CN101144788B - Device for measuring salt concentration of saturated soil solution - Google Patents
Device for measuring salt concentration of saturated soil solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN101144788B CN101144788B CN200710099014A CN200710099014A CN101144788B CN 101144788 B CN101144788 B CN 101144788B CN 200710099014 A CN200710099014 A CN 200710099014A CN 200710099014 A CN200710099014 A CN 200710099014A CN 101144788 B CN101144788 B CN 101144788B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for measuring the saline concentration in saturated soil solution. The present invention is characterized in that the invention comprises a sealed soil bin, and the soil bin is filled with soil; a constant water tank is respectively arranged on the both sides of the soil bin, and a copper wire gauze and a sieve tray are arranged in the two constant water tank near to one side of the soil in sequence; a constant head water tank for controlling the differential pressure is respectively arranged above the two constant water tanks, the constant head water tank on the water inlet side is connected with a pure water storage barrel and a saline solution storage barrel in parallel through a constant flow pump and a reversing valve; a plurality of salinity sensors are embedded in the soil, a plurality of salinity sensors are connected on a plurality of saline concentration data collectors outside the soil by group; a data processor is connected with the data collector, and the data processor is connected with a computer. The operation of the invention is agility, precise dynamic monitoring can be performed for the salinity in the saturated soil solution, and the invention has wider application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism, particularly about the measurement mechanism of salt concentration in a kind of real-time monitoring saturated soil solution.
Background technology
The pollution of shortage of water resources and water environment has at present become the key factor of the current socio-economic development of restriction, and the heavy metal in the contaminated water body, salinity often enter into soil and underground water by infiltrating again, and human beings'health is produced serious threat.These heavy metals and the salinity migration form in underground water is more complicated often, and existing monitoring means is difficult to quantitative its dynamic process of analysis, and main cause has: 1, the complicacy of face of land dielectric space structure has caused the ground water movement complex shape; 2, solvend (comprising heavy metal, salinity) and medium generation physical chemistry and biological chemistry action; 3, underground water is imbedded in underground, is difficult for monitoring.Therefore, it is the necessary condition of quantitative description solvend dynamic process in saturated media that salinity in the saturated soil solution is carried out comparatively accurate dynamic monitoring, and the present invention has comparatively wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of device that salt concentration in the measurement saturated soil solution of technical support can be provided for the simulation transition process of solvend in underground water.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of device of measuring salt concentration in the saturated soil solution is characterized in that it comprises: the soil box of a sealing is filled with soil in the described soil box; Be respectively a constant water tank in the both sides of described soil box, the side near described soil in the described two constant water tanks sets gradually a copper mesh and a sieve tray; What the top of described two constant water tanks connected a control pressure reduction respectively decides the head water tank, and the described of the side of intaking decide the head water tank by a constant flow pump and reversal valve parallel connection one a pure water storing barrel and a salt solusion storing barrel; Be embedded with a plurality of salt sub sensors in the described soil, described a plurality of salt sub sensors are connected on a plurality of salt concentration data acquisition units that are arranged on described soil box outside by wire groupings; Each described data acquisition unit connects a data processor, and described data processor connects a computing machine.
Described salt concentration sensor is provided with four probes, and the described probe of both sides is as the exciting current input end, and two middle described probes are as the voltage measurement end.
Described salt concentration data acquisition unit comprises a temperature sensor interface, a plurality of salt concentration sensor interfaces, a power interface and a communication interface; Described each salt concentration sensor interface connects a salt concentration sensor, and described communication interface connects described data processor.
Connect a temperature sensor on the described temperature sensor interface.
The operation logic of apparatus of the present invention is, when the saturated soil that loads in soil box by saturated solution salt sub sensor feeds electric current, what conduct electricity in the soil mainly is the exchangeable cation on water and electrolyte soluble in water and clay surface, can measure the potential difference (PD) between two internal probes of salt sub sensor and obtain resistance value, then according to electrode constant, temperature coefficient under resistance value and this temperature conditions is converted into the conductivity (25 ℃ time conductivity) of the soil liquid under the standard conditions, according to the solution salt concentration of demarcating in advance and the relation of conductivity, can obtain the spatial and temporal variation of solute salinity (NaCl) concentration in the soil migration process again.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages: 1, flexible operation of the present invention, by being embedded in the sensor in the soil box, can monitor in real time the Changing Pattern of the salt concentration of arbitrfary point, space in the soil box.2, the present invention adapts to widely, can measure the transition process of salinity in homogeneous and the nonisotropic medium.3, fluidised form control of the present invention is convenient, can produce different fluidised forms (darcy, non-darcy) by the head official post fluid of control entery and delivery port, thereby satisfy different requirement of experiment.4, self-organizing system of the present invention is simple and reasonable, and cost is low.5, software interface of the present invention is rationally easy-to-use, and is easy to use, can any measurement point of real time inspection the concentration value of any time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of salt sub sensor of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a data acquisition system (DAS) synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a solute transfer data acquisition system (DAS) of the present invention interface synoptic diagram
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes a soil box 1, be filled with soil 2 in the soil box 1, the top of soil box 1 is provided with a flange 101, is provided with the rubber blanket 102 that one deck is used to seal between flange 101 and soil box 1.Be respectively a constant water tank 3,4 in soil box 1 both sides, for making solution or water distribute even relatively entering constant water tank 3,4 o'clock, vertical array has a plurality of water inlets 401 on the constant water tank 4 of water inlet end, foot is provided with a water delivering orifice 402, vertical array is set on the constant water tank 3 of water side a plurality of water delivering orifices 301, can be provided with by-pass valve control on each entery and delivery port 301,401,402.Certain head water tank 5,6 is set respectively on the top of constant water tank 3,4, decide head water tank 5 by pipeline each water delivering orifice 301 except that constant water tank 3 foot water delivering orifices 301 ' in parallel, decide head water tank 6 and be communicated with each water inlet 401 of constant water tank 4 by a pipeline and a multi-way joint 403.The top of deciding head water tank 5,6 is respectively arranged with a mouth of a river 501,601, to make things convenient for moisturizing or water outlet, guarantees to form in the whole device constant head difference.Decide head water tank 6 by a constant flow pump 7 and a reversal valve 8 a pure water storing barrel 9 in parallel and salt solusion storing barrels 10, be used for control deciding head water tank 6 water supply in real time or supplying salt solusion to be tried (is the NaCI solution of 2g/L as concentration).Side near soil in two constant water tanks 3,4 all is provided with a copper mesh 11 and a sieve tray 12, enters constant water tank 3,4 to stop the fine particle in the soil, prevents that entery and delivery port 301,401,402 from stopping up.
For measuring salt concentration in the saturated soil, in the soil 2 of soil box 1, disperse to have plugged many salt concentration sensors 13; Simultaneously in two constant water tanks 3,4, a salt concentration sensor 13 is set respectively also, is used to measure the salt concentration of constant water tank 3,4.On two constant water tanks 3,4, a pressure tap 14 is set respectively also, by the pressure differential between the constant water tank 3,4 of manometry.As shown in Figure 2, the present invention can take various salt concentration sensors, the salt concentration sensor 13 of present embodiment is by the four electrode method design, probe 131,132,133,134 on the salt concentration sensor 13 adopts stainless steel material, diameter is that 1mm, length are 15mm, pin spacing is 6mm, forms with CYD-Electronic Packaging resin-encapsulated.Probe 131,132,133,134 structures are designed to winner (Wenner) and distribute, be that both sides probe 131,134 is as exciting current I input end, middle two probes 132,133 are as voltage Δ V measuring junction, and the distance that probe is 131,132,133,134 equates.Probe 131,132,133,134 is littler than general soil conductivity probe, and is less to the disturbance in flow field in the solute transfer process.Four probes 131,132,133,134 insert in the soil by the direction vertical with soil box 1 front and back wall, each salt concentration sensor 13 is drawn a lead 135, lead 135 sealings pass the outside of soil box 1, are connected to the data acquisition system (DAS) that is arranged on soil box 1 outside.
As shown in Figure 3, data acquisition system (DAS) in apparatus of the present invention is made up of a plurality of salt concentration data acquisition unit 15, a data processor 16 and a computing machine 17, and wherein data acquisition unit 15 is provided with temperature sensor interface 151, salinity sensor interface 152, power interface 153 and communication interface 154.Data acquisition unit 15 connects data processor 16 by communication interface 154, and data processor 16 connects computing machine 17.In the present embodiment, data acquisition unit 15 comprises one road temperature sensor interface 151 and seven road salinity sensor interfaces 152, and the quantity of the salinity sensor interface 152 on the data acquisition unit 15 can change.A plurality of salt concentration sensor 13 groupings are connected on the data collector 15, and temperature data and salt concentration data when a plurality of data acquisition units 15 will be measured respectively send to data processor 16, and salt concentration data after treatment are transfused to computing machine 17.Apparatus of the present invention can be laid the salt concentration sensor 13 of different numbers as required, and (for example: present embodiment is provided with more than 70, but be not limited thereto), (for example present embodiment is provided with 10 to data acquisition unit 15, but be not limited thereto) and temperature sensor (for example present embodiment is provided with four altogether, do not plug temperature sensor on some data acquisition unit 15, but be not limited thereto) real-time image data.Data processor 16 built-in with CPU processors are finished measurement, data-switching and the serial communication function of each the road soil conductivity and one road soil moisture automatically, and power interface 153 is by 6～12V direct current supply.
The monitoring software of data acquisition adopts Microsoft VC++6.0 exploitation, serial communication, the data processing of VC platform have been utilized, graphical Presentation Function, finish collection, storage, demonstration and the processing capacity of soil conductivity and temperature data, and can data acquisition unit 15 operational factors (as shown in Figure 4) be set according to application demand.Program master interface shows different colors according to each measurement point conductivity size in the measured zone, also provides certain measurement point position, conductivity and measured temperature etc. simultaneously.Can also utilize the currency button to inquire about current each point conductivity measurements, utilize the historical data button to check that the history of any measurement point measures curve, so both can obtain any any measurement situation in the soil 2, the also appearance of unusual circumstance immediately.
Concrete operations step of the present invention is as follows:
1, with the NaCI standardization of solution salt concentration sensor 13 (this step can be carried out outside the measurement mechanism system) of concentration known content;
2, need in soil box 1, load soil 2 by experiment and in soil 2, settle salt concentration sensor 13;
3, salt concentration sensor 13 is connected with data acquisition unit 15, the communication interface 154 of data acquisition unit 15 is connected with data processor 16;
4, installation data acquisition software on computing machine 17, and the serial ports of data processor 16 is connected with computing machine 17;
5, start constant flow pump 7, regulate reversal valve 8 simultaneously, the pure water in the pure water storing barrel 9 is pumped into soil box 1 by deciding head water tank 6, the controlled water flow amount is regulated the head difference of deciding in the head water tank 7,8, forms steady flow condition;
6, operation computing machine 17 data acquisition software image data;
7, in computing machine 17 image data, regulate reversal valve 8, stop in deciding head water tank 6, pumping into pure water, the NaCI solution in the salt solusion storing barrel 10 need be pumped into soil box 1 by deciding head water tank 6 by experiment simultaneously, and keep the flow field stable;
8, in computing machine 17 image data, need by experiment, regulate reversal valve 8, stop in deciding head water tank 6, to pump into NaCI solution, change into the pure water in the pure water storing barrel 9 is pumped into soil box 1 by deciding head water tank 6, and keep the flow field stable;
9, when carrying out above-mentioned steps 6～8, record resistance value by salt concentration sensor 13, converse the conductivity (25 ℃ time conductivity) of the soil liquid then according to the temperature coefficient under electrode constant, resistance value and this temperature conditions, and, converse NaCI solute spatial and temporal variation of salinity (NaCl) the concentration during migration process in the soil 2 in soil box 1 according to the soil liquid salt concentration of demarcating in advance and the relation of conductivity.
In the foregoing description, the migration form of salinity (NaCl) in saturated soil 2 can be gathered in real time and show by data acquisition software, and the operation of end data acquisition software after reaching experiment purpose finishes experiment.
Below only be preferred embodiment of the present invention, any based on equivalent transformation of the present invention, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. device of measuring salt concentration in the saturated soil solution is characterized in that it comprises: the soil box of a sealing is filled with soil in the described soil box; Be respectively a constant water tank in the both sides of described soil box, the side near described soil in the described two constant water tanks sets gradually a copper mesh and a sieve tray; Vertical array has a plurality of water inlets on the described constant water tank of water inlet end, foot is provided with a water delivering orifice, vertical array has a plurality of water delivering orifices on the described constant water tank of water side, what the top of described two constant water tanks connected a control pressure reduction respectively decides the head water tank, and the described of the side of intaking decide the head water tank by a constant flow pump and reversal valve parallel connection one a pure water storing barrel and a salt solusion storing barrel; Be embedded with a plurality of salt concentration sensors in the described soil, described a plurality of salt concentration sensors are connected on a plurality of salt concentration data acquisition units that are arranged on described soil box outside by wire groupings; Each described data acquisition unit connects a data processor, and described data processor connects a computing machine.
2. a kind of device of measuring salt concentration in the saturated soil solution as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described salt concentration sensor is provided with four probes, the described probe of both sides is as the exciting current input end, and two middle described probes are as the voltage measurement end.
3. a kind of device of measuring salt concentration in the saturated soil solution as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described salt concentration data acquisition unit comprises a temperature sensor interface, a plurality of salt concentration sensor interfaces, a power interface and a communication interface; Described each salt concentration sensor interface connects a salt concentration sensor, and described communication interface connects described data processor.
4. a kind of device of measuring salt concentration in the saturated soil solution as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: connect a temperature sensor on the described temperature sensor interface.
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| CN200710099014A CN101144788B (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Device for measuring salt concentration of saturated soil solution |
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| CN200710099014A CN101144788B (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Device for measuring salt concentration of saturated soil solution |
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| CN101144788A CN101144788A (en) | 2008-03-19 |
| CN101144788B true CN101144788B (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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| CN102175568B (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2013-04-10 | 长安大学 | Device for evaluating longer-term snow-melting property of salinization matter for automatically melting snows on road surface |
| US9797814B2 (en) | 2011-06-12 | 2017-10-24 | Adi Mottes | Probe for in situ monitoring the electrical conductivity of soil solutions |
| CN103091372B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-10-15 | 浙江大学 | On-board seepage flow and outflow concentration real-time monitoring device and method of geotechnical centrifuge |
| CN104237317B (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-08-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pressure-resistant sealing device of saturation test circuit |
| CN104597221B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-04-27 | 沈阳远大智能高科农业有限公司 | A kind of soil EC value proving installation and using method thereof |
| CN104764934B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2019-04-26 | 塔里木大学 | The measurement method of soil saturation leaching liquor conductivity |
| CN105651761A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-08 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Icing salt measurement method and apparatus thereof |
| CN105866385B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-07-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of device and method simulated in evaporation urine mouth brine drain |
| CN107064229B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2023-04-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Test device and method for researching influence of current on calcium sand desalination rate |
| CN107796929A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-13 | 华侨大学 | Elastic wave aids in cement ejection for water plugging model test apparatus |
| CN108732331A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of device tested with the soil water, vapour, heat, salt simultaneous transport for unsaturation |
| CN111272985B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-09-30 | 武汉美网通科技发展有限公司 | Temperature compensation type high-precision calibration method for soil salinity sensor |
| CN116660323B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-11-14 | 四川省科源工程技术测试中心有限责任公司 | Agricultural farmland saline-alkali degree sampling detection device and method |
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