CN101147615B - Frozen-dried, preserving and sterilizing method for with combined nanometer silver film and microwave drying method - Google Patents
Frozen-dried, preserving and sterilizing method for with combined nanometer silver film and microwave drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101147615B CN101147615B CN2007101348727A CN200710134872A CN101147615B CN 101147615 B CN101147615 B CN 101147615B CN 2007101348727 A CN2007101348727 A CN 2007101348727A CN 200710134872 A CN200710134872 A CN 200710134872A CN 101147615 B CN101147615 B CN 101147615B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a quality-assuring sterilization method of freeze-dried food by adopting combination of nano silver film-coating technique and microwave drying technique, belonging to the field of food safety control technology. Said method includes the following steps: selecting freeze-dried food raw material, defrosting, cleaning, coating film with nano silver, freezing, freeze-drying, microwave treatment and packaging.
Description
Technical field
The preliminary treatment of a kind of safe dose nano silver coating cooperates the method to the even sterilization of freezing-dried food preserving with microwave, the invention belongs to technical field of food safety control.
Background technology
Frozen food is more and more favored, because Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology has overcome the quality deficiency of traditional processing mode processing gained food, make product quality can keep the color, smell, taste and shape and the nutritional labeling of food to greatest extent, and rehydration is fine.But frozen dried food also has some shortcomings, is difficult to control etc. as running cost height, production cycle length, microorganism.Aspect control of microorganisms, up-to-date employing be to continue electrically heated Pasteur sterilization, but because its apparatus expensive, or generation processing collects processing charges, improved the cost of this product virtually.The simple ozone sterilization that general frozen dried food production unit adopts still the phenomenon that Escherichia coli exceed standard can occur in the product after the sterilization processing.Therefore adopt more economically, it is significant that more effective method for disinfection is controlled in the frozen dried food microorganism.
It is short that microwave disinfection has action time, is easy to control, plurality of advantages such as be quick on the draw, be use at present more a kind of disinfecting technology.But microwave disinfection also has its limitation, and is inhomogeneous as sterilization, and part raw-food material microorganism is exceeded standard, so microwave is done the time spent separately, is difficult to control of microorganisms in the food in safe range.
Characteristics such as Nano Silver has broad-spectrum antiseptic, germicidal efficiency height, be difficult for developing immunity to drugs.In addition, the antibacterial action of silver particles has continuation, and silver particles can also continuation effect and other bacteriums after oozing out from bacterium in kill bacteria.And the Nano Silver action effect is stable, can not be subjected to factor affecting such as temperature, pressure.In the application of Nano Silver, security is a key issue.Regulation in State Standard of the People's Republic of China-drinking water sanitary standard (GB 5749--2006), the content of silver is no more than 0.05ppm in the drinking water, this (the used Nano Silver concentration of this method for disinfection is 0.045ppm) below concentration, food is behind nano silver coating, microorganism can necessarily be controlled, but so low concentration is difficult to control of microorganisms in safe range, therefore nano silver coating also will be in conjunction with other sterilization technologies, could control the microbial growth breeding well, guarantee food security.
Normal food raw material surface microorganism is more than inside, and the material surface also is more vulnerable to contamination by micro.Nano silver coating can effectively be killed the existing microorganism in material surface, and owing to the continuation of Nano Silver effect, to subsequent technique link institute contaminating microorganisms, Nano Silver also can control effectively in addition.And heating using microwave belongs to the volume heating, and material inside and surface are heated simultaneously, and the surface is because the water evaporates heat absorption causes internal temperature to be higher than surface temperature, so heat form is unique " from inside to outside ".Simultaneously, most microbial survival are in food surface, and the microorganism on raw-food material surface is residual after microwave is handled separately still can be more.If material elder generation nano silver coating, and then microwave disinfection, like this with both the sterilization advantages together, bactericidal effect is more even, the frozen dried food of producing is easier to reach the sterilization requirement of guaranteeing the quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the preliminary treatment of a kind of safe dose nano silver coating and cooperate with microwave, be applied to the control of microorganisms of frozen dried food the guarantee the quality method of even sterilization of cold dry food.
Technical solution: a kind of even method for disinfection of guaranteeing the quality of frozen dried food, in the production process of frozen dried food, adopt nano silver coating and microwave to cooperate sterilization, carry out control of microorganisms, process is: earlier the frozen dried food raw material selected, thawed, cleaning, nano silver coating, freezing, freeze drying, microwave treatment, packing, the micro organism quantity of final obtained freeze-drying food is controlled in the 1000/gram, and coliform is up to standard;
Nano silver coating: the frozen dried food raw material is placed on soaks 10-15s in the nano-silver water solution, suitably stir, pull out, drain free moisture; Nano-silver water solution concentration is 0.045ppm;
Freezing: material central temperature-25 ℃;
Freeze drying: drying chamber pressure 100Pa, material distillation section temperature-18 ℃, condenser temperature-50 ℃;
Microwave treatment: the material after the freeze-drying is carried out microwave treatment 3-5min, and microwave intensity is 2.6W/g;
Freeze drying is to adopt conventional freeze-drier, goes into microwave sterilization link in that freeze drying is laggard; Or freeze drying employing microwave freeze-drying equipment, freeze drying and microwave disinfection carry out simultaneously.
Frozen dried food refers to fruits and vegetables, aquatic products, the dried cutting of poultry meat jelly raw material.
The Nano Silver preparation: Nano Silver adopts the preparation of liquid phase chemical reduction method, and wherein silver nitrate is that reducing agent, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dispersant for protective agent, calgon as source, the sodium hypophosphite of silver.During preparation, earlier sodium hypophosphite, PVP, calgon are mixed with reducing solution, then the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus for preparing are slowly added in the reducing solution by the separatory pan, simultaneously high-speed stirred.At last the nano silver colloidal sol that makes is diluted to 0.045ppm with deionized water.
The present invention carries out the nano silver coating preliminary treatment with material, microwave disinfection after the freeze drying.Microwave treatment all is controlled material surface, inner microorganism.Nano silver coating has effectively been controlled the microorganism on material surface, and having solved microwave treatment may make bactericidal effect more even to the not enough problem of surperficial microbial disinfection control.Simultaneously because the continuation of Nano Silver effect, in the vacuum freeze drying process, also better controlled microbial growth.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention combines nano silver coating and microwave treatment, both overcome the inhomogeneous of microwave disinfection, has solved under the safe dose Nano Silver again and has made the weak shortcoming of time spent sterilizing power separately.Nano silver coating and microwave treatment are all little to food quality and nutrition influence simultaneously, keep the color, smell, taste and shape and the nutritional labeling of food to greatest extent.
Microorganism is skewness in raw-food material, and generally its surface microorganism is more than inside.Simple microwave disinfection, bactericidal effect is inhomogeneous, because heating using microwave belongs to the volume heating, material inside and surface are heated simultaneously, and the surface is because the water evaporates heat absorption, cause internal temperature to be higher than surface temperature, therefore most microorganisms that survive in food surface have more residual after microwave treatment.Nano silver coating can effectively be killed the existing microorganism in material surface, and owing to the continuation of Nano Silver effect, to subsequent technique link institute contaminating microorganisms, Nano Silver also can control effectively in addition.The method that the present invention has adopted nano silver coating and microwave disinfection to mutually combine, the inhomogeneities when well having remedied the independent sterilization of microwave has also solved the more weak shortcoming of the following nano silver coating bactericidal effect of safe dose.The present invention is applicable to the control of microorganisms of frozen dried food, has solved the microbial safety problem of frozen food well.
Compare with simple microwave disinfection, this method is more thorough to material surface microorganism killing, and bactericidal effect is more even.The while Nano Silver can also suppress microorganism in process of production and pollute.
Compare with simple nano silver coating, because microwave energy kills the microorganism of material inside, it is low excessively also to have overcome Nano Silver concentration in addition, and the control of product microorganism is not reached shortcoming in the safe range.
Compare with the traditional methods such as heating that can effectively control the product microorganism, this method can not produce because of heat treated causes Jiao of product and stick with paste, and can not produce the destruction of the various nutritional labelings of product and losing of local flavor that fierce method for disinfection produces yet.This method can be preserved the quality of product preferably, simultaneously with the control of microorganisms of product within safe range.
Compare with some emerging sterilization technologies, this method does not need expensive equipment, does not need complicated technology yet.This method can continued operation, if freeze drying is to adopt conventional freeze-drier, then directly enters the microwave disinfection link in completion of processing; If adopt microwave freeze-drying equipment, then can be easy to suitability for industrialized production easily with dry and the operation of integrating of sterilization.
Comprehensive and opinion is compared with background technology, the present invention by nano silver coating and microwave combined sterilization with the control of microorganisms in the product in safe range.Can reach the sterilization target by extremely easy equipment, can be can not toxic side effect and do not damage that realization product content of microorganisms reaches safety index under the prerequisite of product quality.The frozen dried food that this law obtains has long storage period, farthest keeps the original color and luster of product, local flavor and nutritive value.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the nano silver coating preliminary treatment cooperates the production application to the even sterilization of freeze-drying sea cucumber with microwave
Intestines, cleaning are thawed, select, gone to freezing sea cucumber at first through warm water, Nano Silver soaks (10s then, concentration 0.045ppm), drain free moisture, freezing (material central temperature-25 ℃), freeze drying (drying chamber pressure 100Pa, material distillation section temperature-18 ℃, condenser temperature-50 ℃), microwave treatment (2.6W/g, 3～5min).The freeze-drying prods that the method obtains is through cultivating the back total plate count in 1000/gram; Variable color do not occur after pipe is cultivated by fermentation and do not observe bubble producing, i.e. coliform (or Escherichia coli) (feminine gender) up to standard.
Embodiment 2: nano silver coating cooperates the production application to the even sterilization of freeze-drying abalone with microwave
Intestines, cleaning are thawed, select, gone to frozen abalone at first through warm water, Nano Silver soaks (15s then, concentration 0.045ppm), drain free moisture, freezing (material central temperature-25 ℃), freeze drying (drying chamber pressure 100Pa, material distillation section temperature-18 ℃, condenser temperature-50 ℃), microwave treatment (2.6W/g, 3～5min).The FD product that the method obtains is through cultivating the back total plate count in 1000/gram; Variable color do not occur after pipe is cultivated by fermentation and do not observe bubble producing, i.e. coliform (or Escherichia coli) (feminine gender) up to standard.
Embodiment 3: nano silver coating cooperates the production application to the even sterilization of freeze-dried strawberry with microwave
Fresh strawberry is at first through selecting, clean, going to form, Nano Silver soaks (10s then, concentration 0.045ppm), drain free moisture, freezing (material central temperature-25), freeze drying (drying chamber pressure 100Pa, material distillation section temperature-18 ℃, condenser temperature-50 ℃), last microwave treatment (2.6W/g, 3～5min).The FD product that the method obtains is through cultivating the back total plate count in 1000/gram; Variable color do not occur after pipe is cultivated by fermentation and do not observe bubble producing, i.e. coliform (or Escherichia coli) (feminine gender) up to standard.
Embodiment 4: nano silver coating cooperates the production application to the even sterilization of freeze-dried beef with microwave
Fresh beef, at first select, cleaning, stripping and slicing, Nano Silver soaks (15s then, concentration 0.045ppm), drain free moisture, freezing (material central temperature-25), freeze drying (drying chamber pressure 100Pa, material distillation section temperature-18 ℃, condenser temperature-50 ℃), microwave treatment (2.6W/g, 3～5min).The FD product that the method obtains is through cultivating the back total plate count in 1000/gram; Variable color do not occur after pipe is cultivated by fermentation and do not observe bubble producing, i.e. coliform (or Escherichia coli) (feminine gender) up to standard.
Claims (2)
1. the even method for disinfection of guaranteeing the quality of a frozen dried food, it is characterized in that in the production process of frozen dried food, adopting nano silver coating and microwave to cooperate sterilization, carry out control of microorganisms, process is: earlier the frozen dried food raw material selected, thawed, cleaning, nano silver coating, freezing, freeze drying, microwave treatment, packing, the micro organism quantity of final obtained freeze-drying food is controlled in the 1000/gram, and coliform is up to standard;
Nano silver coating: the frozen dried food raw material is placed on soaks 10-15s in the nano-silver water solution, suitably stir, pull out, drain free moisture; Nano-silver water solution concentration is 0.045ppm;
Freezing: material central temperature-25 ℃;
Freeze drying: drying chamber pressure 100Pa, material distillation section temperature-18 ℃, condenser temperature-50 ℃;
Microwave treatment: the material after the freeze-drying is carried out microwave treatment 3-5min, and microwave intensity is 2.6W/g;
Freeze drying is to adopt conventional freeze-drier, goes into microwave sterilization link in that freeze drying is laggard.
2. method for disinfection according to claim 1 is characterized in that frozen dried food refers to fruits and vegetables, aquatic products, the dried cutting of poultry meat jelly raw material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2007101348727A CN101147615B (en) | 2007-10-23 | 2007-10-23 | Frozen-dried, preserving and sterilizing method for with combined nanometer silver film and microwave drying method |
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| CN2007101348727A CN101147615B (en) | 2007-10-23 | 2007-10-23 | Frozen-dried, preserving and sterilizing method for with combined nanometer silver film and microwave drying method |
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| CN101147615B true CN101147615B (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| ITMI20100827A1 (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-11 | Angela Bassoli | PROCEDURE FOR CONSERVATION AND AESTHETIC COVERING OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTS IN GENERAL. |
| CN102028025B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-20 | 江南大学 | Method for controlling bacteria and guaranteeing quality of cooked mixed vegetables under refrigeration condition |
| CN104126641B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-04-08 | 南京农业大学 | High-voltage field plasma and nano photocatalysis synergistic sterilizing and preserving method for fresh meat |
| US11229095B2 (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2022-01-18 | Campbell Soup Company | Electromagnetic wave food processing system and methods |
| CN107647246A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-02 | 王田 | Food vacuum is freeze-dried and sterilizing methods and equipment |
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| CN1559238A (en) * | 2004-02-15 | 2005-01-05 | 云南大学 | Antistalling bactericide for vegetables and fruits prepn. method and use thereof |
| CN1583332A (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-02-23 | 陈丽琼 | Nanometer silver sol and preparing method thereof |
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| CN1927001A (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2007-03-14 | 河南省农科院农副产品加工研究所 | Chinese yam vacuum microwave freeze-drying technology |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1559238A (en) * | 2004-02-15 | 2005-01-05 | 云南大学 | Antistalling bactericide for vegetables and fruits prepn. method and use thereof |
| CN1583332A (en) * | 2004-06-08 | 2005-02-23 | 陈丽琼 | Nanometer silver sol and preparing method thereof |
| CN1709075A (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2005-12-21 | 江南大学 | Three-stage composite pretreating method for delaying fresh time of putresible fruit and vegetable |
| CN1927001A (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2007-03-14 | 河南省农科院农副产品加工研究所 | Chinese yam vacuum microwave freeze-drying technology |
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| 张慜 等.准纳米银对蔬菜汁保鲜的效果.无锡轻工大学学报22 2.2003,22(2),63-66. |
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Effective date of registration: 20090320 Address after: Science and Technology Park, National University, Jiangnan University, 94 Xinhua Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214028, China Applicant after: Jiangnan University Co-applicant after: Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plant, China CO-OP Address before: Science and Technology Park, National University, Jiangnan University, 94 Xinhua Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214028, China Applicant before: Jiangnan University |
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