density and the diameter of oil particles, g universal gravity constant.
With the oil is example, and generally between 0.85-0.95, its short grained diameter of droplets is several microns to the proportion of oil, and the temperature of former water is about 40 degree.The lift velocity u of oil particles is micron-sized, and flow velocity U is millimetre-sized, as it is floating to the water surface to allow it freely rise, and its mechanism is huge.Exist because the oily overwhelming majority in the former water is non-unit molecule, generally become little oil droplet, designed heterogeneous liquid according to the characteristics of oil and just divided device with tens or tens molecular aggregatess.
The discussion of solid particulate and oil droplet are roughly the same in the former water.
Requirement according to boundary layer theory and oil particles come-up and the distribution of solid particulate sinking stream field, utilize the characteristics and the action of centrifugal force of water flow field, design suitable internal structure (measures such as water conservancy diversion, shunting), the material of water conservancy diversion and shunting is lipophilic, realizes the first branch of oil, water and impurity.
2. subparticle impurity motion
This device is used macromolecular material subparticle impurity is held back and adsorption effect, reaches the further removal of impurity in first branch after water.As requested, form the micron order space in the Impurity removal device made from macromolecular material, and the various micro-flow paths that form, for the impurity particle particle diameter greater than micron order, impurity particle will be trapped within outside the runner, be micron order for the impurity particle particle diameter, according to electrochemical principle mobile water liquid by making the macromolecular material in the micro-flow path charged in the runner process, and impurity particle generally is electronegative, will be adsorbed by macromolecular material when charged particle enters in this runner process with water liquid.
3. emulsion breakdown mechanism
Because simple oil particles and simple solid particulate are to utilize the different character of density to reach with water sepn in flow process.But for containing droplet in the oil particles, or comprise solid particulate in the oil particles, the density of this composite particles will be consistent with water base, and this is difficult to utilize aforesaid method to separate.The ultimate principle of native system breakdown of emulsion is to use different macromolecular materials to the theoretical physics breakdown of emulsion of realizing in difference, newton's internal friction theory and the bubble point aperture of oil molecule and water molecules reactive force.
1), the mechanism of newton's internal friction theory breakdown of emulsion
Shearing force τ between fluid and the velocity slope between fluid
Proportional, scale-up factor is fluidic dynamic viscosity coefficient μ.
That is:
The oil droplet that comprises water or solid particulate makes the tension force of oil droplet and water termination destroyed under the effect of fluid high shear force τ, causes oil free from composite particles, forms simple oil droplet.Reach the effect of breakdown of emulsion.
2), different macromolecular materials are different to the avidity of oil and water, because profit is incompatible, must find and hold oil and do not allow water, this macromolecular material is made difform shrinkage type runner group, make contracted channel when an aqueous oil droplet enters with lipophilic material, outer field oil film will be adsorbed on the limit wall of runner inlet by lipophilic material, and compound oil droplet under the effect of current progressively distortion enter this runner, finally destroy the interfacial tension of oil film, reach the purpose of breakdown of emulsion.
3), comprise atomic fine grain composite particles in the oil particles and flow to the variation shrinkage type runner that lipophilic material is made when existing in the water, outer field oil film will be adsorbed on the limit wall of runner inlet by lipophilic material, and atomic thin composite particles progressively enters this runner in the effect of current, entering composite particles and will be out of shape along with the complex poles subparticle, finally destroy the interfacial tension of oil film, obtain the effect of breakdown of emulsion.
4), " bubble point aperture " theory
Former water is typical heterogeneous fluid, wherein not only comprise water, oil and solid particulate, but also contained gas, will layering as simple material, there are various outstanding pearl particles in " water liquid " that this system and device purifies, its grain diameter micron order has aqueous hydrocarbon body blended liquid pearl, oily solid and gas blended composite particles or the like is arranged, and " bubble point aperture " theory that the native system device is used in the microfluid mechanics is carried out the breakdown of emulsion processing for the outstanding pearl particle of emulsus.When the composite particles that contains gas enters little distortion runner, the gas in the composite particles will be overflowed, and reach the purpose of breakdown of emulsion." bubble point aperture " d
rHold back particle diameter d with minimum
bRelevant, generally select linear relationship: d for use
r=Kd
b+ K
o, in the formula: K, K
oBe rule of thumb data.
4. breakdown of emulsion reconditioner
This device is the globule and the solid particulate that purifies in the waste oil, for simple particle water and simple solid particulate, and for the butyraceous globule with contain the solid particulate globule, though the density of this composite particles is variant with oil, but the viscosity that is cleaned waste oil is very big, be again non-Newtonian fluid, the speed that the globule and solid particulate descend is very slow, is unfavorable for removing fast.The ultimate principle of this device is similar to " emulsion breakdown water-purification plant ", and just selecting the macromolecular material of making the variation runner for use is water wetted material, reaches the purpose of the quick removal globule and solid particulate.
5. electricity is led induction type oil, moisture is distinguished sensing controler
After refining plant oily water separation, need carry out oil extraction and handle, its prerequisite need detect oil reservoir.This electricity leads induction type and the magnetic inductive profit is differentiated sensing controler, can detect oil reservoir quickly and accurately and send the oil extraction signal, realizes the automatic oil draining process in dynamically.
6. control device operation logic
Control device is by the power supply of control order control system, be provided with the automatic or manual operational mode, in case be in automatic running status, except that tight stop instruction, all the other control instructions are all invalid, when being in manual state, can operate separately oil extraction, draining, exhaust, decon, purifying regeneration etc. respectively.
The basic characteristics of control device and advantage
The operation of this control device has been simplified the buffering device by the programmable software instruction control, makes simple in structure, reliable.
Native system is provided with PROFIBUS bus network mechanism, realizes online local area network expansion in order to system;
Native system has fault protection mechanism, makes system's operation safer.
Full automatic high efficiency profit purification system is that the impure former water of oil-containing is efficiently purified, and has the treatment facility of energy-saving and environmental protection, resource resurrection function.The method of the pure physics of this system applies is studied, is designed and makes, and is multidisciplinary intersections such as a polyphasic flow theory, microgravity fluid mechanics, Fluid Mechanics Computation, electrochemical theory, environmental engineering science, modern control theory, high poly-polymer material science, modern sensing theory, analytical chemistry, reaches the high-new systems engineering of electromechanical integration.
Claims (2)
1. profit refining plant, be provided with the primary separation jar, the pressure filter tank of subparticle impurity flush trimmer and oil in water emulsion and control device, it is characterized in that: the primary separation jar is just to divide device and heterogeneous stream V font just to divide device to be composed in series by heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides the device import descending at upper outlet, heterogeneous stream V font just divides the device import exporting down last, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides device and heterogeneous stream V font just to divide the interior segmentation of device to be provided with multilayer lipophilicity swash plate flow deflector, spacing between each layer flow deflector is fixed, the side bottom perforate from top to bottom of each layer flow deflector from large to small, the perforate of opposite side bottom institute is then changed from small to big, the one side bottom perforate of another section flow deflector is changed from small to big, the opposite side bottom opening from large to small, flow deflector all is converted into an angle, center of top behind the knuckle has a slotted hole, the flow deflector both sides respectively have a length of side hole, the flow deflector drift angle that heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides device up, heterogeneous stream V font just divides device flow deflector drift angle down, heterogeneous stream V font just divides the device outlet to be connected with the inlet of subparticle impurity flush trimmer, the outlet of subparticle impurity flush trimmer connects the one-level emulsion breakdown purifier that the pressure filter tank by oil in water emulsion constitutes successively, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys and breakdown of emulsion reconditioner, one-level emulsion breakdown purifier, the outlet of its import and subparticle impurity flush trimmer is joined after the parallel connection of one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, its import connect the outlet of one-level emulsion breakdown purifier and one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly after secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly was in parallel, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, the outlet of secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly links to each other with the import of three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys, be provided with high-molecular porous pipe in the subparticle impurity flush trimmer around the tank body center arrangement, be provided with a plurality of more piece breakdowns of emulsion along the inner tank wall concentric and purify body, breakdown of emulsion purifies the body perforate and is provided with shrinkage type runner group, tank body central authorities are provided with square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, one-level emulsion breakdown purifier is the pressure filter tank of oil in water emulsion, pressure filter tank is provided with the high-molecular porous pipe around the tank body center arrangement, be provided with oval retaining plate in the tank body, retaining plate upper edge inner tank wall concentric is provided with a plurality of more piece breakdowns of emulsion and purifies body, breakdown of emulsion purifies the body perforate and is provided with shrinkage type runner group, retaining plate central authorities are provided with square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, oval retaining plate and tank body bottom are welded as a whole, retaining plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, be provided with the square flow deflector of multilayer in the square granulometric impurity device for eliminating, one side of flow deflector is provided with long mouthful, be provided with the oleophylic web plate between layer and the layer, the top of square granulometric impurity device for eliminating is provided with dome, the bottom is provided with supporting leg, one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, secondary emulsion breakdown purifier, secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly, three grades of its structures of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly are identical with one-level emulsion breakdown purifier, the primary separation jar, between the production well of the filtering under pressure tank top of subparticle impurity flush trimmer and oil in water emulsion and the sewage draining exit of bottom be connected in parallel respectively and receive dirty device and link to each other with self-purification.
2. one kind is used profit refining plant as claimed in claim 1 to carry out the method that profit purifies, it is characterized in that: first section, the impure former water of oil-containing successively enters heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font and just divides device and heterogeneous stream V font just to divide in the device, heterogeneous person who lives in exile's font just divides device to adopt to go out under enterprising, water (flow) direction from top to bottom, heterogeneous stream V font just divides the import of device just to divide device opposite with outlet with heterogeneous stream V font, water (flow) direction from bottom to top, thereby separate bigger oil slick and bigger impurity particle, realize oil, water, three kinds of media of impurity carry out initial gross separation; The milk sap that contains a small amount of oil and impurity after first section processing enters second section, just divide the top outlet of device to flow out from heterogeneous stream V font, enter subparticle impurity flush trimmer through the top import, milk sap is disallowable to be fallen after most of subparticle, the one-level emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly that is introduced into one-level emulsion breakdown purifier and is in parallel with it, the secondary emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assembly that enters secondary emulsion breakdown purifier again and be in parallel with it, enter three grades of emulsion breakdown water purification snubber assemblys then, step by step with emulsion breakdown, and carry out oily water separation fast, reject atomic fine particle simultaneously, reach the water quality standard of discharge water and re-injection water.
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| CN102527143B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2014-08-20 | 国家电网公司 | Greasy dirt treatment system |
| CN103408153B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-06-24 | 常州大学 | Physical emulsion resolving treating device for sewage containing emulsified oil and treating method thereof |
| CN109422299B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil-water separation device and oil-water separation method |
| CN113072522B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-06-17 | 浙江智英石化技术有限公司 | Method for removing ethylbenzene hydroperoxide in mixed organic phase |
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| CN2175225Y (en) * | 1992-02-22 | 1994-08-24 | 江苏工学院环境工程研究所 | Combination type equipment for removing oil |
| CN2467503Y (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2001-12-26 | 孟庆 | Oil-water filter |
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| CN2070733U (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1991-02-06 | 中国船舶工业总公司第九设计研究院 | Oil and water separator used in land |
| CN2175225Y (en) * | 1992-02-22 | 1994-08-24 | 江苏工学院环境工程研究所 | Combination type equipment for removing oil |
| CN2467503Y (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2001-12-26 | 孟庆 | Oil-water filter |
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